The Cold War: Conflicts between East and West

Divide Between Russia and US??

Ideology:› Democracy

› Communism

Venn Diagram… Democracy V. Communism

› Similarities?› Differences?

Filling out as a class

Truman Doctrine Civil War in Greece

› Britain was unable to continue to support the reconstruction in the Mediterranean ((Why?)) Turkey and Greece at stake!

› Britain supported the Pro-Western Side› Tito (Communist leader of Yugoslavia)

Supported the communist guerilla fighters› US scared of Soviet expansion (Domino

Theory)

Truman Doctrine con’t Truman’s speech to congress (3-12-

1947):› “I believe that it must be the policy of the

United States to support the free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.”

((What do you think this means?))

Truman Doctrine Con’t US suspicious of Soviet’s interest and

intents with Greece and Turkey. Unfounded

› Stalin not pleased with Tito’s actions ((Why???))

Kennan’s Containment (Packet)

Front page of your packet… Read through… Then answer the questions following

the passage…

Kennan’s Containment 1.) Kennan states that the Russian politicians want to maintain

their 'prestige.' How would this concept of prestige instigate the Cold War, rather than ending it? 

2.) The first line of the second paragraphs predicts that the United States has to face the Soviet Union at "constantly shifting geographical and political points" in order to contain the spread of Communism. Does this scenario come true, and, if so, how?

3.) What does Kennan mean by the second paragraph? How does this relate to what we know of the events of the Cold War?

 4.) Why is it important for the United States to appear "know what it wants," all while dealing with internal problems?

Containment Theory What is Kennan trying to say???

Pop

Marshall Plan June 1947

› European Recovery Program (Marshall Plan)

Provides 13 Billion dollars to All of Europe› “…against hunger, poverty, desperation,

and chaos.”› USSR does not participate in this, despite

the option to… Why…

Soviet POV of Marshall Plan Capitalist Imperialism

› Gaining influence of weaker countries, through monetary bribes (favors)

Any truths?› American firms were making the products

sent to Europe…› US popular opinion: Communist advances

fed off economic turmoil

Soviet Reactions? Russia could not compete with the

financial strength of US… Therefore, it could only do one thing:

Tighten its control over eastern Europe…

European Countries Aided $3.2 Billion – UK $2.7 Billion – France $1.5 Billion – West Germany $694 Million – Greece $677 Million – Austria

Aid between April 3rd, 1948- June 30th, 1952.

Marshall Plan Aid

Division of Europe

Formation of Military Alliances

Why need alliances?

NATO v Warsaw

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization April 1949 Belgium, Luxemburg, Netherlands,

France, Britain, Italy, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Iceland, USA and Canada signed.

Mutual Assistance

NATO countries…

Before Warsaw, There was…

1949 – Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) › Purpose was economic cooperation› Also allowed Stalin Control over the “Buffer

zone”/satellite countries of eastern Europe

Warsaw Pact 1955 Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East

Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Soviet Union joined

Buffer Zone?

Warsaw Pact Countries…