The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim EmpiresBy: Rachel McClure

Muhammad Born in 570 into Quraysh tribe of Banu

Hashim Received revelations from Allah in 610

(later became Quaran) Umayyad nobles saw him as a threat Fled Mecca and established following in

Medina Victorious against attacking Quraysh

tribes- smashed idols of Mecca

Islam Five pillars-confessions of faith, pray facing Mecca

five times a day, fast during Ramadan, zakat, hajj to Mecca

Zakat emphasized giving to charity Umma was the community of faithful Muslims Muhammad was God’s prophet No method of choosing successors Sufis were mystics whose job was to convert

conquered lands to Islam

Sunni vs. Shi’ite Sunnis believed in the election of

the most capable leader (Umayyad and later Abbasid empire)

Shi’ites believed that leadership should be passed down within Muhammad’s family

Constant fighting, even to modern day

Bedouins Nomadic cultures in Arabian peninsula Goat and camel herders Founded Mecca Women treated almost equally- weren’t

allowed to be warriors but inheritance in some tribes was matrilineal

Organized into clans which united into tribes during war

Umayyad Split of Muslims after Muhammad’s

death Abu Bakr reunited Bedouin clans that

split War between Ali and Umayyads for

power- Ridda Wars Conquest for wealth and honor not

conversions Collapse of empire because of Abbasid

and Shi’ite rebellion

Abbasids Centralized government for equality for even

non Arab Muslims Mass conversions encouraged Reestablished Afro- Eurasian trade network

(Golden Age of Islamic Civilization) Succession disputes caused formation of

private armies- decentralization Buyids captured Baghdad in 945 Final collapse with assassination of final caliph

by Mongols in 1258

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Works Cited"Create Your Own Jeopardy Template Online." JeopardyLabs. Jeopardy Labs. Web. 23 Apr. 2012."Student Resources." World Civilizations: The Global Experience. Pearson, 2010. Web. 23 Apr. 2012.