The English Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation Chapter 1 section 4

The English Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation

Chapter 1 section 4

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English Reformation

a. Henry VIIIi. “Defender of the

Faith”- resisted the Protestant revolt

ii. 1527 wanted his marriage annulled and the pope refused.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=liNJahgdyJQOwM&tbnid=XGzUdHzBMgTH3M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/henry8face2.htm&ei=Ne9KUvabG9ev4AOunoHQDg&bvm=bv.53371865,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNHYVO7vDWNKSgYuaDIOBnbfKLstZA&ust=1380729010791595

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maria_Tudor1.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Darnley_stage_3.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Edward_VI_of_England.jpg

• 1. Took over the English church through the Act of Supremacy – iii. 1536-1540:

Henry VIII seized the lands and the wealth of English convents & monasteries.

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• 1. granted some to nobles and high-ranking citizens securing their support for the Anglican Church.

II. Catholic Counter Reformation

• a. Leader- Pope Paul IIIi. Calls the Council of Trent in

15451. Reaffirmed traditional Catholic viewsa. Salvation comes through faith and good works. b. The Bible is a major source of religious truth, but not the only source.

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2. Ended abuses in the Church.

a. Stiff penalties for worldliness and corruption among clergy.

3. Established schools to create a better-educate clergy who challenged Protestant teachings.

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ii. The Inquisition

1. Church court set up during the Middle Ages.

2. Goal: bring people back to the faith

3. Used secret testimony, torture, and execution to root out heresy.

4. Prepared the Index of Forbidden Books.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=R8N2tLnr8Dd5qM&tbnid=MZvPttsn3un64M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.goodreads.com/trivia/show/85867-the-catholic-church-s-index-of-forbidden&ei=pfRKUt_EOdHd4AOT9YDACg&bvm=bv.53371865,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNFUOnWxYtMyrQRVxr_nCMT_0gYRVQ&ust=1380730394854805

• a. too immoral or irreligious for Catholics

• b. Books by Luther & Calvin.

• iii. Society of Jesus (Jesuits) – 1. brought back

the Catholic faith to Africa and the Americas

– 2. educated natives

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=KKilKgezQy7IHM&tbnid=QFBw3GmIlPHM9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.asmsi.org.ph/asmsi_reflections.php?id=105&ei=wvZKUoy8F7Kr4AOXrICYAw&bvm=bv.53371865,d.dmg&psig=AFQjCNGK-aOWpDIYEfgS-zTJB1IwdasVUA&ust=1380730907374189

• Iv. Did it succeed?– Reforms slowed

the Protestants– Returned some

areas to Catholic Church

– Europe remained divided into Protestant North and Catholic South.

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=Ni--xdhQe94qZM&tbnid=-Yl_D2aqUEexaM:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://howellworldhistory.wordpress.com/quarter-two/unit-4-rise-of-europe/the-protestant-reformation/&ei=D_NKUtmRE_e24APxpoGIDQ&psig=AFQjCNHISG8axD4T3zVMkQyndeVb3eJbnA&ust=1380729999346537

III. Persecution • Catholics and Protestants

intolerant of one another• Witch hunts

– 1450-1750 thousands of women and men died.

– Why?• People saw link between

magic and heresy.• Scapegoats- ex. Midwife

blamed for an infant death

• Where? German states, Switzerland, France, and all centers of religious conflict.

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– Jews• 1516 Venice ordered Jews

to live in the ghetto• refused to convert; Luther

calls for their expulsion from Christian Lands & synagogues and books to be burned– some German princes did

expel Jews; others forced them to live in ghettos and wear a yellow badge when traveling

– 1550s many Jews migrated to Poland-Lithuania and parts of the Ottoman Empire

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The English Reformation and Catholic Counter Reformation Chapter 1 section 4