Tissues of the BodyTissues of the Body

Four Basic Kinds of TissuesFour Basic Kinds of Tissues

Epithelial TissueEpithelial Tissue Connective TissueConnective Tissue Muscle TissueMuscle Tissue Nervous TissueNervous Tissue

Epithelial TissueEpithelial Tissue

Epithelial Tissue Locations:Epithelial Tissue Locations: Covers the bodyCovers the body Lines the cavities, tubes, ducts and blood Lines the cavities, tubes, ducts and blood

vessels inside the bodyvessels inside the body Covers the organs inside body cavitiesCovers the organs inside body cavities

Epithelial Tissue Functions:Epithelial Tissue Functions: Protection from physical & chemical injury,Protection from physical & chemical injury, Protection against microbial invasion,Protection against microbial invasion, Contains receptors which respond to stimuli,Contains receptors which respond to stimuli, Filters, secretes & reabsorbs materials andFilters, secretes & reabsorbs materials and Secretes serous fluids to lubricate structures.Secretes serous fluids to lubricate structures.

Connective TissueConnective Tissue

Connective Tissue:Connective Tissue: Most abundant & widely distributed tissueMost abundant & widely distributed tissue

Connective Tissue Functions:Connective Tissue Functions: Connects, binds and supports structures,Connects, binds and supports structures,

Tendons, ligaments, etc.Tendons, ligaments, etc. Protects & cushions organs and tissues,Protects & cushions organs and tissues, Insulates (fat) andInsulates (fat) and Transports substances (blood).Transports substances (blood).

Muscle TissueMuscle Tissue

Muscle Tissue:Muscle Tissue: Associated with the bones of the skeleton, the Associated with the bones of the skeleton, the

heart and in the walls of the hollow organs of the heart and in the walls of the hollow organs of the body.body.

Muscle Tissue Functions:Muscle Tissue Functions: MovementMovement LocomotionLocomotion Maintains postureMaintains posture Produces heatProduces heat Facial expressionsFacial expressions Pumps bloodPumps blood PeristalsisPeristalsis

Nervous TissueNervous Tissue

Nervous Tissue:Nervous Tissue: Main component of the nervous system, Main component of the nervous system,

ie., brain, spinal cord & nerves.ie., brain, spinal cord & nerves.

Nervous Tissue Functions:Nervous Tissue Functions: Regulates & controls body functionsRegulates & controls body functions Generates & transmits nerve impulses Generates & transmits nerve impulses Supports, insulates and protects Supports, insulates and protects

impulse generating neurons.impulse generating neurons.

Squamous EpitheliumSquamous Epithelium

Simple – one cell Simple – one cell thickthick

Forms solid layer of Forms solid layer of cells which line cells which line blood vessels, body blood vessels, body cavities & cover cavities & cover organs in body organs in body cavitiescavities

Stratified – multiple Stratified – multiple layerslayers

Forms epidermisForms epidermis

Cuboidal EpitheliumCuboidal Epithelium

Simple – one cell thickSimple – one cell thick Roughly cube shapedRoughly cube shaped

Line ducts in Line ducts in kidneys, etc, where kidneys, etc, where reabsorption and reabsorption and secretory activities secretory activities take place.take place.

Duct

Cuboid Cells

Duct

Cuboid Cells

Columnar EpitheliumColumnar Epithelium

Simple – one cell Simple – one cell thickthick

Column shaped Column shaped (long & narrow)(long & narrow)

Line digestive tract Line digestive tract where reabsorption where reabsorption & secretion occurs.& secretion occurs.

Pseudostratified – Pseudostratified – gives the gives the appearance of appearance of more than one more than one layer of columnar layer of columnar epithelial cellsepithelial cells

Connective - BoneConnective - Bone

Tree ring-like Tree ring-like appearanceappearance

Supports & protects Supports & protects Mineral storageMineral storage Fat storageFat storage Blood cell Blood cell

productionproduction

Connective – Hyaline CartilageConnective – Hyaline Cartilage

Supports while Supports while providing flexibilityproviding flexibility

Absorbs Absorbs compression compression between bones in between bones in joints (articular joints (articular cartilage)cartilage)

Holds open Holds open respiratory respiratory passages passages

Most abundant type Most abundant type of cartilage in bodyof cartilage in body

Muscle - SkeletalMuscle - Skeletal Muscle fibers (cells) Muscle fibers (cells)

long, parallel & long, parallel & cylindrical cylindrical

With many nuclei With many nuclei (multinucleate)(multinucleate)

Striations (cross Striations (cross stripes run stripes run perpendicular to perpendicular to the cellsthe cells

Produce voluntary Produce voluntary movementmovement

LocomotionLocomotion HeatHeat

Specific Nervous Tissue TypesSpecific Nervous Tissue Types Nervous – NeuronNervous – Neuron

Branching cells with Branching cells with many long many long processesprocesses

Large central Large central nucleusnucleus

Transmit impulses Transmit impulses from one area of from one area of the body to other the body to other areasareas

Regulate activities Regulate activities through neuron through neuron impulsesimpulses