Overseas EmpiresOverseas EmpiresAKS 39bAKS 39b

Bienvenidos a España!Bienvenidos a España!

December 10December 10thth, 1492, 1492

AKS 39bAKS 39b

What were the roles of explorers and What were the roles of explorers and conquistadors?conquistadors?

VI.VI. England England

A.A. JamestownJamestown: first permanent : first permanent settlementsettlement

B.B. PilgrimsPilgrims1.1. founded second English colony in founded second English colony in

PlymouthPlymouth, Massachusetts, Massachusetts2.2. PuritansPuritans: deeply religious people : deeply religious people

who didn’t agree with practices of who didn’t agree with practices of Church of EnglandChurch of England

VIII.VIII. French & Indian War (Seven French & Indian War (Seven Years’ War)Years’ War)

A.A. War for control of War for control of North AmericaNorth America

B.B. English and French clashed over Ohio Valley English and French clashed over Ohio Valley in 1754in 1754

C.C. FranceFrance forced to give up all land in North forced to give up all land in North America to America to EnglandEngland in 1763 in 1763

IX.IX. The Netherlands The Netherlands

A.A. Dutch settlers began colonies in modern New Dutch settlers began colonies in modern New York City and called it New Netherland.York City and called it New Netherland.

B.B. Traded furTraded fur

X.X. Portugal: More interested in Portugal: More interested in tradetrade than than colonization (Africa & Asia)colonization (Africa & Asia)

XI.XI. Spain Spain

A.A. ConquistadorsConquistadors: “Conquerors” came to spread God : “Conquerors” came to spread God & wealth& wealth

B.B. Hernán CortésHernán Cortés: Mexico & Aztec riches (1519): Mexico & Aztec riches (1519)C.C. Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro: Peru & Inca Empire (1532): Peru & Inca Empire (1532)D.D. Empire spread through N. & S. America and West Empire spread through N. & S. America and West

IndiesIndiesE.E. European European diseasesdiseases killed Natives; killed Natives; AfricanAfrican slaves slaves

replaced themreplaced them

XII.XII. Atlantic Slave Trade: buying and Atlantic Slave Trade: buying and selling of Africans for selling of Africans for workwork in the in the Americas Americas A.A. TriangularTriangular trade trade

1.1. MiddleMiddle Passage: Passage: a.a. Long voyage from Long voyage from AfricaAfrica to America to Americab.b. Often very Often very harshharsh and cruel and cruelc.c. People crammed into ships, beaten, and given little food.People crammed into ships, beaten, and given little food.d.d. 2020% of the people on these ships died% of the people on these ships died

Europe

Africa

Americas

Europeans sailed to Africa to trade manufactured goods for

people.

The Middle Passage: Africans were carried across the Atlantic to

the Americas to be sold into slavery.

Traders brought back sugar, coffee, and tobacco to Europe.

Welcome to 1400 America!!!Welcome to 1400 America!!!

• Take an index card.Take an index card.

• List down ALL major ingredients in the List down ALL major ingredients in the dish/food item you brought to share.dish/food item you brought to share.

• Take out your classwork assignments from Take out your classwork assignments from yesterday (#1-14 on FE review; 1 outline for yesterday (#1-14 on FE review; 1 outline for PFE review)PFE review)

New Rules for 7New Rules for 7thth Period Period1.1. Be in your seats when the bell rings. Be in your seats when the bell rings. 2.2. Have Have ALLALL materials ready when the bell rings (pencils sharpened, materials ready when the bell rings (pencils sharpened,

paper, etc). paper, etc). 3.3. Stay in your seats unless you have permission to leave your seat.Stay in your seats unless you have permission to leave your seat.4.4. Raise your hand if you wish to speak or have a question—Raise your hand if you wish to speak or have a question—EVEN EVEN

IFIF you just want to ask a neighbor something. you just want to ask a neighbor something. 5.5. Use all the time you’re given in class to complete assignments. Use all the time you’re given in class to complete assignments.

Failure to comply to these rules Failure to comply to these rules THE FIRST TIMETHE FIRST TIME will result in an will result in an automatic morning teacher detention.automatic morning teacher detention.

Since it is week 16 and we STILL can’t behave appropriately when we Since it is week 16 and we STILL can’t behave appropriately when we have a sub, we will practice substitute behavior for THE REST OF have a sub, we will practice substitute behavior for THE REST OF

THE SEMESTER. THE SEMESTER.

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange

What was the Columbian Exchange What was the Columbian Exchange and what was its global economic and and what was its global economic and

culture impact? culture impact?

After you read…After you read…

• At the end of your notes, do an analysis (break At the end of your notes, do an analysis (break down the food items and speculate their down the food items and speculate their origins) of origins) of – A) what you had for lunch.A) what you had for lunch.– B) what favorite food you brought.B) what favorite food you brought.

• Could you have enjoyed it here in the “New Could you have enjoyed it here in the “New World” if not for the Columbian Exchange? World” if not for the Columbian Exchange? Why/Why not?Why/Why not?

What I Had for LunchWhat I Had for Lunch

• PastaPasta– Tomato sauceTomato sauce– Noodles (made from wheat flour)Noodles (made from wheat flour)– Ricotta CheeseRicotta Cheese

• ApplesauceApplesauce• CookieCookie

– FlourFlour– SugarSugar– peppermintpeppermint

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange

A.A. It was a global It was a global transfertransfer of foods, plants, and of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the animals during the colonization of the AmericasAmericas

1.1. Corn and potatoes Corn and potatoes Europe, Asia, Africa Europe, Asia, Africa

2.2. Bananas, black-eyed peas, yams Bananas, black-eyed peas, yams Americas Americas

3.3. Cattle, pigs, horses Cattle, pigs, horses Americas Americas

4.4. Diseases Diseases Americas & Europe Americas & Europe

B.B. Global TradeGlobal Trade1.1. settling of Americas and growth of trade started an settling of Americas and growth of trade started an

economiceconomic revolution revolution

2.2. revolution led to revolution led to capitalismcapitalism: based on : based on privateprivate ownership of property and right of a business to earn a ownership of property and right of a business to earn a profitprofit on money it has invested on money it has invested

3.3. revolution also led to revolution also led to joint-stock companiesjoint-stock companies: : investors combine their investors combine their moneymoney to start a to start a businessbusiness and and shareshare in the profits in the profits

C.C. Growth of MercantilismGrowth of Mercantilism1.1. European governments followed the idea of European governments followed the idea of

mercantilismmercantilism, which says that a country’s , which says that a country’s powerpower depended on its depended on its wealthwealth (getting more gold and silver (getting more gold and silver increased wealth)increased wealth)

2.2. Selling more than buying (Selling more than buying (exportingexporting more than more than importingimporting) = a favorable balance of ) = a favorable balance of tradetrade

3.3. Colonies helped to provide goods that could be sold in Colonies helped to provide goods that could be sold in tradetrade