The CONTRIBUTION of the BALTIC ECO-ENERGY CLUSTER (BKEE)

to the DEVELOPMENT of RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTORin NORTHERN POLAND

J. Kiciński, J. Mikielewicz, P. Lampart, D. Butrymowicz

Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdańsk

OPEN DAYS 2008 – European Week of Regions and Cities

Brussels, 6-9 October 2008

CONTENTS

RENEWABLE ENERGY – GENERAL

BKEE – GENERAL

BKEE – RESEARCH PROJECTS

BKEE – INFRASTRUCTURE and CUSTOMER IMPLEMENTATION PROJECTS

RENEWABLE ENERGY

TRENDS for EUROPE:

FAMOUS 3x20% BY YEAR 2020,

DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION of FUEL, HEAT and ELECTRCIC POWER,

LESS FUEL IMPORTS from NON-DEMOCRATIC COUNTRIES

MOST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY

GASIFICATION (FERMENTATION) of ENERGETIC PLANTS and CONVERSION of BIOMETHANE for COGENERATION of HEAT AND ELECTRIC ENERGY EFFICIENCY of PRIMARY ENERGY CONVERSION IN EXCESS of 85%

TRENDS for POLAND until YEAR 2020

RENEWABLE ENERGY from BIOMASS (78%), WIND and HYDRO (22%)

POTENTIAL OF POLISH ENERGY AGRICULTURE: FAST TRANSFORMATION OF 2-3 MLN ha of WASTE LANDS (10-15% of FARM LAND) FINALLY: 4-6 MLN ha with no loss to FOOD PRODUCTION

1.5 MLN ha of CORN YIELDS 7.5 BLN M3 of BIOMETHANE, EQUIVELENT of CURRENT POLISH IMPORTS of NATURAL GAS

2000

2010

2006

PROSPECTS and STRUCTURE Of RENEWABLE ENERGY

in POLAND

2.5-3 %

Contribution of renewable energy in production of electric energy

7.5 %Biomass53%

Biomass46%

Biomass1.6%

Wind0.3%

Wind6%

Wind31%

Hydro98.1%

Hydro48%

Hydro16%

DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION

CFHP - Small and Medium Scale Combined Production of Fuel, Heat and Power

THE LARGEST ECOENERGY CLUSTER in POLAND!!

BKEEGOLDEN TRIANGLE

BALTIC ECO-ENERGY CLUSTERcontains 36 entities

SCIENCE COMPANIES

LOCALAUTHORITIES

REGIONALINNOVATIONSTRATEGY

MainMain mission of BKEE mission of BKEE

introduce and promote a widely understood idea of introduce and promote a widely understood idea of distributed co-generation, i.e. simultaneous small and distributed co-generation, i.e. simultaneous small and medium scale production of thermal energy and electricity medium scale production of thermal energy and electricity from renewable energy sources, mainly biomass, but also from renewable energy sources, mainly biomass, but also by converting water, solar and wind energy. by converting water, solar and wind energy.

Actions taken by BKEE oriented onActions taken by BKEE oriented on: :

reducing the proportion of fossil fuels as the primary reducing the proportion of fossil fuels as the primary energy sources, with simultaneous significant increase of energy sources, with simultaneous significant increase of the use of bio-fuels and other sources of renewable the use of bio-fuels and other sources of renewable energy,energy,

stimulating development of green energy related new stimulating development of green energy related new technologies and training specialists,technologies and training specialists,

assistance in starting production of facilities and systems assistance in starting production of facilities and systems for bio-energy industry,for bio-energy industry,

promoting and supporting energy saving technologies,promoting and supporting energy saving technologies,

developing ecological awareness, and professional developing ecological awareness, and professional activation of rural area residents.activation of rural area residents.

INVESTORS

BENEFICIARIESFARMERS

LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

FACILITY PRODUCERS

RESIDENTS

SCIENTISTS

Main beneficiaries of BKEE activity:

business people investing in agro energy complexes, cogeneration micro power plants, and other renewable energy based power plants,

producers of facilities and installations for agro energy complexes and micro power plants; including innovation and implementation oriented businesses,

energetic plant planters and biofuel producers providing energy for agro energy complexes,

local authorities - by meeting energy needs of residents, increasing employment and tax incomes, promoting the region, local communities interested in environment protection - by reducing the emission of harmful substances to the atmosphere,

groups of scientists - by gaining extra financial resources for scientific research.

Operational Programme: Innovative Economy (POIG)BKEE Projects

R&D PROJECT 1„MODEL AGROENERGY COMPLEXES IN DISTRIBUTED

COGENERATION OF HEAT AND POWER”

R&D PROJECT 2„COGENERATIVE FUEL, HEAT AND POWER (CFHP) STATIONS

BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY ”

Project head: Prof. J. Kiciński

The Baltic Sea Bioenergy Promotion Programme under

Interregional Cooperation Programme INTERREG IV C1

OTHER BKEE PROJECTS

7 FP

2 Reduction of COReduction of CO22 emission in northern Poland by emission in northern Poland by strengthening the R&D potential in eco-energy fieldstrengthening the R&D potential in eco-energy field

Border-free enegry care – Polish-Ukrainian Cooperation NORWEGIAN FINANSE MECHANISM

3

ECOENERGY CFHP STATIONSBIOMASS CFHP STATIONS

BIOGAS REACTOR

MULTI-FUELBURNER

MICROTURBINE ORC(LOW-TEMPERATURE

BOILING MEDIA)

MICRO WIND TURBINE STATIONS

MICRO HYDRO POWER STATIONS

INTELIGENTECOENERGY MICROGRIDS

ELASTIC MANAGEMENTof SUPPLY

and DEMEND

FINAL EFFECTS: PROTOTYPES, DEMOS, CUSTOMER IMPLEMENTATIONS

Cheap wind turbine for Individual customers

Low head hydro turbines

FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF PROJECTS

INTEGRATED RAFINERY

HYBRID SYSTEMS:

- SOLAR AIR- CONDITIONING- FULE CELLS

SMALL PHOTOVOLTAIC

STATIONS

Biogas reactor

Biorafinery

BIOMASS STATION: CFHP ORC

Multi-fuel burner

50°C

oil

pure H2

biomethane

wood, pellets

coal

Low-boiling medium

Electric energy receivers

Heat receivers

biomethanol

oil

hot watergas synthesis

Microturbine ORC

freeze

Generator90°Cbiomethanol

bioethanol

Why ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) ?(low-boiling medium)

Possibility to use low-temperature heat sources,

Possibility to use biogas and biomass,

Possibility to utilise recovery heat,

Modular construction,

Possibility of trigeneration, operation with diesel engine, gas turbine, fuel cells

Vapour Rankine cycle with a turbine working on low-boiling fluid in a specific power range,

Innovative design of multi-fuel burner operating with ORC,

Innovative design of high-rotating turbogenerator, technology of high-rotating bearings,

Innovative design of micro heat exchangers,

Application of new simulation methods of flow and dynamic system, new methods of diagnostics of technical state of the system,

Utilisation of recovery heat for production of freeze.

Innovation of ORC – scientific input

Why biogas (biomethane) from fermentation ?

Biogas obtained in the process of non-oxide fermentation can be a substitue for natural gas for local energy use;

Production of biomethane is clean for the environment,

Biomethane has the EROEI factor higher than plant oils.

New technologies of production of energy plants and new models of chain supply of biomass;

New technologies of fermentation depending on the type of plant biomass input parameters;

Upgrade of biogas for fuel cell usage.

Innovation of biogas technology - scientific input

PHILOSOPHY of POLIGENERATIONNow: modernisation of heat stations

Future: poligeneration mCHP ORC

biomass

coal

Heat receivers

biomass

heat

electric energy

freeze

biogas reactior

Cogeneration allows for full application of exergy (temperature potential)

80 kW of heat

80 kW of heat + 20 kW of electr. energy from CHP (20 % en. eff.)

85oC

985oC900 K

20 kW of electr. energy from power station (33% en. eff.) Fuel needed

In separate production

Fuel neededIn cogeneration

mCHP ORC – Energy and economic efficiency

biomass

heat 80%

electric energy 20%

53%

47%

Gain appr. 70%

Energy efficiency

Economic efficiency

COGENERATION (HEAT and ELECTRIC ENERGY)

GENARATION of HEAT

Micro CHP market segments

Segment 1Individual customers

Electric power 4 kW

Heat power 20 kW

Electric power Nx40 kW

Heat power Nx200 kW

Segment 2Local societies, medium enterprises

Modular CHP station

•Best wind conditions in Nothern Poland •Many potential users of wind turbines•Low investment at mass production

Micro Wind Turbinefor individual customers

Vert

ical axis

tu

rbin

e

Hori

zon

tal axis

tu

rbin

e

Why wind turbines ?

• New designs of rotors with vertical and horizontal axis• Cheap, light and easily mounted column• Production and storage of energy

• Main interest - 3 kW – sold in supermarkets• Customer tailored 10 – 15 kW • Professional ~ 500kW

Power range

Innovation

Why small hydro power should be developed?

spad H = 2...4 m(45%)

4...7 m(28%)

7...10 m(15%)

10...20 m

Head structure in Poland -almost 50% are low-head objects, not used

Micro hydro power: Low-head turbines

Low-head hydro turbine parameters:

Head: H = (1.5 – 4 ) m sł. wody

• Flow: Q = (0.3 – 12) m3/s

• Power: Pe = (10 – 350) kW

• Expected efficiency: = (75 – 85)%

• Rotation coefficient: nSQ = (250-280)

• New blading systems of high a rotation coefficient, • Control system for adjustable rotational velocity, • New design methods, • Optimisation of usage of water resources.

Innovation

Photovoltaic ?

Photovoltaic systems can be integrated with buildings (BIPV) Photovoltaic systems can be part of hybryd systems operating

with wind turbines and fuel cells

Goals: Determination of the possibility and effectiveness of utilisation of sun radiation

for energy production in Northern Poland; Optimisation of energy systems and microgrids; Elaboration of strategy for the development of photovoltaic in Poland

Hybrid systems: photovoltaic + wind turbine + low-head hydro turbine + fuel cells + energy store

Electric energy receivers

WIND

O2

oxygen

hydrogen

8KW

Energy storehydrogen + oxygen

Production of H2

Low-temperatureFuel cells PEMElectric power 8 KW

Heat power 3 KWWind turbine

Low-head hydro turbine

Compressed airstore 3 KW

Solar air-conditioning

Photovoltaic moduls

Electric energy storage and conversion

Heat receivers

Biogas reactor

High Temperature Fuel Cell SOFC (800°C)

Biomethane

R & D

„COGENERATIVE FUEL, HEAT AND POWER

STATIONS BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY ”POIG 1.3

Implementation of R & D results„ MICRO CHP STATION”

Implementation of R & D results„LOW-HEAD HYRDO POWER STATION ”

Implementation of R & D results„BIOGAS REACTOR COMPLEX in ORNETA”

LABORATORIES, DEMOS AND CUSTOMER IMPLEMENTATIONSComplementary projects

1.3. R & D POIG: 2.1. R & D Infrastrukture PRIORITY AND ACTION: 1.4. Implementation of R & D results

2009 201220112010 2013

BENEFICIARY:ENERGA SA, ZRE GDAŃSK

BENEFICIARY:ENERGA SA

BENEFICIARY:ENERGA SA

R & D Infrastructure„MICRO CHP LABORATORY”

POIG 2.1

POIG 1.4

1. Cogeneration unit of power 100 kWe i 200 kWt2. Easy set-up3. Easy co-operation with a heat pump for freeze production4. Generator driven by a gas turbine5. Demand for heat guaranteed

Poligeneration based on biomass - Complex in w Jezierzyce

IMPLEMENTATIONSOn the way to an agro-energy complex

1. 100% increase of demand for biomss, up to 12 – 13 thousand GJ/a

2. CO2 emission reduction– 500 t/year

3. Considerable finansial and strategic effect – no need for supply from outside sources

4. Development of biomass logistics

5. Competence centre (for renewable energy) open for people

6. Contact with school and scientific centres – practical training for pupils

Complex in Jezierzyce: Effects

THANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTION