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Unit 5 - Emergence of Modern U.S.

Lecture # 6

Theodore Roosevelt’s Reforms

and Progressive ReformsAZState Sdn S1C7PO3-C

Created by SMHS Staff 2/1/08

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Objective:

• Analyze events which caused a

transformation of the U.S.

during late 19th/early 20th

centuries

–Teddy Roosevelt

–Progressive movement

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I. Progressive Reformers

• Concern: corruption in

government.

• Worked to solve problems

• Wanted to regulate industries.

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II. Teddy’s Reforms

• Sherman Antitrust Act-

outlawed any combination of

companies that restrained

trade or commerce.

• Enforcer- Roosevelt-Trust

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Cont Teddy’s Reforms

• Not anti-business.

• Believed business should be

supervised and controlled.

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III. Teddy’s Conservation Projects

• Reserved 200 million acres for

national forests, mineral reserves,

and water projects.

• Ex: Grand Canyon -1st national

monument.

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Cont Teddy’s Conservation Projects

• The National Reclamation Act-money from sale of public lands used to build irrigation systems in arid states.

• Ex: Salt River Project AZ

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IV. 16th Amendment

• National Income Tax- Congress

has power to lay and collect taxes

on incomes.

• Pres. Taft –needed to replace

money lost by reduction in tariffs.

• Thought Supreme Court would

reject law so amend constitution.

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V. Direct Election of Senators

• Before 1930 State Legislatures

elected senators

• Corruption & bribery by

special interest groups.

• 17th Amendment, requiring

direct election of senators by

people.

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VII. Prohibition 18th Amendment

• Prohibiting the manufacture, sale and transportation of liquor.

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VIII. Women’s Suffrage

• 19th Amendment- right to vote

not denied on account of sex.

Suffragists picketing in front of the White House. Harris & Ewing. 1917.

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IX. Progressives (Arizona)

• AZ Constitution gave citizens powers

to pass laws or remove people from

office.

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X. Initiative

• Power of citizens to propose

and enact laws.

• Proposition placed on election

ballot by petition signed by voters.

• Ex: The cardinal stadium.

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XI. Referendum

• Citizens can approving or

disapproving passed laws.

• After signing petition, law will be

approved/rejected by citizens.

Usually amend Constitution.

• Ex: Alternative Fuel.

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XII. Recall

• Power of citizens to remove

officials from office.

• Ex: Governor Mecham