The Path to War

Kellogg Briand Pact

1928 – “General Treaty for the Renunciation of War” International Repudiates War Remains a binding treaty

What does this treaty reflect?

8 Steps to War: SCRAMCUP

Saar Valley

Conscription & Rearmament

Rhineland

Anchluss

Munich

Czechoslovakia

USSR/Nazi Pact (Non-Agression Pact)

Poland

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)SAAR PLEBISCITE

Saar Valley controlled by League of Nations   

1935 – Plebiscite Propaganda opportunity for

Hitler Results?

After plebiscite: Hitler said no more demands (from France)

First step to war.

SSaar

Plebiscite

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

CONSCRIPTION & REARMAMENT

1935 – Hitler reintroduced conscription

Violation of Treaty Britain & France react by…

CConscription

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

RHINELAND Treaty banned… 1936 - Germany

remilitarizes Rhineland France & Britain’s

reaction…

RRhineland

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

ANSCHLUSS (AUSTRIA) Anschluss = ‘Link Up’ Initially Hitler wants union Then… Invasion March 1938 Violates treaty France & Britain…

AAnschluss

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

MUNICH CONFERENCE Hitler demanded Sudetenland

Sudetenland = borders of Czechoslovakia, mainly inhabited by ethnic Germans

1938 First: Hitler demands union w/

Germany Second: Hitler plans invasion.

MMunich Conference

MUNICH CONFERENCEWHO?

Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Neville Chamberlin (PM of Great Britain) Eduoard Daladier (PM of France

At Munich Conference Lebensraum (‘living space’) – Hitler demands Sudetenland

Munich Pact Permits Nazi German annexation of Czechoslovakia's

Sudetenland. Hitler promised to go no further – no further territorial

expansion.Legacy Appeasement!!!!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YK0d8ENS__c

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1939 – Germany

invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia.

Britain outraged Begin to realize that war was

only method to stop Hitler.

CCzechoslovakia

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

USSR/NAZI PACT(Nazi Soviet Non-Aggression Pact) By ’39 Hitler wants to invade

Poland Fears repercussions

August 1939 – Germans & Russia agree not to

fight. Hitler wanted to prevent war with

Russia, Great Britain & France

UUSSR/Nazi

Pact

8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)

POLAND

Polish Corridor & Danzig 1939 –

First –Demanded union with Danzig Second - Hitler threatened war.

Chamberlain promised to protect Poles from German invasion

September 1, 1939 :: Hitler invaded Poland.

Great Britain & France declare war on Germany.

PPoland

Phony War

After the invasion of Poland until the Battle of France in May 1940 Lack of major military operations Declarations of war but no major attacks

US Responds to HitlerNeutrality Acts

1935 embargo on arms trade

1937 Cash & Carry: Quarantine Speech: "quarantining" all aggressors. “Moral embargo" on exports of aircraft to Japan.

1939 = Roosevelt Neutrality was ‘passive aid’ …but US remains neutral

End of U.S. Neutrality: Europe Lend-Lease Act – March 1941- US neutrality ends

U.S. to lend or give war materials to allied nations. German Submarine attacks = Shoot on Sight policy

End of U.S. Neutrality: EuropeThe Atlantic Conference (August

’41) Meeting: US (Roosevelt) & Great

Britain (Winston Churchill)

Atlantic Charter: Blueprint for post-war world. Outlines the goal for the Allies

Goals/Desires for Allied Powers1. No territorial gain from war

2. Self-determination of peoples

3. Live without want

4. General world security

End of U.S. Neutrality: Asia

Japan lacked natural resources To get resources = challenge European colonies

Eyed Dutch East Indies

August 1941: US oil embargo US had supplied 80% of Japanese oil imports Leads to Pearl Harbor attack

End of U.S. Neutrality: Asia

December 7th, 1941 - Empire of Japan attacked the US

Admiral Yamamoto: Planned attack Americans had 96 vessels at P.H. The attack took place in two waves

Began at 7:53, concluded by 9:55 Attack successful – Cripples US fleet

War!

December 8th, 1941 - US declares war on Japan

December 11th, 1941 – Germany & Italy declare war on US

U.S. responded with a declaration of war