The French and Indian WarThe French and Indian War

pgs. 140-145pgs. 140-145

Who won the French & Indian War?Who won the French & Indian War?

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES 1. Identify the reasons why fighting broke out1. Identify the reasons why fighting broke out

between France and Britain in between France and Britain in

North AmericaNorth America

2.2. Describe the early defeat of the British by theDescribe the early defeat of the British by the

French at the beginning of the French and French at the beginning of the French and Indian WarIndian War

Explain how the British gained victory, and Explain how the British gained victory, and explain the results of The French & Indian Warexplain the results of The French & Indian War

Why were Empires Competing?Why were Empires Competing? France (F) & Britain (B)France (F) & Britain (B)

Ea. Feared other wanted to increase terr. Ea. Feared other wanted to increase terr. (land)(land)

Leads to warLeads to war

French build forts from Lake Erie to Ohio R.French build forts from Lake Erie to Ohio R.

British land companies plan to settle colonist in British land companies plan to settle colonist in ORvORv

Virginia sends small group of soldiers Virginia sends small group of soldiers (Militia)(Militia) led by G. Washington to tell French to leaveled by G. Washington to tell French to leave

Why were Empires CompetingWhy were Empires Competing

1st. Reason:1st. Reason:

struggle for control of western landsstruggle for control of western lands

To To tradetrade w Native Americans for w Native Americans for fursfurs

What alliances did the Native What alliances did the Native Americans form?Americans form?

Fur trade created economic & military Fur trade created economic & military alliances between NA & Europeansalliances between NA & Europeans

Native Americans AlliancesNative Americans Alliances

Hurons & Algonquins Hurons & Algonquins w/Frenchw/French

Hurons & Algonquins Hurons & Algonquins

Native Americans AlliancesNative Americans Alliances

IroquoisIroquois BritishBritish

Iroquois expansion threaten French fur tradeIroquois expansion threaten French fur trade

French arm Huron & Algonquin to fight French arm Huron & Algonquin to fight IroquoisIroquois

Iroquois armed by BritishIroquois armed by British

French & Indian WarFrench & Indian War wouldwould decide who decide who would control North Americawould control North America

What was the conflict in the Ohio What was the conflict in the Ohio River Valley?River Valley?

British fur traders move into Ohio River valleyBritish fur traders move into Ohio River valley

& British trading post& British trading post

French built forts upset Virginia colony which French built forts upset Virginia colony which claimed the territoryclaimed the territory

Virginia sends small group of soldiers led by Virginia sends small group of soldiers led by G. Washington to tell French to leaveG. Washington to tell French to leave

Virginia men to build a fort at head of Ohio Virginia men to build a fort at head of Ohio River at present day PittsburghRiver at present day Pittsburgh

French & Indians seize fort French & Indians seize fort

name it Fortname it Fort Duquesne Duquesne

Fort DuquesneFort Duquesne

Fort Duquesne-todayFort Duquesne-today

How does the war begin and spread?How does the war begin and spread?

George Washington sent to defend Fort George Washington sent to defend Fort DuquesneDuquesne

Learns of Forts surrender & builds Learns of Forts surrender & builds Fort Fort NecessityNecessity

Fort Necessity: todayFort Necessity: today

GW launches a surprise attack on French & GW launches a surprise attack on French & IndiansIndians

Called: Called: Battle of JomonsvilleBattle of Jomonsville

French & Indians then attack French & Indians then attack Fort NecessityFort Necessity

French & Indian WarFrench & Indian WarFrench & Indian WarFrench & Indian War Washington surrenders & is releasedWashington surrenders & is released

TheThe French & Indian WarFrench & Indian War beganbegan

Became part of Became part of Seven Years’ WarSeven Years’ War (1756-1763)(1756-1763)

a world wide struggle betweena world wide struggle between

France & BritainFrance & Britain

Reps from Reps from BB colonists meet with Iroquois to colonists meet with Iroquois to ask Iroquois to fight with them against the ask Iroquois to fight with them against the FrenchFrench

Iroquois would not agree Iroquois would not agree

Ben Franklin suggests the colonies ban Ben Franklin suggests the colonies ban

together for defensetogether for defense

(much like the tribes of the Iroquois nation)(much like the tribes of the Iroquois nation)

Albany Plan of UnionAlbany Plan of Union – 1 – 1stst formal proposal to formal proposal to unite the coloniesunite the colonies

Each colony sent rep to Each colony sent rep to Grand CouncilGrand Council councils powers- collect taxes, raise ancouncils powers- collect taxes, raise an

army & start new settlementsarmy & start new settlements

Colonial legislatures defeat planColonial legislatures defeat plan they did not want to give up control of they did not want to give up control of

their colonytheir colony

Who defeated Braddock?Who defeated Braddock?

British send Gen. Braddock & 2100 troops to British send Gen. Braddock & 2100 troops to recapture Fort Duquesne recapture Fort Duquesne

George Washington was with himGeorge Washington was with him

Attacked by 900 French & IndiansAttacked by 900 French & Indians

Braddock was killed along w/ 1000 troopsBraddock was killed along w/ 1000 troops

Colonists were stunnedColonists were stunned

How did the British take Quebec?How did the British take Quebec?

Secretary of State William Pitt sent best Secretary of State William Pitt sent best British generals to coloniesBritish generals to colonies

Borrowed Borrowed $$ to pay colonial troops late summer to pay colonial troops late summer of 1759 British attack of 1759 British attack New FranceNew France at its capital at its capital QuebecQuebec

Quebec surrenders to the BritishQuebec surrenders to the British

QuebecQuebec

Battle of Battle of QuebecQuebec was the was the turning pointturning point in the in the French & Indian WarFrench & Indian War

What was the Treaty of Pairs?What was the Treaty of Pairs?

SpainSpain made pact to help made pact to help FranceFrance but it was to but it was to latelate

The The Seven Year WarSeven Year War ended the British had ended the British had wonwon

Britain claimed all of Britain claimed all of North America North America east ofeast of the the Mississippi RiverMississippi River

Treaty of PairsTreaty of Pairs

France gave France gave New Orleans & LouisianaNew Orleans & Louisiana Territory to SpainTerritory to Spain

Britain exchanged w/ Spain, Cuba & Britain exchanged w/ Spain, Cuba & Philippines for Philippines for FloridaFlorida

Treaty ended French powerTreaty ended French power in North in North AmericaAmerica

What was Pontiac’s Rebellion?What was Pontiac’s Rebellion?

PontiacPontiac was an Ottawa war chief was an Ottawa war chief

British refused to provide supplies to Native British refused to provide supplies to Native Americans (NA)Americans (NA)

NA attacked settlers & destroyed FortsNA attacked settlers & destroyed Forts British colonists respond by attacking all British colonists respond by attacking all

IndiansIndians

To end To end ssiegeiege by Delaware Indians at by Delaware Indians at Fort PittFort Pitt the British gave the British gave small-pox infected blanketssmall-pox infected blankets to the Delawareto the Delaware

This started a Deadly outbreakThis started a Deadly outbreak

By fall NA retreated By fall NA retreated

British issue British issue Proclamation Act of 1763Proclamation Act of 1763

It forbid settlement It forbid settlement west west of the of the AppalachianAppalachian MountainsMountains

Colonist were angeredColonist were angered

British were angry because colonist did not British were angry because colonist did not want to help pay the want to help pay the war debtwar debt

This anger help This anger help causecause the the American American RevolutionRevolution

Lasting effectsLasting effects The results of the war effectively The results of the war effectively

ended French influence in North ended French influence in North America.America.

England gained massive amounts England gained massive amounts of land and vastly strengthened its of land and vastly strengthened its hold on the continent. hold on the continent.

The war hurt relationships The war hurt relationships between the English and Native between the English and Native Americans; Americans;

Lasting effectsLasting effects

French and Indian War” French and Indian War” played a major role in the played a major role in the worsening relationship worsening relationship between England and its between England and its colonies that colonies that

French and Indian War French and Indian War eventually led into the eventually led into the American Revolutionary War.American Revolutionary War.