The Thirteen EnglishThe Thirteen English ColoniesColonies

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

Why colonize the New Why colonize the New World?World?

Opportunities to make a livingOpportunities to make a living Religious freedomReligious freedom Avoid tyrannyAvoid tyranny Climate favorable to EnglishmenClimate favorable to Englishmen

How will the colonies be How will the colonies be financed (paid for) and financed (paid for) and

organized?organized? Joint stock company Joint stock company – formed by a – formed by a group of wealthy businessmen who group of wealthy businessmen who apply to the King for a charter to apply to the King for a charter to settle a colony. (Jamestown, settle a colony. (Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay)Massachusetts Bay)

Proprietary colony Proprietary colony – The king gives – The king gives land to a loyal subject or friend to land to a loyal subject or friend to start a colony (Pennsylvania, North start a colony (Pennsylvania, North Carolina)Carolina)

Royal colony Royal colony – the king appoints a – the king appoints a governor who controls the colony governor who controls the colony for him. (all colonies would become for him. (all colonies would become royal colonies by the start of the royal colonies by the start of the revolution)revolution)

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

Massachusetts Massachusetts (1620)(1620)

Rhode Island Rhode Island (1636)(1636)

Connecticut (1636)Connecticut (1636) New Hampshire New Hampshire

(1638)(1638)

New England ColoniesNew England ColoniesColonyColony DatDat

eeFounderFounder ReasonsReasons ImportancImportanc

eePlymouthPlymouth

MA BayMA Bay

MAMA

16216200

16316300

PilgrimsPilgrims

PuritansPuritans

Religious Religious freedomfreedom

Religious Religious freedom (freedom (City City on a Hillon a Hill))

Mayflower Mayflower CompactCompact

RepresentatRepresentative govt.-ive govt.-General General CourtCourt

New New HampshirHampshiree

16216233

John John Mason, Mason, Sir F. Sir F. GorgesGorges

Religion, profit Religion, profit from trade from trade and fishingand fishing

MA MA colonists colonists moved in moved in areaarea

ConnecticConnecticutut

16316366

Thomas Thomas HookerHooker

Religion & Religion & political political freedom freedom limited govt. limited govt.

FundamentFundamental Orders of al Orders of CTCT

Rhode Rhode IslandIsland

16316366

Roger Roger WilliamsWilliams

Religious Religious tolerancetolerance

Separates Separates church and church and statestate

New EnglandNew England The New England The New England

colonies based colonies based their economy their economy mostly on trade mostly on trade and shipping. It and shipping. It was also supported was also supported by fishing, lumber, by fishing, lumber, manufacturing, manufacturing, and some and some agriculture. agriculture.

The New England The New England area was covered area was covered with forest, the with forest, the soil was thin and soil was thin and rocky. The area rocky. The area has long, cold has long, cold winters and short winters and short growing seasons. growing seasons.

The Middle ColoniesThe Middle Colonies New York New York

(1626)(1626) Delaware Delaware

(1638)(1638) New Jersey New Jersey

(1664)(1664) Pennsylvania Pennsylvania

(1682)(1682)

Middle ColoniesMiddle ColoniesColonyColony DatDat

eeFoundeFounde

rrReasonReason ImportancImportanc

eeNew New NetherlandNetherlandss

New YorkNew York

16216244

16616644

DutchDutch

Duke of Duke of YorkYork

Trade, Trade, religious religious freedomfreedom

Trade Trade

Diverse Diverse populationpopulation

DelawareDelaware 16316388

16616644

16816822

SwedesSwedes

EnglishEnglish

W PennW Penn

TradeTrade

Seized by Seized by rivalrival

Known as Known as lower lower countiescounties

Provide PN Provide PN a coastline a coastline

New JerseyNew Jersey 16616644

Lord Lord Berkeley, Berkeley, Sir Sir CarteretCarteret

Trade, Trade, religious and religious and political political freedomfreedom

Religion and Religion and assembly assembly rightsrights

PennsylvanPennsylvaniaia

16816822

W PennW Penn Religious and Religious and political political freedomfreedom

Diverse Diverse populationpopulation

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies The economy of the The economy of the

Middle Colonies was a Middle Colonies was a mixture of agriculture mixture of agriculture and commerce – they and commerce – they were the middle man were the middle man between the Southern between the Southern and New England and New England colonies. They colonies. They became known as the became known as the “Bread Basket” “Bread Basket” coloniescolonies

The Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies has fertile soil, has fertile soil, temperate climate temperate climate with longer growing with longer growing seasons seasons

Results-some large Results-some large estates; large family estates; large family farms with indentured farms with indentured servants, little slavery servants, little slavery except in Delaware’s except in Delaware’s tobacco plantations. tobacco plantations.

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies Virginia Virginia

(Jamestown – (Jamestown – 1607)1607)

Maryland (1633)Maryland (1633) North Carolina North Carolina

(1653)(1653) South Carolina South Carolina

(1663)(1663) Georgia (1732)Georgia (1732)

Southern ColoniesSouthern ColoniesColonyColony DateDate FounderFounder ReasonReason ImportanceImportance

JamestownJamestown

VirginiaVirginia16016077

16216244

VA Co of VA Co of LondonLondon

Trade, Trade, farming, farming, land, moneyland, money

Rolfe-tobaccoRolfe-tobaccoHouse of House of BurgessesBurgesses (1(1stst Representative Representative Assembly in North Assembly in North America)America)

MarylandMaryland 16316322

Lord Lord BaltimoreBaltimore

Religious Religious and political and political freedomfreedom

Elected Elected assembly; Act assembly; Act of Tolerationof Toleration

CarolinasCarolinas

N N CarolinaCarolina

S S CarolinaCarolina

16616633

17117122

17217299

Eight Eight ProprietorProprietorss

Royal Royal colonycolony

Trade, Trade, farming farming religionreligion

African slavesAfrican slaves

RepresentativRepresentative assembliese assemblies

GeorgiaGeorgia 17317322

James James OglethorpOglethorpee

Haven for Haven for prisoners prisoners and debtors; and debtors; buffer for buffer for Spanish FLSpanish FL

Slavery and Slavery and plantationsplantations

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies The Southern The Southern

Colonies’ Colonies’ economy was economy was based on the based on the sale of crops to sale of crops to the other the other colonies and colonies and England.England.

Fertile soil; mild Fertile soil; mild winters with long winters with long growing season; growing season; lots of waterways lots of waterways for transportationfor transportation

Most farms were Most farms were small and worked small and worked by families; by families; plantations with plantations with hundreds of slaveshundreds of slaves

Triangular TradeTriangular TradeThe colonies engaged in a trading The colonies engaged in a trading system called “Triangular Trade.”system called “Triangular Trade.”

The Middle PassageThe Middle Passage A particularly harsh A particularly harsh

part of the slaves part of the slaves experience, the experience, the middle passage middle passage was the voyage was the voyage across the Atlantic across the Atlantic Ocean on a slave Ocean on a slave ship. This led to ship. This led to African Diaspora.African Diaspora.

Political life in colonial North Political life in colonial North AmericaAmerica

Political life in the colonies was based Political life in the colonies was based on self-government in England on self-government in England (Parliament)(Parliament)

Town meetings, where people met to Town meetings, where people met to discuss and vote on local matters, were discuss and vote on local matters, were an important part of the democratic an important part of the democratic process (direct democracy).process (direct democracy).

The colonial governor was usually The colonial governor was usually appointed by the king.appointed by the king.