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The Cold WarWas called “Cold War” in reference to the chilly
relationship between the US and the USSR.
“Cold War” as opposed to a “hot war” where there is actual fighting.
The only wars fought between the US and USSR during this time period (1945-1991) were proxy wars:Korean War Vietnam War
Occupation of GermanyMany of the problems between the US and USSR
because of the occupation of Germany.The USSR occupied the eastern part of Germany,
as well as East BerlinThe US, Britain, and France occupied western
Germany, as well as West BerlinAll of Berlin was located within East Germany, which
made access difficult for the US, Britain, and FranceBerlin airlift is a result of the USSR blocking access to
West Berlin
Nuremburg TrialsHeld in Nuremberg, Germany from 1945-1949
Tried more than 200 Nazi and military officials
Several dozen sentenced to death for their roles in the Holocaust and other war crimes.
Eastern EuropeUSSR sees controlling
Eastern Europe as essential to their security.
The Soviets wanted a buffer zone to protect from attack by western European countries.
Western Resistance to the USSR
Truman DoctrinePresident Truman’s promise to supply economic
and military aid in order to prevent the spread of communism
Millions of $ in aid sent to Greece and Turkey
Marshall PlanProvided $13 billion for rebuilding Europe Instrumental in helping western Europe recover
Containment—US attempts to stop the spread of communism
NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)Designed to counter Soviet
power in EuropeComprised of the US, Canada,
Britain, and other western European Countries
Warsaw PactSoviet response to NATOConsisted of the USSR and
other communist nations of Eastern Europe