The Role of Prophecy in The Role of Prophecy in Christian ApologeticsChristian Apologetics

John Oakes, PhDJohn Oakes, PhD

Apologetics Research Apologetics Research SocietySociety

9/6/089/6/08

OutlineOutline

Introduction to Prophecy as ApologeticsIntroduction to Prophecy as Apologetics Prophecies of the Near FutureProphecies of the Near Future Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled in the Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled in the

Old TestamentOld Testament Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled Between Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled Between

the Testamentsthe Testaments Daniel!!!Daniel!!!

Messianic PropheciesMessianic Prophecies Prophecies of the KingdomProphecies of the Kingdom Types, Prefigures and ForeshadowsTypes, Prefigures and Foreshadows

Required ReadingRequired Reading

Reasons For Belief chapters 4,5Reasons For Belief chapters 4,5

Daniel, Prophet to the Nations chapters 1,7-Daniel, Prophet to the Nations chapters 1,7-1313

From Shadow to RealityFrom Shadow to Reality

Extra Credit (on approval)Extra Credit (on approval)

Grading (if you are getting credit)Grading (if you are getting credit)

The Reading 30%The Reading 30%

Quiz 10%Quiz 10%

Exam 30%Exam 30%

Paper 30% A research paper of 5 or more Paper 30% A research paper of 5 or more pages on a special topic of your choice.pages on a special topic of your choice.

I. I. Introduction to Prophecy as Introduction to Prophecy as ApologeticsApologetics

Defending the FaithDefending the Faith

History and History and ArchaeologyArchaeology

How We Got the Bible How We Got the Bible (including response to (including response to form criticism, etc.)form criticism, etc.)

ScienceScience

Contradictions in the Contradictions in the BibleBible

Creating FaithCreating Faith

World ViewWorld View

ProphecyProphecy

Miracles/Miracles/ResurrectionResurrection

Claims of JesusClaims of Jesus

Prophecy as ApologeticsProphecy as Apologetics

Outline of Gospel Sermons in Acts:Outline of Gospel Sermons in Acts:

Jesus fulfilled the OT prophecies of the coming Jesus fulfilled the OT prophecies of the coming Messiah: He is the Messiah.Messiah: He is the Messiah.

Jesus worked undeniable public miracles: He is the Jesus worked undeniable public miracles: He is the Son of God.Son of God.

Jesus willingly died on the cross for OUR sins: He is Jesus willingly died on the cross for OUR sins: He is savior.savior.

Jesus was raised from the dead: Judgment is coming.Jesus was raised from the dead: Judgment is coming.

Repent and be baptized.Repent and be baptized.

The Biblical ProphetThe Biblical Prophet

One who announces the righteousness, the One who announces the righteousness, the justice and the love of God. He or she calls justice and the love of God. He or she calls people into a relationship with God through a call people into a relationship with God through a call to repentance. Their message was doom for the to repentance. Their message was doom for the unrepentant and grace and blessing for those unrepentant and grace and blessing for those who act justly and repent of their sin.who act justly and repent of their sin.

A forth-teller; thus says the Lord A forth-teller; thus says the Lord Aaron was Moses’ prophet.Aaron was Moses’ prophet.

For us: a fore-teller; a predictor of future events. For us: a fore-teller; a predictor of future events. Historical prophecy. Predictive prophecy. Historical prophecy. Predictive prophecy.

The Purpose of (Predictive) The Purpose of (Predictive) ProphecyProphecy

WarningWarning Jer 25:8-14, Deut 28:45-48 Deut 28:58fJer 25:8-14, Deut 28:45-48 Deut 28:58f

EncouragementEncouragement Deut 30:1-5 Daniel 7:26-27 Isaiah 2:2-4Deut 30:1-5 Daniel 7:26-27 Isaiah 2:2-4

To demonstrate that God is in control: God To demonstrate that God is in control: God Rules the NationsRules the Nations Daniel, RevelationDaniel, Revelation

Evidence of new revelation from God—that Evidence of new revelation from God—that what is said is inspired by God.what is said is inspired by God. Luke 24:44 Daniel 2:46-47Luke 24:44 Daniel 2:46-47

Other Prophets?Other Prophets?

Oracles of DelphiOracles of Delphi CroesusCroesus AlexanderAlexander

Nostradamus Henry IINostradamus Henry IIThe great man will be struck down in the day by a thunderbolt,The great man will be struck down in the day by a thunderbolt,

The evil deed predicted by the bearer of a petition:The evil deed predicted by the bearer of a petition:

According to the prediction, another falls at night,According to the prediction, another falls at night,

Conflict in Reims, London and pestilence in Tuscany (Century I Conflict in Reims, London and pestilence in Tuscany (Century I Quatrain 27)Quatrain 27)

Jean Dixon JFKJean Dixon JFK The pattern: Not terrifically surprising or very The pattern: Not terrifically surprising or very

vaguevague Islam?Islam?

Does a Prophecy Have a Unique Does a Prophecy Have a Unique Application?Application?

Isaiah 7:13-17 About Ahaz or Jesus?Isaiah 7:13-17 About Ahaz or Jesus?

Genesis 49:9-11 About Judah or Jesus?Genesis 49:9-11 About Judah or Jesus?

Ezekiel 11:16-20 About return from exile or the Ezekiel 11:16-20 About return from exile or the church?church?

Hosea 11:1 (Matthew 2:15) About Israel or about Hosea 11:1 (Matthew 2:15) About Israel or about Jesus?Jesus?

Matthew 24:4-44 About AD 70 or the return of Jesus?Matthew 24:4-44 About AD 70 or the return of Jesus?

Assignment: Analyze Zechariah 14 How does it Assignment: Analyze Zechariah 14 How does it apply?apply?

How to Interpret Prophecy?How to Interpret Prophecy?

Let History do that for us. After the factLet History do that for us. After the fact The ten toes in Daniel 2 are not the 10 countries of The ten toes in Daniel 2 are not the 10 countries of

the EUthe EU

Let the Bible do it for us. Let the Bible do it for us. Matthew 24:15 “spoken through the prophet Daniel”Matthew 24:15 “spoken through the prophet Daniel” Matthew 4:14-16 “Land of Zebulun and land of Matthew 4:14-16 “Land of Zebulun and land of

Naphtali”Naphtali” Matthew 2:6,15,17, 3:3 Bethlehem, Egypt, the desertMatthew 2:6,15,17, 3:3 Bethlehem, Egypt, the desert Matthew 12:39-41 The sign of JonahMatthew 12:39-41 The sign of Jonah Galatians 4:24 “These things can be taken Galatians 4:24 “These things can be taken

figuratively”figuratively”

The folly of interpreters has been, to foretell times and things, by this Prophecy, as if God designed to make them Prophets. By this rashness they have not only exposed themselves, but brought the Prophecy also into contempt. The design of God was much otherwise. He gave this and the Prophecies of the Old Testaments, not to gratify men's curiosities by enabling them to foreknow things, but that after they were fulfilled they might be interpreted by the event; and his own Providence, not the interpreters, be then manifested thereby to the world. For the event of things predicted many ages before, will then be a convincing argument that the world is governed by providence.[7]

Sir Isaac Newton

Old Testament Apologetics: Short Term Old Testament Apologetics: Short Term ProphecyProphecy

Deuteronomy 18:21-22Deuteronomy 18:21-22 ““You may say to yourselves, ‘How can we know when You may say to yourselves, ‘How can we know when

a message has not been spoken by the Lord?’ If what a message has not been spoken by the Lord?’ If what a prophet proclaims in the name of the Lord does not a prophet proclaims in the name of the Lord does not take place or come true, that is a message the Lord take place or come true, that is a message the Lord has not spoken. That prophet spoke presumptuously. has not spoken. That prophet spoke presumptuously. Do not be afraid of him. Do not be afraid of him.

But…. Deuteronomy 13:1-3But…. Deuteronomy 13:1-3 ……if the sign or wonder of which he spoke takes place, if the sign or wonder of which he spoke takes place,

and he says “Let us follow other gods…” you must and he says “Let us follow other gods…” you must not listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer.not listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer.

Short Term Prophecy: Proof of a Short Term Prophecy: Proof of a ProphetProphet

Presumably, most short term prophecies are Presumably, most short term prophecies are NOT recorded.NOT recorded.

1 Kings 20:28………..1 Kings 20:29-301 Kings 20:28………..1 Kings 20:29-30 1 Kings 20:36………..1 Kings 20:361 Kings 20:36………..1 Kings 20:36 1 Kings 21:19………..1 Kings 22:371 Kings 21:19………..1 Kings 22:37 1 Kings 21:23………..2 Kings 9:32-371 Kings 21:23………..2 Kings 9:32-37 1 Kings 22:1-28……...1 Kings 22:31-361 Kings 22:1-28……...1 Kings 22:31-36 2 Kings 7:1-2………...2 Kings 7:17-202 Kings 7:1-2………...2 Kings 7:17-20 2 Kings 19:5-7……….2 Kings 19:372 Kings 19:5-7……….2 Kings 19:37 Is 37:33-35, 2 Kings 19:32-34…..Is 37:36-37, Is 37:33-35, 2 Kings 19:32-34…..Is 37:36-37,

2 Kings 19:35-362 Kings 19:35-36

Short Term Prophecy (cont.)Short Term Prophecy (cont.)

Jeremiah 27:1-11……….2 Kings 25:1-7Jeremiah 27:1-11……….2 Kings 25:1-7 Jeremiah 28:1-16……….Jeremiah 28:17Jeremiah 28:1-16……….Jeremiah 28:17 Jeremiah 32:6-8, 42-44 Once more fields Jeremiah 32:6-8, 42-44 Once more fields

will be boughtwill be bought Daniel 4:24-27 You will be driven away from Daniel 4:24-27 You will be driven away from

people... Daniel 4:28-37 All this people... Daniel 4:28-37 All this happened to King Nebuchadnezzar.happened to King Nebuchadnezzar.

Acts 11:27-28 AgabusActs 11:27-28 Agabus

Jesus and Short Term PropheciesJesus and Short Term Prophecies

John 2:19 “Destroy this temple and I will raise it John 2:19 “Destroy this temple and I will raise it in three days.”in three days.”

Matthew 26:34 Before the rooster crows…. Matthew 26:34 Before the rooster crows…. Matthew26:74Matthew26:74

Acts 1:4-5 “In a few days you will be baptized Acts 1:4-5 “In a few days you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit.with the Holy Spirit.

Luke 21:20-24 “When you see Jerusalem Luke 21:20-24 “When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, you will know that its surrounded by armies, you will know that its desolation is near.”desolation is near.”

The Flight to PellaThe Flight to Pella

"The whole body, however, of the church at Jerusalem, "The whole body, however, of the church at Jerusalem, having been commanded by a divine revelation, given to having been commanded by a divine revelation, given to men of approved piety there before the war, removed men of approved piety there before the war, removed from the city, and dwelt at a certain town beyond the from the city, and dwelt at a certain town beyond the Jordan, called Pella. Here those that believed in Christ, Jordan, called Pella. Here those that believed in Christ, having removed from Jerusalem, as if holy men had having removed from Jerusalem, as if holy men had entirely abandoned the royal city itself, and the whole entirely abandoned the royal city itself, and the whole land of Judea; the divine justice, for their crimes against land of Judea; the divine justice, for their crimes against Christ and his apostles finally overtook them, totally Christ and his apostles finally overtook them, totally destroying the whole generation of these evildoers form destroying the whole generation of these evildoers form the earth. (Eusebius, 3:5.)the earth. (Eusebius, 3:5.)

"Now this sect of Nazarenes exists in Beroea in Coele-"Now this sect of Nazarenes exists in Beroea in Coele-Syria, and in Decapolis in the district of Pella, and in Syria, and in Decapolis in the district of Pella, and in Kochaba of Basanitis-- called Kohoraba in Hebrew. For Kochaba of Basanitis-- called Kohoraba in Hebrew. For thence it originated after the migration from Jerusalem thence it originated after the migration from Jerusalem of all the disciples who resided at Pella, Christ having of all the disciples who resided at Pella, Christ having instructed them to leave Jerusalem and retire from it on instructed them to leave Jerusalem and retire from it on account of the impending siege. It was owing to this account of the impending siege. It was owing to this counsel that they went away, as I have said, to reside for counsel that they went away, as I have said, to reside for a while at Pella" (a while at Pella" (HaerHaer 29:7). 29:7).

Old Testament Prophecies Being Old Testament Prophecies Being Fulfilled TodayFulfilled Today

Hmmm….. Can’t think of anyHmmm….. Can’t think of any

OT Prophecies Fulfilled in the OTOT Prophecies Fulfilled in the OT

Genesis 12:2-3,7Genesis 12:2-3,7 ““I will make you into a great nation.” “To your I will make you into a great nation.” “To your

offspring I will give this land.”offspring I will give this land.”

Genesis 15:4-5 Genesis 15:4-5 “… “… count the stars… so shall your offspring be”count the stars… so shall your offspring be”

Genesis 17:5-8Genesis 17:5-8 ““Father of many nations” Arabs [Ishmael], Edom [Esau], Father of many nations” Arabs [Ishmael], Edom [Esau],

IsraelIsrael ““I will establish an everlasting covenant between me and I will establish an everlasting covenant between me and

you”you” ““The whole land of Canaan… as an everlasting The whole land of Canaan… as an everlasting

possession.possession.

Genesis 49 (the whole thing!)Genesis 49 (the whole thing!)

Genesis 49:8-11Genesis 49:8-11Judah, your brothers will praise you;Judah, your brothers will praise you;

Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies;Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies;

Your father’s sons will bow down to youYour father’s sons will bow down to you

The scepter will not depart from Judah,The scepter will not depart from Judah,

Nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,Nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,

Until he comes to whom it belongsUntil he comes to whom it belongs

And the obedience of the nations is his.And the obedience of the nations is his.

He will tether his donkey to a vine,He will tether his donkey to a vine,

His colt to the choicest branchHis colt to the choicest branch

He will wash his garments in wine,He will wash his garments in wine,

His robes in the blood of grapes.His robes in the blood of grapes.

Deuteronomy 28, 30Deuteronomy 28, 30 28:36-37 “The Lord will drive you and the king you set 28:36-37 “The Lord will drive you and the king you set

over you to a nation unknown to you or your fathers. over you to a nation unknown to you or your fathers. There you will worship other gods, gods of wood and There you will worship other gods, gods of wood and stone. You will become a thing of horror and an object stone. You will become a thing of horror and an object of scorn and ridicule to all the nations where the Lord of scorn and ridicule to all the nations where the Lord will drive you.”will drive you.”

28:49-57 28:49-57 Lamentations 4:10 With their own hands compassionate Lamentations 4:10 With their own hands compassionate

women have cooked their own children, who became their women have cooked their own children, who became their food when my people were destroyed.food when my people were destroyed.

28:64,68 The Lord will scatter you among all nations. 28:64,68 The Lord will scatter you among all nations. The Lord will send you back in ships to EgyptThe Lord will send you back in ships to Egypt

30:3-5 The Lord will… gather you again from all the 30:3-5 The Lord will… gather you again from all the nations where he scattered you.nations where he scattered you.

Joshua 6:26 He who rebuilds Jericho will do so Joshua 6:26 He who rebuilds Jericho will do so at the cost of his firstborn and his youngest son. at the cost of his firstborn and his youngest son. ……. 1 Kings16:34……. 1 Kings16:34

Isaiah 39:3-7 and 2 Kings 20:16-18Isaiah 39:3-7 and 2 Kings 20:16-18Fulfilled in Daniel 1:3-7 Daniel, Shadrach, Fulfilled in Daniel 1:3-7 Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach and AbednegoMeshach and Abednego

Jeremiah 25:8-14Jeremiah 25:8-14 ““I will summon Nebuchadnezzar…I will banish from I will summon Nebuchadnezzar…I will banish from

them the sounds of joy… This whole country…. will serve them the sounds of joy… This whole country…. will serve the king of Babylon seventy years. But when the seventy the king of Babylon seventy years. But when the seventy years are fulfilled, I will punish the king of Babylon.years are fulfilled, I will punish the king of Babylon.

Daniel 5Daniel 5 Jeremiah 29:8-14Jeremiah 29:8-14

When 70 years are completed for Babylon… I will gather When 70 years are completed for Babylon… I will gather you from all the nations and places where I have you from all the nations and places where I have banished you.banished you.

70 years Daniel 9:1-270 years Daniel 9:1-2 605 BC to 536 BC Captives taken….Captives return605 BC to 536 BC Captives taken….Captives return 586 BC to 516 BC Temple destroyed….. Temple 586 BC to 516 BC Temple destroyed….. Temple

rebuiltrebuilt

Isaiah 44:28-45:7, 13 About 730 Isaiah 44:28-45:7, 13 About 730 BCBC

Who says of Cyrus, ‘He is my shepherd…Who says of Cyrus, ‘He is my shepherd…He will say to Jerusalem, “Let it be rebuilt.”He will say to Jerusalem, “Let it be rebuilt.”And of the temple, “Let its foundations be laid.”And of the temple, “Let its foundations be laid.”This is what the Lord says to This is what the Lord says to his annointedhis annointedto Cyrus, whose right hand I take hold ofto Cyrus, whose right hand I take hold ofto subdue nations before him…to subdue nations before him…to open doors before him so that gates will not shut…to open doors before him so that gates will not shut………I call you by name and bestow on you a title of I call you by name and bestow on you a title of

honorhonorthough you do not acknowledge me….though you do not acknowledge me….I will raise up Cyrus in my righteousnessI will raise up Cyrus in my righteousnessI will make all his ways straightI will make all his ways straightHe will rebuild my city and set my exiles free.He will rebuild my city and set my exiles free.

Fulfilled in 2 Chron 36:23 538 BC War of 1812Fulfilled in 2 Chron 36:23 538 BC War of 1812

The Cyrus Cyllinder: Fulfilling Isaiah The Cyrus Cyllinder: Fulfilling Isaiah 44:2844:28

…I returned to [these] sacred cities on the other side of the Tigris, the sanctuaries of which have been in ruins for a long time, the images which [used] to live therein and established for them permanent sanctuaries. I [also] gathered all their [former] inhabitants and returned [to them] their habitations. Furthermore, I resettled upon the command of Marduk the great lord, all the gods of Sumer and Akkad whom Nabonidus has brought into Babylon to the anger of the lord of the gods, unharmed, in their [former] chapels, the places which made them happy. May all the gods whom I have resettled in their sacred cities ask daily Bel and Nebo for long life for me and may they recommend me…to Marduk, my lord, may they say thus: Cyrus, the king who worships you and Cambyses, his son…all of them I settled in a peaceful place.

Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled Old Testament Prophecies Fulfilled Between the TestamentsBetween the Testaments

Ezekiel 26:3-14 Tyre.Ezekiel 26:3-14 Tyre. v. 3 I will bring many nations against youv. 3 I will bring many nations against you v. 4 I will scrape away her rubble and make her a v. 4 I will scrape away her rubble and make her a

bare rock.bare rock. v. 5 She will become a place to spread fishnets.v. 5 She will become a place to spread fishnets. v. 6 Her settlements on the mainland will be v. 6 Her settlements on the mainland will be

ravaged by the sword.ravaged by the sword. v. 7 (specifically) Nebuchadnezzar will do this.v. 7 (specifically) Nebuchadnezzar will do this. v. 12 They will… throw your stones, timber and v. 12 They will… throw your stones, timber and

rubble into the sea.rubble into the sea. v. 14 It will never be rebuiltv. 14 It will never be rebuilt

Fulfillment of Ezekiel 26Fulfillment of Ezekiel 26

Nebuchadnezzar takes Nebuchadnezzar takes mainland Tyre onlymainland Tyre only after a siege of 13 years 586-573 BCafter a siege of 13 years 586-573 BC

Alexander attacks Tyre in 332 BC, building a Alexander attacks Tyre in 332 BC, building a causeway to the island of Tyre using the rubble causeway to the island of Tyre using the rubble from Old Tyre.from Old Tyre.

Tyre attached again and again by Seleucids, Tyre attached again and again by Seleucids, Romans, Arabs, Crusaders, finally ceasing to Romans, Arabs, Crusaders, finally ceasing to exist as a city on the original site.exist as a city on the original site.

Site of Ancient Tyre Today

TyreTyre

Secular historian Philip Myers in his Secular historian Philip Myers in his history textbook:history textbook:

““Alexander the Great reduced it [Tyre] Alexander the Great reduced it [Tyre] to ruins. She recovered in a measure to ruins. She recovered in a measure from this blow, but never regained the from this blow, but never regained the place she had previously held in the place she had previously held in the world. The larger part of the site of world. The larger part of the site of the once great city is no bare as the the once great city is no bare as the top of a rock—a place where the top of a rock—a place where the fishermen that still frequent the spot fishermen that still frequent the spot spread their nets to dry.”spread their nets to dry.”

Daniel, Prophet Daniel, Prophet to the Nationsto the Nations

Theme of Daniel:Theme of Daniel:

God Rules the Nations: Do Not Fear!God Rules the Nations: Do Not Fear!

Message of DanielMessage of Daniel::

Stay Righteous in an Unrighteous WorldStay Righteous in an Unrighteous World God is in Control!God is in Control!

Very Brief Outline of DanielVery Brief Outline of Daniel

Practical examples in the lives of Daniel, Practical examples in the lives of Daniel, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego: how to Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego: how to remain righteous in an unrighteous world. remain righteous in an unrighteous world. Ch 1, 3-6Ch 1, 3-6

Prophecies of the future: God Rules the Prophecies of the future: God Rules the Nations Ch 2, 7-12Nations Ch 2, 7-12

Historical BackgroundHistorical Background

722 BC Northern Kingdom Destroyed by Assyria722 BC Northern Kingdom Destroyed by Assyria 605 BC Nubuchadnezzar (Bablyon) enters Judah, taking 605 BC Nubuchadnezzar (Bablyon) enters Judah, taking

tribute and hostages (DSM&A)tribute and hostages (DSM&A) 586 BC Zedekiah rebels, Nebuchadnezar destroys 586 BC Zedekiah rebels, Nebuchadnezar destroys

Jerusalem and the templeJerusalem and the temple 538 BC Cyrus takes Babylon, Persians/Medes take control 538 BC Cyrus takes Babylon, Persians/Medes take control

of Babylon and Judea.of Babylon and Judea. 536 BC Captives return to Judea and Jerusalem.536 BC Captives return to Judea and Jerusalem. 334-332 BC Alexander destroys and conquers Persian 334-332 BC Alexander destroys and conquers Persian

EmpireEmpire 185-163 BC Antiochus Epiphanes, Seleucid Emperor, rules 185-163 BC Antiochus Epiphanes, Seleucid Emperor, rules

over Jerusalem. Great persecutions.over Jerusalem. Great persecutions. 167 BC Temple desecrated167 BC Temple desecrated 164 BC Temple rededicated by Macabeean leaders.164 BC Temple rededicated by Macabeean leaders.

Historical Background (cont.)Historical Background (cont.)

Battle of Actium 31 BC Ptolemaic Greek power destroyedBattle of Actium 31 BC Ptolemaic Greek power destroyed 6 BC Birth of Jesus6 BC Birth of Jesus AD 30 Crucifixion and resurrection of JesusAD 30 Crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus AD 70 Destruction of Jerusalem by TitusAD 70 Destruction of Jerusalem by Titus AD 81-96 Domitian, emperor of RomeAD 81-96 Domitian, emperor of Rome AD 395 Final division of Rome into East and WestAD 395 Final division of Rome into East and West AD 476 Last emperor of Western RomeAD 476 Last emperor of Western Rome AD 1453 Byzantium (Eastern Rome) taken by OttomansAD 1453 Byzantium (Eastern Rome) taken by Ottomans AD 2014 Jesus comes back to rule in JerusalemAD 2014 Jesus comes back to rule in Jerusalem

Babylonian Empire c. 1750 BC and c. 600 BC 

 

Achaemenid Persian/Median Empire at its Height c. 450 BC 

Alexander the Great Empire Nations c. 330 BC

Daniel Chapter ThreeDaniel Chapter Three

Righteousness in a religious context: Standing Righteousness in a religious context: Standing up for God and for the truthup for God and for the truth

The fires of persecution.The fires of persecution.

““I will bow my head, but not my heart.”I will bow my head, but not my heart.”

What would you have done?What would you have done?

App’n: Persecution of DiocletianApp’n: Persecution of Diocletian

 

  

 

Part of the Part of the StatueStatue

NationNation

Head of GoldHead of Gold BabylonBabylon

Chest of SilverChest of Silver Persia/Media Persia/Media (539 BC)(539 BC)

Belly of BronzeBelly of Bronze Greece (331 BC)Greece (331 BC)

Legs of IronLegs of Iron Rome (31 BC)Rome (31 BC)

Daniel Chapter Two:Nebuchadnezzar’s Vision of a Great Statue

Babylon

Persia/Media

Greece

Rome: A divided kingdom

Daniel 7: Ten Horns and a Little Horn

 

The First Eleven Emperors of Rome

Emperor Dates of Rule Significance to Biblical Events

Augustus 27 BC-14 AD Birth of Christ

Tiberius 14 AD-37 AD Crucifixion of Christ

Gaius (Caligula)

37 AD-41 AD  

Claudius 41 AD-54 AD Jews Exiled from Rome

Nero 54 AD-68 AD First persecutions, Execution of Paul and Peter

Galba 68 AD-69 AD One of the three overcome by Vespasian

Otho 69 AD-70 AD One of the three…

Vitellius 69 AD-70 AD One of the three…

Vespasian 69 AD-79 AD Attack on Jerusalem

Titus 79 AD-81 AD The general who destroyed Jerusalem

Domitian 81 AD-96 AD First Systematic Persecutor of the Church

Domitian (c. 81-96 AD)

Ancient Susa and the Ulai Canal

Daniel Chapter Eight: A Ram and a Goat

Alexander the Great

The Four Horns of Daniel Eight

Horn (King) Territory Ruled

Antigonus The East. From Syria to India.

Cassander The West. Macedonia and Greece.

Lysimachus The North. Thrace and Asia Minor.

Ptolemy The South. Egypt and Palestine.

Daniel 8: The Abomination of Desolation 

Daniel Chaper Nine: The Messiah Daniel Chaper Nine: The Messiah Comes to JerusalemComes to Jerusalem

Seventy sevens = 490 yearsSeventy sevens = 490 years

The decree to restore and rebuild JerusalemThe decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem

Ezra 7:13-16 458 BCEzra 7:13-16 458 BC

458 - 490 = AD 32458 - 490 = AD 32

No…… (no zero BC) = AD 33No…… (no zero BC) = AD 33

Romans Taking Spoils of Jerusalem from the Arch of Titus, Rome, c. 81 AD

  

Roman General and Emperor Titus who destroyed Jerusalem in AD 70

 

The Kings of the South and the Kings of the North in Daniel Eleven

Kings of the South Kings of the North Daniel 11 Verse

Ptolemy I 323-283 BC Seleucus I Nicator 321-282 BC

Daniel 11:5

Ptolemy II Philadelphus 283-247 BC

Antiochus I Soter 280-261 BC

Daniel 11:6

  Antiochus II Theos 261-246 BC

Daniel 11:6

Ptolemy III Eugertes 247-221 BC

Seleucus II Callinicus 246-226 BC

Daniel 11:7,8

  Seleucus III Soter 226-223 BC

Daniel 11:8

Ptolemy IV Philopator 221-203 BC

Antiochus III “The Great” 223-187 BC

Daniel 11:9-19

Ptolemy V Epiphanes 203-181

BCSeleucus IV Philopator 187-175 BC

Daniel 11:20

Ptolemy VI Philometor 180-146 BC

Antiochus IV Epiphanes 175-164 BC

Daniel 11:21-35

  Antiochus V Eupator 164-162 BC

 

Daniel 11:36-45Daniel 11:36-45The Final End of the Greek The Final End of the Greek

KingdomsKingdoms

http://www.livius.orghttp://www.livius.org//

Bust of Octavian/Augustus as high priest. Museo Nacional de Arte Romano,

Marc Antony (Museum of Fine Art, Budapest)

Cleopatra (Altes Museum, Berlin)

The Theme of Daniel ElevenThe Theme of Daniel Eleven

Those who are wise will instruct many, though Those who are wise will instruct many, though for a time they will fall by the sword or be for a time they will fall by the sword or be burned or captured or plundered. When they burned or captured or plundered. When they fall, they will receive a little help, and many who fall, they will receive a little help, and many who are not sincere will join them. Some of the wise are not sincere will join them. Some of the wise will stumble, so that they may be will stumble, so that they may be refined, refined, purified and made spotlesspurified and made spotless until the time of until the time of the end, for it will come at the appointed time. the end, for it will come at the appointed time. 11:33-3511:33-35

Daniel Chapter Twelve: The Time Daniel Chapter Twelve: The Time of the Endof the End

Those who are wise will shine like the brightness of Those who are wise will shine like the brightness of the heavens, and those who lead many to the heavens, and those who lead many to righteousness, like the stars for ever and ever.righteousness, like the stars for ever and ever.

Daniel 12:3-4Daniel 12:3-4

Questions?Questions?

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