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The Poultry Industry The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith Dr. Michael Smith

The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

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Page 1: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

The Poultry IndustryThe Poultry Industry

Dr. Michael SmithDr. Michael Smith

Page 2: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

U.S. Poultry IndustryU.S. Poultry Industry

Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Page 3: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

U.S. Poultry IndustryU.S. Poultry Industry Highly specialized and efficient set of Highly specialized and efficient set of

enterprises.enterprises. Leader in trends of industrialization in Leader in trends of industrialization in

agriculture over the last 50 years.agriculture over the last 50 years. Started on family farms in the Midwest – Started on family farms in the Midwest –

grain production plentiful.grain production plentiful. Broilers – small flocks; eggs – grocery money.Broilers – small flocks; eggs – grocery money. Spread to east coast – Maine & Delmarva Spread to east coast – Maine & Delmarva

CaliforniaCalifornia South – labor plentiful, inexpensive housing, South – labor plentiful, inexpensive housing,

mild climatemild climate

Page 4: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Commercial Production Commercial Production TodayToday

95% w/20,000 growers 95% w/20,000 growers 85% of eggs are produced by 2,000 85% of eggs are produced by 2,000

large companieslarge companies 20,000 growers provide 18% of 20,000 growers provide 18% of

productionproduction

Page 5: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance Poultry convert feedstuff to food efficiently. As Poultry convert feedstuff to food efficiently. As

indicated below, Boilers have the most favorable indicated below, Boilers have the most favorable PER and FC ratio.PER and FC ratio.

SpeciesSpecies Feed/ GrainFeed/ Grain

CattleCattle 6.5 – 7.9 6.5 – 7.9

SheepSheep 6.3 – 7.16.3 – 7.1

SwineSwine 3.1 – 3.9 3.1 – 3.9

BroilersBroilers 1.8 – 2.2 1.8 – 2.2

TurkeysTurkeys 2.5 – 3.2 2.5 – 3.2

Page 6: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance

Poultry industry is dynamicPoultry industry is dynamic Short period required for growth and Short period required for growth and

marketingmarketing Can adjust rapidly to changing economic Can adjust rapidly to changing economic

factors factors feed, availability, cost, number of birds on feed.feed, availability, cost, number of birds on feed.

Other livestock industries require longer Other livestock industries require longer length of time from birth to market (e.g. length of time from birth to market (e.g. cattle).cattle).

Page 7: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance

By-product feeds fed to poultry: By-product feeds fed to poultry: blood meal, fish meal, meat and blood meal, fish meal, meat and bone, distillers grains.bone, distillers grains.

Not used for human Not used for human consumptionconsumption

Page 8: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance

Layers provide a continuous source Layers provide a continuous source of food.of food.

Meat animals must be fed for a long Meat animals must be fed for a long period of time before a usable product is period of time before a usable product is obtained.obtained.

Layers produce several times its weight Layers produce several times its weight in eggs.in eggs.

Products from meat animals are Products from meat animals are restricted to final market weight.restricted to final market weight.

Page 9: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance

Vegetarians consume eggs.Vegetarians consume eggs.

In some countries meat eaters are the In some countries meat eaters are the minority.minority.

Religion.Religion. Egg consumption acceptable.Egg consumption acceptable.

Page 10: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance Poultry products are relatively Poultry products are relatively

inexpensive.inexpensive. Poultry meats are one of the best meat Poultry meats are one of the best meat

buys in the supermarket.buys in the supermarket.

Page 11: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

ImportanceImportance

Poultry manure as fertilizer. Poultry manure as fertilizer. Organic farmingOrganic farming Premium price?Premium price? Rich in Nitrogen and organic material.Rich in Nitrogen and organic material. By-product feed for ruminantsBy-product feed for ruminants

Page 12: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Present Status of the Present Status of the IndustryIndustry

Page 13: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/poulsci/techinfo/4Pst39.htm

Page 14: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Broiler ProductionBroiler Production

Page 15: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Broiler ProductionBroiler Production

Page 16: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Egg ProductionEgg Production

Page 17: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Egg ProductionEgg Production

Page 18: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Turkey ProductionTurkey Production

Page 19: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Turkey ProductionTurkey Production

Page 20: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Production FiguresProduction Figures

Page 21: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Production FiguresProduction Figures

Page 22: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Important that producers have a globalImportant that producers have a globalperspectiveperspective

Potential competitorsPotential competitors Potential marketsPotential markets

World Poultry DistributionWorld Poultry Distribution

Page 23: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

World Poultry DistributionWorld Poultry Distribution

Page 24: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Retail PriceRetail Price

WashingtoWashington n

D.C.D.C.

Mexico Mexico

CityCityParisParis RomeRome StockholStockhol

mmTokyoTokyo

BroilerBroilerss

1.031.03 .55.55 1.341.34 1.831.83 2.862.86 2.262.26

EggsEggs .77.77 .54.54 .84.84 1.291.29 2.302.30 1.741.74

Page 25: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Figure 1. Per Capita Consumption of Poultry Figure 1. Per Capita Consumption of Poultry in Canada and the United Statesin Canada and the United States

http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/pou4181

Page 26: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Future of the IndustryFuture of the Industry1.1. Increased biotechnology. Embrex InovojectIncreased biotechnology. Embrex Inovoject2.2. Increased mass production- year round Increased mass production- year round

availability of products.availability of products.3.3. More contract andMore contract and integrated production. Larger integrated production. Larger

integrators.integrators.4.4. Increased labor- saving device.Increased labor- saving device.5.5. Sustainable agriculture.Sustainable agriculture.6.6. Increased attention to poultry behavior and Increased attention to poultry behavior and

welfare.welfare.7.7. Increased food safety.Increased food safety.8.8. Increased quality of products.Increased quality of products.9.9. Increased consumption.Increased consumption.

Page 27: The Poultry Industry Dr. Michael Smith. U.S. Poultry Industry Broilers Broilers Eggs Eggs Turkey Turkey

Careers In PoultryCareers In Poultry

Visit Visit http://http://www.poultryscience.orgwww.poultryscience.org

/careers//careers/ http://www.poultrysolutions.com/jobshttp://www.poultrysolutions.com/jobs

/poucarer.htm/poucarer.htm http://www.msstate.edu/dept/poultry/http://www.msstate.edu/dept/poultry/

careers.htmcareers.htm