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http://www.seipub.org/aee/paperInfo.aspx?ID=18338 The main purpose of this study is to explore the application in campus carbon reduction issues. According to campus energy consumption, the power monitoring system records basic information of electrical load about the campus air conditioning systems, lighting systems, thermal systems, and training equipment. The energy situation is observed, the data is analyzed, and then recommendations for improvement are suggested, in order to achieve energy conservation on campus.
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www.seipub.org/aee Advances in Energy Engineering (AEE) Volume 2, 2014
52
The Implementation of Effective Energy
Conservation Ping‐Huang Wu*1, Ching‐Zon Yen2, Tsung‐Han Wu3
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Tung Nan University, Taipei, Taiwan
2Department of Mathmatics and Information Education, National Taipei University of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
3Department of Computer Engineering, NYU‐poly, New York, USA
*[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to explore the application
in campus carbon reduction issues. According to campus
energy consumption, the power monitoring system records
basic information of electrical load about the campus air
conditioning systems, lighting systems, thermal systems,
and training equipment. The energy situation is observed,
the data is analyzed, and then recommendations for
improvement are suggested, in order to achieve energy
conservation on campus.
Keywords
Energy Conservation; Power Monitoring System
Introduction
Taiwan is a country with limited indigenous energy,
and its energy requirements force the country to rely
on foreign imports. Any fluctuations in energy prices
affect the nation’s industrial production,
transportation, commercial activities, and even the
costs of peopleʹs lives. Saving energy and reducing
carbon emissions, therefore, have been a necessary
and inevitable trend (Kamalapur and Udaykumar,
2009; Wei, Xiaodong and Wei, 2010). Schools must also
meet the government’s energy conservation policies
by implementing energy saving ideas. How to avoid
energy waste and reduce electricity costs are
important issues.
Taiwanʹs trade and industry has developed rapidly in
recent years, resulting in a significant increase in its
power consumption. The power system peak load of
167 GW (Giga Watt) in 1991 increased to 271 GW in
2002. With the recent economic growth, the annual
electricity consumption also increased, with stable
growth in the period of January to July 2011. The total
electricity supply grew 4.12% over the same period in
2012. On July 16, 2011 from 2 pm to 3 pm, due to
weather changes from high pressure to a hot, high
temperature, Taiwanʹs average hourly electricity
consumption of 33.13 GW, exceeded the July 7, 2010
record high of 33.02 GW at peak load (Taiwan Power
Company, 2014).
The month of electricity maximum required amount
sometimes exceeds the contracted capacity. The
following criteria will be collected in accordance with
the Taiwan Power Company tariff table (Electricity
Price Table, 2014), which provides the basic tariff.
When the Electricity consumption is exceeding the
contrast capacity below 10%, then the basic tariff
doubled. When the Electricity consumption is 10%
greater than the contract capacity, then basic tariff
tripled. The question is how to get high quality and
inexpensive electricity. That is the main objective
when automating power monitoring and management
system.
The application of a power monitoring system is able
to increase the level of information technology and
networking, so that the function of the power system
is no longer limited to simply supplying electricity.
Not only does this allow for immediate understanding
of the electricity situation, but it also provides a
variety of management and control services that can
be employed to enhance the overall energy usage. A
power monitoring system can also play an important
function in power demand control during peak
demand periods.
There are many vendors in the industry that can install
and maintain power monitoring systems, for example,
Shihlin Electric & Engineering Corporation (Shihlin
Electric & Engineering Corp., 2014), Nan Ya Plastics
Corporation (Nan Ya Plastics Corp., 2014), and KLD
Technology (KLD Company, 2014), for example. The
technology and talent, however, lacks some of the
relevant technical information, and very few school
textbooks can be used because almost none of the texts
provide the necessary information for technical and
Advances in Energy Engineering (AEE) Volume 2, 2014 www.seipub.org/aee
53
vocational institutions or suit the industry for
developing the relevant technical personnel to cope
with the needs of industry.
Under the limited speed of the development of
electrical energy, electrical energy conservation is even
more important when aiming to achieve energy
savings, which is very important when monitoring
electricity use. This study combines content,
communication, computer, and control (the 4Cs of
technology), in order to design and plan the
professional competence of power monitoring
programs and course materials.
Intelligent Power Monitoring System
In Tung Nan University, the intelligent power
monitoring and management system (Wu, Kuo, Wu
and Wu, 2007; Wu, Kuo, Yen and Wu, 2008) can be the
remotely controlled to monitor campus energy
consumption, effectively improve the efficiency of the
campus electricity, and save electricity costs. Energy
conservation is very useful. Monitoring the host
computer through the network communication system
can help to transmit electric power throughout the
campus to each building and substation devices with
multi‐function digital meters. The site data collection
hosts and other facilities administer each monitoring
point and collect quality and volume statistics of the
electricity in order to construct a web‐power
responsibility center management system. The system
functions are as follows:
(1)monitoring the power quality of the school, the total
electricity consumption, and the peak demand volume
and other conditions;
(2)using the control software to monitor the usage
statistics of campus energy and reporting database
management;
(3)ensuring that peak demand does not exceed the
contracted capacity in order to decrease surcharges;
(4)designing real‐time display bulletin board for
advocacy education and energy‐saving; and
(5)establishing a power control center.
The system monitoring screens are as shown in the
following figures. FIG. 1 shows the system’s home
page. FIG. 2 shows the system monitoring point. FIG.
3 shows the instant power value. And FIG. 4 shows
the demand map.
FIG. 1 SYSTEM HOME PAGE
FIG. 2 SYSTEM MONITORING POINT
FIG. 3 INSTANT POWER VA.LUE
FIG. 4 DEMAND MAP
The Specific Measurement of Energy Savings and Performance
From 2008 to 2013, the total amount of electricity
consumed decreased year by year (Information of
Electricity Consumed in Tung Nan University), as
shown in Table 1. For example, in 2009, the total
reduction was 324,400 KWH (4.4%) from 2008; in 2010
the reduction was 381,600 KWH (5.4%) from 2009; and
in 2011, the reduction was 296,800 KWH (4.4%) from
2010. The school has completed the specific energy
www.seipub.org/aee Advances in Energy Engineering (AEE) Volume 2, 2014
54
conservation measurement shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 TOTAL AMOUNT OF ELECTRICITY CONSUMED
Year Total amount of electricity consumed (KWH) 2008 7,382,000
2009 7,057,600
2010 6,676,000
2011 6,379,200
2012 6,252,000
2013 6,146,800
TABLE 2 SPECIFIC MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY CONSERVATION
Year Specific measurement
of energy conservation Description
2008
Substation Project Remove the excess off the
transformer to reduce the iron
loss of the transformers
2009
Build RFID air‐
conditioning energy‐
saving reader
Research and install RFID air‐
conditioning energy‐saving
reader 158 in classrooms; can
monitor and uninstall
Install replacement
lighting for T5 lamps
Begin using energy‐saving
lamps
2010
Establish campus
power monitoring
system
Increase energy efficiency,
reduce electricity costs
Library LED lighting
improvement
projects
Lighting usage is high in the
library; replace regular lights
with energy‐efficient LED lights
Implementation of air‐
conditioning energy
saving reader billing in
student dormitories
Effective energy conservation
and implement the principles of
user pay system
School contract capacity
optimization calculation
and cut
Apply for adjustment of contract
capacity cut from 2,200 KW to
1,900 KW; a basic tariff of
approximately 468,000 yuan can
be saved each year, accounting
for a total annual savings of
approximately 2.37%
2011
Campus power
monitoring system
improvement projects
Install new digital meter 32, for
each school building’s electricity
for high‐performance energy
management
Conclusions
According to the specific energy conservation
measurement completed in Tung Nan University, the
focus of this study was to establish carbon reduction
applied technology, supplemented by innovative
curriculum and teaching activities to achieve the goal
of fostering basic and technical personnel. With the
literature survey method and expert meetings
conducted during this study, along with the
curriculum content and teaching of design,
In the future, the research will develop a learning
motivation questionnaire, and study problem‐based
learning (Bhatti and McClellan, 2011) to enhance
campus power monitoring and energy‐saving
methods of teaching activities, training and teaching
materials.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The present work is partly supported by the National
Science Council of Taiwan under the contract No. NSC
98‐2511‐S‐236‐001.
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Information of Electricity Consumed in Tung Nan
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