8/3/2019 The Very Nature of the Strong Nuclear Force
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The very nature of the strongnuclear force
The four forces of nature
Like the four musketeers, it is usually assmed that there exists
four
forces gravitation, electromagnetc, strong, feeble. The first
two, known
since more than two centuries satisfy the Coulomb law, in 1/r.
The last
two have been imagined during the twentieth century by
nuclear
physicists. The weak force has been unified with
electromagnetism: it
may be entirely electromagnetic The strong force, varies from 10
to
1000 times stronger than the electromagnetic interaction,
depending on
the author. The laws of the strong and weak forces are still
unknown.
Their fundamental physical constants, sometimes assumed to vary,
are
inexistent in the tables of physical constants such as the
Handbook of
Chemistry and Physics.
The origin of the strong force
Bohr solved the problem of the atom two years after Rutherford
found
the atomic nucleus. The shell model was imagined by analogy with
the
Bohr model of the hydrogen atom. One century later, a coherent
theory
of the nucleus is still inexistent: nuclear physics seem to be
in a dead
end. The fundamental constants of the nuclear interaction such
as thecoupling constant are still missing in the "Handbook of
Chemistry and
Physics" and most tables of physical constants.
The reason of this long unsuccessful research by thousands
of
distinguished scientists comes from the belief that the nucleus
behaves
like the atom. The nucleus contains no predominant central
particle, no
nucleus around which the nucleons may orbite. Therefore the
angular
momentum is undefined. With an orbital movement, the deuteron
is
comparable to binary stars whose stability is questionable.
The proton contains the same charge as the electron but of
opposite
sign. The not so neutral neutron contains electric charges with
no net
charge. The intrinsic spin generates the proton and neutron
magnetic
moments by the rotation of their electric charges. For the sake
of
simplicity, let us consider the simplest nucleus, the deuteron,
made of
one proton and one neutron. The resulting magnetic moment is
roughly
the difference between the magnetic moments of the proton and
the
neutron. By reason of symmetry they have to be collinear and
not
orbiting like two collinear and opposite magnets repulsing
themselves.
This is the magnetic part of the deuteron potential.
The so-called strong force was imagined only to equilibrate
the
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