ReconstructionThe process after the Civil War to

rebuild the South and restore the

southern states to the Union

3 PlansLincoln’s PlanCalled 10% PlanAll Southerners, except high ranking civil and military leaders, would be pardoned after taking an oath of allegiance to the U.S.

State could form its own government and rejoin the Union after 10% of voters signed the oath

3 Plans

Called Wade-Davis PlanCreated in response to Northern desire to punish the South

Congressional Plan

•Said the South should be treated like a conquered country•Lincoln vetoed this plan

3 Plans

After Lincoln was assassinated, Andrew Johnson became President

Similar to Lincoln’s Plan

Johnson’s Plan

Requirements:1. States had to approve the 13th

Ammendment2. States had to nullify their

ordinances on secession3. States had to promise not to repay

those who had financed the Confederacy

Reconstruction Ammendments13th Ammendment made slavery illegal

14th Ammendment gave citizenship to the freedmen and gave all races equal protection of the law15th Ammendment gave all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, and previous condition of servitude

Reconstruction VocabularyFreedmen—newly freed slavesCarpetbaggers—Northerners who came South

to benefit from the ReconstructionScalawags—Southerners who supported the

Republicans and Reconstruction officialsCredit—ability to buy something now and pay

for it laterDisenfranchisement—taking voting rights

away from a groupBlack Codes—laws passed by Southerners to

restrict the rights of the freedmenSuffrage—right to vote

Freedmen’s Bureau•Created to help former slaves and poor whites with everyday problems •Gave them clothing, food, and other supplies (40 acres and a mule)•Headed by former Union General O.O. Howard

EducationFreedmen’s Bureau created schools (primary and industrial schools and teacher-training centers to train African-American teachers)

Northern Missionaries sent money and teachers to help

Georgia’s Atlanta UniversityMorehouse CollegeClark College

African-Americans in Politics1867—African-Americans voted for the first time in Georgia

Elected a Republican governor (did not have another Republican governor until

Sonny Perdue)Helped elect 32 African-Americans to the Georgia General Assembly

Union League—political organization created for African-American voters

African-Americans in Politics

Henry McNeal Turner was one of the newly elected General Assemblymen

African-Americans were only in office for about a year

Southerners claimed that they had the Constitutional right to vote but not to hold office

Ku Klux KlanOne of several secret organizations

created to prevent freedmen from exercising their new civil rights

Wore hoods and robes and terrorized and intimidated freedmen, Scalawags, and Carpetbaggers

Main goal was to return control of the Southern government to the Democrats

Prevented the mostly Republican freedmen from voting

Georgia Act of 1869Put Georgia back under martial law(military control) to decrease the activities of the KKK