The Middle ColoniesFounding and Life

Essential Questions – Middle Colonies

Why were the Middle Colonies founded?

How did the Middle Colonies differ from the New England Colonies?

Who were influential people in the Middle Colonies?

Vocabluary

Patroons: Proprietary Colony: Mercantilism: Import: Export: Legislature: Cash Crop: Tenant Farmer: Backcountry: Apprentice:

Middle Colonies - Location

New YorkFounding

Let’s start with New Netherland…

The Dutch East India Company ruled the colony

Governor had near absolute control

Land organized into manors owned by Patroons

New YorkFounding

Peter Stuyvesant… Very strict governor of New Netherland

Carried on costly wars with Indians

Had to surrender to the English in 1664

New YorkFounding

Under English rule…

King Charles gave New Netherland to his brother – the Duke of YORK

Ruled much like New Netherland

In 1683, New York has its own assembly

New JerseyFounding

The Duke’s gift… 1664 the Duke of York gave two friends part of New York

New Jersey is established as a proprietary colony

Proprietors… ran the colony as long as

they gave the king a yearly payment and accepted his authority

divided up the land and rented it

Made laws that were in line with English law

New JerseyFounding

Fertile land and freedom...

New Jersey occupied fertile land between the Delaware and Atlantic

People of many nations and religions settled in New Jersey

1702 New Jersey became a royal colony▪ Directly under the King’s

control New Jersey had a

charter that established▪ Religious freedom▪ An assembly that voted

PennsylvaniaFounding

A holy experiment…

In 1682, William Penn established Pennsylvania

The name means Penn’s woods

Established so Quakers could worship freely

PennsylvaniaFounding

The Quakers… Believed that all men

AND WOMEN were equal in God’s eyes

No need for church leaders

Would not pay taxes to Church of England

Against fancy parts of religion

Against war Persecuted in England

and New England Were tolerant of other

religions and people

PennsylvaniaFounding

Government… Penn wrote the Frame

of Government Explained how the

colony would be run A representative

assembly to make laws White men who owned

land or paid taxes could vote

Land should be bought from the Indians

PennsylvaniaFounding

Philadelphia… Capital of the

colony Means brotherly

love in Greek Built on the

Delaware river City was intended

to have fields, gardens, and parks

Grew into the most prosperous city in the English colonies

English Colonies

England’s purpose…

According to England the colonies might exist for… A place for discontents A test to see if it could

be successful To make money

Ultimately – THE COLONIES EXISTED TO FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE PARENT COUNTRY!!!Mercantilism

English Colonies

England passed the Navigation Acts Meant to enrich England Controlled trade with the

colonies Merchant ships had to be

from colonies or England Ships must stop in

England to pay taxes Sailors must be from

England or the colonies Certain goods could only

be sold in England Good and bad for colonies

Protecting their investment…