Tinh Dau Hoi

7/27/2019 Tinh Dau Hoi

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THIT K, CH TO H THNG THIT B CHNG CT TINH DU HIQUY M NH

Nguyn Vn Dng, V Th Hong PhngTrung tm Nghin cu Lm c sn

TM TTNhm tng bc hon thin cng ngh ch bin v nng cao gi tr kinh t ca cy Hi,

mt loi cy LSNG hin ang c gy trng v pht trin mnh mt s tnh bin gii phaBc, ti Thit k, ch to v chuyn giao h thng chng ct tinh du Hi quy m nh ch to, lp t v chy kho nghim thnh cng h thng thit b chng ct tinh du Hi ti xYn Phc, huyn Vn Quan, tnh Lng Sn. Cng sut 300kg nguyn liu kh/m. Trn c skthp k thut chng ct tinh du truyn thng vi nhng tin b v k thut lm lnh v phn lytinh du, thit b chng ct do ti thit k v ch to thu c nhng kt qu kh quan, hnch tht thot sn phm, nng cao cht lng tinh du v tit kim nhin liu. Qua chy thnghim, mi m chng ct mang li cho ngi sn xut 1.850.000 ng tin li.

H thng thit b c nhng tnh nng v thng s k thut c bn sau:- Nguyn l hot ng: Chng ct bng nc c hi lu dch ngng;- L t: xy bng gch chu la v xi mng chu nhit; dm l bng thp C20; c 2 b

ghi l bng gang c, mt b dng cho t ci v mt b dng cho t than; ng khi cao 8m, cgn le gi;- Ni chng ct: lm bng vt liu SUS 304; ca np liu pha trn v ca x liu pha

di; C gn can nhit, p k v van an ton. Bo n bng bng thy tinh, lp bo n dy100mm. Pha trn y ni c thit k vi 01 gin phn phi hi, nn ni chng ct c th sdng c trong trng hp c trang b l hi;

- B phn lm lnh: kiu ng chm, thit din b mt trao i nhit 6m2. Nc lm lnhc hi lu nhc mt thp gii nhit cnh.

- B phn phn ly tinh du: c thit k da trn nguyn l lng v phn lp theo ttrng ca cc cht lng khng ha tan vi nhau.

Tkha: Chng ct tinh du Hi, Trans-anethol, Quy m nh.

T VN

Vi nt s lc v cy Hi v tinh du Hi

Hi (Illicium verum Hook. F.) l loi cy c hu ca min Bc Vit Nam v min NamTrung Quc. Tinh du Hi (TDH) l sn phm c chng ct t qu hay l ca cy Hi. Phngphp chng ct c s dng trong sn xut l phng php ct cun bng hi nc p sutthng hay p sut hi bo ha.

TDH lc mi ct ra l mt cht lng snh, c mu sng trng, sau chuyn sang mu vngnht. T trng 250C dao ng t 0,978 - 0,988. Ch s khc x nm trong khong 1,5507 1,5564, ha tan trong 1,0 2,5 th tch alcohol 90%. Cu t chnh v quan trng nht ca TDH lTrans-anethol, hm lng trung bnh chim ti 68 87% khi lng tinh du.

TDH ch yu c s dng trong cng nghip thc phm, dng pha ch mt loi rumnh dng cho x lnh (ru anise). Sau pht minh ca hng dc phm Roth (Thy S), quHi tr thnh ngun nguyn liu c gi tr tch chit axit Shikimic dng cho vic tng hpOseltamivir photsphat, hot cht chnh ca thuc Tamiflu, hin c coi l loi bit dc phng chng v iu tr bnh cm gia cm H5N1. Bi vy, nhng nm gn y, gi bn cc loisn phm ca cy Hi ngy mt tng cao.


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- Vt liu chto: TDH l sn phm c s dng nhiu trong cng nghip thc phm vcng nghip Dc, nn cc loi vt liu c s dng ch to cc b phn trong dy chuynthit b chng ct ca ti u c lm bng cc loi vt liu khng han r, khng c hi chosc khe ca con ngi. Cc khp ni, ch ni c lm kn bng cc zong teflon, l loi vtliu chu du, chu nhit v cho php c s dng trong ngnh thc phm.

- Vcng sut: da trn kt qu iu tra kho st, nh gi ngun nguyn liu, qui mca thc tin sn sut, ti quyt nh chn cng sut cho ni chng ct l 300 kg nguyn liuqu Hi kh/m.

- L t: Lp trong l, ni tip xc vi ngn la c xy bng gch chu la vi bt samt v xi mng chu nhit, lp ngoi c xy bng gch c. Xung quanh l c gia c bimt b gng ging bng kim loi. Dm l lm bng thp chu nhit C20. C 2 b ghi l, mt bdng cho t ci v mt b dng cho t than, c c bng gang. C mt qut l, qut nyc s dng khi nhm l v khi cn gia tng ngun nhit cho l. L c thit k vi mt ngkhi c ng knh 0,168m, cao 8,0m. m bo an ton cho ngi vn hnh on di cang khi c bo n bng bng thy tinh, ti cao 3,0m c gn vi mt le gi lm bngthp khng r.

- Ni chng ct: ti chn kiu ni chng ct TDH thn c dng hnh tr, chp hnhnn ct, gia l ca thot hn hp hi kh, kiu vi voi. Ni chng ct c thit k vi mtca np liu pha trn v mt ca x liu pha di; 4 ca quan st mc nc kiu knh gntrn mt bch; c ng h o p sut, mt van an ton v mt can nhit.

Xung quanh phn thn ni, chp ni v vi voi c bo n bng mt lp bng thy tinh, dy100 mm. o ngoi ca lp bo n lm bng thp chu nhit, dy 0,35 mm.

- B phn cp nhit: Do cng sut nh, a bn s dng hng ti l cc thn bn trngHi min ni ca tnh Lng Sn, khng c nc my, nc sng sui u l nc cng, nnvic chng ct TDH bng ni hi l hon ton khng ph hp. H thng thit b ca ti sc cp nhit bng mt bung t, dng than hoc ci.

- B phn lm lnh: B phn lm lnh c thit k kiu ng chm, vi thit din traoi nhit m bo lm gim nhit ca dch ngng xung khong 350C (c stnh ton xemphn sau). tit kim, nc lm mt c hi lu v s dng lin tc nhc mt my bmv mt thp gii nhit cnh.

- Vthit b phn ly: Thit b phn ly tinh du c thit k da trn nguyn l lng vphn lp theo t trng ca cc hp cht lng khng ha tan vi nhau.

- Khung gi : Khung gi bao xung quanh nh v ni chng ct, lp t thit blm lnh v l dn gio thao tc vn hnh thit b chng ct.

S nguyn l lm vic v kt cu ca h thng thit b chng ct c th hin trnhnh 1.Tnh ton xc nh cc thng skthut c bn ca h thng thit b

- Tnh th tch ni chng ct: Th tch ca ni chng ct c tnh theo cng thc: V =M/G; y: M khi lng nguyn liu ca mt m chng ct, kg; G - khi lng ring ng ca nguyn liu, kg/m3. Sau chn ng knh v s tnh c chiu cao ca ni.


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- Tnh kch thc b phn lm lnh: ng knh ca thn thit b lm lnh c xc nh

thng qua php tnh thit din b mt trao i nhit ca cc ng chm. Kch thc ng trao inhit c chn: chiu cao 1000mm, ng knh 21mm. Chn T1 vT2 l nhit u v nhit

cui ca hn hp hi kh (hn hp nc v tinh du); t1 v t2 l nhit u vo v nhit u ra ca nc lm lnh. Hai lu th l hn hp hi nc + tinh du v nc lm lnh i ngcchiu nhau. S dng cc cng thc v cc thng s c sn trong S tay qu trnh v thit b cngngh ha cht [1], h s nhit trung bnh c tnh theo cng thc:

n

n

tb

t

t

ttt

1

1

ln;

Trong : t1 = T1 t2; tn = t2 t1. y, ly T1 = 1000C; t2 = 45

0C v t1= 280C. Chn nhit u ra ca dch ngng l 350C. Kt qu php tnh:Nhit trung bnh ca lu th lnh: ttb = 23,285

oC, nn nhit trungbnh ca lu th nng ttb1 = 100 23,285 = 76,715

oC; ttb2 = (45 + 28)/2= 36,5oC;

Khi bit h s nhit trung bnh, tra chn cc tnh cht vt l ca nc nhit mngngng [1] v s dng cng thc Nuselt tnh h s cp nhit pha lu th nng:

2 3

41

36001,15

r g

t H

(V.100 [2])

Trong :

r nhit ngng t, kcal/kg, r= 539,4 kCal/kg

khi lng ring ca nc ngng, kg/m3

h s dn nhit, kcal/mh

- nht ca nc ngng, kg/mst hiu s nhit ts tw

H chiu cao ng truyn nhit, H = 1 m.

Thay cc s vo ta c 1 = 6851,58 kcal/m2h . Sau tnh nhit ti ring pha lu th

nng theo cng thc: q1 = 1 x t1[2], y t1 = tt1 - ttb1 (tt1 - nhit tng pha hi, saunhiu ln tnh th, tt1 c chn l 85

oC).H s cp nhit pha lu th lnh: i vi thit b kiu ng chm c vch ngn, h s cp

nhit c tnh gn ng theo cng thc 2 = Nu/( x l); y Nu l chun s Nuselt.

Hnh 1: 1 - L t; 2 Nichng ct; 3- Bnh phn ly; 4 Thit b lm lnh; 5 Thp giinhit; 6 B cha nc lmmt; 7 My bm


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Nu = 0,41 x x Re0,6 x Pr0,33 x (Pr/Pr1); cng thc ny: Re l chun s Renolt, Pr l chun s

Phrans nhit trung bnh ca nc lm lnh (36,5oC) v Pr1 l chun s Phrans nhit tng ng trao i nhit (85oC). Cc chun s c tra chn trong S tay qu trnh v thit btrong cng ngh ha cht, tp I [1]. Kt qu tnh ton: 2 = 887,6 kcal/m

2h .T y ta tnh c nhit lng nc lnh nhn c trong 1 gi v qua tnh c

khi lng nc lm lnh cn thit phi cung cp cho thit b trao i nhit ( chn cng sutmy bm). Sau , dng cng thc F = Q/k/t tnh ton thit din b mt trao i nhit (y: Q l nhit lng nc lm lnh nhn c trong 1 gi; K l h s truyn nhit; t l h nhit ca lu th nng). Kt qu tnh ton F = 5,8m2 (chn F = 6m2).

Chm ng trao i nhit c b tr theo hnh lc gic, sau khi chn bc ng s tnhc sng trn ng xuyn tm v ng knh trong ca thit b trao i nhit.

- Kch thc bnh phn ly: Th tchti thiu ca bnh phn ly c xc nh da trn khilng tinh du thu c ca mi m chng ct. Sau khi chn ng knh, s tnh c chiu caocn thit ca ct tinh du. cao ca vch ngn c tnh theo thi gian phn ly ca git tinhdu cha trong dch ngng.

- Tnh bn ni chng ct v thit b lm lnh: dy ca thn ni chng ct v cathn thit b lm lnh c tnh theo cng thc tnh gi tr bn hn ca thn hnh tr:

S =p

Dp

]..[3,2. + C [m]. Trong : p l p sut lm vic; D l ng knh thn thit b; [] l

ng sut bn (i vi SUS 304, [] = 500.106/3); C l i lng b sung, ph thuc vo nmn v dung sai ca chiu dy. Xc nh i lng C theo cng thc C = C1 + C2 + C3 [m].Trong : C1 - b sung do n mn, xut pht t iu kin n mn vt liu ca mi trng v thigian lm vic ca thit b. i vi vt liu bn nh SUS 304 ta ly 0,05 mm/nm, cho thi gianlm vic 20 nm, vy ly C1 = 1mm; C2 - i lng b sung do hao mn ch cn tnh n trongcc trng hp nguyn liu cha cc ht rn chuyn ng vi tc ln trong thit b. i lngny thng c chn theo thc nghim. i vi trng hp chng ct cc nguyn liu thc vttrong mi trng nc, i lng ny c th b qua; C3 - i lng b sung do dung sai ca chiu

dy, ph thuc vo chiu dy tm vt liu. i vi vt liu SUS 304, c chiu dy t 3 5 mm,ly C3 = 0,8mm.- Tnh ton v chn bm: Lng nc cn thit lm mt hn hp hi nc tinh du

c xc nh phn tnh kch thc thit b lm lnh. Chn chiu cao y (H) ca my bm.

Cng sut ca bm c tnh theo cng thc: N =

.1000

... HgQ; l hiu sut bm; = 0.tl.ck.

Trong 0 l hiu sut hao ht ca cht lng, 0 = 0,9; .tl l hiu sut thy lc, chn .tl = 0,85;ck l hiu sut c kh, chn ck= 0,95; vy = 0,9.0,85.0,95 = 0,726; Q l lng nc lm lnhcn bm trong 1 gi; l khi lng ring ca nc nhit tnh ton, g l gia tc trngtrng.Phng n chto v lp t

Phng n ch to h thng thit b chng ct tinh du hi quy m nh c s dng lphng php hn TIG (tungsram innert gas u hn bng vonfram, hn trong mi trng khtr argon) hoc hn bng cc loi que hn c chng OK 6330 ca Nht Bn hay Hn Quc.Nhng im chu lc xung yu ca ni chng ct, l nhng ni c cu to mt phng hay hnhchp ct, nh y ni v vai ni th nht thit phi c gia c gn tng cng.

Gi thnh ca cc loi vt liu dng ch to nhng b phn chnh ca h thng thit bl rt cao, trong nc cha sn xut c m phi nhp ngoi, nn khng cho php c nhiu ktcu kiu mt bch, nht l nhng mt bch c kch thc ln (v d, theo tnh ton s b, nu lmmt bch cho thn ni vi ng knh ni l 1,2 m, th cng phi sdng ti 2 tm thp SUS 304


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c kch thc ti thiu 1,3 x 1,3m, dy 25mm, gi thnh 2 tm thp ny ln ti xp x60 triung).

Cc thit b chnh ca h thng chng ct TDH c ch to ti xng gia cng thit b,khoa cng ngh ha hc, trng H Bch khoa H Ni.

Ni chng ct v thit b lm lnh sau khi ch to xong phi c kim tra p lc mbo an ton.

H thng thit b chng ct TDH sau khi ch to c lp t ti x Yn Phc, huyn VnQuan, tnh Lng Sn. y l a phng c ngun nguyn liu di do, ngi dn c nhiu kinhnghim chng ct TDH truyn thng, rt thun li cho vic kho nghim v chuyn giao cngngh.Phng php kho nghim thit b

Sau khi chy roda, h thng thit b chng ct TDH quy m nh c tin hnh chy 5m kho nghim. Mi m 300kg nguyn liu qu hi kh.

xc nh hiu sut chng ct tinh du v nh gi hiu qu kinh t ca h thng thitb ch to, song song vi vic trin khai kho nghim, ti tin hnh chng ct cc munguyn liu kho nghim trong phng th nghim H Ni. Mt s tnh cht ha l c bn cacc mu TDH kho nghim c xc nh, hm lng cu t trans-anethol c xc nhbng phng php sc k. Cht lng TDH kho nghim c so snh nh gi vi chtlng TDH chng ct trong phng th nghim.

nh gi tnh hot ng n nh ca h thng thit b, cc thng s u vo nh slng v m nguyn liu, lng nc cho vo ni chng ct, cht lng nhin liu than vphng thc t l l ging nhau.

KT QU NGHIN CUCc thng s v tnh nng kthut c bn ca h thng thit b

H thng thit b chng ct TDH c thit k, ch to v lp t hon chnh vi ccthng s k thut c bn sau:

Ni chng ct: cng sut 300kg nguyn liu qu hi kh, ng knh trong 1,2m, ngknh ngoi 1,4m, phn thn ni cao 1,45m. C thot hn hp hi kh kiu vi voi. Phn thn ni,chp ni v vi voi c bo n bng bng thy tinh (rock wool); lp bo n dy 100mm. Phatrn y ni c thit k mt dn phn phi hi, nn c th c s dng trong trng hpchng ct bng hi nc. C 1 ca np liu pha trn, 1 ca tho liu pha di, 1 van x y, 1ca hi lu dch ngng, 4 knh quan st mc nc. Ni chng ct c trang b: 1 can o nhitnhn hiu Omron, type E5CSZ-RIT, c s o t 0 999oC; 1 ng h p lc JIS B7505-1 JQAvi s o t 0 0,6 MPa v 1 van an ton SS, chu c p lc ti 10 kg/cm2 (p sut an tonc ci t l 4 atm).

Thit b lm lnh: ng knh 0,35m, chiu cao phn thn 1,0m. Kiu ng chm, c 91ng trao i nhit, vi thit din b mt trao i nhit 6m2. Nc c cp cho thit b lm lnhnhmt my bm J-100, cng sut ng c 0,75 kw, cng sutbm 4,2m3 nc/gi. Nc lmlnh sau khi i qua thit b trao i nhit s nng ln v li c lm mt trli bng mt thpgii nhit cnh, nhn hiu Spacco SPC 15RT, cng sut ng c qut 0,5 m lc.

Bnh phn ly: pha di hnh tr, ng knh 0,5 m, pha trn hnh chp ct, c lmbng thp khng r SUS 304. Cc b phn ca thit b phn ly gm: vch ngn, ca vo ca dchngng v ca ra ca nc, 2 van ng x y, van x e, ng thy quan st mc tinh du v caly sn phm tinh du. Dung tch ca thit b phn ly ~ 80 lit.


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Hnh 2. Mt trong nhng bn vlp nh 10. Mt gc ca h thng thit b

Kt qu kho nghim

Sau khi lp t, chy th, h thng thit b chng ct TDH quy m nh c chykho nghim. Kt qu kho nghim c ghi trong bng 1.

Bng 1. Kt qu kho nghim h thng thit b chng ct TDH quy m nh v so snh vi ktqu chng ct trong phng th nghim

Kt qu cc m kho nghimTT Ch s kho nghim

Vtnh M 1 M 2 M 3 M 4 M 5

1 S lng qu hi* Kg 300 300 300 300 300

2 Lng nc cho vo ni ct Kg 300 300 300 300 300

3 Thi gian np liu Pht 120 125 115 120 120

4 Thi gian t si** Pht 150 143 156 150 150

5 Thi gian t 127oC Pht 180 175 184 180 190

6 N/ u vo ca nc lm lnh oC 21 23 25 24 27

7 N/ u ra ca nc lm lnh oC 42 42 44 43 45


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8 N/ u ra ca dch ngng oC 35 34 35 35 36

9 Thi gian ct kit Gi 48.00 48.15 48.30 48.00 48.15

10 Lng than tiu th Kg 280 295 300 283 290

11 Lng TDH ct c Kg 32,4 32,0 32,6 32,3 32,5

12Hm lng TDH ct c trn hthng thit b

% KLk/ kit

13,65 13,48 13,73 13,61 13,69

13Hm lng TDH ct c trongphng th nghim

% KLk/ kit

14,26 14,04 14,33 14,16 14,27

14Hm lng TDH thu c khi trchly vi Etanol

% KLk/ kit

14,66 14,45 14,72 14,58 14,68

15

Hiu sut chng ct so vi chng ct

trong phng TN % 95,72 96,04 95,83 96,14 95,94

16Hiu sut chng ct so vi trch lybng Etanol

% 93,14 93,29 93,26 93,35 93,26

* QuHi kh ( m tng i 21,20%) trc khi cho vo ni chng ct c ngm 24 gitrong nc lnh.

** Tnh t khi t l cho n khi khi th qu Hi + nc trong ni chng ct t 100oC.

Tinh du Hi ca 5 m chy kho nghim c tin hnh th nghim nhm xc nhmt s tnh cht ha l c bn v hm lng cu t trans-anethol. Kt qu c th hin bng

2.Bng 2. Mt s tnh cht ha l c bn ca TDH kho nghim v TDH chng ct trong phng

th nghim (ly gi tr min - max ca 5 ln th nghim)

TT Ch s n v o TDH kho nghimTDH chng ct trong phng

th nghim

1 T trng d25 g/ml 0,9783 0,9826 0,9789 0,9831

2 Ch s khc x, nd25 - 1,5509 1,5541 1,5513 1,5552

3 Ti hn sio

C 194 - 201 194 - 204

4 im ng oC 17,32 18,21 17,47 18,41

5 Hm lng anethol % 88,07 92,55 87,61 92,87

Tnh ton s b hiu qu kinh t

Sau 5 m chy kho nghim, gi tr trung bnh cc ch tiu chi ph v li nhun thu v(cha k tin khu hao thit b) c ghi trong bng 3.


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Bng 3. Gi tr trung bnh cc ch tiu chi ph v li nhun

n v tnh:Nghn ng

TT Cc ch tiun v

tnhS

lngn gi Tin

A. u vo

1 Tin mua qu Hi Kg 300 10,5 10.500

2 Tin thu cng nhn * 500

3 Tin in KW 40 2,5 100

4 Tin mua than Kg 290 5,0 1.450

Tng cng u vo A: 12.550

B. u ra

Tinh du Hi thu c Kg 32 450 14.400

Tng cng u ra B: 14.400

Li nhun: (B - A) 1.850

Ngoi sn phm tinh du Hi, th b qu Hi sau khi chng ct c th phi kh v bn.Mi m thu c khong 260 280kg b kh. Gi bn b Hi hin ti Vn Quan l 3.500 /kgkh. Nh vy, mi m chng ct, ngoi tin li l 1.850.000 do tinh du mang li, ngi sn

xut c th thu c thm khong 1 triu ng t b Hi.So snh hiu qu kinh t vi l chng ct truyn thng (y cho gang, thn xy gch cang Nguyn Trung Tr x Yn Phc Vn Quan) v l chng ct ci tin (y v thn l lmbng tn hn, khng c bo n ca ng T, x Bnh Phc Vn Quan).

Bng 4. So snh hiu qu kinh tn v tnh: Nghn ng

TT Ch tiu L ng Tr L ng T*H thng chng ct

ca ti

A Chi

1 Mua nguyn liu qu hi 10.500 16.500 10.500

2 Tin thu cng nhn t l 500 700 500

3 Tin in 10 25 100

4 Tin than 1.560 2.250 1.450

Tng chi (A) 12.570 19.475 12.550


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B Thu**

1 Tin bn tinh du Hi 13.500 20.700 14.400

Tng thu (B) 13.500 20.700 14.400

Li nhun (B A) 930 1.225 1.850

* Dung tch ni chng ct ~2,1m3.** Khng tnh khu hao thit b v khon thu tbn b Hi.

KT LUN V KHUYN NGHKt lun1. H thng thit b chng ct TDH c thit k m bo cc yu cu k thut, c th ch to

trong nc vi gi thnh thp. Thit b c kt cu n gin, d s dng v m bo an toncao;

2. H thng thit b chng ct TDH quy m nh hot ng tt, gim t l tht thot v nng cao

cht lng TDH;3. Hiu qu kinh t mang li cao hn t 1,5 n 2 ln so vi cng ngh truyn thng.

Khuyn ngh1. Nghin cu hon chnh cng ngh v thit b, ch to vi s lng ln gim gi thnh v

chuyn giao cho cc a phng c ngun sn phm Hi tp trung nc ta;2. u t nhiu hn cho xy dng m hnh ch bin cc loi sn phm t cy Hi.

TI LIU THAM KHO1. Nguyn Bin, 1999. Tnh ton qu trnh v thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm,

Nxb Khoa hc v K thut, tp 2, H Ni.2. Nguyn Bin, 2003. Cc qu trnh thit b trong cng ngh ha cht v thc phm, NxbKhoa hc v K thut H Ni; tp 4.

3. Nguyn Trng Khung, Vn i, 1992. S tay qu trnh v thit b cng ngh hacht, Nxb Khoa hc v K thut, tp 1.

4. Nguyn Trng Khung, PGS.TS Vn i, 1999. Stay qu trnh v thit b cng nghha cht, Nxb Khoa hc v K thut, tp 2.

5. L nh Mi v CS., 2001. Ti nguyn thc vt c tinh du Vit Nam. Nxb Nngnghip H Ni.

6. Nguyn Hu Tng, 2010. K thut tch hn hp nhiu cu t. Nxb Bch khoa H Ni.7. Nguyn Nng Vinh; Nguyn Th Minh T, 2009. Cng ngh cht thm thin nhin. Nxb

Bch khoa H Ni.DESIGN, MANUFACTURE STAR ANISE DISTILLATION EQUIPMENT ON SMALLSCALENguyen Van Duong, Vu Thi Hoang Phuong

Non-timber Forest Products Research Centre, FSIV

SUMMARY


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Aiming to incrementally improve processing techniques and commercial value of Star Anise(Illicium Verum Hook), one of non-timber forest product tree, which had been widely cultivatedin some northern provinces, the topic Design, manufacture and transfer a system of Star anisedistillation equipment on small scale was successful in manufacturing and installing thedistillation equipment in Yen Phuc commune, Van Quan district, Lang Son province. Its capacityis 300kg of dried material per batch. Based on old (traditional) distillating techniques, combinedwith advanced coolling and separating technologies, the new distillating equipment had obtainedsatisfactory results in decrease of product loss, increase of essential oil quality and saving fuel.Through test runs, each distillation batch gaves producers 1840000 VND interest.

These are main properties of the distillation equipment:

- Operation principle: water distillation with reflux of condensate- Furnace: made of fire-resistant brick and heat-resistant cement. Furnace beam made of C20

steel. There are two fire-grate sets, made of casting iron, one for fuel-wood firing, another forcoal firing. Chimmey height is 8 m, with air choke valve on it.

- Distillation still: made of SUS 304. Input gate above and output gate below. A pressure gaugeand a safty valve designed on. The distillation still is insulated by glass wool with thickness

100 mm. Above the distillation still designed a vapour distribution device, so it can be used incase of steam distillation.

- Cooling unit: shell and tubes heat exchange type, cooling surface area 6 m2. Cooling water iscirculated by using a small cooling tower.

- Separating unit: based on layering of undissolved in each other liquids of different specificdensities

Keywords: Manufacture, Equipment, Distillation, Trans-anethol.

DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF SMALL SCALE DISTILLATION EQUIPMENTFOR STAR ANISE

Nguyen Van Duong and Vu Thi Hoang Phuong

Non-timber Forest Products Research Centre, FSIV

SUMMARY

The tree, Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook), is an important non-timber forest productspecies which has been widely cultivated in northern provinces of Vietnam. Star Anise is a spiceused in cooking and is used in traditional medicine. Star Anise also produces an essential oil.Traditional village distillation techniques have been considered inefficient in recovering the oil.


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This project has manufactured and installed new distillation equipment in Yen Phuccommune, Van Quan District, Lang Son Province. The new equipment introduced new advancedcooling and separating technologies, increased product yield, improved essential oil quality andsaved on fuel inputs. With a capacity of 300 kg of dried Star Anise, the new technologygenerated 1.840.000 VND in revenue per distillation.

Main properties of the new distillation equipment:

- Operation principle: water distillation with reflux of condensate

- Furnace: fire-resistant brick and heat-resistant cement with 8 metre chimney with airchoke valve, C20 steel furnace beam, option of two cast iron fire-grate for fuel-wood orcoal firing.

- Distillation still: Manufactured from SUS 304 with an input valve above and an outputvalve, pressure gauge and safety valve. The still is insulated with 100 mm glass wool. Anadditional feature is a vapour distribution device to permit change to steam distillation.

- Cooling unit: 6 m2 heat exchanger with circulating cooling water through a small coolingtower.

- Separating unit: Layering of undissolved liquids of different specific densitiesKeywords: Manufacture equipment, Distillation, trans-anethol.

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