TWO

TOL

D®LLARS

xm. NO.

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21.

YEAR.]

! ROCHESTER, N.

-:

V

PBOGH

-FOR THE

AND IMPROVEMENT."

WEEK ENDING, SATURBAY, MAT 1862.

[SINGLE NO. lEPOTTR

{WHOLE

CENTS.

NO. 645.

MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,THE LEADING AMERICAN WKEKLT

BUBAL. LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPER.

CONDUCTED BY D. D. T. MOORE,With an Able Corps of Assistants and Contributors.

0HA3. D. BBAGDON. Western Corresponding Editor.

THW ftjfrtAL NBW-YORKER is designed to be unsurpassed inVilne, Purity,' Usefulness and Variety of Contents, and uniqueand tfcautiful in Appearance. Its Conductor devotes his per-sonal attention to the supervision of its various departments,«id earnestly labors to render the RURAL an eminently ReliableGuide on all the important Practical, Scientific and otherSubjects intimately connected with the business of those whoseinterests it zealously advocatesf." As a FAMILY JOURNAL it iseininently Instructive and Entertaining—being so conductedthat it can besafely taken to the Hearts and Homes of people ofintelligence, taste and discrimination. It embraces more Agri-cultural, Horticultural, Scientific, Educational, literary andNews Hatter, interspersed with appropriate and beautifulEngravings, than any other journal,—rendering it the mostcomplete AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY NEWSPAPERin America.

I3T" For Terms and other particulars, gee last page.

S E A S O N A B L E N O T E S ,

NOTWITHSTANDING the unusual backwardness ofthe season, the long spell of cold and wet, some-what trying to the patience, we now have fineweather, warm and dry, and in a few days farmerswill be looking anxiously for a shower. Plowingand planting are progressing with great activity, andwith a week or two of such delightful weather aswe are now having, work will be in its usual stateof forwardness, and it will be forgotten that weeither had cause or disposition to complain. Allare too busy to read long articles, and therefore wegive a few hints on various seasonable matters thatwe hope will prove beneficial to our readers. Weare usually in a great hurry at planting time, andtherefore the work is often done in the quickest andnot in the best manner. The great object with many,seems to be to get the seed in the ground, regardlessof the result. They forget the intimate connectionthere is between seed time and harvest, and that theprofits of the season depend very much upon themanner in which the soil is prepared and the carewith which the planting is. done. The farm is amanufactory, where is made the necessaries of life,and tke great object is to obtain as large a quantityof the most valuable products as possible, and atthe cheapest rates. It is no matter how large theamount of labor, or how great the expense, if forevery dollar expended in labor or manure we canobtain two. We have known premiums to beawarded by Agricultural Societies, for large crops,which would not bring in market what it cost togrow them; and we have known fagpers to boast ofdoing all their own work, when if they had ex-pended a couple of hundred dollars in additionallabor, they would have made several hundreddollars by the operation. It is not the one thatraises the largest crops, or the one that gets alongwith the least labor, but he that can make wheat,and corn, and meat at the lowest rates, and cheaperthan his neighbors, that is the most skillful farmer.Our Agricultural Societies, in making out theirpremiums, should not lose sight of this fact.

We often come very near to success, and fail forwant of a little extra effort at the right time and inthe right place. With every living thing, webelieve, infancy is the most critical period,—a littleadversity checks, sickens and destroys. The farmerwho takes the necessary pains to bring his plantssafely through this pef iod, with a good constitution,seldom fails. When young, the roofs are feeble—arecircumscribed to a very small space; and if theycannot find the necessary food here in suitable con-dition for use, and in sufficient quantity, they mustnecessarily suffer or die.. When the roots are largerand stronger, they search further and deeper forfood, and are not as liable to fail. This i& the reasonwhy a handful of well prepared, rich compost in thehill has been known to double the crop of corn orpotatoes, and this we would always give if the soilwere not in excellent heiart How often do we seeyoung plants left to struggle for existence withweeds that rob them of needed nourishment,abstract the moisture from the soil, and obstruct thecirculation of air, until they are so much injured asnever to recover fully, before the friendly hoe isapplied to rid them of their enemies. We will saynothing at present of the ordinary farm crops, buitwill call attention to two roots, the Parsnip andTurnip, th,at we consider excellent for feeding.They have been tried long, and are known to bevaluable.

THE PARSNIP.—NO root is better, and we thinkhardly as good, for fattening hogs, or cattle, or forfeeding to milch cows. Pigs will leave almost anyother food for the parsnip, as any of our readers maylearn by trying the experiment. In Europe manythousands of hogs are fattened every year entirelyon this vegetable, particularly on the Islands ofJersey and Guernsey. The English think the pars-nip makes sweeter pork than any other feed, butprefer to give ground peas or barley, for a couple ofweeks before killing, to harden the meat. Butter

made in the winter from the milk ef cows fed onparsnips, is said to be of as fine a color and as ex-cellent flavor as when the animals are feeding onthe best pasture.

We quote the following statements from the bestEnglish authority:—"As parsnips contain six percent more mucilage than carrots, the difference maybe sufficient to account for the superior fattening, aswell as butter-making quality of the parsnip. Inthe fattening, of cattle the parsnip is found superiorto the carrot, performing the business with as muchexpedition, and affording meat of exquisite flavor,and of a highly juicy quality; the animals eat withmuch greediness. It is reckoned that thirty perches,where the crop is good, will fatten ani ox three orfour years old, in ordinary store condition, in thecourse of three months. The parsnips are given inthe proportion of about thirty pounds weight, morn-ing, noon, and night; the large.ones being split intothree or four pieces, and a little hay supplied in theintervals of these periods. The result of experimenthas shown, that not only in neat cattle, but in thefattening of hogs and poultry, the animals becomefat much sooner, and are more healthy than whenfed with any other root or vegetable; and that,besides, the meat is* more sweet and delicious. Theparsnip leaves being more bulky than, those ofcarrots, may be mown off before taking the roots,and given to oxen, cows, or horses, by which theywill be greedily eaten."

Now, if this is the true character of the parsnip,and we are satisfied it is, from experience, we askall of our farming friends if it has not been too longneglected? Another advantage for this country isthat any portion of the crop not wanted for winteruse may be allowed to remain in the ground duringthe winter, as they are not in the least injured bythe frost. When dug, they should be stored in a coolplace and be covered with earth. The parsnipdelights in a rather light, deep, rich soil, though wehave often grown good crops on a heavy clay, whendry and well pulverized. If manure is used itshould be well decomposed." The carrot and pars-nip require similar cultivation; but as parsnipsmake a stronger growth when young, they are not asapt to be choked by weeds, or to.,suffer from a littleneglect. The plants are much more easily seen, sothat weeding is less difficult. Be particular in ob-taining fresh seed, as very little of that two yearsold will grow.

Among the TURNIPS the Buta Bagas or Swedesare most desirable. Skirving's Improved PurpleTop does exceedingly well in this State and Canada,and we know of one establishment here which hasraised very large quantities, equal to the average ofEnglish Swedes. The appearance of the bulb andleaf are shown in the engraving. It is a good

SKIRVING'S IMPROVED PURPLE TOP SWEDE.

grower, coming early to maturity, and keeping wellwhen stored. MORTON says:—It differs from theother " purple-tops " in the more oblong shape of1 thebulb, having a longer neck, standing more out ofthe ground, and consequently not "keeping so wellwhen allowed to remain in the ground all winter.It is also more liable to run to seed in autumn. Tocounterbalance these defects, it possesses the prop-erties of being a very free grower, coming early tomaturity, and keeps well when stored. It is a goodvariety to sow in shallow or hard clay soils. In theformer case, it produces a better crop than any ofthe other varieties of Swedes, in consequence of theslight hold it requires of the ground; and in thelatter it swells out on the surface, and when liftedthere is not such an adhesion of earth as with thedeeper seated sorts. In a wet season, however, thisis a very great advantage.

Laing's Improved Purple Top Swede is anotherfavorite variety. In LAWSON'S Agriculturists' Man-ual, the author says of this turnip, " that it differsfrom all hitherto known varieties of Swedish tur-nips, in having large, entire, cabbage-like leaves,

which, by their horizontal growth, form a-.thick COY^ering to the soil, thereby materially checking, thej vigor of,autumnal weeds." This peculiarity ofj shape will be seen in the engraving, where both theI leaves and bulb are seen in their natural condition;and by comparing the leaf of this turnip with that of

LAINtt'S IMPROVED PURPLE TOP SWEDE;

Skirving's Swede, the difference of forniation is veryapparent In point of sliape, hardiness, and quality,it is represented superior to all varieties of turnips.

Of the COMMON TURNIPS, the White Flat,, orNorfolk, is the most grown in this country, and itis the best for new or low soils. The Scotch Yellow,or Aberdeen, is a favorite variety-for drier and oldersoils. The White Stone Globe, ot which we give an

WHITE STOSfE GLOBE TURNIP.*

engraving, MORTON says, is the hardiest of all thewhite sorts. The bulbs are not so large, growdeeper in the ground, and are consequently betterable to resist frost In shape it is more uniformlyround than the common White Globe; and the skinis rougher, and sometimes marked with little scars.

WESTBEN EDITORIAL NOTES.

WHY YOU CURSE THE SEED STOKES.

Do you want to know why ? " Certainly ?" Well,then, let me tell you what has often been told youbefore:— You plant too deep 1 You don't believe it ?I do, and I know it. There are hundreds of westernfarmers who as conscientiously believe that theymust plant their corn from four to six, and in someinstances, eight inches below the surface, as theybelieve that there is a GOD in Israel or a MCCLEL-LAN to swear by. And you can't make them believedifferently. They know; they've tried it; and theirexperience proves them and their practice right, all"book-learned" farmers to the contrary notwith-standing. And they despise "book farmers" asbad as they hate gophers; and they kill all thegophers they can find.

Why do they plant so deep? Because they thinkthe soil is peculiar. And in that they are right; it ispeculiar. But they have made it s% by their manip-ulations. They plow it when it is wet, harrow itwhen it is dry, and it is cloddy and lumpy, andrough as a Down-East field of stone. Then whenplanting comes they must get the seed down tomoist earth, or it will not germinate. They have^oget down deep to do it. The roller is not knownto the majority of farmers in corn culture. It oughtto be. On such land as I have described, it ought tobe used before the corn is planted, and again after-ward. But I speak' of the practice in corn plantingto show the more clearly where the fault is in thecase of smaller seeds, such as are purchased at theseed stores, planted in the gardens, and never growat all! Why, only yesterday, I heard a lady say-that she put her lettuce seed in three inches 'deep-down where the ground was moist—and it had notcome up yet; and she was indignant! The seed;stores were the matter, of course. "You knowthey do cheat go in seeds," said she to her com-panion. How swget, and innocent, and indignant,and disappointed she Io6ked, poor woman! Forshe was'really a splendid woman; but she had notlearned to garden. And she confessed that sheplanted her peas nearer a foot than six inches deep;and her flower seeds, whidh she had got all the wayfrom the Hub of Creation, were equally wellplanted—and O, the seedsmen!

> It should b6 remembered tkat the season is back-ward, the ground-wet and cold in most localitiesand then the fate of tfhe good woman's seeds will beapparent §b of othet sensible people who under-take farming and gardening. They know little ofthe laws of production, aad less;of the mode ofmanipulating-soil. The more completely pulverizedthe soil, tne ; deeper they plant. It would seemhardly necessary to say that in a fine* well pulver-ized soil, compact and clean, seed should never heplanted deeper than three titties, its diameter; "yetit is necessary to say so, and keep saying so, as longas children continue to fee born, and seed is pur-chased-and planted.

Good friend, man or woman, before you "blowu p " the• seedsman, determine whether you haveburied or planted"your seed.

THE BTTQAB CANE MISSION.

My friend, the young man to whom I referred ina former article as desiring to go to China and Africaat Uncle SAM'S expense, has published a response tothat article, characterised -by a bittemesB which Ishall not emulate, and personalities to which I shallnot respond, neither imitate; for I have no personalquarrel with him, never had, and never intend tohave. He asserts, however, that I have been guiltyof falsehood in. regard to the matter of his indorse-

: ment by the Executive Board of the Illinois State,Agricultural Society, and denies that the matter ofthis mission was first brought before the said Boardby the sheep grower of whose flocks and; practice

: he had before written an excellent notice. It mat-ters little who firit suggested it; the Society's recordwill show—its own journal does show—that the res-olution of indorsement was offered by the respecta-ble sheep owner referred to.

He also asserts that there was no ' : I tickle youand you tickle me " understanding with the gentle-man whooffered the resolution, of indorsements theAdrian Convention. The fact is, the resolution wasoffered, and the party offering it has been appropri-ately " tickled."

My friend denies that he has " managed" the StateBoard, or that he went to Adrian for the purpose ofmanaging the indorsement by that body- I have notasserted that he did; but I do assert that the wholematter of indorsement has been "managed" byhimself and relatives—that the latter have appliedto parties here in the West to write letters of indorse-ment for him; some of said parties voluntarilyexpressing to me, subsequently, their conviction ofhis disqualification for such a mission, as theyunderstood it ' And I wish distinctly to assert thatthe.article in the RURAL of May 3d was not writtenby me until after several of our mutual friends hadtold me they did not deem my friend qualified forsuch a mission, if the object of that mission was suchas they supposed it to be. And I can name thosefriends of his and mine, if it becomes necessary.

But even if there was no question as to the man-ner adopted to secure the indorsement, I deliber-ately assert that the Executive Board of the StateSociety, and the Adrian Convention, either entirelyunder-estimated the scope of such a mission, orknew too little of the qualifications: of the party theyindorsed to execute it. And I intend no disrespectto either body by the assertion. If the work to bedone is simply that of a commercial agent, no oneneed be sent; for the Government has its agentsthere already, who are as well qualified, doubtless,to purchase and ship seed. But if the agent to besent on this mission is expected to study the habits,nature, and relation of the different kinds of cane,such study will involve a botanical knowledge thatI don't think my friend will pretend he possesses.If the modes of manufacture" are oTsuch a characteras to warrant the sending a man that distance tostudy and report upon them, then that study willinvolve a practical knowledge of analytical chem-istryj which I think my friend does not pretend topossess. It is true that any intelligent man-rlikemy friend—may go on such a mission, purchaseseed, ship it, observe and learn'much that willbenefit both himself amd, others, if published; butthat does not prove that he is the man best qualifiedfor such a service—that the1 agriculturists bf thecountry will receive all the benefit that may besecured to them by sending the right man in hisplace. So long as there are men eminently qualified,why send one indifferently qualified?

Again-^I disclaim any personal hostility to theparty seeking this appointment. He is seeking apublic position as a public servant; and I haveobjected to his appointment as I would to that ofany other man where the;-question of the greatestgood to the greatest' number is involved. Myfriend, however, asserts that' the animus of myformer article is envy, vindictiveness, and personal'hostility, engendered, he intimates, by thefact thathe succeeded me to a certain position. To those•who know how much reason? I have to envy him onthat account, this intimation will appear exceed-ingly ludicrous; and if himself and hisiemployersdesire the public to know the height, and depth, andlength, and breadth of that reason, they can beaccommodated to that extent.

One thing more. My friend more than intimates1

that I am or have been in the habit'of levying Mack [mail upon those whom I name in my articles pub-lished in the RURAL. I challenge him to produceone man who will say that he has paid, or promised

to pay me, or that I haye;exacted from, him one dol-lar, more or less, for anything I have written for theRURAL concerning him,or.his. I never, have, in,Cook county, nor out of i t

UP©N BACK NUMBEBS.

EDS; RURAL NEW-YORKER:—Inquiries, replies,and notes, are an interesting department introducedinto many of our agricultural periodicals, and the.same being established in yours, I venture into th$field, and firstly upon

SNOW-DBIFTS. .'

I find H. T. B. very spicily has put forth severalpropositions which maybe, correct in., his, latitude,but in. the New England. States ;they must be takenwith some allowance as to the feasibility of prevent??ing these inconvenient accumulations of.snow in,the roads. That "they may be avoided in everycase by attention to" his considerations, will be seep,,,by any New England reader, on refuring to page109, current volume, not to be at all equal: to theend to be obtained, yet they may be in many .in-stances thus prevented, and in others in part, whilesome will be made worse in particular situations .by.belts of forests. Raising the roads and taking downfences will generally be salutary in their effects, but"belts" would have to be nearly all over the landto be of any. adequate USQ. The streams can notwell be stayed in their ontvard course, nor can thesnows, driven with our winds fresh, from the moun*tain peaks, but they will go on till valleys are filledto the depth of fifty feet, and then glide swiftly along,leaping over forests forty or fifty rods in width, andif by chance a road is located there, often, notalways, it will fall,, like the army worn^ into thetrench to an incredible depth.

I do not belong.to the conservative, party, but amglad to see hints upon any theme tijat is susceptibleof improvement,— and what is not? — by writers.,The article upon snow-drifts,, here referred to-will,it is believed, have a salutary effect and lead fp thebeautifying of many a rural home among the New;England hills, along the road sides and .throughthe valleys.

COAL OIL FOB LICE. ;

This oil I tried and have seen it tried, and certainit is that it will kill the lice wherever it comes incontactjwith them; but in my experience it takes thehair all off where ever applied, and, besid6, makesit very sore by removing so much of the skin that itis inhuman to apply it to animals for this purpose;Why this difference in its effects in different hands?Who will explain? My protest is after trying it inthe winters of 1860-61 and 1861-62, with the sameeffect in my hands and others. Beware, then, ofcoal oil. for lice on cattle. ;

STRETCHES IN KHkl.ll>.

A much shorter and easier way than to run themnearly down, as advised by M. H. B., is to take themby the hind legs, one in each hand., and give them afew quick, careful starts 6r jerks toward yourself,first laying them upon their sides. This moderequires no preparation or taking to a fence, as somehave advised, but is equally as efficacious as anywhich I have seen. It is the first and almost onlyremedy with many of our sheep men; but whenthere are cases or indications of stretches in a flock ofsheep, they should be fed with some kind of rootsonce in two or thre'e days till such symptoms dis*appear. ' ;

BLINDNESS IN SHEEP.

Your correspondent has not been explicit enoughin relating symptoms, nor the appearances in hispost mortem, to give much of a basis to judge con-cerning the particular type of disease which provedfatal to his sheep; the account of which may befound on page 134 Small substances, like unto hisdescription, are frequently found attached to theinwards of sheep and swine, without any knowninjuty to them. Give more particulars, Mr; V. B.T.,so we can judge better. *:• 0 . W . T R U E .

Rural Home, Maine, 1862.

A RURAL LETTER UPON VARIOUS TOPICS.

Ebsv RURAL NEW-YORKER; —The day beingrather wet for the successful) or, at least, pleasantprosecution of fatming operations^ I think I willT>en a few lines for the column&of the RuRAL,ifcrthe purpose, among other things, of informing " thewhole world and 'the- rest of mankirtd," that,although we have in the Grand Army of the Unionbetween1 tw# and three thousand representatives,flghtirigj or anxious to!fig-htj for the Uni6n and our

rSousjft-ee institutions,—that notwithstanding ourroadS were ruined, and bridges'and. fences swaptaway without reserve or distinction^ all along: -th*Genesee and its tributaries) by last fall's high water1,and have not as yet all been repaired anclcpebujltj-rthere are in " old AHegany " those "who live andmove and have their' being," — probably- enoughleft, by a prudent husbandry of their resources, torepair and rebuild'the roads, bridges^ and,fences,besides'Bparing a few mor6 to fill up the ranks of theFederal Army; if needed.'

The sugar season just elese«l, lalthough deferringts arrival until late, has been, upon the whole,

above an average one, I think, and large quantitiesof most excellent sugar have been made.: Gather-

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

ing the sap,~the first two or three "runs," was very-tiresome, on account of the great depth of snow-Banks of snow were at hand throughout the entireseason, and "jack wax " was to be had every timewe " sugared off."

Spring, the real, genuine, u gentle spring, etherealmildness," seems at last to have made its advent.Nearly all the different feathered songsters are " onhand," and seem bound to stay with us. The robinsare chirping about, "prospecting" for "desirablesituations" for their ".summer residences," some-times seeming at a dead loss whether to locate upona limb of that old locust, a branch of that pine, thebushy top of one of those cherry trees, or in somequiet little nook (hook rather) of one of those (soonto be) leafy maples, but all bound to "stake outtheir claims " and locate their habitations in imme-diate proximity to, or at least not very remote from,that row of cherry trees so full of rich promises ofa delicious future.

The grass is springing, buds are swelling, andevery thing betokens the speedy opening of a vig-orous and I hope successful campaign. Alreadyhas the plow begun its noble work, and soon thefruitful seed will be committed to the ground.

Farmers, in this section at least, will do well tobe cautious, and not sow more than they can harvestwith the help they now have, or are morally certainto have when harvest time arrives, for many areaway, whom we shall miss at that time more thanever in the want of day laborers in the field. I hopefarmers will be prudent in this respect, for I wantto see the text, " whatsoever a man soweth, that shallhe also reap," literally verified the coming season.

In the course of two weeks, cattle and stock of allkinds will be turned out to grass. Then will theroads, in some sections of our " beloved country,"wherever the miserable, hoggish, piggish practice ofpasturing in the highway prevails, fee crowded witha voracious multitude of cows, young cattle, hogs,geese, &c, constantly on the lookout; hungry, lean,"ring streaked" and "speckled"; "pitching in"wherever a weak place in a fence presents itself;watching the opportunity when your front gatehappens to be left open to steal through and sneakinto the garden, make a delicious repast of your cab-bage and carrot tops, and ruin every thing generally.

Speaking of this barbarous custom, suggests tomy mind a proposition, or " compromise" rather,which I propose to offer to those who persist in itsdetestable practice. But hold! I can not commu-nicate with them through the medium of your col-umns, for I trust that no subscriber to the RURALpastures his cattle in the highway. What then?Ah! I have it now. There are those who are meanenough to borrow the RTJBAL instead of subscribingand paying for it; and upon reflection, I believe theyare just the ones who turn their stock into the longpasture.

My proposition, then, is simply this: That thosewho persist in pasturing the highway, shall buildand keep in good order the road fences. This is nomore than right—no more than we farmers have todo. We fence our pastures, let others fence theirs. \If our stock-raising, road-pasturing friends willaccede to a proposition or compromise of that nature,1 for one, will at once withdraw all my objectionsto pasturing in the highway.

H. T. B.'s article in a late number was a goodone, well-timed, well-directed, and, I am sorry tosay, it hit me right square in the face. It is veryseldom we are without good seasoned firewood; butwe did happen then to be burning, or trying to burn,green wood. Just then I chanced to be splittingwood in the wood-shed. (You see I have a wood-house, and was getting up a pile to be seasoned.)All the afternoon I could distinctly hear the stove-doors and griddles go "rattle-te-bang," "slam-bang," my wife occupying her whole time inkeeping up the fire. 'Twasnot a very pleasantnoise, I assure you. At night the RURAL came. Iread that article, and resolved never to be caughtagain without a good supply of well seasoned fire-wood. If there are others, and I presume there are,who were, or are now destitute of a good supply ofseasoned wood, and to whom that article seemsespecially directed, to them I would say '' go thouand do likewise."

Hoping soon to see in your paper the promisedarticle on the culture of willow fences, (a subject inwhich I feel some interest,) I will close this longand desultory letter, and subscribe myself ever asubscriber to the RURAL. CINCINNATUS.

Fillmore, N. Y., April, 1862.

WESTEBN EDITORIAL NOTES.

THE SCTQAB BEET FOB SUGAR.

I HAVE before alluded to this subject—asked forsamples of sugar beets for analysis, in order todetermine the character of the root as grown onour soils—whether it contained sufficient cane sugarto warrant its cultivation for sugar manufacturingpurposes; and if so, whether any other antagonisticchemical agent was also introduced from our allu-vial lands.

Some specimens were forwarded in response; butof varieties long since discarded in some cases, andin others, specimens badly mixed, not pure. Sothat the effort has resulted in nothing satisfactory.Meantime, Messrs. BELCHER, of this city, had sentto Europe for a quantity of seed of the different andbest varieties of sugar beet cultivated there for thepurposes of manufacture, and Mr. BENDER, thechemist of the company, has prepared the followingarticle on the culture of this root, to accompany theseed as it is distributed to farmers in different parts

. of the North-West, free of cost to them. The objectto be secured in importing and distributing seed inthis manner, is to secure for test purposes samplesfrom different localities, grown on different soils. Itis-desired that small samples of the beets from eachcultivator be sent to the Chicago refinery in thefallj in order that it may be analyzed, and the percent of sugar- contained in the different samplesdetermined.; If it is found -that the samples contain sufficient

sugar to warrant the experiment of manufacturingsugar therefrom, all such samples as may be trans-ported to Chicago without too much cost, will berequired for this experiment After deducting thecost of freight from the value of the sugar producedfrom the roots, the balance will be divided equallybetween the producer and manufacturer. This isthe proposition, and I think it one of great import-ance to the North-West. If the sugar is found in thetoeet in sufficient quantity, measures will be at oncetaken to manufacture it largely; for it is found inFrance and Germany very profitable to do so, withan enormous taxation to burthen production,have in my possession some interesting facts andfigures bearing on this subject, which I may here-after publish. Such, therefore, as desire to try thisexperiment, and aid in the. development of a new,and if successful, profitable branch of husbandry on

our prairies, should send for seed at once. The fol-lowing is the article prepared by Mr. BENDER:

PREPARATION OP THE SEED.—The seed, imme-diately before planting, needs a preparation, bywhich not only worthless seed is at once separatedfrom good seed, but also eggs of insects and germsof fungus, which attack the plants with a sicknesscalled the oidium of the "vine, are to be destroyed.This is done in various ways, many of which partiesexperimenting with the seed ought to try.

Some soak the seed until it moistens the hand.Then it is put in small heaps about six inches high,and left until a slight heat manifests itself. Thenthey proceed with the sowing out.

Others recommend putting the seed for 24 to 30hours in clear lime water, without allowing it toheat.

Again, others dissolve four or five pounds ofchloride of lime (bleaching powder) in 200 lbs. ofwater, and soften 100 lbs, seed in this solution for 24to 30 hours. •' . ,; Sdme soften the seed in warm-water, and dry it bymixing it with powdered lime. It is claimed thatthis is a good prevention of insects. »

A solution of sulphuret of lime and potash is con-sidered an excellent preventive against the attackof the fungus.

SELECTION AND PREPARATION OP THE SOIL.—Itis the rule, dictated by experience, never to placethe beets in a new soil, or on- a soil freshly uncov-ered, or a soil containing roots yet undecomposed.

Hence, clover or lucern oan not precede the beet;the latter succeeds best after a crop of wheat barleyor oats on the same field. . "

Select further, a sandy, loamy, pulverulent soil,permeable for water and charged to a certain depthwith nutritious elements; in short, a soil, welladapted for wheat. Wet, argillaceous and inert cal-carious soil, must be avoided. The quality of thebeet is impaired by a soil too rich in saline matters.Animal manure should never be applied.

The sugar beet requires a deep, mellow, well pul-verized soil, where the root with ease can workdownward. Only in such a soil it attains that per-fect essential conical shape. Hence, the field oughtto be plowed and harrowed often and deep; say atleast twice in the fall, and once in the spring. Thefirst plowing in the fall is done three or four dayBafter the preceding crop of wheat is cut; the soil nothaving dried out yet, offers very little difficulty inworking it. The weeds are rooted out, and exposedby the plowing and subsequent harrowing to thesun, which dries them. As soon as the Beed of theweeds comes to sprouting, a second plowing andharrowing is applied. The removal of the weeds isessential, as they shade the beet plant, and preventdevelopment of sugar. In the spriag, once or twicethe operations of plowing, harrowing, and also roll-ing, are repeated.

SOWING.—This is done about the middle of Mayuntil the first of June, mostly by a machine, whichcombines several contrivances, one of which drawsthe furrow, another drops the seed, the third, a smallroller, covers the seed. The method of transplant-ing has been almost abandoned, and hence we referhere only to the direct planting out in the field indrills.

It is best, for this purpose, to draw every two feetor thirty inches apart, square furrows, about fourinches deep and six inches wide. Make a slightscratch in the bottom of the furrow, drop in theseed and cover it with not more than about three-fourths of an inch of ground; if more, it will havedifficulty in coming up. The seed should be drop-ped about eight inches apart; otherwise, the beetwill grow too large and be less saccharine. Smallbeets, of about tour pounds weight, are more sweetthan large ones.

The office of the square furrow is two-fold. Inthe first place; to offer to the young plant protectionagainst the withering effect of the sun, by the mois-ture which it derives from the surrounding soil. Inthe second place, it permits the ground to remainmore level, while the subsequent plowing and hill-ing between the drills is performed. It prevents theformation of ridges, on which the plant grows,where it would be more or less exposed to the drouth.

The hilling has to be done as often as necessary tokeep the roots under ground; only leaves to beabove ground. Beets have, in this country, a greattendency to lift themselves out of the soil, whichmust effectually be prevented by deep plowing andhilling. For that part of the beet which is exposed"to the atmosphere and light, and assumes a green:olor, is poor in sugar, and tends to decrease the

percentage of sugar in that partof the beet below it.In warm, dry seasons, besides the hilling, a scratch-

ing of the surface of the soil is very advisable. Thismakes the soil porous and adaptedto absorb humid-ity from the atmosphere, and the withered beet leaflooks on the following morning as well as if it hadbeen showered.

HARVESTING.—If the lower leaves of the beetcolor strongly yellow, curl and hang towards theground; which happens in the end of September orbeginning of October, we recognize that the beetshave acquired their full development. It is, how-ever, not necessary to hurry the narvest, as there isnot much tear, until the middle of Octoher or begin-ning of November, that the temperature would sinkbelow 41° Fah., and deteriorate the beet.

Cut off the leaves before pulling, and if you findthe latter hard work, use the aid of the plow, care-fully avoiding to hurt the root. If much soil isattached, remove it by striking two roots againsteach other slightly, or use some instrument for thepurpose.

PRESERVATION.—If the roots pan not at once beremoved from the field to their proper place ofstorage, do not neglect to keep them in a low pile,and cover them up with the beet leaves as protec-tion against frost or rain.

It is not an easy matter to conserve sugar beetswithout their losing something of the quality. Thedifficulty is not to keep them from frost or light, tiutto keep them constantly in such a temperature thatthey can neither rot nor develop their vegetation.

A pretty good, and even for many cases a prefer-able method of keeping beets, is the following:—Putthem into piles, not too large, and not higher thanabout two or three feet, in the open air, and coverthem with straw and ground. It is advisable toprovide channels and air-holes, by which, if neces-sary, the temperature can be regulated. Then thebeet might be kept until May, without losing muchof its, quality.

VARIETIES.—The following are the varieties ofseed received for distribution, and description ofroots:

1. White Magdeburg Beef— usually short andfibrous,, but rich in sugar.

2. Silesian Beet—with white flesh and green col-lar; very productive, and supposed to be the mostadvantageous to this country.

3. Silesian Beet—with rose collar and of equalrichness as the Magdeburg.

4. French Bose-vollard Beet is a white beet underground, and rose-colored above ground; it is veryproductive and rich in sugar.

5. Yellow Globe—supposed to be not so advanta-geous.

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WHAT A WOMAN THINKS OF POOR WOOD.

EDS. RURAL NBW-YORKER :—Having been allmy life a victim of poor wood, I was filled withdelight when I read in a late RURAL H. T. B.'Seloquent denunciation of bad wood. I very believepoor wood has caused more heart ache than any-thing, unless it is intemperance. If the victimsdared speak out, the world would hear a tale ofdistress that could not fail to excite universal sym-pathy. I confess I do not know why people are sorestless under other inflictions, and so tame underthis. I suppose mankind wouldn't endure as muchfrom any other cause, without complaint It seemsto be a pet way we have of afflicting ourselves.Being a matter in our own keeping, we take ourown time to correct the nuisance, and that is never.We keep hoping that the wood will burn, and thatthis year's miseries will be the last; but we keeplearning that the end is not yet. When I wasyoung my father had no woodshed, and he gen-erally burned green wood. We had a terrible timegetting the fire started in the morning, especiallyafter we got a stove. The backlogs used to last

over night, and help the matter some, while weheld on to the old fireplace. Think of digginggreen wood from under two feet of snow, and boil-ing out sap all day;—the customs of the countryjustified it or it would have been regarded as arelic of the barbarouB ages, which in fact it was.

It nearly cost me my life one winter, when I kepta district school; and when I gave that up andmarried my late husband, I am grieved to say itwas not much better. We were poor, and couldnot well afford a woodshed and such conveniences;and yet I have thought we could not " afford" to dowithout one as long as we did. When we got awoodshed, my husband, whose health was nevergood, could not keep up with his other work andhave a Supply of wood ahead.

Since leaving the farm I have bought my wood.Ai first I bought " good dry wood," as the farmerscalled it when they brought it; but it was seasonedout doors, and H. T. B. says, very truly, that is notthe place to season it. Now I buy green wood, andseason it myself under cover; and I do assure youit is a great comfort to me. I feel for the sisterhoodthat are expected to bake good bread, and cookearly dinners, with a smiling face, with miserabledozy of green wood, which, if it is kept going atall, must be watched as attentively as a person justdying with the fever.

H. T. B. says about the literal truth in his article:" One soggy stick puts out the fire, spoils the bread,delays the dinner, and turns mirth to madness.Novelists delight apparently to ventilate and fumi-gate human sorrows; but, so far as I know, thepeculiar miseries of miserable wood defy theirdescriptive powers. They freeze a poor womanand her babes to death for pastime; but they do itby taking away the supply; they seem to judgethat the long drawn out agonies of 'soggy' woodbelong to that department of human woes andhuman wickedness where slow tortures are applied,where victims are killed by inches, and which thedelicate nerves of modern civilization should notbe required.to contemplate."

Just think of this, all you who neglect your woodpile.

But I have serious fault to find with H. T. B.After putting up the bars, he lets them down again.After all his zeal in a good cause, he seems to fallfrom grace—he thinks "wood may be too dry," andhe becomes wonderfully indulgent to his brotherfarmers, which class are the great sinners, and gra-ciously concludes that " it may happen that in spiteof all, you may have to burn some poor wood,' anywood that is dry will burn," &c. Now that is hor-rible ;—" may have to burn some poor wood." Whatwould you think of a minister who should preach athrilling discourse .against thieving, and end bysaying, " My brethren, after all it may happen thatyou will now and then have to steal a sheep—Itrust you will not rob any one of all he has."

I tell you frankly, that if poor wood is toleratedat all, we shan't get anything else. It's just likedrinking spirits—if you begin, you won't stop.Toted abstinence from bad wood is a Christian duty.There are always excuses enough for having poorwood—it won't do to tolerate it at all. If farmerswait to burn up their " old rails" and rubbish, beforethey allow themselves anything better, their wivesmay as well give up first as last.

If H. T. B. had castigated the men that supplypoor wood to their families, and then stopped, Icould have thanked him from the bottom of myheart; but I must say I hope he will live longenough to make amends. ANN C. K.

" A D VALOREM" AND HIS "AXIOM." —Well,friend" A D VALOREM," I have juBt pulled off my old bluefrock, and now pick up my pen to say that your"axiom " needs a proof to establish its verity; not amore ilemphatic assertion," while my "hold" iswell secured by unquestionable principles, embodiedin the general laws of physiology. People may thinkof slaughtering lean animals for food when drivento a certain extremity, but I guess not with so much'" more profit" after all. Ninety-nine hundredths ofthe " pork raisers " of Western New York will lookyou " right square in the face " and say that the lastweek of feeding pays best. What butcher objects toan anima\ because it is excessively fat? You mustprove by a chemical analysis, that the flesh of ananimal excessively fat differs from one less so, insomething else besides fibrous tissue and carbon,before the "axiom" is a "self-evident truth." Youalso broadly assert that "fermentedfood is not health-ful for men or brutes." I think there are exceptions;at all events unleavened bread " ain't the style abouthere."—E. M. P., Gates, N. T., May, 1862.

Sift*

Fumigating Comb in Bee-Hives—Moth-Traps.EDS. RURAL NEW-YORKER:—In the impression

of the RURAL dated Nov. 16,186}, I observe that acorrespondent makes the following inquiry:—"Willa sulphur match burned under a hive kill the moth-worm, after removing the bees to another box orhive?"

Yes; the fumes of a burned " sulphur match," ifsufficient, will certainly destroy the moth-worm.Such combs only, however, should be fumigated asare freed from brood, as the fumes of sulphur wouldbe very liable to destroy it also. There is but abrief period when all the combs in a hive may befumigated, without endangering the loss of anybrood; the bees, of course, should always be firstremoved, when in a common box-hive, to anotherbox or hive. The period referred to is late in thefall and during the first part of winter. In WesternNew York breeding of beea ceases, in general,about the middle of November, and is again re-sumed, about the middle of January ensuing. Itwill therefore be observed that there is a recess ofabout sixty days only, during the year, when a goodhealthy colony has no brood. At this period of theyear, when there is no brood, there are but fewmoth-worms; they are most numerous in warmweather. Very likely there would be as manymoth-Worms as soon as breeding ceases as at anyperiod during the cessation of breeding. As soonas breeding ceases, therefore, would be the best timeto fumigate the combs to insure the destruction ofthe most worms. In box-hires, hives not suppliedwith movable frames, to determine the exact timewhen there is no brood in the combs, it would benecessary to resort to guessing! I trust that mycontemporary is an expert at guessing! To guesscorrectly is a very essential qualification to suchbee-keepers as advocate the old-fashioned bex-hive!After having ascertained, by guessing, when thecolony has no brood, the bees may be driven outinto another box or hive, and the combs thoroughlyfumigated. It would be advisable to confine thebees, as they might, having no combs or stores, betempted to abandon their temporary home. They

should be allowed plenty of air. All ihe crevicesabout the hive from which the bees were driven,should be closed with some suitable material, toconfine the fumes of the sulphur as much as possi-ble. Were I to resort to this means of destroyingthe moth-worm,—but I trust I shall never beobliged to,—I am not positive that I should be con-tent with less than a half-day's fumigation! Themoth-worms would never have any desire to getinto my hives again! But to return to our subjectAfter the combs have been thoroughly fumigated, itwould be advisable to invert the hive, and subjectthem for a few hours to the exposure of the air. Bythis means a large percentage of the scent of thesulphur will be removed. I should judge that thescent, of the sulphur would be quite annoying tothe bees; that,is, if they were returned immediatelyafter the fumigation, and before the combs had beensubject to any exposure to the air. I would herecaution the bee-keeper not to use too much sulphur,inasmuch as it would be quite likely to soil thecombs; it would color them green.

It will be apparent that the foregoing directionsare for fumigating combs in box-hives—hives notprovided with/romes. Box-hives are the kind thatthis correspondent, whose inquiiy I am answering,uses, It is, therefore, not so very strange that heBhould make the inquiry under consideration. Onthe other hand, had his bees been in properly madeframe hives, and had he made himself practicallyacquainted with the merits and advantages of theframes, and also, had he learned the fact that theprogeny of the bee-moth is an extremely harmlessenemy to good healthy colonies of bees, he wouldcertainly not have penned the inquiry which hasclaimed our attention.

It should be borne in mind by all bee-keepers,that the proper time to destroy moth-worms is earlyin the spring. They should be destroyed as fast asthey make their appearance. At this season of theyear every good colony should have more or lessbrood, which would prevent fumigating the combswith sulphur. We should, therefore, rely uponother means of destroying the worms. It will beobvious that, in case a i r the worms are destroyed,there would be no millers. The beat way of de-stroying the worms that I have found, is to examinemy colonies (which, of course, are in frame hives,)quite often in the spring, by taking out the framesof combs, and killing all the worms. When thecontents of a hive can be taken out, and each combcan be thoroughly examined on both sides, it mustbe apparent that it is not difficult to find every wormin the hive, and when found, to destroy them. Afew worms killed early in spring, are equivalent toa very large number later in the season. Moth-traps are often very useful, and quite as often veryinjurious. When properly attended to, a greatmany worms may be caught and killed; but whennot properly attended to, they furnish an excellentharbor for the moth-worms, where they often gothrough the necessary metamorphoses, and at lastbecome millers. The moth-worms generally findharboring places enough without providing,themwith any. It is quite often the case t&at too muchdependence is placed on the moth decoys. Theproper place to find the moth-worms is among thecombs, and hence the combs should be examinedoften, and the worms killed before they are oldenough to leave them to harbor in the moth decoys;comb being their only food, their ravages are fin-ished when they leave them. All things considered,the best moth decoys are strong, healthy colonies ofbees. M. M. BALDRIDGE.

Middleport, Niagara Co., N. Y., 1862.

FLEAS.—Can any reader of the RURAL inform we what willexterminate fleas from a large barn, and very much oblige—ASUBSCRIBER, Brant Co., C. W., 1862.

SOWING; TIMOTHY.—I would like the views of RURALreaders as to the best time to sow timothy seed, and how to fitthe ground for the same.— A SUBSCRIBER, Elba, Dodae Co ,Wis., 1862. y '

WHAT AILS THE LAMBS.—Can you, or any of your readers,tell me what ails my lambs, or what causes their death? Upto this time I have lost upward ot sixty, and have now abouttwenty alive. Nearly all have bunches or balls in their throat;some one and others two. The bunches are from three-fourthsof an inch to two inches in diameter, and two or three inchesin length. My ewes consist of Leicesters, Merinos, and theircrosses. Their food the past winter was good clover hay, stalks,wheat straw, salt at all times, water, and one bushel of earsof corn per day for 160 head. Some say that the hay has donethe mischief, while others contend that the corn has killedthe lambs. Some were dropped before fully matured.Many others in this and adjoining towns have lost nearly allwith the same disease, while a few flocks raise about all.Any information would be thankfully received by many inthis section of country.—D. COONRADT, Albion, Mich.

ABOUT CLOVER—INFORMATION WANTED.—I have read theRURAL considerably. My father is a subscriber. We thinka great deal of it. I have seen communications on almostevery subject but the one I want to be informed about. Threeyears ago last fall we had a piece of clover near our cowpasture, and as our feed got short, we cut some of the secondcrop and fed it to them. In the fal], we plowed this clover lot,sowed it to wheat, seeded it with herdsgrass in the fall andclover in the spring. The herdsgrass took good, but wherewe had mowed off the clover, we could not find a single rootof the plant. Will some one please inform me the reasonwhy the clover did not take in those spots? We mowed thepiece wherever the grass was the thickest, and without anyparticular shape, yet the next summer you could see theexact course of the mowings.—A READER, Salina, 2V. T.

WIND MILL.—Can you inform me where I can obtain agood wind milr for raising water, sawing wood, and doingother work?—R., Southvnck, Mass., 1862.

Messrs. E. W. MILLS & Co., Skaneateles, N. Y., furnish agood mill for tfcp purposes named—the best within our knowl-edge. It was illustrated and described in RURAL of November23,1861.

LICE ON CATTLE.— In looking over the columns of yourvaluable paper, I saw an inquiry for a remedy for lice on cattle.Knowing a sure one, I thought I would pen it. Take sassa-fras bark, steep it in water two hours, then apply with spongeor hand.—E. H. M.

FEEDING COWS THEIR OWN MILK.— In answer to the " Pa.SuBfecrtfaer" of the RURAL, " if it would hurt a cow to feedher h^Bwn milk," I would say we have owned a cow nearlythree years, during which time she has been fed all her ownmilk that we had to spare, both sweet and sour, is always ingood order, is farrow this year, yet has furnished milk andcream for a small family, and made 60 pounds of butter sinceJanuary 1st, 1862, which my epicurean friends pronounceexcellent—in fact, think it cannot be beaten. We keep herin a warm barn, give her plenty of hay, with one quart ofcorn meal in her mess, (of milk, potato parings, etc.,) in themorning, and a few carrots at night. She refuses to eat salt,and seems to thrive just as well without it, has a bright eye,carries a high head, and manifests more intelligence generallythan many other beings who claim to be human. I believeshe is called common breed, but we have always consideredher an uncommon cow. I am not a farmer, but I have asister who is, and she thinks she could not get along at allwithout your valuable paper.

When I started out, I intended to give you my way ofmanaging milk, making butter, etc., but as there are so manyothers who probably have a better way, and as I have alreadycarried this beyond a " brief," I will close by wishing you allmanner of success henceforth and forever.—BESSIE LA»LE,Beaver Dam, TPfe.,186C.

[We will look for that mode of "managing milk, makingbutter, etc.,'' and hope " BESSIE " will not forget to favor theRURAL with a full account. Those who make butter which" cannot be beaten.," are under bonds to tell the truth, andthe whole truth. Don't "hide your light under a bushel."—EDS. R. N. Y.]

feral Nates anirTHE WEATHER for the week ending the 18th (Sunday) Wa8

very favorable for out-door operations — clear and warmVegetation made rapid strides, and we never witnessed a morespeedy or beautiful blooming of fruit trees. There has beenbut little rain for two weeks. The present week opened witha chill —the temperature of Monday being over 30 degreesbelow that of the preceding day. A severe frost was expectedon Monday night, but cloudy and windy weather preventedany injury. As we write (Tuesday, A. M.,) the weather isbecoming milder, with indications of seasonable heat andsunshine. Letters from the Western States and Canada West(extracts from some of which we publish below,) give veryencouraging reports concerning the prospects of fanners andhorticulturists since the advent of warm, spring-like weatherThe long-deferred seed-time is a busy and joyous season.

THE SEASON IN THE WEST — Chicago, May 16, 1862.—Thepast week has been delightful, warm spiring weather, with theexception of a single day. Seed has germinated quickly, andplants grow rapidly. Trees are in full leaf, nearly. Blossomsare bursting with, beauty. The strawberry beds are whitewith promises of fruit. It has been splendid weather forcorn planting, and from reports received it has been improvedThe heavy rain of Tuesday improved the grass prospectFrom every quarter I hear encouraging reports of the con-dition of the fruit. A letter just at hand from G. H. BAKBESouth Pass, IH,, says the fruit prospect there is " good, verygood. We now have, at this time, the best show for a goodcrop I ever saw in Egypt; all trees are loaded with fruit, bothon the hills and in the valleys. Our strawberries look well,but are suffering for want of rain now, and will be seriouslyinjured if we do not get rain in a few days." This U an im-portant item, inasmuch as we are getting to look South forour early taste of strawberries. Prices for produce are lowhere, though yesterday corn reached a higher figure thanbefore in over one year—29 cents.—c. D. B.

CROP PROSPECTS IN CADADA WEST.—Though the season islate, we have favorable reportsfrom Canada West, especially asto the appearance and prospects of winter wheat and fruit. Aletterjust received from W.E. SIBLEY, Esq.,St. Catharines, sajs:" Within the past two weeks I have been through ten of ourbest wheat growing counties, lying between St. Catharinesand Colling wood, and am happy to be able to say that I neversaw the winter wheat looking so well at this season. Prd|.pects for fruit are also excellent." Mr. J. MACKBLOAN, Jr., ofHamilton, under date of May 15, writes:—" Weather warm.Fruit trees heavily loaded with bloom. Winter wheat lookingwell. Spring crops generally backward."

TBAM FOR A MOLE PLOW—Mole Drains.—The best team isa good yoke of oxen; for they will work successfully wherehorses would flounder and fret, and do nothing. This teamwill be sufficient if a capstan is used. I know there are moleplows, with small moles, which are drawn just as a subsoilplow is drawn, and operated by the plowman in much thesame manner; but I confess to little faith in their utility.More team will be required to manage them. A mole drain,put in 3 to 3K feet deep in stiff clay, has lasted withoutrepair seven years, in Illinois, and is now apparently In asgood condition as when made There are many drains of thischaracter, three to five years old, as good as new, running aconstant stream of water winter and summer. It is difficultto say how long they will last; but there is abundant testi-mony to sustain the assertion that, if new moles have to becut every three years, it will pay to do so, even at an expenseof twenty-five cents per rod; but it is easy now to get thiswork done, and done well, at ten to fifteen cents per rod,depending upon the depth required and the size of the moleused.—c. D. E.

. » .GREAT WOOL EXHIBITION AT THE OHIO STATE FAIK.—The

Cleveland Herald announces that the State Board of Agricul-ture has decided on having a grand exhibition of wool duringthe coming State Fair in that city, and for^this purpose hasestablished premiums and appointed awarding committeesthat will induce growers to send in their wool for competition.Four classes have been arranged, comprising Felting Wools,Delaine Wools, Cassimere Wools, and Combing Wools. Ineach class there will be three premiums, of $20, $10, and $6,respectively. None but actual growers are allowed to exhibit,and competition is open to all parts of the United States andthe Canadas. Samples must contain not less than twentyfleeces. The Awarding Committees are partly composed ofexperienced Eastern manufacturers and practical Westernwool men. A capacious building will be erected for the con-venience of exhibition, and a wool sale at auction will closethe Fair.

WESTERN LANDS ADVANCING.—It is stated that unimprovedlands in Illinois, so long a drug in the market, are sellingrapidly at fair prices. Well improved farms were in greatdemand during the months of March and April, and quite anumber changed hands at remunerative prices. The IllinoisCentral Railway Company sold, during the month of April,6,000 acres of unimproved lands, 27,440 acres from January 1to May 1, inclusive. This is an increase over the four monthspreceding the first of January, and indicates a stability in thefarming interests of the West, which is " a great country " forother things than Corn and Sorghum.

PREMIUM LIST SOB. N. Y. STATE FAIR.—We are in receiptof a handsome pamphlet containing the List of Premiumsand Regulations for the Twenty-Second Annual Fair of theNew York State Ag. Society, to be held at Rochester, Sept. 30and Oct. 1, 2, 3, 1862, It contains all necessary informationfor exhibitors, and may be obtained by addressing the Cor-responding Secretary, Col. B. P. JOHNSON, Albany. Copieswill probably be sent to Rochester, Buffalo, Syracuse, &c.,for distribution.

AGRICULTURAL FAIRS, &C.—The 21st Annual Exhibition efthe Queens Co. Ag. Society is to beheld at the Fashion PleasureGrounds, at Newtown, on the 18th and 19th of Sept. next.The Chautauqua Co. Fair is to be held at Panama, on 10th,11th, and 12th oi September; and the Mowing Match on the2d of July. The Chautauqua Farmers' afid Mechanics'.Union will hold its fourth Annual Fair and Cattle Show onthe beautiful grounds of the Union at Fredonia, Sept 24th,25th, and 26th. The Susquehanna Valley Ag. Society'ssixth Annual Fair is to be held at Unadilla, Sept. 23d and24th.

DEAR RURAL :— This day's issue, I believe, • completes thenumber for which I have paid for you. Inclosed please findtwo dollars to secure your continued visits to our humblehome. You have always been received by us with a joyouswelcome', for your chaste and truthful character, your com-prehensive grasp and lucid elucidation of all subjects in theline of your discussions. But now you are doubly dear to usfor your noble, manly, and uncringing patriotism in thesedays of our country's peril I Come to us! We cannot spareyou.—E. A. W., Vermont, N. Y., May 10,1862.

A DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.—The bill establishing anindependent Department of Agriculture has passed bothHouses of Congress, and only requires the signature of &«President to become a law. The act creates a new Depart-ment, distinct from all others, at the head of which is to be aCommissioner, with a salary of $3,000. We shall publish thebill in a future number, and may then comment upon itsprovisions.

, • • •

SUPERIOR MAPLE SUGAR.—We are indebted to Mrs. W. H.BENEDICT, of Coventryville, Chenango county, for severalsamples of maple sugar, two of which are superior in colorand grain to any we have seen for years, if ever. Mrs. B. saysher husband considers "Farmer Axehelve's" method of sugar-making (given in RURAL of March 29th last,) preferable tothe " patents " with which many have been humbugged this

STEEPING BARLEY BEFORE SOWING.—According to a writerin the Homestead, seed barley should be steeped before sow-ing, in a solution of copperas or blue vitriol, the same as isoften done for wheat, and then rolled in plaster enough to dryi t He says it has the effect of giving it a rapid start, andmakes it come up strong and dark-colored. He thinks thebenefit equal to ten extra loads of manure per acre.

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

PABKS AND PLEASURE GROUNDS.

THE following interesting article, which we com-mend to the attention of every farmer who has chil-dren to educate, a wife to make happy, or a heartsusceptible to nature's beauties, is by P. BARRY:

THE present is a time of agricultural improve-ment and progress without a parallel in this country.Improved implements, improved stock, better culti-vation, better fences and buildings, meet ue every-where in the couutry; and farmers are growing"ricV" in the common acceptation of that term.We rejoice at this, and so must every man who feelsa lively interest in our national welfare, becauseagriculture is our main stay. If it fails to prosper,we can have no prosperity. It is the produce ofour farms—the fruits of farm industry—that ani-mate trade and commerce, that build up cities andvillages, construct railroads and canals, and coverour lakes and rivers and the broad seas with fleetsof vessels. What a calamity—what an universalpanic and prostration of business would the failureof even one crop over the whole country bringupon us!

Agricultural progress and prosperity, then, aresubjects that no man, whatever may be Ms calling,can regard with indifference; and the agriculturalclasses themselves, as a body, by their intelligence,industry, energy, and manly independence, com-mand universal admiration and respect These areour honest sentiments — not the fulsome flattery ofa stump speech or holiday oration. Our sympathiesare, and ever have been, and will be, with the tillersof the soil. Our own life, so far, has been spent inthe country, and "we have earned our bread by thecultivation of the soil. We can speak of both itstoils and pleasures from actual experience. Weknow that some regard it as a vulgar and ploddingpursuit, fit only for strong, rough, and uneducatedmen; but the number of those who think so isdiminishing ftpidly. Men of taste and intelligenceare now ambitious of being agriculturists; andschools and colleges for training the sons of farmersare beginning to attract attention, and will soonwork a change in public sentiment in regard to therespectability and importance of the agriculturalprofession.

This brings us to the point on which we proposedto make a few suggestions, when we took up ourpen. We wish to see the farmer's home —thefanner's life—= made more attractive. Hitherto, asa general thing, the improvements which have beenmade are of the useful kind, having reference mainlyto the supply of man's physical wants. Most of ourfarms must be regarded as mere manufactories offood and clothing; very little has been done togratify the intellect, taste, or feelings — the higherand nobler attributes of our nature. And this isone reason, beyond a doubt, why many young per-sons who have, by means of education, reading, andsociety, acquired a certain, degree of refinement,become dissatisfied with agricultural life, and havesought the city. Intelligent, educated men, can notsurely remain satisfied with being mere growers ofgrain and breeders of stock,—they must love theirhome; and to merit their love and attachment, thathome must possess something of beauty, for thelove of the beautiful is an instinct of man's nature.A large portion of the population is continually onthe move; — the old home has no hold on theiraffections—or at least not enough to overcome thenovelty of a new one. We see the populationdiminishing in the very heart of the finest agricul-tural districts in America, where nothing is so muchneeded as human beings. It is at certain seasonsimpossible to procure laborers enough to do thework. This state of things is unfavorable to theperfect development of the country's resources, andequally unfavorable to the attainment of a higherand happier social condition.

It is not unreasonable, we trust, to expect, andeven to urge, some reform on this point. Makehome attractive;—cultivate the taste, and feelings,and affections, as well as you do your fields. Whyshould a wealthy farmer, with his 50,100, or 200 or300 acres of land, content himself with a rod or twoof a door-yard, and a dozen of shade trees, shapedand managed after the precise fashion of a villageplot? Why can he not, just as well, have a parkand pleasure-ground of several acres around hishouse, broad glades of lawn, and groups of trees,separated from the cultivated portions of the farmby green hedges? This, with a well-stocked orchardand good ample kitchen-garden, would come up toour ideas of a country home; and it would beimpossible for children to grow up in such a homewithout becoming attached to it, and having theirtastes expanded, their feelings refined, or without

.appreciating the comforts and blessings of a countrylife. A rod or two of a door-yard for a farm-house!—what a mockery! There is somethingincongruous in the very look of it that can not failto strike every observing person.

But some careful farmer will ask us, " How canwe afford to lay out parks and pleasure-grounds,and ke,ep them in fine condition? It would cost us.more than the whole labor of our farms. Onlythink of what an expenditure of money and labortMs hedging, and planting, and mowing this pleas-ure-ground would involve. It would be all verywell if we could afford it; but that we can not, andwe .must leave it to retired gentlemen who havemade their fortunes in town, and come out into thecountiy to spend them."

But we reply, You can carry out our plan withoutincurring a heavy expense. Hundreds of farmersin our w n county of Monroe can make such a parkas we jwopose, without feeling the cost. Fence off,with Qeage Orange or Buckthorn, at a cost of abouttwenty to twenty-five cents a rod, five to ten acres ofland immediately .around your dwelling. Seed itdown, and it will produce good crops of hay. Youc&a get plenty-of young Maples, Elms, Tulip trees,Basgwoods, Ash, and other native trees, in thewoods, which can betaken up andplantedatleisureintervals in the fall, when farm labor is over, andearly in spring, before it commences, and evenduring winter, in mild weather. Until ,the trees arewell-established, it will be necessary to cultivateifae soil around them. It <will not be necessary tocover the whole ground with trees, but merely toscatter them here and there in groups, and singly,to give it a park-like character which will distin-guish it at once from the cultivated fields. A littlecan be done now, and a little again, as leisureaffords; and in a few years the work will show.Meantime the land is cropped profitably; for hay isalways a paying crop, and an indispensable one.The ground nearest the house may be planted withsome rarer trees —a portion of them evergreens.A small portion of the ground near the house might

be separated from the main body of the park by awire fence, or movable hurdle fence, and keptmowed; and if embellished with a few floweringihrubs, and a few beds of flowers, all the better.But these, for economy's sake, can very well bedispensed with. When the planting is finished, andthe trees fairly established, the park might be pas-tured with sheep, as many parks are in Europe; andthus it would always have a closely cut surfacewithout the expense of mowing, and the sheepwould be an interesting feature in its scenery.When forest trees are not within reach, we wouldrecommend the raising of them from seed, er smallplants can be purchased at the nurseries for $2 or

per 100, which, with a oouple of years' growthin nursery rows, will be fit for final planting out.Only go about it, and the means will not be wanting.

PROPAGATION OF THE GRAPE.

MANY persons now have the new grapes, obtainedwhen scarce and dear, which they would like toincrease. The grape roots very freely from layers,as all grape-growers know, and cuttings are suc-cessful under favorable circumstances. C. REMELIN,of Cincinnati, gives in the Ohio Farmer an accountof what is called a new French method of propa-gating the vine, said to have been practiced success-fully by Dr. ESQUOT, which we give below for theinformation of our readers. It seems to us, how-ever, there is but little new in the plan, as we havepracticed something very similar scores of times:

" The labor falls into two distinct periods. Duringthe first, grape vines of every length are carefullybent and stretched along the ground, and fastenedby means of hooks or the soil, thus:

" This labor must be performed toward the endof April, or sooner or later, according to locality,but certainly before the development of the buds.These will develop soon after, and attain a growthof five to eight inches. It is obvious that all thebuds, wherever they may be upon the vinesextended, as above, along the ground, assume avertieal position. The branches having grown fiveto eight inches, the second period of the procedurearrives, and this consists in forming along theextended grape vine, little ditches, about three tofive inches deep, and depositing in these the vines,fastening them again with hooks, and covering themwith earth. While now each sprout which hasgrown as above stated from the bud, is held in itsvertical position by short stakes about twelve toeighteen inches long, and progresses in its growth,there develop beneath the vine, in the ground, asufficient amount of roots to supply all the nourish-ment required, thus:

"The general mother vine—which, under otherculture, has to maintain often as many as a hundredand more grape-children, and to which,' under thetreatment here explained, are left only four to fiveon the parent vine, among which the nourishmentis distributed—now receives additional food by thedescending sap from the new formed roots, whichenables it to produce new branches for next year'suse again. It is self-understood, that the removalof the superfluous branches, so as to leave only fouror five for next year, must not be omitted. Duringthe summer, frequent hoeing is necessary. In thefall, the vines covered with grapes and leaves willlook thus:

"At the end of the season, there will have formedthemselves, at all the buds and branches imbeddedin earth in the spring, as directed, new^individualvines, which may be separated by the pruningknife, by cutting in twain the old vine between thenew vines. In somewhat moist and too sandy soil,the result will always be a good one. The vineswill in the fall, when the leaves and grapes are offand they are severed from the stakes, present thisappearance:

SEASONABLE NOTES.

FOR liie past week or two the weather has beenwarm and dry, favorable in every respect for theflowering of the fruit trees, .especially the moretender kinds, like the peach, that suffer extremelyfrom cold rains and cutting winds. We have neverknown a season when everything looked so favor-able for an abundant crop of fruit Every tree iscovered with flowers, and our gardens and orchardspresent a scene of beauty we have seldom seenequaled. Of course we cannot tell what may be inthe future, but unless we are visited by untimelyfrost or cold rains and wind, our trees will be loadeddown with fruit, making thinning necessary tosecure specimens of good size and fine quality.

Our well known scientific friend, " C. D.," sendsus the following notes of the weather for the firsthalf of May:—" This half month has given us muchpleasant weather, more days nearly destitute ofclouds than i& common, and rain in small propor-tion. At the end of the first week the flowers hadonly slowly appeared, but the next week, exceptthe good check of a day cooler, vegetation wasrapid, and cherries, plums and peaches were loadedwith flowers, and the pear trees are promising soonto put on a white vail. The fruit trees are as for-

ward as last year at the same time. The earthdried rapidly at the close of April and beginningof May, so that the farmer has been able to hastenhis out-door operations. The white frost, and agood deal of it, on the 14th, did no injury to fruitblossoms.

" The average temperature of this half is belowthat of 25 years only three-fourths of a degree, andwas 52.6°. The hottest noon was 77°, the 12th, andthe coldest morning at sunrise, 41°, the 14th, butthe coldest at 7 A. M. was 42°, the 8th. On the 13ththe heat fell all day, being only 44° at noon, andless at night, and hence the frost of the 14th, as thesky was clear. The last eight days were clear,morning and evening, and nearly so in mid-day.

"So beneficent have been the orderings of Provi-dence that the season is full of promise of good forman and beast The wheat and grass fields gratifythe eye and inspire hope, while the trees in flowerand foliage are clothed in beauty."

The later TULIPS are now in flower, and thedisplay is very fine, especially at the grounds ofELLWANGER & BARRY, who have a good collection.The NARCISSUS is just passing^out of flower, thoughsome of the later varieties are still in bloom. Thisis a fine class of flowers, including the common andwell-known Daffodil and Jonquil, the former beingabout the only variety found in our gardens. Theyare mostly perfectly hardy; should be planted inthe autumn, like the Hyacinth, but may remain inthe ground a number of years, and until they becomeso thick and matted as to make a division of theroots necessary. Some of them are double, and arevery showy, but the single sorts are more delicateand prettier. The Early Double Daffodil is of abright yellow. Incomparable Pleno, very double,light yellow or straw color, intermixed with darkyellow or orange.

COMMON NARCISSUS.

The engraving will give a very good idea of theform of the single flowers,, and the central cupwhich being of a different color from the six petals,makes these flowers exceedingly attractive. Somehave the- petals of a light yellow, and the cuporange—others with the petals white and the cupyellow; while the Poe¥s Narcissus, sometimescalled Pheasant's Eye, is snowy .white, the cupscream color, with a delicate fringed edge of red,which gives itB latter name. Then there are somevarieties with the cups very large and long, in theform of a trumpet One of the best of these iscalled the Sulphur Trumpet, with the cup or trum-pet nearly two inches in length, and broad at theextremity.

POLYANTHUS NARCISSUS.

The most beautiful class of the Narcissus familyhowever, is the Polyanthus Narcissus. The flowersare produced in clusters or trusses of from half adozen to three times this number. The engraving,which we had taken from a cluster of medium size,shows the habit Like the others, they show everyshade of color, from the purest imaginable white todeep orange—the cup of the white varieties beingyellow, and of the yellow sorts orange. These are.not as hardy as the other varieties, but are suffi-ciently so for general culture in this latitude in awell drained soil.

Some notes of the early flowering shrubs we mustdefer until the next number.

A OOAT FOR THE GARDEN.

EDS. RURAL NEW-YORKER:—AS now is the timefor the opening of gardening, I have one bit ofadvice to give, which those who adopt it will thankme for.

When your beds are made, sprinkle them overwith soot, or with powdered charcoal, or pulverizedrotten wood, or all these together. The object is tohave a black surface. Black is a conductor of heat,and will answer the purpose of glass,—without itsinconvenience,—as well as enrich the soil, soot espe-cially. Rotten wood will do better on moist soils.

At each dressing, this coat will be worked intothe soil, and should be repeated after the hoe hasremoved the weeds and grass. Thus manure is

almost constantly being added, and the groundimproved. I have seen this thing demonstrated bya neighbor of mine with entire success. It was asecret of his.

Plaster, ashes, and other fertilizers may be added,though the darker the coat the better, as color is theobject A few applications only are necessary, asthat will let you into the cummer, when there willbe heat enough without It is intended mostly for astart in the spring when there is a lack of heat—~'. G., Starkville, N. Y.

THIS secret we have given in the RURAL, in ourgardening notes, occasionally, for the last five or sixyears. It is particularly advantageous in the cultureof the radish. Our correspondent, however, claimsfar too much for Ihe plan, when he proposes to dis-pense with the use of glass. '

CONSERVATORY IN THE CENTRAL PARK, N. Y.—The CentralPark Commissioners have contracted with Messrs. Parsons &Co., of Flushing, for the construction of a grand conservatory,the largest in the United States, upon the Park ground. Thebuilding is to be a "Crystal Palace," of iron and glass, 200feet long, 70 feet wide, and about 50 feet high. Its base willbe a parallelogram, and there will be three stories, curvinginwarddike the' successive folds of a turban. The conserva-tory will front Fifth avenue, its center being opposite 74thstreet; and directly in its rear will be a beautiful little pond,with walled side's of a symmetrical shape, which will be builtduring the coming two years. When the Fifth avenue isgraded to its proper height, it will be on a level with thesecond story of the proposed conservatory; and the mainentrance to the edifice will therefore be on that story. Stairsand balconies will give access to every portion of tlie build-ing. The contract provides that the grantees must erect thebuilding entirely at their own expense, after the plans alreadyagreed upon; that they must place in it nothing but flowers, orrare trees or plants; thatthey shall be allowed to sell bouquets,etc., to visitors; that the public shall always be admitted free;that good order shall always be maintained inside, at theexpense of the grantees; and that the work shall be com-pleted by the first of January, 1864. The grantees, on theirparts, agree to pay a rent which will add considerably to therevenues of the Park. The conservatory will cost about$50,000.—Gardeners' Monthly.

THE QUANTITIES OP SEED REQUIRED TO SOW A GIVENEXTENT OP SPACE.— Messrs. Drummond, seedsmen of Ster-ling and Dublin, in their very useful " Directions for Sowingand Cultivating Vegetable Seeds," have given the followingquantities, which we recommend to the notice of our amateurreaders as a safe guide to them at this season:

Peas.—1 pint, or 1 lb., wiJl sow a row from 40 to 60 feet ofa single row, in which way peas should always be sown.

Kindey Beans.— 1 pint, or 1 lb., will sow a row of about 80feet.

Onions.—1 oz. of seed will sow a bed (broadcast) 4 feet by12, or-50 to 100 feet of drill.

Leeks.—1 oz. of seed will sow a bed (broadcast) 4 feet by14, or about 100 feet of drill.

Carrots.—1 oz. of seed will sow 60 to 70 feet of a row.Parsnips.—1 oz. of seed will sow 100 feet of a row.Turnips.—I oz. of seed will sow from 100 to 120 feet of a

drill.Cabbage.—I oz. of seed will sow a bed 4 feet by 10.Savoys.—The same.German Greens, or Borecole.—1 oz. of seed will sow a bed

4 feet by 12.Brussels Sprouts, Cauliflower, and Broccoli.—The same.Parsley.—1 oz. will sow 80 feet of a row.Spinach.—The same.

A GOOD LIQUID GRAFTING WAX.—"Horticola" gives inthe Horticulturist the following method of making a goodliquid grafting wax. It is said to be a French invention:

" Mejt one pound of common rosin over a gentle fire. Addto it an ounce of beef tallow, and stirlt well. Takeitfromthefire, let it cool down a little, and then mix with it a tablespoon-ful of spirits of turpentine, and after that about seven ounces o-very strong alcohol (95 per cent,) to be had at any druggist*,store. The alcohol cools it down so rapidly that it will benecessary to put it again on the fire, stirring it constantly.Still, the utmost care must be exercised to prevent the alcoholfrom getting inflamed. To avoid'it, the best way is to removethe vessel from the fire when the lump that may have beenformed commences melting again. This must be continuedtill the whole is a homogeneous mass similar to honey. Aftera few days' exposure to the atmosphere in a thin coat, itassumes a whitish color, and becomes as hard as stone,being impervious to water and air."

GARDENS AND TREES IN SENECA COUNTY.—The AgriculturalSociety of Seneca county has offered premiums for the bestgardens, and also for the greatest number of shade trees setout by any person. The following are the committees towhom application must be made by those who wish to com-pete for premiums:

On Gardens.— Win. Knox, Waterloo P. O.; P. P. HoweH. F. Gustin.

On Shade Trees.—Joseph Wright, Waterloo P. O.; N. NHayt,- E. L. Stevenson.

The chairmen of the above committees, who are the firstnamed, should be notified by the 10th of June, by those wh<desire to have their farms or gardens visited. It is not neces-sary to invite the attendance of the Committee on ShadeTrees, as the affidavit of persons applying for the premium iirequired as to the number of trees set out, and the numberliving on the 1st of September.

A NEW BOOK ON GRAPE CULTURE.—"We have just receiveda new work on grape culture and wine making, by JOHNPHIN, Esq., of this city. It is a very neat book ot 375 pages,'well printed, and illustrated quite liberally with fine woodengravings. Mr. PHIN has devoted a good deal Of time to thepreparation of this, work, diligently consulted ,the best workson the subject, both American and foreign, and has had thebenefit of some experience. A few years since Mr. P. pre-pared an essay on open air, grape culture, and secured theprize offered by the American Institute for the best paper onthe subject. "We have not time now to examine the work, butwill give a more extended notice next week. C. M. SAXTON, ofNew York, is the publisher, and D. M. DEWEY, of this city,general agent, by whom it will be sent free of postage onreceipt of one dollar:

WILD TOMATOES.—In 1849, an overland party, en route forthe gold diggings, while passing down the dry bed of a creeknear tl|e port of Comondu, found large quantities of tomatoesgrowing in (apparently) a wild state. They were small, red,and delicious—at least to the taste of the famished travelers.Whether they are indigenous or not, I cannot tell, but theland had no appearance of being cultivated. Tomatoes offine quality, and very smooth, and less acid than ours, arefound in most of the village markets in Mexico, and are eatenraw.—C-, "W. G., in Country Gentleman.

PLANTS RECEIVED.—We are indebted to C. B. MILLER,Esq., of New York, Secretary of the Brooklyn HorticulturalSociety, for several hew and valuable plants. In the noteaccompanying them, Mr. M. says:—"General McClellan is thebest double yet produced,' and for which the Brooklyn Horti-cultural Society awarded a special premium. Raised by JOHICADNESS, of Flushing, L. I. Daphne Cneorum, best hardyevergreen plant, flowering all summer, and very fragrantSpecial premium awarded to A. G. BURGESS, East New York,Long Island." :

JEFFERSON COUNTY FLORAL AND HORTICULTURAL ASSOCIA-TION.—The spring exhibition of the Jefferson County Floraland Horticultural Association is to be held at/Watertown, June24th, 25th, 26th, and 27th. The premium fcrt is very liberal,and no doubt, judging from what we observed last season,will call out a grand exhibition.

FRUIT GROWERS' SOCIETY OF WESTERN NEW YORK.— The

June meeting of the Fruit Growers' Society of Western NewYork will be held at the Court House, in Rochester, N. Y., at11 o'clock A. M., on Wednesday, the 25th day of June.

ANSWERS TO INQUIRIES.

SOAP GREASE IN THE CELLAR.—Allow an old 'housekeeper to tell Mr. AD VALOREM, who says"the cellar is not the place to keep soap grease,"hat he is mistaken—that it is jus t the place. There

need be no stench about it, no fruit polluted, noregetables and meat affected. If the grease be kept

covered with good strong lye, and the cask or barrelcontaining it closed with a good fitting cover, therewill be no cause for complaint

COLORING COCHINEAL.—P. P. MOSES asks for arecipe. I give one, which I know to be good. I .ive the following for coloring one pound of yarn.

"Wet the yarn in a pail of water, in which twoounces of alum have been dissolved. Make the dyein a brass kettle. Take water sufficient to cover theyarn; add three ounces of cream of tartar; stir welland increase the heat; add two ounces powderedcochineal; stir quickly until mixed; then add threeounces of the solution of tin; continue to stir, andincrease the heat until it boils; then put in the yarnand stir briskly for five minutes; then stir it slowerfor twenty minutes; take out the yarn, rinse in coldwater, after which wash in warm suds. This willbe found a bright color, and the more it is washedthe brighter it will grow.

HOW TO GET THE FULLING OUT OF WHITE FLAN-NEL.—Poor ANTOINETTE! I fear ydu won't get itout It would be a great invention if something ofthe kind could be invented. You know how terri-bly fast growing boys do stick their boots out'of thebottoms of their pants! and then, if it is foundnecessary to wash them, (the pants,) how muchfaster the boots do grow through them! Formerlytailors sponged the cloth before cutting it; but for-merly the cloth was found by the owners of theboys. Now the tailor finds the cloth, and he hasdiscovered that sponging it shrinks it; and I doubtif he has ever learned how to unshrink it! It willbe good economy to make a special bargain withhim when he cuts the boys' clothes, or else buy thecloth and "sponge" it before it goes to the tailor.Since I have adopted the latter practice,11 do not seeso much of my boy's boots.

Weedynook, 1862. MRS. JANE C. OTERTON.

[The above would have appeared months ago,had it not been mislaid.]

« . • • «

WASHING CORN.—The healthfulness of corn asan article of food is admitted by all, yet after ii haslain for a few months in a crib infested with fats,mice, and other vermin, as is most generally thecase, its palatdbleness becomes a matter of taste.For several years we have been in the habit ofwashing what corn is used in the family, and findthat it greatly improves i t Take a brass kettle orlarge tub half full of nearly boiling water; put inyour shelled corn and let it remain for a few 'min-utes, then stir it briskly with a paddle, and you-willbe surprised to see how yellow the corn, and howmuch better the puddings, Indian bread, and John-nycakes will be. Some wash the corn in the ear,but when the corn gets wet it is a tedious process todry i t When shelled it will dry thoroughly inthirty-six hours. It should be spread two or threeinches deep on some clean surface, in a warm room,or if in the summer, placed in the open air and stir-red occasionally. " Try it all ye that ne'er tried itbefore^" if you want new corn the year round.—St.Lawrence, in Country Gentleman.

• • • • •

HINTS FOR CLEAR STARCHING.—Collars, under-sleeves, or handkerchiefs, of very fine muslin orlace, will not bear much squeezing or rubbing whenwashed. They can be made perfectly white andclean without either, by the following process : —Rinse them carefully through clean water, then soapthem well with white soap, place flat in a dish orsaucer, and cover with water; place them in the sun.Let them remain two or three days, changing thewater frequently and turning them. Once everyday take them out, rinse carefully, soap, and placein fresh water. The operation is a tedious andrather troublesome one; but the finest embroideryor lace comes out perfectly white, and is not worn atall, where, in common washing, it would be veryapt to tear; when they are white, rinse and starchin the usual way.

— • » • • . «

BURNS OR SCALDS.—I send you a simple recipefor burns or scalds. Take spearmint or horsemint,pound to a pulp, and bind it on. If the mint isdry, soak it in a little warm water, then pound i t

PUTRID SORE THROAT.—Also a recipe for putrid-sore throat Take half a pint of good old ryewhisky, pulverize one or two large spoonfuls ofcommon salt, put it in the whisky, shake it well,and then gargle the throat

I have used both of the above recipes, and knowthem to be good.—T. R. DAVIS, Bock Island, Ml,1862.

» • • • «

COFFEE AND COFFEE EXTRACT.—Inclosed youwill find recipes for making coffee and. extract:—Take rye and boil until it becomes tender; thendrain and put in a stove-pan; place in a stove, stir-ring every few seconds, until it browns; then grindit, and put in a tablespoonful of rye- to a pint ofwater. To three spoonfuls of rye put in one -tea-spoonful of extract, and boil twenty minutes.. Thiswill not, as some.say, taste eaxw%.like coffeer.butwill make an equally pleasant drink.

EXTRACT.—Put sugar in a pot and boil downuntil it becomes bitter. Maple-sugar is preferableto any other kind.—E. P. W., Wash. Co., Pa>, 1862..

» • » • » —

PEAS A SUBSTITUTE FOR COFFEE.—In a lateRURAL I noticed an article recommending " carrotsfor coffee!" We have used it, but think peas, nicelyroasted and ground, are a better substitute. Myhusband is an old coffee drinker, but when I makea cup of pea coffee, and a little "extract of coffee"mixed with it, he does not know it from real Java,for I have tried i t

MAKING PASTE.—Will some kind friend tell mehow to make a sure paste for papering a smoothwall with thick paper? It troubles me by looseningafter it is dry.—L. R. L., Lamberton, Wis., 1862.-

COLORING FURS. — Some time ago I noticed aninquiry in your columns for a recipe for color-ing furs. If some of the RURAL'S numerous corres-pondents would be kind enough to answer it, theywould confer a favor oh many others beside theMichiganders.—D. F. L., Newark Valley, N. T., 1862.

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FRENCH ROLLS.—Can any of the RURAL'S numer-ous readers inform me how to. make French Rolls?If so, they will greatly oblige-^R., White Hall,Ohio, 1862.

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.]

MOTHER.

I DREAMED that I knelt by your bed, mother,Watching your flickering breath,

And praying our Father to turn your stepsFrom the shores of the river of death;

But e'en as I watched thus and prayed, mother,You entered the deep, cold wave;

And next in my dream I was kneelingAnd weeping beside your grave.

I thought of your love and your care, mother,And in my deep sorrow I said,

" The tight of my life has departed,Hope and joy With my mother have fled!"

Thank GOD it was only a dream, Mother;I thank Him whenever I pray,

That His Almighty care h>s preserved you,And I have, a dear mother to-day.

But thedream will sometime be true, mother,• Unless I be called first tb go; .. :That I will be motherless some sorrowful day,

Or you will be childless, we know.Y,et trustingly will we press.on, mother,

To meet whatever shall be;For our Father in Heaven has lovingly said,

My grace is sufficient for thee.Rochester, N. Y.,1862.

» • • « • »

[Written for. Moore's Rural; New-Yorker.]

"WOMEN AND DOMESTIC LAW.

^ . there is a vapt, amount of evil existingthroughout the ramifications of" society, is the gen-eral admission. It is also evident that a greatportion of the misery endured,is caused, by the

; imperfect forms which.constitute our present social.condition. .Appeals ;are made to legislators, and

petitions are forwarded to the government, with theexpectation that relief will be obtained, while itmay clearly be seen that neither the legislator, northe government can fully effect the remedy,, andthat we are neglecting our own duty, and disobey-ing the dictates of our common sense,, in askingOthers to do that which we can best do ourselves.

To re-organize society, to render it more blessedand happier, its domestic condition, has to be im-proved. Now the science of domestics forms a spherewhich belongs essentially to woman. It is her abso-lute province5 in it she reigns queen, and mancannot, if he would, deprive her of her sovereignty,because it has been allotted to her by that Wisdomwhose decrees human power or will is not able towithstand. Think of it as we may, the laws andorder.of society are, in their origin, divine; hencethe woe that follows our transgressions. If we sowthe storm, we reap the whirlwind. So it proves inall parts of GOD'S earth. And thus, it is not so. much contradictory change as further developmentthat is needed.

: Customs and habits, private and public manners,dress, and the whole oirele of home duties, areincluded in domestic science. It is surely as impor-tant, then as politics, and as difficult tp:, regulate.Yet it is not our Legislatures nor,the Houses ofCongress which can legislate for it; for the reasonthat women do nqt deliberate, and cannot pass theirjudgment in them.

The working of society in its state of civilizationhas revealed, partially, the true order of nature inthe division of duties for the sexes: To the woman,the interior, or household, economies; to the man,the exterior. Both are valuable, and have elementsin common together. -Man should not be entirelyignorant of home management, nor should woman*

• be left unacquainted with laws and governmentali policy. Their own and -their childrens' welfare are

connected with both; and, therefore, to the motherand the father they stand each a subject of momen-

i; tous importance. Civilization hitherto, it is not tobe lost sight of, has influenced woman only materi-ally in the discharge of her home duties. It hastaught her to barter, to buy the needles* thread,tape and silks > cheap, careless of the ruin she maybring upon the seller. Competition, in its lowestigrades, has received the greatest encouragementfrom woman. The sufferings #f fellow creatureshave not teen thought of when shillings and six-pences were to be saved. Dress and furniture,company and so-called amusement, the rivalry,jealousy, and wretchedness they have engendered,render them, in their* very enumeration, terrifying,and make us hurry to get away from their reviewal.

The instruction of woman in her higher, morespiritual home duties, is one of the greatest wantsof the age. It is becoming more and more appar-ent; and if not speedily attended to, will; be a mostserious drawback to the progress now sought to bema.de. The delicate machinery of domestic life isever at work, producing countless shades of joy andgloom. It is from the flame of the domestic hearththat the warmth and luster pf some of life's mostrefined relations are derived. Would that, thisflame shone more brightly now—beamed forth more•divinely, holily; that ihe abodes of our people weremore cheered by its rays; that the dwellers of ourhearths were more conscious of its presence. Howgeneral is poverty! How wide-spread is misery!Fearful is the uprighteousness of society; frightfulare its responsibilities]

Why goes forth that man this evening from theroof under which his children live? Why turns hefrom their engaging little attempts to detain him,and roughly moves them away, while he loves themdearly? Why sits another by his fire, discontented,unwilling to speak the. kindly word, while his heartis yearning for, converse and enjoyment? Why fliesthe .angry speech from her for whom the bosom'sstrongest affections are nourished? And why, -4searching into deeper depths,— why, does man soiOfjfcftn become a,-eriminal, in his home? Truth hasto be told, hut oh 1 listen to it kindly; it is .becausewoman does not. traly appreciate, her mission indomestic/life. .As. a wife she is different from whatshe was as a.maiden. She,neglects her dress; she

, 'forgets her manners. Her husband sees the change^and does not find sufficient excuse for it. He flies

. fjopa his home, thinking li, that if she will not makejjt^ppiness a,nd comfort, for him at home, he willma^ejt;for fyimself abroad." A.nd she increases^ill-temper and asperity as she increases in, years.It is, as a general thingvin the power of women tomake their domestic life more attractive to theirhusbands, and more holy jn its discipline and end,than ,they now do. A greater regularity in time,a. greater simplicity in dress, a more determineda^frejrence to that whjch is right, in one's own eyesrather than that which is well thought of in the eyesof others, an orderly apportioning of various peri-ods for different occupations, would make eveningsat, home pass away# very differently to what, in agreat majority of cases, they now are doing.

If the wife will begin to wish her husband to readthe last new periodical, while she is mending hisstockings,—if, even while at work herself, she willnow and then talk to her husband and children ofthat which is good and pleasant, as a priestessshould talk *— and every wife has a priestly office,—she will hallow and lighten her own labor, andfor her household a blessed reform will havecommenced.

Oh, for a power to hasten this period! Oh, thatone might abide the dawning ef that bright daywhen domestic love and family enjoyment shallcrown the great social. destiny of humanity! Thenmight one depart in peace, and the beams of thegood time come be over us, and death be hallowedby the sanctification of life. .Follow out GOD'Slaws, work in his holy.oi^er, do all things in season,leaving nought undone that should be done, and fullsurely this divine, this perfecting labor of humanexistence, will be consummated.

Rochester, N. Y., 1862. ' , : , EUGBNIH A. BEINTOX.•J l_ » . • • •»

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.]

FARMERS' WIVES AND OUT-DOOR EXERCISE.

No class of women on this continent are so shutup within doors as are the farmers' wives. Countrypeople usually talk much of the benefits of "takingthe air," particularly if they speak of a village orcity invalid. One wonders profoundly if it everoccurs to the good dames,, especially those who sayso much of " walking a mile before breakfast," thatthe attestor of their own negligence in the matterof " fresh air " gloams from their faces, visible andpalpable, sallow, saffrony, golden yellow. Shuttingoff the intelligent, refined class of country people,who receive their M l share of execration, thereremains a great clan—s'elf-ihstituted'mentors of'thepublic weal—who harbor a curt belief that villageand city women are never seen out-of-doors.

Now there is an undeniable probability in thetheory that, if ladies in large towns obtained nomore exercise in the " open air " than do this classof fault-finding women in the country, they wouldhave the honor of being equally—saffrony. And itis an undeniable fact that they are not so saffrony."So much the worse for them," growls some rheu-matic housewife. Yellow is beautiful, then?—yel-lo'w is healthy? Ask the first physician from whomthe most of his practice comes. " From my countrypatients — they are always taking cold. Don't goout-doors enough to get used to it. Strange, whenthey live in the midst of all out-doors.

It may be safely asserted that women living inlarge suburban villages and cities exercise five-foldmore out-of-doors than do the mass of women in thecountry.

" 0, but they have so much leisure."Indeed? "O, that thou couldst, change places!

Never till then wilt thou be convinced. People canusually (not always) find time in which to do whatthey greatly like."

However the case may stand in reference to thequestion of leisure, we protest humbly, and with abecoming sense of the peril, against the absurdabuse which is poured out like a flood upon the" lazy " town " ladies " who " never take the air."A large proportion of these " lazy" ladies walkdaily. They are out in the cloud and shine, inhal-ing Nature's great medicine, while the mentors aretoasting in ill-ventilated and unaired'houses, theirout-door life consisting of three formula of spasm—"going to meeting," "going to the village," and"going to see JOHN'S folks."

Le Roy, N. Y., 1862. ELIZA WOODWORTH.: • • • • •

CHILDISH WQBKEBS.

I THINK of little things early set to hard work, toadd a little to their parents' scanty store. Yet, if itbe only work, they hear it cheerfully. This after-noon, I was walking through a certain quiet street,when I.saw a little child standing with a basket at adoor. The little man looked at various passers-by;and I am happy to say that, whe"n he saw me, heasked me to ring1 the door-bell for him; for, thoughhe had been sent with that basket, which was hot alight one, he could not reach up to the bell. Iaskedhim how^old he was. "Five years past,", saidthe child quite cheerfully and independently. "Godhelp you, poor little man!" I thought; "the doomof toil has fallen early upon you!"

If you visit much among the poor, few''things willtouch you more than the unnatural sagacity andtrustworthiness of children who are little more thanbabies. You will find these little things left in abare room by themselves,—the eldest six years old,—while the poor mother is put at her work. Andthe eldest will reply to your questions in a way thatwill astonish you, till you get accustomed to suchthings. I think that almost as heart-rending a sightas you will readily see is the misery of a little thingwho has spilt in the street the milk she was sent tofetch, or broken a jug, and who is sitting in despairbeside the spilt milk or the broken fragments. GoodSamaritan^ never pass by such a sight; bring outyour two-pence; set things completely right; asmall matter and a kind word will cheer and com-fort an overwhelmed heart That child has a trucu-lent step-mother, or (alas!) mother, at home, whowould punish that mishap as nothing should bepunished but the gravest moral delinquency.: » . • • «

BEAUTIFUL EXTRACT.—Let then the aged womanbe no longer the Object of contempt. She is help-less as a child, but as a child she may be learningthe last lesson from her Heavenly Father. Herfeeble step is trembling on the brink of the grave;but her hopes may be firmly planted on the bettershore, which lies beyond. Her eye is dim withsuffering and tears; but her spiritual vision may becontemplating the gradual unfolding of the gates ofeternal rest. Beauty has faded from her form; butangels in the world pf light may be weaving awreath of glory for her brow. Her lip ia.silent, butmay beionly waiting to pour forth eelestial strainsof gratitude and praise: Lonely and fallen and sad,she sits among the living; but exalted, purified, tuidhappy, she may arise from the dead. Then run ifthou wijt from the aged woman in her loneliness,"but remember she is not forsaken of her God!

GIRLS.—There, are two kinds of girls. One isthe lpnd that appears the best abroad—the girlsthat are good for parties, rides, visits, balls, etc., andwhose chief delight is in sueh things. The other, isthe kind that appears best at honae-^the girls thatare useful and cheerful in the dining-room, the' sick-room, ajid all the precincts pf their home. Theydiffer widely in character. One is often a tormentat home, the other a blessing. One is a moth, con-suming everything about her; the other is a sun-beam, inspiring lite and gladness all along her path-way. Now it does not necessarily follow that thereshould be two classes of girls. A slight educationwill modify both a little, and unite their good qual-ities in one.

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.]

N E I G H B O R S .

B Y B E L L C L I N T O N .

MUCH is often said of "neighhors,"How they do and what they say,

Of their living and their giving;But I'm sure 'twill never pay,

While we journey on Life's way,Us to mind what neighbor's' say.

One must talk because anotherLives or dresses every day

Better than themselves may choose to.Abler not a whit, they say.

Whose but theirs the business, pray,If their honest debts they pay?

Some are always " full of trouble,"Neighbors' cows are in the com;

Pigs, at night, are in the garden;In the meadow, geese, at morn;

Gabbling, tangling grass at morn;Some one's fences look forlorn.

Proud; extravagant, deceitful,Selfish, vain of worldly store;

Slowor, slattern, cross or lazy,—Charges these, arid many more

We lay iri turn at every door,Except our own—fain pass that o'er.

If we wish to make good neighbors,Let the " law of kindness " rule,

And be sure to hhve good fences;Ever Keep the passion cool,

And our'motto through life's schoolr-Always mind the "Golden Riile."

., N:Y., 1862. , ;

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.]

T H E P A S T .

A LARGE class of persons are so fascinated withmodern improvements, so charmed with the oneidea of progress, that they respect nothing onaccount of its age, and look with a feeling of pSyakin to contempt, on the labors of the antiquary.To them the past appears strange, mysterious, andvisionary, because it is separated from us by so widean interval. For the same reason, perhaps, most ofus have a very indefinite idea of antiquity. In anoccasional view of a distant city, we see a large col-lection of buildings, many of which might attractour attention on a close inspection, but from whichonly a few spires stand out, plainly perceptible; sowith our limited knowledge pf the past, we see along series of events, many of which would claimour admiration if they were not so dimmed by ageand distance, but of which we are familiar withonly a few of the most noted.

An old writer has $aid that "there is no suchthing as antiquity, as we generally understand it."Perhaps it is so; for everything which is, or hasbeen, must be modern while passing, and the earlyages, though perhaps rude in themselves, havebecome ancient onlylby the long and silent iapse ofyears. We read of the pyramids, and the pictureswhich fancy presents to the mind may at first seemancient; but with them, the idea of lasting endur-ance in the future is most prominent. The imagin-ation may wander in some oriental temple, viewingits tarnished gilding and broken altar, the fragmentsof its columns and its grim, gloomy walls, and betempted to call that ancient; but we cannot avoidthe thought that the avarice of some greedy priesthas robbed i t of its ornaments, that its walls havebeen blackened by the smoke of viotams sacrificedon its-!altars, and that it is a premature decay whichwe see. But when we look at some old castle,whose ruins now rise but little above the plain overwhich it once towered, whose Walls are dust, whosebroken turrets are but hillocks of moss, whose bat-tlements are now scaled and bound by the tendrilsof the clambering vine, we think only of age. Thiswould be a more expressive symbol of the past, andbetter, because the mind can easily comprehend it,and can, without difficulty, look back to the timewhen it proudly answered to the name of Kenil-worth.

We think of what we call the dark ages, and canhardly divest ourselves of the idea that the sky toowas obscured, and that a gloom pervaded the faceof nature, as the thick gloom of ignorance andsuperstition pervaded the minds of men. But thesame sun shone then, and shone as brightly, as itdid on Egypt's ancient splendor, on Rome's pros-perity, or as it does upon us now. So it will everbe. Though the same heavens look down upon us,a total change takes place in our thoughts and feel-ings. Every revolution of the wheel of time givesa different aspect to affairs, and we forget one changeof scene in another. Pleasure allures us, art woosus, and science tempts us to enter her intricate laby-rinths. Our onward path is undefined, obscuredand uncertain; and here we may profitably studythe past, with its wealth of learning and experience.For as the heavenly bodies, though beautifiil tobehold, are chiefly useful in illuminating man'spath by night, so the lights of the past, thoughinteresting to contemplate, are chiefly useful inguiding the mind aright in its searches after truth.

Angelica, N. Y., 1862. CATO.

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.]

APPEARANCES DECEITFUL.

INEXPERIENCED youth is ever apt to be deceivedby a fair outside. At that age We do not 'see theworld as it really is, but it takes its' coloring fromour own uricorrupted hearts. Often at thai! periodof our lives we are made the dupes of others. Welisten to a tale of wrongs falsely represented to us,and give to the narrator our abundant'sympathy,which the lapse Of time shows us was unworthilybestowed. Before we learn to read character—ourown or others—we are apt to see only the good traitsof our friends, and are astonished when in the natu-ral development of our acquaintance, we see someserious defect. Then we are apt to think we havebeen deceived in that one, and that they have noth-ing good about them; and we turn with blind confi-dence to- some .newer friend, only to be againconfronted with frailty. Again and again we arebitterly; deceived in this way before We learn thatperfection is not attained by mortals* A confidingdisposition, which has been repeatedly disappointedin this way, is apt to get the habit of suspectingevery new acquaintance before they have any reasonto. Happy are they who learn to know the worldwithout beooming unduly sraspiciOus. It is as wellto know when to give the well-meaning cred.it fortheir good intentions, as to know when to beware ofthe crafty. Very few gain this happy medium.There are many who have such a large gift of cre-dulity that when their hair grows gpay with agethey are just as ready to believe a fair story, and are

as easily led astray by the designing, as they werein youth. Such persons are generally honest andsincere themselves.

A very common way in which appearances de-ceive, is in persons acting differently to differentpersons. They may talk and appear in society, andto those who have merely a slight acquaintance withthem, to be actuated by the highest and best ofmotives, while those who know them intimately, andwho feel the effects of their acts, know them to beintensely selfish. This kind of one-sided virtue hasa bad effect on those who witness the daily life ofsuch a person. When they meet a person who doeslive a consistent and worthy life, they are apt tothink they have Only to be placed in the same rela-tion toward them they are toward the other, in orderto see the same sort of disposition manifested.

But all experiences, however bitter, may be turnedto good account if we are so disposed. To thosewho truly desire to live uprightly, the deceptionswhich astonish and. grieve them may at the sametime teach them to prize the virtue of sincerity, andto strive more earnestly than they otherwise mightto be amiable, and not merely to appear so* Themost serious of all deceits are those which we oftenpractice on our ourselves. We are on the high roadof progress when we can unsparingly judge our ownconduct by the same rules to which we would holdothers. B. C. D.

Geneva, Wis., 1862.,,» • • •--* '.

THE COUNTENANCE.

A QUEER thing is the human countenance. Youcan't put your finger on it jf you try, and yet it is tobe seen in the face ol every man, woman,,and child—even old ladies will ha^e, it that the tiniest new-born baby has one. It is described in everymeasure of admiration and disgust, as sad or silly,funny or foolish, morose or melancholy, stupid orsheepish, gay or guilty, dull or downcast, inexpres-sible or intellectual—in fact, there is scarcely a wordin the dictionary that may not be used as a descrip-tive adjective of the countenance, and yet the thingwas never seen except in the face.' The kind of countenance a man er woman carries

is very important. First impressions are every-thing, and they are based principally upon theexpressions of the countenance. For instance, bygeneral consent it is deemed creditable to a younglady to be happy — it is assumed as a matter ofcourse that she is perfect, or nearly so, who is never,ruffled in mind by cross winds of life; hence sheis careful, before the public, to carry a smilingcountenance. A sweet, smiling countenance ispleasant to look upon; even incorrigible old bache-lors sometimes soften down under its influence; butwhen a smile by long and forced practice,gets sim-mered down to a simper, it becomes stale andinsipid —is, in fact, silly, and who wouhi like tocarry a silly countenance? Above all things, awell-regulated, pleasant countenance, wkhout asmile, is the best possible recommend for eitherman or woman. When we meet a woman with anose a good deal turned up, and vinegar stronglymarked in the countenance, we involuntarily con-clude that there is not much happiness in the house-hold over which she presides. When we meet ayoung lady with an airy countenance with a strongtendency to Bimper, we are inclined to think thatthere is not much probability of her having a house-hold to preside over. Men who go about with asour countenance with a good deal of " snap " in it,are apt to be uncomfortable customers. Such menshould be avoided. If unmarried, they should ljveuntil fairly tamed before marriageable young ladiesshould be permitted to approach them.

On the whole, the countenance is a great institu-tion, and though it is not even skin-deep, it yet is agreat tell-tale, and often makes or mars a fortune;—or a wedding —for the fortunate or unfortunatepossessor. The countenance speaks the heart, andtherefore to be able always to carry an agreeableone to recommend you, be sure that Lthe heart isright toward all men—aftd women, too, Heavenbless them.

»_• • .—•THE FUTURE OF AMERICA,

THE Dublin (Ireland) Witness has an excellentarticle on American affair's, from which we selectthe folllowing:

" It is impossible to regard the vastness andresources of the country, in connection with themarvellous force inherent in the nation to incorpor-ate into itself the mOst heterogeneous elements offoreign admixture — its institutions attracting asgreat a variety of tongues as those which the Impe-rial Eagle ever subjugated—without the convictionthat America is destined to exert a mighty control-ling influence upon the religious condition of theglobe. Were the dark thunder-cloud:6f war dissolved,there are grounds on which we cannot but augurfor that great community a futurity: of influence andusefulness such i as, perhaps, no nation has everequaled. Its soil is hallowed as the resting place ofsainted dust; its history is stored with many anachievement of ihe mighty dead; upon its favoredchurches has the visitation1 from on high often de-scended, stimulating and invigorating through theirinstrumentality the faith afld hope of Christendom.Notwithstanding the corruptions that have grown sorank throughout the land, it is at this hour the homeof millions of true-hearted patriots, and from thou-sands and tens of thogands of its household altars doesthe prayer of faith ascend to heaven as the morniagand evening sacrifice. And even now that the wartrumpet has been blown, and the serried hosts aremustered for the battle, there may be heard ascend-ing fifm many a tented field the prayers and praisesof God-fearing men, their country's best and bravest^who have obeyed' her summons in this hour of need.

It cannot surely be that such a nation shall fail tofulfill its noble destiny. Then, for the truth's sakethat is in it, and "for our friends' and brethren'ssake," let us devoutly pray that the present calamityand confusion may be but the crucible fires hy whichit is to be purged of its alloy; and that out of thesoil of social and political corruption there mayarise a purer and a nobler race, under whose guid-*ance a re-constructed Union may cast away therags of i,ts old vices, and advance by stable progressto a far prouder position than was lost in the disas-trous year in which, amid tears and blood, the cur-tain has lately fallen.

NEITHER mind nor body can long endure inces-sant toil. Relaxation is therfore a Christian duty.No man has a right to destroy himself by labor, anymore than by poison. The bow that is always bentloses its elasticity; the mind that is never relaxedeither will wear out the body or bec6me insane.

— • 1- • • • «

BULLETS can sing and whistle, but they are notpleasant musicians.

NEARER HOME.

" HEAVEN is my Fatherland,Heaven is my home;"

O"ER the hill the sun is setting,And the eve is drawing on;

Slowly droops the gentle twilight,For another day is gone;

Gone for aye—its race is over,Soon the darker'shades will come;

Still tis sweet to know at evenWe are one day nearer home.

" One day nearer," sings the mariner,As he glides the waters o'er,

While the light is softly dyingOn his distant native shore..

Thus the Christian, on life's ocean,As his light boat cuts the foam,

In the evening cries with rapture—" I am one day nearer home."

Worn and weary, oft the pilgrim. Hails the setting of the sun;

For his goal is one day nearer,And his journey nearly done.

Thus we feel, when o'er life's desert,Heart and sandal-sore we roam;

As the twilight gathers o'er us,We are one day nearer home.

Nearer home I Yes, one day nearerTo our Father's house on high—

To the green fields and the fountainsOf the land'bey odd the sky;

. For the heavens grow brighter o'er, us, !And; the lamps hang in the dome, <

. And our tents are pitched still closer,For we're one day nearer home.— , • » • • • » ; ( , ,

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.]

SUNSHINE AND SHADE.

I HAVE been watching the approach of morningas it peeped from the dull gray clouds in the e^tjand changed the darkness to a dim twilight Thenthe sun arpse; the leaden, flpatii% masses weretransformed to piles of red-tinted ones, and the last,lingering trace of gray faded, as the rich goldensunlight quivered over hill and plain, tree andshrub, cottage and mansion.

It stole through the shutters, and the bright beamsrested for a moment on MINNIE'S brown.hair, streak-ing it with golden threads; then glanced throughthe cage of the canary, who welcomed it by a sweetburst of music. It stole among the waving tressesof the mother, and lingered on the silvery locks ofthe father. A light came over the faces of the agedcouple, and the gloom which had before dwelt therewas dispelled. I could but think of the "Son ofRighteousness" who is causing the gloom, anddarkness of superstition and heathenism to vanishbefore the glory of His rays. But the sun disap-peared behind a cloud, and lo! what a change!The bird stopped warbling, the smile died away, andno more all nature seemed to rejoice; but silenceand darkness rested around. Half unconsciously Irepeated these lines:

" I take no note of timeSave when the sun is shining.

As.life is sometimes bright and fair,And sometimes dork and lonely,

Let us forget its toil, and care,And note the bright hours only."

How is it with us? Do we dwell in the shade, andsitting) with hands pressed tightly to busy brain, letwild fancy revel among scenes of the past, dwellingonly on sorrows and griefs, while we, like the spider,extract poison from the fairest flowers, while allsweet hopes and joys have found a grave, and theturf has been firmly pressed by our Own hands? Ordo we (dtroell out in the sunshine, and basking in itswarnvrays grow stronger, happier, better and wiser?Jiemory lingers only on bright, joyous scenes, for

" Pleasant hours should ever seemTo linger found us longest."

We find honey instead of poison hid among thefragrant petals of Life's flowers.

If the heavy storm of adversity sweeps over ourheads, we do not bend and break under it, like theslender, fragile flower, whose home was always inshadow; but like the plant reared in the sunlight,strong, healthy, vigorous, and beautiful, are pre-pared to contend with i t

"Life is what we make i t " Shall it be one ofshade or sunshine^ HATTIE HERBEKT.

Englishyffle, Mich., 1862.

GOD'S LOVE TO MAN.

WHERE shall we go for manifestations of thetenderness, the sympathy, the benignity of God?The philosopher leads us to nature, its benevolentfinal causes, and kind contrivances to increase thesum of animal happiness, and there he stops, withhalf his demonstration. But the apostle leads us tothe gift bestowed by the Father for the recovery ofman's intellectual and moral nature, and to thecross endured by the Son, on this high behalf. Goto the heavens, which canopy man with grandeur,cheer his steps with successive light, and mark'hisfestivals with their chronology; go to the atmos-phere, which invigorates his spirits, and is to himthe breath of life; go to the smiling fields, decfedwith verdure for his eye, and covered with fruits forMs sustenance; go to every scene which spreesbeauty before his gaze, which is made harmoniouslyvocal to his ear, which fills and delights the imftg-inatidn by its-glow or its greatness. We travel'withyou, we admire, we feel and enjoy with you, Weadore with you, but we stay not with you. Wehasten onward in search of a' demonstration moreconvincing that " God is love1,'* and we rest not tillwe press into the strange, the mournful, the joyfulscenes of Calvary, and amid the throng of invisibleand astonished angels, Weeping disciples and themocking multitude, under the arch of the darkenedheaven, and with the earth trembling beneath ourfeet, we gaze upon the meek, the resigned, butftint-ing suffered and exclaim, " Herein is lovel"—herein,and nowhere else is it so affectingly, so unequivo-.cally demonstrated, "not that we loved God, butthat God loved us, and sent His Son to be the pro-pitiation for our sins."— B. Watson.

-— » . m > <THE repentance which precedes faith consists

ohieHy of a sense of danger and a ffear of punish-ment; but when we come to have a lively appre-hension of pardoning love and our adoption iflChrist, it is genuine filial sorrow for having offendedGod.—Rev. T. Adams.

• » • • • »—. ' • —

A MAN might frame and let loose a star to roll .ints orbit, and yet not have done so memorable ;hihg before God as he who lets go a golden-orbed;hought to roll through the generations of tjme.

/

1

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

v

" LET bells in every tower be rung,And bon-nres blaze abroad;

Let thanks from every loyal tongueIn thunder rise to GOD.

The doom of Rebeldom is sealed,The conquering sword of Mars

Alone the patriot can wield—GOD bless the Stripes and Stars."

ROCHESTER, N. Y., MAY 24, 1862.

TELE WAB'S PROGRESS.

FACTS, SCENES, INCIDENTS, ETC.

The Occupation of New Orleans*MAJ.-GTENI BUTLER has taken possession of New

Orleans, and issued to the citizens a form of govern-ment. We give his proclamation, together witH theincidents occurring at the date of occupation,obtaining our information through the rebel press:

The Memphis Avalanche of'the 7th insfc-says wehave advices from New Orleans up to Saturday, 11A. M. Gen. Butler has taken the St. Charles Hotelfor his headquarters. The Evans House on Poy-dras has been converted into a hospital. The Jack-son Railroad Depot was taken possession of onSaturday morning. Several Federal regiments hadbeen landed at New Orleans.

The Federal pickets have been extended but asfar as the crossing of the Jefferson and JacksonRailroad. Four gunboats and one transport startedfor Baton Rouge on Saturday morning^

All the newspapers in New Orleans are still pub-lished, though a Federal censor is placed over everyoffice. A proclamation from General Butler washanded in to all the newspaper offices at NewOrleans, but they refused to publish it, when aguard was sent to the True Delta office, who tookpossession of it. Northern printers were then sentfor, the proclamation set up, and worked off in theedition. The following is theproclamation:

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE GULF, )N E W OKLEAKS, May 1,1862. 5

The city of New Orleans and its environs, withall its interior and exterior defenses, having sur-rendered to the combined.naval and land forces ofthe United Spates, and being now in the occupationof tn%Torce. of the United States, who have come torestore order, maintain public tranquility, and en-force peace and quiet under the laws and constitu-tion of;the United. States, the Majpr-General Com-manding hereby proclaims the object and purposeof the Government of the United States' m thustaking possession of New Orleans and the State ofLouisiana, and the rules and regulations by whichthe laws of the United States will be. for the presentand during the state of war enforced and maintain-ed for the plain guidance of all good citizens of theUnited States, as well as others who may have here-tofore been in rebellion against their authority.

Thrice before has the: city of New Orleans beenrescued from the. hands of a foreign government,and still more calamitous domestic insurrection, bythe money and arms of the United States. It hasof late been under the military conteol of the rebelforces; a n i at each time, in the judgment of thecommanders of the military forces holding it, it hasbeen found necessary to preserve order and main-tain quiet by an administration of martial law.Even aurihg the interim, from its evacuation by therebel soldiers and its actual possession by the soldiersof the United States, the civil authorities have foundit necessary to call for the intervention of an armedbody known as the European Legion, to preservethe public tranquility. The Commanding General,therefore, will cause the city to be governed, untilthe restoration of the United States authority andhis further orders, by martial taw.

All persons in arms against the United States arerequired to surrender themselves, with their arms,equipments, and munitions of war. The bodyknown as the European Legion, not being under-stood to be in arms against the United States, butorganized to protect the lives and property of thecitizens, are invited still toco-operate with the forcesof the United States, to that end, and so acting willnot be included in the terms of this order, but willreport to these headquarters.

All ensigns, flags, devices, tending to uphold anyauthority whatever, save the flags of the UnitedStates and those of foreign consulates, must not beexhibited, but suppressed. The American ensign*the emblem of the United States, must be treatedwith the, utmost deference and respect by all persons,uri&ipr pain of severe punishment.1 All persons Well disposed toward the Governmentof the United States, who shall renew their allegi-ance, wilLreceive.a safeguard of protection to theirpersons and property from the army of the UnitedStates, and the violation of that sufeguard will bepunished with death. All persons still holdingallegiance to the Confederate States will be deemedrebels-against the Government of the United States,and be regarded and treated as enemies thereof..

All foreigners npjt .naturalized, and claiming alle-giance to their respective governments^ and nothaving made oath or allegiance to the governmentof the Confederate States, will be protected'in theirpersons and property, as heretofore, under the lawsof the United States. All persons who may haveheretofore given adherence to the supposed govern-ment of the Confederate States, or peen in theirService, Who shall lay down and deliver up theirarms, and return to peaceful occupations, and pre-serve quiet and order, and hold no farther corre-sppndqnce. nor give aid and comfort to enemies oftfje United States, will not' be disturbed in theirperson's or property, except so far, under the ordersof the Commanding General, as the exigencies ofthe paMc sendee, may sender, necessary.

;Kjsepej» of all public property, whether of State,National, or Confederate, such as collections of art,libraries, museums, as well as all public buildings,munitions of war and arms, will at once make fullfetnrns, and'Feport their kind and places of businessto these headquarters. All the rights of property.will.be held jny-iplate, subject only to the laws of theUnited §t$es..' ,

, All the inhabitants are enjoined to pursue theirusual avocations; all the theaters and places ofamusement to be kept open; all churches andreligious places to be opened, as in time of profoundpeace.

, Proprietors of all public houses and drinkingsaloons are to report their names and number at theoffice of the Provost Marshal, and they will theresecure their licenses, and will be held for good o ^ rV1 Jtor.re^pective places.

bumcient force wjll toe kept in the city to preserveorder *and maintain the laws:

The killing of American soldiers by any disorderlypersons, or mob, issimply assassination and murder,,and not war, and,will fee SO; regarded a,nd punished.The owner of any such house in wfcich such murdershall be committed will be held responsible therefor,and'his louse be liable to. b© destroyed by the mili-tary authorities.

AH disorders and disturbances of the peace, andcrimes of an aggravated nature, interfering with theforces or laws of the United States, will be referredto a military court martial for trial and punishment

Other misdemeanors will be subject to the municipalauthorities, if they desire to act.

Civil causes between parties will be referred tothe ordinary tribunals. The levying and collectiopof taxes, save those imposed by the laws of theUnited States, are suppressed, except those for keep-ing in repair and lighting streets, and for sanitarypurposes; these are to be collected in the usualmanner.

The circulation of Confederate bonds, evidencesof debt, except notes in the similitude of bank notesissued by the Confederate States, in any trade,is forbidden. It has been represented to the Com-manding General, by the civil authorities, thatthese Confederate notes, in the form of bank notes,are the only substitutes for money which, the peoplehave been allowed to have, and great distress wouldensue among the poorer classes if the circulation ofsuch notes should be suppressed. Such circulation,therefore, will be permitted so long as any one willbe inconsiderate enough to receive themuntilfurtherorders.

No publication of newspapers, pamphlets, or hand-bills, giving accounts of the movements of thesoldiers of the United States within this department,reflecting in any way upon the United States, ortending in any way to influence the public mindagainst the United States, will be permitted; andall articles on war news, editorial comment, or cor-respondence making comments, must be'. submittedto the examination of an officer, who will-be detailedx>r that'purpose from these< headquarters. Thetransmission of all communications oy telegraphwill be under the charge of an officer of these nead-quarters.

The armies of the United States came here not todestroy, but to restore order out of chaos, and touphold the government and the laws in the. place ofthe passions of men. To this end, therefore,, theefforts of all. the well disposed, are invited to nav£every species of disorder quelled; and if anysoljdierof the United States should so far forget his duty'Orhis flag as to commit outrage upon any persbn or'property, the. Commanding General requests Ithathis name be instantly reported to the Provost Mar-shal, so that he may be punished, and his wrongfulact redressed.

The municipal authority is hereby suspended,ixcept so far as the police of the city and crimes areconcerned, and that; power to extend, as before

indicated.All assemblages of persons in the streets, either

by day or night, lead to disorder, and sire forbidden.Various companies composing the Fire Depart-

ment will be permitted to retain their organizations.They will report to the Provost Marshal their num-bers, &c., that they may be known, and not inter-fered with in their duties.

Finally, it may be sufficient, to add, without furtherenumeration, that all the requirements of martiallaw will be imposed so long'as'in the judgment ofthe United States authorities it .may. be necessary;and while it is desired by these authorities to exer-cise this government mildly, and after the usages ofhe past, it must not be supposed that it will not be

vigorously and firmly administered'as the occasioncalls for- By command of

Major-General BUTLER.GEORGE B. STRONG, Asst. Adj.-General, and

Chief of Staff.

Commerce of New Orleans.THE. commercial importance of New Orleans

is so patent that it will hardly require statistics tomake the tact apparent, but they will prove interest-ing. It ranks next to New York upon the Americanontinent It is (or has been) the great receiving

and- distributing point of the West and South-westIt was the most important market for cotton, sugar,and molasses, and held high rank in coffee, bread-stuns, and provisions. Its banking capital at thetime of secession amounted to about twenty million—the insurance capital to about nine million.

The following will show the value of the foreignexports and imports at New Orleans for six years:Years. Exports. Imports.1855 $ 65,1)00,711 $12,923,6081856.. 80,517,963 17,183,3271857 91,514,286 24,981,1601858 88,382,438 19,586,0831859 101,634,852 19,349,51«I860 108,293,567 22,920,349

The following will show the value of Southernand Western,produce received at New Orleans forsix years, ending August 31:

• OtherYears. Cotton. Sugar. Molasses. Tobacco, products.1865. $51,390,720 $18,025,020 $4,255,000 $7,111,370 $36,414,7131856. 70,370,720 16,199,890 4,582,242 7,982,850 45,119,4291857. 86,255,079 8,137,366 2,685,300 11,892,120 49,091,5101858. 88,127,340 17,900,668 4,601,015 13,628,327 42,793,26<>1859. 92,237,794 24,998,124 6,470,816 9,861,750 40,283,8791860.109,389,228 18,190,830 6,250,335 8,717,485 42,663,326

The following table exhibits the share of NewOrleans in the cotton trade of the country for sixyears:Years. Receipts. Exports. Crops.1855... ,1,287,888 1,274,029 2,847,3391856 _*: 1,764,613 1,784,816 3,627,8251857 1.517,496 1,516,875 2,989,5191858 1,678,775 1,660,220 3,113,9621859 1,774,739 1,777,168 3,851,4811860. 2,255,458 2,214,315 4,650,000

HENRY WAGER HALLECK:, one of the four Major-

Generals of the United States army, was born inOneida county, New York, and entered the militaryacademyas a West Point cadet in 1835. He stoodihird in the class, and was breveted Second Lieut, ofEngineers, July 1,1839.He was acting Assist-ant Professor of Engi-neering at the MilitaryAcademy from July,

839, to June, 1840. In841, was the author of

a military work on'Bitumen and its uses,"

etc. Appointed Firstlieutenant in January,

1845. In 1846 he wrotework ' entitled the

Elements of MilitaryArt and Science." la1847, was breveted Cap-tain, for gallant con-duct in affairs with theinemy on the 19th and

20th days of November,1847, and for meritori-ous service in Califor-nia. Was Secretary ofState of the provinceof California in the mil-itary governments of

•ens. Kearney, Mason,and Riley, from 1847 tothe end of 1849. He was Chief of,the Staff to

lommodbre Shubrick, in naval and militaryoperations on the Pacific coast, in 1847 and 1848;and was-, a member, ef the conventipn in, 1849to form, and of the committee to draft, the con-stitution of'the State of California. In July, 1853,he was appointed Captain of Engineer, andresigned on August 1,1854, Shortly after the outtbreak of the present rebellion, the Governmentsailed upon Halleck, he responded, was made a

Major-General August 19, 1861, and supercededGen. Fremont in the command of the " Departmentof Missouri." Subsequently his department was3nlarged, embracing portions of Kentucky, Ten-nessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, etc., underthe title of the " Department of the Mississippi."The masterly manner in which Gen. Halleck dealtwith the rebellion in Missouri is so fresh in theminds of our readers, we need not repeat his man-

Ouir Army In front of Corinth.THE correspondent of the N. Y. World gives us

the following interesting intelligence from his fieldof observation:

The national forces now in this region are underthe immediate command of Major-General Halleck.They are divided into three corps cP armee, — theArmy of the Ohio, the Army of the Tennessee, andthe Army o/'the Mississippi. The Army of the Ten-nessee is divided into two grand divisions, com-manded by Maj.-Generals Thomas and McClernand,and into divisions, commanded by Major-GeneralLew. Wallace, Brigadier-Generals Davies, T. W.Sherman, Hurlbut, McKean, and Crittenden. TheArmy of the Ohio is commanded in person by Maj.-General Buell, and the divisions commanded byBrigadier-Generals McCook, Nelson, Mitchell, andWoods. The Army of the Mississippi is commandedby Major-General Pope in person, and its divisionscommanded by Brigadier-Generals Paine, Stanley,and Hamilton.

Such are the general outlines of the present organi-zation of the army before Corinth, subject, of course,to changes from day to day.

The order of succession is arranged so that Gen.Grant is second in command—that General beingwithout any special command^-his late army beingdistributed between Gens. McClernand and Thomas.This distinction is a further mark of Gen. Halleck'sfavor, which has been unmistakably shown on previous occasions, while the slight of Major-GeneralWallace, who was confirmed at the same time withGrant, is construed into a mark of disapprobamon.

The order of attack has been one of the mosfruitful themes for speculation during the pastweek. The line of battle, as it is called, or the linewhich our forces describe in approaching the enemy,is one that puzzles the heroes of a dozen battles. Iis settled; we believe now, that to Gen. Pope hasbeen assigned the left wing, to Gen. Buell the cen-ter, and to General Thomas the right, while GeneralMcClernand has the reserve. Thus far all is clearand well defined. By some reason or other, proba-bly from his peculiar fitness for the position, andfrom the metal of which his army is composed, Ge n.Pope has also the advance of the column. Withincertain limits he seems to be the front of a piercingwedge, the corps of the rest falling in behind him,while he describes a half circuit round the enemy,the center and right falling more directly into linebefore the enemy's position.

General Grant, in reply to a letter informing him

MAJOB-GENEBAL HALLECK. euvers and successes. He has recently taken thefield in person, at Pittsbnrg Landing, Teanessee.

The New York World, after giving a very glow-ing description of what General Halleck has hith-erto accomplished, asks: —Will he attain equalsuccess in the field? A graduate of West Point,and a military writer of reccgnized authority, there

is no doubt that hehas ample science; buthe retired from thearmy too early to gainany experience by act-ive service, and hispractical abilities inthat direction are yetto be tested. Neverthe-less they can hardly bedoubted.; The wholecast of his mind andcharacter, as recentlyexhibited, infalliblypromise a successfulcommander. We know

ithat he has unceasingwatchfulness, untiringenergy, power of con-centration, a quick andsure perception, andthe great faculty ofimmediate and unerr-ing decision on suddenemergencies, It wouldbe; strange indeed if hedoes not come up tothe very highest re-

quirements of his new line of action. He takes thefield at a momentons period. The rebel armies ofthe West, by the late blow,s at Island No. 10 and atPittsburg Landing, haye been driven to, extremity.If they are followed up with proper skill andenergy, they caiinot. possibly save themselves fromtotal destruction. General Halleck will find all ofhis command in spleadid order,-and too numerousto feel materially the loss incurtedin the late bloodybattle. No,commander ever had a grander pbj'ectto work for, or more effective material to work with,and< we are sure that he will prove every way equalto his work. The seat of his'operations will be sofar South that to escape the fatal heats of summerhe will have to move with great energy. We antici-pate that within six weeks, at most, he will makean end forever of the rebel forces in the South-west,and plant the Federal flag, unchallenged, in everycity from Memphis'to the Gulf. :

of the nature of the criticisms of his management ofthe battle of Shiloh, writes a letter, of which th!efollowing is the most important part:

" I will go on and do my duty to the very best ofmy ability, without praise, and do all I can to bringthe war to a speedy close. I am not an aspirantfor anything at the Close of the war. There is onething I feel well assured of—that is, I have confi-dence in every braveman in my command. Thosewho showed the white feather will do all in theirpower to attract attention, from themselves. I hadperhaps a dozen officers arrested for cowardice onthe first day's fight. These men are necessarily myenemies. As to the talk about a surprise here, noth-ing could be more false. If the enemy had sent upword where and when they would attack us, wewe could not have been better prepared; Skirmish-ing had been going on for two days between ourreconnoitering parties and the enemy's advance. Idid not believe, however, they intended to make adetermined attack, but were simply making a recon-noissance in force. My headquarters were at Sa-vannah, though I usually spent the day at Pittsburg.Troops were constantly arriving to be assigned tobrigades and divisions, all ordered.to report toSavannah, making it necessary to keep an officeand some one there. I was also looking for GeneralBuel to arrive, and it was important I should haveevery arrangement complete for his speedy transitto this side of the river.

Interesting Intelligence from Norfolk-THE correspondent of the New York Times,

under date of the 11th inst, writes as follows:

I seized the first opportunity, to-day, to take a lookat the fortifications by which Norfolk lias been solong defended against our fleet. It is easy to seethat their strength has not been exaggerated. Theworks on Sewall's Point are quite extensive, in-tended for forty guns, only twenty-three of which,however, have ever been mounted, and of theseonly seven now remain. Crahey Island—long, lowand* level —stands just at the entrance of the chan-nel, and has upon it a very formidale series ofskillfully constructed earth works, intended for fiftyguns, of which thirty-nine had been mounted,—mostly nine and ten-inch Dahlgrens, though therewere also rifled and Parrot guns among them.There were also nine finished casemates on thenorth bastion, and five unfinished. The works areall admirably constructed.

Next beyond Crahey Island, on the right, is amost beautiful semi-circular water battery, with 11casemates, and finished in as fine style as any worksof a similar kind I have ever seen. Still further on,upon the same side, is still another battery, while onthe opposite shore stands Fort Norfolk.' AU.theBeworks together constitute a gantlet which it cer-tainly would not be prudent in any but the mostpowerful vessels of war to attempt to run. Then,too, just below these batteries, directly across thechannel, has been driven a line of piles, an bpeMiigbeing left in the middle for the passage of vessels,intended, however, to be closed in an emergency i>ysinking1 the immense hulk of the old United States,wTiicbi lies dose by for. preparation. Upon'thesepileS the'San Jacinto; as she was' gofrtg in to-day,stuck fast for a couple of hours, but finally extricatedherself without injury;

The rebels succeeded*in almost completelydestroying the Navy Yard last night. Hundredsof them were busy in setting fire to all the build-ings and all the vessels, and this morning littleremains but smoking ruins and a dismal desolation.The great eastern and western ship-houses, themarine barracks, officers' quarters, smiths' shops,engine houses, &c, were all consumed. The rebelshad built and launched two iron vessels, mountingfour guns each, and built with water-tight compart-ments, so as to be raised or sunk at pleasure. Thesewere not intended to be propelled, but to be usedas stationary batteries for harbor defense, or else tobe towed out to operate against our wooden vessels.Then were burned, but not so seriously injured asto be entirely useless. A number of small vesselsand schooners were also burned. Great efforts weremade to destroy the dry dock, but they wereunsuccessful.

The magnificent Naval Hospital remains un-

touchwL Even the vandalism which has marked! somany of the acts of the rebels'.during this war,shrank from the sacrilege of firing this splendidstructure. ;

A good deal has been said in conversation here ofthe'feeling of the citizens of Norfolk. AH'the pub-lic indications of sentiment in the city thus far havecertainly been on the side of secession. Scarcelyhalf-a-dozen men have ventured to come out boldlyas Union men. The general tone of conversation,where you succeed in getting any, is dull, discon-tented, and sour. I do- not regard this, however, asan infallible indication of settled political sentiment.The people unquestionably feel that they have beenabandoned by their friends and eohquered by theNorth-. This is never a pleasant feelmg, and menmust be pardoned for not being able to conquer iton the instant. . I saw nothing during my stay inthe city, which was, it is true, very short, to indicatethat spiteful hatred of the Union arid its friendswhich has been manifested in other quarters.

The negroes were out in full force, and were allin their most smiling holiday attire. Whether itwas the-military show, always so fascinating to thenegro mind, or the equally strong passion for some-thing new; or a sanguine perception that all thisconquest is for their behoof, I do not pretend to say,but they certainly seemed to be the parties mostdeeply interested in the pageant of to-day. Quite anumber of Irismen were in the streets, and theywere mainly quite free to proclaim their satisfactioiiat the changed aspect in affairs. I had quite a politi-cal talk with a i dozen or so of plain, respectablepeople collected on the wharf. They deplore theexistings tate of things, but thought the Abolition-ists mainly to blame for it, and. said they were gladno more blood had been shed, because it would onlyexasperate the feelings of the people, and it seemedafter all that we should be obliged, to live togetheragain aa friends by-and-by. From what they couldlearn they thought the state of things very criticalat Richmond. The understanding, when GeneralHuger withdrew the troopa from Norfolk, was thatthey were to go direct by railroad to Petersburgh,and thence to Richmond; with a view to a generalconcentration of all the Southern troops for thedefense of that city. But they expressed a gooddeal of apprehension lest McClellan should reachRichmond in advance of such a concentration, andthere either frustrate it at once or form a junctionwith Banks and McDowell from the other side.They had advices from Richmond to Friday morn-ing, but they contained nothing very importantThe Whig to the 9th continues to, express the litmostconfidence in their ability to repel the "invaders."

I believe I have thus given you all that is ofspecial interest) (and more, perhaps, than you willcare to read,) concerning the capture of Norfolk,—including the Gosport Navy Yard, Fort Norfolk,Craney Island, and all the batteries along the shoreby which the approaches to the city were to bedefended,— and last, but not least, the destruction

• of the dreaded monster Merrimac. It was a blood-less victory, but all the more precious on thataccount Nor can any one douht that it is a directand inevitable1 result of the surrender'of Yorktbwn,and the retreat of the great rebel armyl After thatevent the fall of Norfolk was simply a question of•time. It could have been speedily and completelyisolated, and its supplies are already running low,

The business of the place is' evidently ruined.Grass is literally growing in wha,t were, once s'dmeof her busiest and most bustling cominerbial, streets.The presence of the army has given a stimulus tocertain limited kinds of business, but nothing uponwhich the prosperity of a great community can bebased. Everybody seemed to have his pockets fullof Confederate scrip, and many declared their beliefthat every dollar of it would'be redeemed. Butthis was rather an attempt to bolster up their ownfaith in the" only kind of money they had, than an

indication of confidence in its substantial value.• ' . ' i ' ' . • • i

Emancipation in South Carolina.THE N. Y. Tribune's South Carolina correspondj-

ent writes that Gen. Hunter has begun to issuefree papers to the negroes entitled under the act ofCongress to theirpfreedom by virtue of services com-pulsorily rendered to the rebels. Printed forms areprepared, requiring only to be filled with the name

of the former slave and the signature of the GeneralCommanding who emancipates him. The followingis a copy of the first:

It having been proven, to the entire satisfaction ofthe General Commanding the Department of theSouth, that the bearer, William Jenkins, heretofiireheld in,involutary servitude, has been directly em,-

Sloyed to aid and assist those in rebellion againstle United'States of America: : 'Now, be it known to all that, agreeably to the

laws, I declare the said person free, and forever ab-solved from all claims to his, services. Both he, andhis wife, and his dhildren, have full right to g o r i o ^south, east, or west, as1 they may decide! 'Given under my hand, at'the headquarters of'the

Department of the South, thia nineteenth dayof April, A. D., 1,862. D.. HuflijeER* .-y , i

Major-General Commanding,

That document passes into-history as, the firstact of Emancipation on the soil of South Carolingby the General Government of the United 'States*Its perfect lawfulness and conclusive effect arebeyond question, for it is based on a law of Goa-gress, put. in operation by. a Major-General Com-manding the Department, and the bearer of it is onboard the steamer Atlantic, on his way to the North,He is a negro of intelligence and excellent charac-ter. His name is rightly given as William Jenkins*but those who have known, him as a servant in,theChief Quartermasijer's, office will move readily, rercognize him as "Major."

Jtems and Incidents. .. ,•

.IN FOR IT.—The rebel Postmaster at Frederrick^burg is >to be held in dwqsnce vile until, herefunds the money which he retained in hishap),dson the secession of Virgiaja, and;which belonged tothe United States;,Treasury., 'Jhere will be a livelytime down Spxtth if all the Postmasters, Collectors,Marshals, Sub-Treasure^ and Paymasters, &c, whostole the public (money when tiie rebellion, brokeout, shall be called upon to replace it, as the Statescome back under the Federal Union.

THE L&SS AT PITTSBURG I/ANDIN©;— The official

returns of our losses at the :battle of Shilohi show aterrible array i of casualties, our losa having beennearly fourteen thousand, killed and wounded sodmissing- The following are therfigures: • r

Divisions. KilUd.McCIernawcL'S... 25,1 •"W. H. t. Wallace's,....228Lew/'Walla<»(*'8, 43Hurlbntfte, I ..313 ,Sherman's, 1 .437PrentissV . . . J 1 9 6Crittendens, 8pNelson's 93MjCook's,--- :.-•--'94-

Wounded. Missing.1,351 2361,033 1,163 ;

' 257' 98-.1,449 .. 22k' 1.402' 482

562 1,802410 - . 27.612 10806 4

Total , . . . . .1,735 7,882 4,044

The total killed, wounded, and missing is 13,661.About 300 of th,e. wounded have sipce died. Ourburial parties report between 2 500 aid 3,000 rebelsfound.dead on the field. B.eaure^d lost not lessthan 20,000 men in killed, wounded, and prisoners,andthe sick, used up rand panic stricken, during toy?movement from Corinth upon Pittsburg Landing.,.

TKE BATTLE opPHARiDSE.-^The Missouri Dem-ocrat and. Cincinnati Gazette publish the officialreports of Gen. Curtis and officers commandingdivisions in.the battle of Pea Ridge; Arkansas.They are extremely lengthy. The following is .thestatement of killed, wounded, and missing:

1st Day. 2dDay.

COMMANDED BY

144

70152

1st ftfvisionj Gen. Sigel; . - 4 2 11 • 89 382dDivi6ion, Gen. Asfcotk,.... 3 3 - 17. 60 363d Division, Col. Davis; 4 18 - 42 256 94th Division, Col. Carr, 6 29 2 96 491' 788dIowaCav., Col.,Bu&sey, . . . - . 1 , - 2 4 , 1 8 9Bowen'sBat,Maj. Bowen, . . . - 1 1 2 2 o

T o t a l . . . . . . _ . 1,351

THE,rebel officers taken prisoners have been setto work digging up the torpedoes at Yorktownwbieh themselves had planted. They groanedunder their work, but the officer in charge.toldthem that:the planting of torpedoes was not a easelaid; down in the books of civilized warfare. Theirnext experience will be. in their own magazines;

ORDNANCE CAPTURED SINCE THE COMMENCE-

MENT OP THE WAR.—Since the rebellion broke out

there have been captured from the Federals, atManassas and elsewhere, thirty pieces of artilleryThe following is a statement of the number of gunstaken from the rebels:

Mill Spring's intre'nehrnerits, 10Fort Henry, 17Roanoke Island, 42Elizabeth Oity,'.. . .1.- . ' 5BowlingGreen, 49Fort Dotfelson, _, : 65Neay,Bird's Point, Mo., &ColuiniWs, - . - - . - - , . - - , , 15Fort Clinch, _ 1 . . . . . . 14,Pea Ridge, 13New Madrid,. 1. . .57-Batteriesxm ."Potomac, j ; 10Shipping Point battery, . . . . , i. 6Evanspor/t battery, j . . . . . ..»»».*.','7 ,, .OtherPotbmac batteries, 1 . . . . ' JQNewbern, N. C , __._„ ......:. 61Island No. lOandshbre batteries:... 110•FortPulaski.. : L 47FortMacon ' .^. .„._._ 50Yorkto^n- .^ , . . ,. . . 71 •,Norfolk; Craney Island, Sewall's Point] Pig's Point,

etc . . . . . -l.._..„-_",_' . . ' . . I - -- ' --182Fort Jackson, New Orleans.... -.150Fort St. Philip, New Orleans . . .135

On vessels, . .

Total,

This list is made up from newspaper seoices.Could the fact& be more accurately got at, it isprobable that the entire number of cannon, largeand small, captured from the: enemy, woluld be con-siderably increased.

EMPLOYMENT OF CONTRABANDS.'—The following

instructions have been sent to the Flag Officer ofeach of the blockading squadrons: "

NAVY DEPARTMENT, April 30,1862.

Sni: The apbroach of the hot and sickly seasonupon the southern coast of the United States reii-dera it imperative that every precaution Bhaold) feeused by the(o|&cers commanding vessels to eonjir"'"the excellent sanitary condition of their ci?ews. 1large number of persons known' as " contrabandflocking to the protection of the United Stainsjl"afFords. an .opportunity to provide in every "fnent of a snip, especially for boats' crewimated labor.' The Flag Officers are re^obtain the services of these persons for the country,by enlisting then* freely in the navy, w^h^hej te^-sent, rating them as boys, at $8, $A.orifM.permonth, andT one ration. Let a monthly return n$made! of the riutnbeT of this class !6f pers'ofils'feni-ployedoneach vessel under your cOmmandL - /

1 am, respectfully, your qb'ij servant, ., ;QiDEQN WELLES, .

A STIRRING. INCIDENT.—A correspondent of the

Tribune, describing the battle at WilliamsbnrgYaithe moment when eight thousand of our bravefellows stood like a wall of ro«k,to repel the assaultof twentyfive thousand of the fresh- troops of theenemy.; narrates the following incident: ••--.•

^Brigadier Berry, of the stout State of Maine;wading through, the mud and rain at such speedthat he actually overtook and passed three other

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

brigades, came in sight. Heintzelman shoutedwith gratitude. He ran to the nearest band, andordered it to meet the coming regiments with ' YankeeDoodle, and to give them marching time into thefiddwith the Star-Spangled Banner. A wild 'hurrah!'went tip from the army, and with a yell that waselectric, three regiments of Berry's brigade went tothe front, formed a line nearly half a mile long, andcommenced a volley firing that no troops on earthcould stand before; then at the double-quick dashedwith the bayonet, at the rebel army, and sent themflying from the field into their earthworks, pursuedthem into the largest of them, and drove them outbehind with the pure steel, and then invited themto retake it. The attempt was repeatedly made,and repeatedly repulsed. The count of the rebeldead in that battery at the close of the fight wassixty-1;hree.

Department of the Mississippi.SKIRMISHES abound in the Department of Gen.

Halleck, and it looks as though both parties weregathering all their energies for a desperate battle atCorinth. We give such intelligence as has beenreceived up to the present writing:

A dispatch to the Louisville Journal says Gen.Dumont, with portions tif Wolford's and Smith'sKentucky cavalry, and Wynkoop's Pennsylvaniacavalry, attacked Morgan's and Wood's rebel cav-alry—800 in number—at Lebanon, on the morningof the 12th, at 4 tfclock. The rebels were utterlyrouted. A large number were slain. One hundredand fifty prisoners were taken, and nearly alltheir horses and arms captured. They fled afterfighting for an hour and a half. It was a bril-liant affair, managed with great skill by GeneralDumont Colonel Smith was wounded in the leg.Col. Wolford IB wounded in the abdomen seriously.The rebels were completely surprised and out-witted.

The desperation of the rebel cause on theMississippi culminated on the 10th, in an attackon the flotilla above Port Wright Early Saturday

morning, eight of the gunboats came around thepoint above tfce fort, and boldly advanced towardthe fleet. The Cincinnati, which was stationed atthe point, did not attract their attention until thefleet had passed above her. As soon as she wasseen, a simultaneous attack from the whole of thegunboats was made upon her with but little effect,as the guns were but poorly aimed. The Cincinnatihad hauled into the stream, when an iron-clad ram,supposed to be the Mallory, advanced in the face ofcontinued broadsides until within 40 yards, whenmen appeared upon her decks preparing to boardwith the grapnels thrown out, which design wasfrustrated by the steam batteries of the Cincinnati.In the meantime the rest of the gunboats hadarrived on the scene of action and engaged therebel fleet The Mallory, undaunted by her failure,crowded on a full head of steam and came towardthe Cincinnati, evidently intending to run her down.Capt Stemble, in command of the latter, waiteduntil the rebel monster was within twenty yards,when he sent a broadside into her prow, his Parrottgone doing fearful execution. The two boats wereso close together by this time that it was impossiblefor the gunners of the Cincinnati to swab out theguns, and it was only by bringing the steam batter-ies to bear upon her again that the Mallory wascompelled to head off.

Capt Stemble shot her pilot with his revolver,and was himself wounded by a piBtol shot fired bythe pilot's mate of the Mallory, while the engage-ment between the two vessels was progressing. Ourshots had exploded the boilers of one of the rebelgunboats and set fire to another, burning her to thewater's edge. The air was very heavy, and under«over of the dense smoke which hung over theriver, the rebel fleet retreated, but was pursueduntil they gained shelter under the guns of Fort"Wright

None of our boats are injured except the Cincin-nati. The damage, to her is so slight she can berepaired in twenty-four hours. Pour men werekilled, including the master's mate. No other cas-ualties were mentioned. When the smoke cleared.away a broadside from the,Flag Ship Benton wassent aiter the Mallory, and she was terriblydamaged.

The following dispatch has been received at theHeadquarters of the Army of the Mississippi;

NBAB FARMINGTON, May 9—P. M.

To Major-General EaUecTc: — The enemy, 20,000strong, .drove in our pickets beyond Farmington,and advanced upon the brigade occupying the fur-ther side of the creek, in front of my camp. Thebrigade held on for five hours, until finding them-selves heavily pressed in front and on the flank, and"that I could not sustain them without passing thecreek with my whole force—which would havedrawn on a general engagement—I withdrew them•to this side in good order. The conduct of the'troops was excellent, and the withdrawal was madeby them very reluctantly. The enemy made a•demonstration to cross, but abandoned'the move-ment Our loss is considerable, but I cannot yettell how great The enemy being much exposed,suffered very severely—one of his batteries beingcompletely disabled, and his infantry line havingbeen driven back several times. :

My xjommand are eager for the advance.JOHN POPE, Major-General.

The correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette, two-days later, says of this contest:

General Pope's affair here on the 9th resulted in aloss OH our side of 21 killed, 14 wounded, and 10missing. Plumjner's brigade of Stanley's division,and Palmer's brigade of Paine's division,; werealone engaged on our side. .Groesbeck's brigadewas not engaged,; but was sent to support heavyartillery. Among the killed on our side was Lieut-Colonel Miles, of the 47th Illinois. There is no sortof doubt we could have held our ground, but Popewas forbidden to re-enforce,,as that would havebrought on a general .engagement on our left, andso had to withdraw his brigades. The enemy madeno pursuit and so we occupied the .ground againnext morning.

Our left occupies its old position, four miles to theeast of Corinth. The center and right are now notover four or five miles from the enemy's works.Pope*^advance is hardly three miles. It- is utterlyuseles#fo attempt predicting when an attack maybe made. Extra supplies are accumulating at Mon-terey. The roads are excellent, and nothing seemslikely to prolong delay except the want of thethorough knowledge of the enemy's -position andstfcength. The center and right are advancingto-day. It is not impossible we may soon beengaged in the construction of parallel trenches andregular approaches, though one or two things neces-sary before laying a Beige have not been1 accom-plished. Gen. Halleck and his entire staff havebeen on the front all day to-day, directing move-ments in person. Our troops are .cut down to theleast possible baggage, and each company is reducedto two tente.

A special from Cairo to the Chicago Times on the13th, says:

The steamer Meteor from Pittsburg Landing Sun-day morning, has arrived here. There had been nogeneral engagement, although the situation of thetwo armies is much>nrore threatening than at anyprevious time. There had been several severeskirmishes, which, without producing any change,seem to show the intention of contesting forces. Itwas definitely ascertained that so far from thereports about evacuation being true, the enemy isstrengthening his defences for the defeat of ourarmy instead of abandoning his intrenchments.An innumerable force of negroes was at work fellingtrees and forming an abattis and strengthening theearthworks. It is now known that Gen. Lovellreached Corinth, bringing with him an army of30,000 men. It can no longer be a matter of doubtthat Beauregard is preparing his army for a des-perate struggle. Our reconnoitering parties inva-riably meet the enemy, go where they will; on hills,in woods, along roads, rebels seem present in over-powering strength. Preparations for a battle aremade on a grand scale. Roads are cut through thewoods to facilitate the movements of the differentdivisions. Seige guns are mounted in great num-bers, and nothing is wanted on our part to win thecontest

Six deserters from Louisiana regiments, who camein last night say their force at the very lowestfigure is one hundred thousand, inside of formidablefortifications; also, that their Generals have toldthem there is no better natural place for defense inthe whole Southern country than Corinth. Theyreport great dissatisfaction among the Louisianaregiments since the fall of New Orleans.

The following paragraph, which looks like busi-ness, ia from a field oro" e"r issued on the 15th inst: '

Guards will be immediately placed along the lineof Chambers' Creek. No ofhcer or soldier will bepermitted to pasB to the rear, and no citizens to thefront of the line without special authority. Com-manders of the army corps and divisions will seethat their camps are cleared of all unauthorizedhangers-on, and any one attempting to evade thiswill be compelled to work on intrenchments, batter-ies, or in the construction of roads. This is under-stood to apply to all persons, correspondentsincluded.

The following dispatch was received at the WarDepartment on the 16th:

HEADQUARTERS 3D DIVISION, CAMP TAYLOR, )HUNTSVILLE, ALA., May 15. j

Eon. Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War:—Atsix P. M., on the 13th inst,-General Negley's expe-dition from Pulaski, supported by Colonel Littles'expedition from Athens, entered-Eogersville, driv-ing the enemy across the Tennessee and destroyinga portion of the ferry boats. Having learned of theapproach of Col. Littles' force, the enemy succeededin removing their artillery, baggage, and stores be-fore the arrival of Gen. Negley.

I expected an obstinate defense of the passage ofthe Elk River, and accompanied Col. Littles in per-son, but without crossing. The enemy, as usual,fled at our approach.

I ordered, yesterday, an expedition to movepromptly from Rogersville to seize the bridge acrossShad Creek, and the ferry below the mouth of thesame stream. This duty has.been promptly exe-cuted, and the ferry and bridge are ours.

No more troops will enter from that region, andwe have now upon this side of the river 1,200 or1,500 cavarly of the enemy in bands of three or fourhundred, whom we will endeavor to hunt down, de-stroy, or capture. The gunboat which I have ex-temporized will be ready for service to-day, and Iwill soon be able to pay my respects to the enemyon the eastern side of the river.

Major-General O. M. MITCHELL.

Beauregard has issued an address to his soldiers,which decides two or three heretofore mooted points.First, Corinth has not been evacuated, and there isto be a battle at that place. Second, the rebel Gen?eral did not know of the disasters to his fellowrebels at the East, nor of the determination to fleefrom " the historic battle-field of Yorktqwn:"

HEADQUARTERS OF THE FORCES AT>CORINTH, MISS., May 2,1862. 5

Soldiers of ShUoh and, ElJchorri: — yfe are aboutto meet once more in the shock of battle the invad-ers of our soil, the despoilers of our homes, the dis-turbers of our family ties, face to face, hand to hand.We are to decide whether we are to become freemenor vile slaves to those who are free only in name,and who but yesterday were vanquished, althoughin largely superior numbers, in their own encamp-ments, on the ever-memorable field of Shiloh. Letthe impending battle decide our fate, and add a moreillustrious page to the history of our revolution-one to which our children will point with noblepride, saying—" Our fathers were at the battle ofCorinth." I congratulate you on your timely junc-tion. With your mingled banners, for the first timeduring this war, we should meet our foe in strengththat should give us victory. Soldiers, can the resultbe doubtful? Shall we not drive back into Ten-nessee the presumptous mercenaries collected forour subjugation? One more manly effort, and,trusting in God and the justness of our cause, weshould recover more than we have lost. Let thesound of our victorious guns be re-echoed by thoseof the army of Yirgiriia on the historic battlefield ofYorktown. G. T.: BEAUREGARD, Gen. Conl.

J . M . OLEYJ Act AsBt Adj. Gen.

The telegraph this (Monday) morning gives usthe following additional intelligence:

The steamer Swan from Pittsburg has arrived.News unimportant. ' A spirited skirmish has takenplace, lasting nearly two days,'and the rebels weredriven back, but not until they had succeeded inburning the bridge over the small stream four mileBfrom Corinth. Twelve of bur men are reportedwounded. Deserters continue to report the scarcityof provisions in the rebel camp. Many of theirCattle are starving for want of forage. ", There was a general advance along our ,line onthe 17th, toward Corinth. There was much skir-mishing, and several slight engagements.. GeneralSherman's division lost 44 killed and a considerablenumber wounded in attacking Russel's house, whichthe rebels have occupied for some time past worry-ing the pickets. We succeeded^in driving the enemyfrom his position back to his works. Our men areunder arms expecting an attack on Sunday morning.

Skirmishers from the 8th Missouri regiment aretirree hundred yards from the enemy's breast works.Several rifles were captured in a skirmish on thenight of the 16th. T;hey are perfectly new, andmarked Breese, Fireman & Brenen, and much supe^ripr to the rifles used by our sharp shooters, havinga range of 1,580 yards, while ours are only effectualat about 1,000 yards. In all cases the dead rebelswere shot in the head, and the wounded in theneck. The enemy left on the field 40 killed and 100wounded.

Deserters from Corinth report an entire absenceof chloroform in their medical stores. The weatheris quite warm and the roads are very dusty.

The last news from the fleet states that severalrebel gunboats came around Craig Head Point yes-terday on a reconnoissance. The Benton openedfire as soon as they came in range, when the rebelsretreated. The gunboat Mound City has been thor-oughly repaired, and goes down to+night Thepassengers by the Swan give currency to the rumorthat Bragg is in command at Corinth, Beauregard

having been called to Virginia to re-organize therebel army in the vicinity of Richmond.

Refugees say that military offieers from Corinthwere frequently in Memphis, and complained bit-terly of the loss the Southern cause sustained by thedelay of Halleck in making an attack on them.Beauregard has been ready for weeks; every daythat passes weakens him. He has received all there-enforcements that it is possible for him- to pro-cure, excepting new levies, while sickness ragesthroughout his camp to an alarming extent Hehas placed an imperative embargo on letter writingfrom his camp. No soldier is permitted to send anywritten communication to friends.

The latest advices from Gen. Curtis are, that hisforces are between Searcy and Little Rock, Ark.,and rapidly marching to the Capital. Gen. Rectorhas called on the militia, and people generally, tocome out Large numbers have applied to GeneralCurtis for protection, who desire to come under theold flag.

Department of the East.W E have but little stirring intelligence from

that portion of the army under Major-General Mc-Clellan. It is working its way slowly but certainlytoward the rebel capital. We give such occurrencesas are worthy of note:

CAMP 19 MILES FORM WILLIAMSBDRG, May 11.

To Eon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War:—With-out waiting further for official reports, which haveriot yet reached me, I wish to bear testimoy to thegallant conduct of Hooker's and Kearney's divi-sions, under command of Gen. Heintzelman, in thebattle of Williamsburg. Their bearing was worthyof veterans. Hooker's division for hours gallantlywithstood the attack of greatly superior numberswith very heavy loss. Kearney arrived in time torestore the fortunes of the day and came most gal-lantly into action.

I snail probably have occasion to call attention toother commands and do not wish to do injustice tothem by mentioning them now. If I had the fullinformation I now have in regard to the troopsabove named, when I first telegraphed, they wouldhave been specially mentioned and commended. Ispoke only of what I knew at the time, and I shallrejoice to do full justice to all engaged.

GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,Major* General Commanding.

Two AND A HALF MILES PROM KENT C. H., )Cumberland, Va., Sunday morning,- May 11. 5

A company of the 6th cavalry passed last night toWhitehouse, five miles from here, on the PamunkeyRiver, better known as the Custis Estate, owned bya son of Gen. Rob't E. Lee. The company secured7,000 bushels wheat and 4,000 bushels corn.

The rebels had burnt the railroad bridge and tornup the road for some distance towards Richmond.

The gunboats arrived here this morning, and arenow on their way to White House. The rebels hadblockaded the river two miles below here, by sink-ing vessels, but they were blown up without muchtrouble. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,

Major-General Commanding.HEADQUARTERS ARMY OP THE POTOMAC, >

Camp at Porter's Church, May 12, 1862. >To Eon,, E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War:—Com-

modore Rogers writes me to-day that he went withthe gunboats past Little Banoon.

Everything is quiet and no signs of .troops cross-sing the river. He found two batteries of 10 or 12guns each, on the south side of the James river, oneopposite the mouth of the Warwick, and othersabout south-west of Mulberry Point

The upper battery on Hardin's or Mother Lince'sbluff has heavy rifled pieces; between the batterieslay the Jamestown ana Yorktowh.

Commodore Rogers offered battle, but the gun-boats moved off. He silenced a battery and ranpast the others. - GEO.. B. MCCLELLAN.

The Wyandank arrived at Washington on the 14thinst, from the Rappahannock. The officers reportthat the» Freeborn and Island Belle went up thePranktonk on Saturday, and cut out two rebelschooners, one with a valuable cargo of whisky andother stores. The Belle proceeded up the latterriver some distance and discovered a body of about500 rebels, deserters from Gloucester Point batteries,who stated that when the order was given to evacu-ate, they being disgusted with the service deter-mined to march to the Federal lines and surrender.They belonged to a Virginia regiment, and offeredto lay down their arms, and expressed a willingnessto take the oath of allegiance, which Capt Harris,of Belle, the administered to all of them.

The following was received at the War Depart-ment at 11 o'clock, P. M., on the 16th:

To Eon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War:—Thegunboats Galena, Monitor, Aroostook, Naugatuck,and Port Royal, were repulsed from Fort Darlingseven miles below Richmond, yesterday. A portionof them returned to Jamestown Island, near thisplace, in James river.

Lieut Morris, commanding the Port' Royal, sentoverland to me this A. M. for intelligence regardingthe condition of the Forts below the Island, and alsoto assist in burying the dead, which he broughtdown with him. Seventeen had been interred onthe banks of the river, and there are a number ofwounded on board, including Lieut Morris.

The 100-pound gun of the Naugatuck explodedon the first fire. DAVID CAMPBELL,

Colonel Fifth Cavalry.WHITB;HOU8E, May 17, 1862.

To Eon. E. M, Stanton, Secretary of War:—Acombined naval and army expedition under CaptMurray, U. S. N., and the troops and artillery underMajor Willard and papt. Ayers of the Army, wentsome twenty-five miles up the, Pamunkey river to-day, and forced the rebels to destroy two steamersand some twenty schooners. The expedition wasadmirably nianaged, and all concerned merit, credit.We have advanced considerably to-day. The roadsare improving. GEO. B. MCCLELLAN,.

Major-General Commanding. ,

No official report of the gunboat affair en theJames river has been received at the Navy Depart-ment The river is now clear of obstructions towithin eight miles of Richmond. At that pointthere is a heavy battery mounted on a high bluff,and the river is temporarily closed to navigation bysunken vessels, among which are said to be theYorktown and Jamestown, piles, chains, &c TheMonitor could not,raise her guns sufficiently,toreach the high battery, which rendered her useless.An inpessant fire was poured on the fleet from therifle pits on the river bank. A part of the fleet wasengaged at from six hundred to one thousand yardsfrom the main battery. . After an action of fourhours, the fleet finding it impracticable under thecircumstances to silence the battery on the bluff,withdrew, losing thirteen killed and wounded.Among the latter is Lieutenant Morris, wounded inthe leg with a minie ball, but not seriously. It isexpected that full particulars will be received in themorning.

The army correspondent of the Associated Presstelegraphs from Whitehouse, on the 17th inst, asfollows: The advance guard of the army, by theway of Bottom's Bridge, drove the enemy acrossthe Chickahominy river at West Point yesterdaymorning. When our troops arrived within abouthalf a mile from the bridge, which is burned, theywere opened upon by a brisk fire of artillery fromthe opposite side of the river. No one was injured.At this point bur troops will experience consider-able difficulty in crossing, as the country is low andswampy. A reconnoissance was made yesterday,by one of the gunboats, with two companies of

infantry under Maj. Willard, and a section of Ayers'Battery, up the Pamunkey river, a distance of 25miles from here. At a point known as Russell'slanding, they found the steamer Logan, one pro-peller, and fifteen schooners in flames. They wereladen mostly with corn, which was being unloaded.

Some contrabands on shore stated that when therebels heard our#gunboats coming, they commencedputting the corn on board again to ensure itsdestruction. A few shells soon dispersed the re-maining rebels in that locality, when the Federalsreturned to Whitehouse.

The roads for the past few days have been next toimpassable, owing to the recent rain. A divisiontrain was thirty-six hours making its way five miles,with teams doubled together, with the assistance ofa large number of troops. The advance of the armyfrom this point must necessarily be slow. Fromhere it loses the benefit of river transportation,requiring all the supply trains at the disposal of thequartermaster's department, to supply so vast abody of men with subsistence. The bridge betweenhere and the enemy has been destroyed, and everyimaginable obstruction placed in our track.

The Richmond Dispatch of the 12th has a lengthyarticle on the evacuation of Norfolk, Yorktown, andthe conduct of the war generally. It says that byabandoning the dejached posts, which are in reachof the enemy's fleet" and which it is therefore impos-sible to defend, we concentrate powerful forcesupon essential points, to baffle the enemy inevery attack of vital importance. The same papermentions a terrible panic on Friday, in Richmond,on the approach of the gunboats.' This being Sun-day, the army of the Potomac has ceased its labors,the troops remaining in camp enjoying a seasonof rest

• . • • »AFFAIRS AT

The past weak has been, in some respects, animportant one in Washington. First, came theProclamation of the President opening certain ofthe ports heretofore closed by blockade. We givethe documents:

Whereas, By my Proclamation of the nineteenthof April, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one,it was declared that the ports of certain States,including those of Beaufort, in the State of NorthCarolina: Port Royal, in the State of South Caro-lina; and New Orleans, in the State of Louisiana,were, for reasons therein set forth, intended to beplaced under" blockade; and, Whereas, The saidports of Beaufort, Port Royal, and New Orleanshave since been blockaded; but as the blockade ofthe same ports may now be safely relaxed withadvantage to the interests of commerce:

Now, therefore, be it known, that I, AbrahamLincoln, President of the United States, pursuant tothe authority in me vested by the fifth section of theact of, Congress, approved on the 13th of July last,entitled " An act farther to provide for the collec-tion of duties on imports, and for other purposes,"do hereby declare that the blockade of the said portsof Beaufort, Port Royal, and New Orleans shall sofar cease and determine, from and after the first dayof June next, that commercial intercourse with thoseports, except as to persons and things and informa-tion contraband of war, may, from that time, becarried on, subject to the laws of the United States,and to the limitations and in pursuance of the regu-lations which are prescribed by the Secretary of theTreasury in his order of this date, which is appendedto this Proclamation.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand,and caused the seal of the United States to beaffixed.

Done at the City of Washington, this twelfth dayof May, in the year of our Lord one thousand

[L. s.J eight hundred and sixty-two, and the inde-pendence of the United States the eighty-sixth. ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

By the PresidentWM. H. SEWARD, Secretary of State.

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, May 12, 1862.

REGULATIONS RELATING TO TRADE WITH PORTSOPENED BY PROCLAMATION.

First — To vessels clearing from foreign ports,and destined to ports opened by the Proclamationof the President of the United .States of this date,namely, Beaufort, in North Carolina; Port Royal,in South Carolina; and New Orleans, in Louisiana;licenses will be granted by Consuls of the UnitedStates, upon satisfactory evidence that the vessels solicensed will convey no person, property or inform-ation contraband ©f war, either to or from the saidports—which licenses shall be exhibited to the Col-lector of the port to which said vessels may berespectively bound, immediately on arrival, and ifrequired, to any officer in charge of the blockade:and on leaving either of the said ports, every vesselwill be required to have a clearance from the Col-lector of the Customs according to law, showingthat there has been no violation of the conditions ofthe license. Any violation of the said conditionswill involve the forfeiture and condemnation of thevessel and cargo, and the exclusion of all partiesconcerned from any further privilege of enteringthe United States during the war, for any purposewhatever.

Second—To vessels of the United States clearingcoastwise for the ports aforesaid, license can only beobtained from the Treasury Department

r/iird—In all other respects the existing blockaderemains in full forpe and effect as hitherto estab-lished and maintained; nor is it relaxed by theProclamation, except in regard to the ports to whichthe relaxation is by that instrument expressly ap-plied. S. P. CHASE, Sec. Treas.

The Proclamation of Major-General Hunter, if weare to believe the telegrams, caused intense excite-ment in the vicinity of the White House. It hasbeen rumored that a division in the views of theCabinet would cause a dissolution among the Presi-dential advisers. It is positively stated the Procla-mation was issued without the authority or knowl-edge of the President, whom it took entirely bysurprise.

Marylanders say that a few days ago 1,000 slaves,as if by a pre-concerted movement, simultaneouslyleft masters and homes in1 Prince George's county,Md., and came to the District of Columbia, wherethey still are.

The French Minister discredits the rumors ofEuropean interference in our affairs, and it. is gen-erally thought here that whatever purposes mayhave been entertained by England and France, thenews from New Orleans will cause their indefinitepostponement

A* movement is making by the Government,which indicates a design on its part to assist thestarving people of New Orleans, as in case of thoseof Newbern and other points. A dispatch was yes-terday received directing that the Ocean Queenshould be loaded with commissary stores and sentdirect to New Orleans. It is understood that thestores are for distribution as Gen. Butler may direct

The mail to be sent to New Orleans this eveningby the steamer Connecticut, will be much largerthan was expected. The number of letters whichwill be mailed before the Connecticut sails, is esti-mated at nearly 10,000. Nearly all of these arebusiness letters.

[The telegraph this (Tuesday) A. M. informs usthat President Lincoln has issued his proclamationdisavowing all knowledge of or responsibility forthe order of Gen. Hunter. The President declaressuch order void, reserving to himself the authorityfor any and all such movements. We will publishthe document in our next issue.—EDS. RURAL.]

OF NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.

Harper's New Monthly Magazine—Harper & BrothersPortable Green Houpe Engine—Cowing & Co.The Best Tile Machine—A. La Tourrette, Jr., AgentHoward's New Mower and Mower and Reaper—R. L1 Hri».,jThe New York Self-Raking Reaper and Mower -Sevmof,,

Morgan & Allen. ' "ul»SPECIAL NOTICES.

The Cure lor Stammering —H. C. C. Mears.

— CoL Corcoran is reported quite ill at Kichmond.

— Kossuth has just lost his second daughter, aged 18.

— Mercier, the French Minister, was born in Baltimore.— Daniel E. Sickles has been confirmed as a Brigadier-

General.

— Gen. Wool has been raised to the full rank of a Maioi-GeneraL

— Twelve feet six inches of snow fell at St Johnsbury Vtlast' winter.

— A new German paper, just started in New York, is calledDer Monitor.

— Gold is pouring into the Treasury by millions, in exchangefor 7.30 bonds.

— Jeff. Davis complains that the fall of New Orleans "inter-feres with his plans."

— The iron-clad steamer Ironsides was successfully launchedat Philadelphia, last week.

— Intervention in American affairs is again seriously talkedof in England and France.

— Gov. Pickens, of South Carolina, proclaimed martial lawin Charleston on the 5th inst.

— The most furious speculators in Wall street stocks aresaid to be some lady capitalists.

— The old New York Red Ball line of packets for NewOrleans advertises to start again.

— The gold-seekers, who left Boston for Nova Scotia a fewweeks ago have returned disgusted.

— The Nashville (Tenn.) papers report that ripe strawberriesare selling there at 25 cents per quart

— Carlos Haven, State Attorney of Illinois, died at bigresidence in Chicago, on Saturday week.

— A vessel, the John J. Boyd, has sailed from Liverpool toNew York with, 700 Mormons on board.

— The venerable Judge Isaac Sisson, of Auburn; died inthat city on Tuesday week, aged 86 years.

— In Arkansas, Union feeling is growing, and numeroussecessionists are taking the oath of allegiance.

— Over nine thousand shells were thrown by the fleet in thebombardment of the forts below New Orleans.

— Gen. James Craig, the ex-Missouri Congressman, is to beput in command of the Department of Kansas.

— Several bags of coffee were sold at auction in Savannahlast week, at prices ranging from 60 to 65 cents.

— The Wheeling Intelligencer says that in Western Virginiathere are only two avowedly pro-slavery papers.

— According to Gen. Floyd's explanation of his official report,he carried off only 1,246 men from Fort Donelson.

— It is reported that the emancipation and confiscationschemes are injuring Union sentiment in Kentucky.

— Col. Davidson, of the Third Mississippi regiment, capturedat Fort Donelso, died at Fort Warren on the 13th inst.

— There are over 30 special correspondents at PittsburgLanding, exclusive of those who accompany divisions.

— On May 1st there was not even a lilac in Washington tograce the May-Day parties—the season is so backward there.

— Dr. Hunt, associate editor of the Buffalo Express, hasjoined the noble band of volunteer surgeons at the seatof war.

— Mr. Joseph S. Fowler has been appointed to the office ofComptroller of Tennessee, under the provisional government

— A fire destroyed the cooper shop of Auburn Prison onFriday week. Loss to the State, $4,000; to contractors,$10,000.

— Mrs. Betsey Eastman, of Salisbury, N. H., celebratedher 100th birthday on the 23d ult, a very large company beingpresent.

— The Navy Department, it is said, is in immediate wantof seamen, and extra inducements are offered in the way ofadvances.

— The Western Sanitary Commission report that there are6,000 sick and wounded Federal soldiers in the St Louishospitals.

— The total arrests made by the police of Chicago duringthe year ending May 1, was eight thousand seven hundred andthirty-two.

— An American Missionary, the Rev. Mr. Coffing, wasrecently assassinated while traveling on the route from Adanato Aleppo.

— F. P. Troll, of the Contract Office, Postoffice Department,left Washington on the 15th for Norfolk, to open the Postofficeat that place.

— The office of the Memphis Appeal has been removed toGrenada, Miss., in "anticipation," it is said, "ef Federalmovements."

— The Hon. Goldsmith F. Bailey, M. C. from Massachusetts,Worcester District, died at his residence in Fitehburg, onFriday week.

— The lawyers complain of dull times. Out of 8,000 lawyersin New York city, it is said that not over 50 are making morethan a living.

— The Richmond Dispatch mentions two instances wherethe rebels in that city have buried their sick soldiers beforethey were dead.

— Mrs. Mary C. Thome, the last surviving witness of theexecution of Gen. Andre, died in New York on Saturday week,at the age of 92.

— Many of the Maryland newspapers are beginning to favorthe acceptance of compensatory emancipation for riddingtheirState of slavery.

— Some of the British soldiers stationed in New Brunswickhave been ordered to return to England. Maine is not to beconquered in 1862.

— Gov. Salomon, of Wisconsin, is said to be the firrt Ger-man citizen who has occupied the gubernatorial chair in anyState in the Union.

— Governor Letcher, of Virginia, has declared the ConscriptLaw to be unconstitutional. The Richmond Dispatch printshis message in full. .

— Intelligence has been received in New York from Florence,Italy, of the death of George W. Bethune, D. D., in that city,on the 28th of April.

— South Carolina has now in the field 39,274 soldiers, 12,000of whom are in the war. The excess at this time over theState's quota is 4,064.

— The winter wheat crop in Minnesota is said to be lookingexceedingly well, and farmers have been putting in large quan-tities of spring grain.

— The Connecticut Legislature has elected Hon. HiramGoodwin President of the Senate, and Hon. Jacob M. CarterSpeaker of the House.

— Henry D. Thoreau, one of the first writers of his age,and author of " Walden, or Life in the Woods," died lastweek at Concord, Mass.

— John Brown, Jr., writes that his company have liberatedseventeen hundred slaves in the last four months. Theyoperate in Western Missouri.

— A street railway 1% miles long has been laid down, andis now in operation, in Sydney, New South Wales. The railsand carriages are American make.

— The Hon. Samuel F. Vinton, formerly of Gallipolis, O.,but for about ten years past a resident of Washington, died inthat city on the 11th, aged 69 years.

— The unfinished monument to the memory of Mrs. Wash-ington, in Fredericsburg, Va., has been shamelessly defacedby the rebel soldiery, who used it as a target.

— Free negro nurses are called for by the rebels. . They areinformed that " if they go willingly, good wages will be paid;if the do not volunteer, they will be impressed."

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

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and friendly Subscribers are requested to present theclaims and merits of the paper to their neighbors.Every addition to our list wiM aid in maintaining theinterest and value of the RURAL during these times

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EXTRA SHED .PREMIUMS.—During the past month we havepiiuled choice collections of imported Flower Seeds to overthree hundred BUBAL Agents; and collections of Vegetableand Flower Seeds to two hundred. With few exceptionsthese collections have been sent in addition to other premiums,or to persons who were not entitled to any premium by ouroffers. They are, therefore, extra and gratis—and sent with-out notice or promise, as a recognition of the kindness andefforts of friends of the RURAL. If any friends who ought tobe thus recognized have failed to receive packages, we willforward on notification.

BACK VoLTTMES.- Bound copies of our last volume are nowready for delivery—price, $3; unbound, $2 We would againState that neither of the first five volumes of the RURAL can befamished by us at any price. The subsequent volumes will besupplied, bound, at $3 each— or if several are taken, at $2 SOeach. The only complete volumes we can furnish! unbound, arethose of 1859. '60 and '61—price, $2 each.

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THE CURE FOB STAMMERING.PAMPHLETS (new edition) describing BATES'APPLIANCES,

the NEW, SCIENTIFIC, and only known means, for.the perma-nent CURB OIVSTAMMKRIITO,, can be obtained, free of JExpress,by addressing H. C.C. MEARS,

645-2t No. 82,,Broadway, New York.

Jtlcirkete, Commerce .Rural New-Yorker Office, >

' • ROCHESTER, MAT 20th, 1861. \FLOUE — We note a slight decline in the rates for choice

iour, equal to 25 cents per barrelGRAIN—Wheat as last quoted. Corn is in good local demand,

and brings 50 cents per bushel. Oats have advanced to 38@39c.All other articles are as last quoted.

R o c h e s t e r W h o l e s a l e P r i c e s .

Flour and Grain.Flour, winter wheat,$5.2Flour, spring do, 4.79Flour, buckwheat... 0.00,«Meal, Indian 1.1Wheat Genesee 1.0Best white Canada.. 1!Corn, oldCorn, newRye, 60 fts fl bush..Oats, by weight,BarleyBuckwheatBeans 1.:

Meate.Pork, mess $11.5Pork, clear 13.0Dressed hogs, cwt 3.5Beef, cwt 4.0Spring lambs, each 1 ~Mutton, carcass...Hams, smokedShouldersChickensTurkeysGeeseDucks impair

Daley, &e.Butter, roll 13@14cButter, firkin 12@14c.Cheese 6%@7c.Lard, tried 6>5@7c.Tallow, rough 5@5j£c.Tallow, tried 7@7 c.

.dozenHoney, boxCandles, boxCandles, extra

Fruit and Boots.

Do. driedf)ft...Peaches, doCherries, doPlums, doPotatoes

Hides and SldnsT'Slaughter iy2qCallSheep Pelts <u.uu^.wLamb Pelts 25c@M)c

Seeds.Clover, medium, $4.25@4.50

Do. large, 6,00@6,25Timothy 1.50@2.00

Sundries".Wood, hardWood, softCoal, Scranton 5.5Coal, Pittston 5,5Coal, Shamokin... 5.5Coal, Char 75Salt,bbl $1.5Hay, tun 8.(Straw, tun 5.0Wool, $f ft 3Whitefish, half bbl. 3.2Codfish, quintal,... 4.5Trout, half bbl 3.2

THE PROVISION MARKETS.NEW YORK, MAT 19. —FLOUR—Market heavy, and un-

settled and 5c lower, with a moderate business doiDg for exportand borne consumption. At the close there were no buyers atoutside quotations. Sales at $4,45@4,50 for superfine State; $4,-6.1@4,75 for extra State; $4,45@4,60 for superfine Western; $4,65@4,86 for common to medium extra Western; $5,OO@5,IO forsnipping brands extra round hooped 'Ohio, and $5,20,a>6,60 fortrade brands do., the market closing heavy Canadian flourmarket may be quoted heavy, and 5c lower, with a moderate

and prices firm. Sales at $3,15 for Brandy wine and $2,80@2,85for Jersey and $3,20 for Marsh's caloric, and 50 puncheons at$15,00.

GRAIN—Wheat market heavy and may be quoted fully 2 ctslower, with a moderate business doing for export or home con-sumption, and a pretty strong disposition on the part of holdersto realize. Sales Chicago spring" at $l,00@.l,07; Canada club at$l,02@l,06; inferior to very prime Milwaukee club at $l,02@l,12;amber Iowa at $1,12; winter red Western at $1,13@1,15, and am-ber Michigan at $1,23. Rye heavy and lower. Sales at 76@78c,Barley rules dull and nominal at 70@86c. Barley malt steady;sales at $1. Peas more active and steady; sales common Cana-dian at 70c, and very choice do. at 78c. Corn market withoutmaterial change, with a moderate export demand. Sales at 51«©52c for new mixed Western, 52.^@53c for old do. in store anddelivered, 65c for new yelloV Jersey, and 56c for yellow South-ern. Oats are a little firmer; sales at 39@40c for Canada, Jer-sey, Western and State.

PROVISIONS—Pork market heavy, but prices without change.Sales at $12.50@12,75 for mess, $12,00@13,00 for prime mess, and$9,87%@1O for prime. Beef—marketruies quiet and very firm.Sales at. $6@,7 for country prime, $9,50@10for country mess, $12(5)13,50 for repacked do., $14@15 for extra mess. Prime mess beefguiet and m moderate demand. Market nominal at $21.00.—India mess in very moderate request; nominal at $23,00. Beefhams active and steady. Sales Eastern and Western at.$16,-75@17,0p Cut meats in moderate demand and steady. Salesat 4@4J$ic for Western and city shoulders, and 5@6c for hams.—Bacon sides rule dull, with a very limited business doing. Lard

w iui new umo, ana litouBC ior stalebut arm at S@£>£c for common to choice.

ASHES—Pots remain steady at $5.62%, with further sale —rearl are still scarce and wanted—a few bbls brought $5,75, butBorne sales are reported, to arrive, at $6 cash. • ' -

SEEDS—We notice sales small lots Clover, at7@7,Vc; Timothyat $1,75@2. and 100 bags Rough Flax, $2@2,20, cash., HOPS—The market for new is growing'firmer.Jas the (demandis larger than usual this season.' The consumption is estimatedat fully 40 per cent larger than last season. The stock of 1861,on hand, is very small compared with former years; consumersare buying only t* supply present wants; sales reach 250 balesat 13@19c, as to quality}—the latter figure for fancy, which areextremely scarce and in request 3n old, some 150 bales sold at7@10cfor consumption.

AIJBANT, MAT 19.—FLOUR AND 'MEAL—The market openedweak this morning for Flour, and throughout the morningonlya limited business was done, at about the closing prices of lastweek. Corn Meal is qaiet and unchanged.. txRAiN—There is a moderate supply of Wheat offering, but up

l-e Si08?,110 sales had been effected. Rye quiet. Corn lower,*?<»"? limited request; sales, in lots, at 48c for new, and 49c forold Western mixed. 'Barley quiet and dull. Oats in limitedrequest, with sales State at 40c.

BUFFALO, MAT 19 —FLOUR—The market on Saturday ruledquiet with very little demand for interior, and only moderate

Sf&i f2T h o m e l rade- S a l e s double extra Ohio and Indiana7 ^ ? 5 0 ? t W i i $JiJ^i3 7^? '5 0 ' , o r d in a lT extra Wisconsin $4,15; extra IndianalJ2^;*YfetemYh?at I l l l n o i s , do,uWe extra $5,50; S t Louis doubleextra $5,75. The lower grades lower, while the better grades area, $5,75.unchanged

? A Tg?.~T . h e ? n e a t market on Saturday opened with mod-hipping demand; no milling i n i t f llerate shipping demand; no milling inquiry, "except for small

lots of white and red winter for supplying immediate wants ofS is™ ™SalS8 yhite Canada at $U5@1,16; white Michigan¥l,18(<ai,l9; red winter Indiana $1,05; fi&Tbugh. Milwaukee club••? p r i v , a t e terms. Corn in moderate demand for distilling andBfpugh shipment Sales Saturday of old No. 1 at 40c"newf»?i ol<\3?@3?^c; closing Brm but quiet Oat market firm;stock light; fair demand. Last cargo sales was made at 34c;small lots have since been sold at 2@3c advance. Barley—mar-hfi«£a ?m?* ?»tb- limited demand. Stock here about 60,000Dusn. sales Chicago at 66c; cltoice Canada commands hiaherprices; some holders ask 68@70c for Canada choice pale Maltin limited demand and nominal at_70@75c tor rye, and 75@80cSSI* % ni& a n d ?or ^ e r y oh0*06 higher prices have beenrKrtiilSrii?^/ +1 market quiet, with only moderate demand foroisTiiung ana through shipment. No sales since last reportfe^oS^?iAofder8ask60c for Western.. Beans in good

t stock here, and good to choice readily com-for filling Eastern orders. Peas-^Co

"j ouiaii luws, at ooyy/uc.^?EDs—Timothy dull, inactive and nominal at $1,75 for Ca-

@i 50, for good to very choice small, and $6,00 for large.pr*?oy,lsI°N8-The market is d u l 1 a n d heavy, with onlynat *?i m S a ^ £ r h^12?,a5.d , i nt? r io r t r a d , e Mess Pork, heavy,cittL^f0^ lifftt, and $11,50 for heavy. Mess Beef at $9,00 forS * ^ d . Hams at 6c for plain 7Mc for do sacked, and 7c for

andfmofKef^t50 L a f e ^ ^ c . ^ " ".„. DriedFish and

Trout in good demand at $2.75@3,00 for new in half bbls.Cheese—The market quiet but firm, with light stock here andin hands of dairymen. We quote pine apple at 15c; cream 8>ac;pastern cutting 8>*c; medium dairy and shipping at 7c, 7> @8c.Butter—In good demand; choice qualities are scarce Canadianand Western packed at I2>s@14c State, fresh roll and choicepacked 14@16c.—Cowrie):

TORONTO, MAT 17—FLOUR—Nothing doing in Flour.GRAIN —In the street market yesterday, there were rather

better supplies of grain. Fall wheat, of which the receiptswere light, sold at $1. Barley was more freely offered at 7Uc to75c Oats very firm at 42c to 45c Peas 50c to 55c

PKJVISIONS, &o —Potatoes in good supply at 80c to 85c forrood cups, and 70c to 7fic, for inferior qualities. Fresu butter[7c. Eggs 7c to 9c. In beef no change, ranging from $4,60@5,50.Sheep scarce at $4,60 to $5.—Globe.

T H E CATTL.E M A R K E T S .

NEW TORK, MAT 14.—The current prices for the week atall the markets are as follows:

BEEF OATTLB.First quality, ^cwt. $8,0Ordinary quality, 7,5Common quality, 7,0Inferior quality,

COWS AND CALVES.First quality 446,00@M,00Ordinary quality 40,00((U46,00Common quality 30,00@35,00Inferior quality, 25,00(0)28,00„ VEAL CALVES.First quality $ f t 5Ordinary quality,..Common quality, „Inferior duality,....

SHEEP AND LAMB8. :

Prime quality 1 ^ head $5,0Ordinary, 4,2Common,... • 3,fiv,,,,,,wInferior, 3,00®3,50

SWINECorn-fed,..;'.

do. lightw... . . . . . . . ..Still-fed ."."."."".*.".".".*." 3>|(a)3>6c

ALBANY, MAT 19—BBEVBS —The receipts are lighter thanast week by about 60 car loads; still there are enough here to

supply the demand, and perhaps leave a few aver. The averagequality is up to that of last week, and there are two or threedroves in the yards tha t approach as near premium as any-;hing that has been in market for several weeks. Some think

tha t they have sold their corn-fed cattle at i@ioc S 100 fts low-e r t h a n last week, but the figures do not bear out this idea.

RECEIPTS — The following is our comparative statement of re-ceipts at this market over the Central Railroad, estimating 16 tothe car :

. , • Cor. weekThis week. Last week, last year.

Cattle 3,630 4,515 4,686Sheep 4. 3,420- . , 2,218; 3,735Hogs i 138 1,274 000PRICES—The market is moderately active1 at t he following

quotations :This week.

Premium 4J-LExtra, i%{First quality, 8>£(Second quality, 3 (Third quality

SHEBP—Sales reported during, the week 700 shorn a t 4J£@4%c$> ft, and a small drove extra at i%e. Wool sheep would com-mand 5%@6c, according to quality, bu t none are coming for-ward.

HOGS—There is no market for them here, and we are only ableto quote nominally; corn-fed 2%@3^Jc and still-fed 3K(£3>ic ¥>pound.

MILOH-COWS—$26@$40 for common to prime.—Atiasd Argus.

OAMBH.TWCE, MAT 14 — At market, 420 Cattle, about 375Beeves, and 45 Stores, consisting of Working Oxen, Cows, andone, two and three years old.

MARKET BJSKF—Extra (including nothing but the best largefat stall-fed Oxen) $6,50@6,75: first quality, $6,00@0,00; seconddo, $«,75@0,00; third do, $4,75@0,00; ordinary, $-KS^.

WORKING OXEN, $1 pair—$80@160. ™Cows AND CALVES—$25, $38(a>4&STORES—Yearlings, $—@—; Two years old, $J8@19; Three

yearsold, $21@22. .SHEBP AND LAMBS—2200 at market. Prices in lots, $2,Q0(g)3.-

00 each; extra, $3,50(a»5.00, or 3 @5c ft ft.SPRING LAMBS — $S.5O@AJSO.HIDBS —6<a6Mc » ft. Tallow—6@8>ic.PKLTS — $0;SO@2,00. Calf Skins—8@9c 1ft ft.VEAL CALVES, from $3,00@4,00.

B b l O H T O N , MAT 15 —At market, 1100 Beef Cattle, 85Stores. 2,200 Sheep and Lambs, 400 Swine.

B E E F CATTLE—Prices, extra, $6,75.mO0; first quality, $6,60®0,00; second do, $6,00@0,00; third do, $4,75@5,Q0.

WORKING OXEN— $95, $1OO@135.MILCH COWS—$48@49; common, $19@20.VEAL CALVES — $4V00@6.STORES—Yearling, *0@00; Two years old, $O0@0O; Three years

old, $2l(a)22.H I D E S — 6@6>£cf) ft. Tallow —6@6XcPELTS—$0i50@2,00 each. Calf Skins—8@9c$) ft.SHEBP AND LAMBS—$3,00®3,5O; extra, $4".00@5,GOSWINE—Stores, wholesale,! @4>£c; retail, 4^@6 c. Spring

Pigs,00@00c ' _

T H E WOOIi M A R K E T S .

NEW YORK, MAT 15.—The market is steady, and sales mod-erate, without material change in prices. A hardening ten-dency in, however, perceptible in rates of the finest and coarsestdescriptions; sales have been made of 60,000 fts. fleece, 300 balesCalifornia, 100 do. Donskoi, 120 do. Mestizona, 50 do. unwashedSmyrna, and 250 do. Cape Good Hope, at our quotations. A fairbusiness exists with the trade in all descriptions.

Saxony Fleece*}ft 48®69American full-blood Merino 46@48American, half and Merino 44@46American Native and quarter Merino 40@42Extra pulled 44G&45Superfine pulled ,„ , . , 42(3542No. 1 pulled , 34(235Lamb's pulled ...OOfflOOCalifornia fine, unwashed , 30®32California common do „., 14@16Peruvian washed 4 82@35Valparaiso unwashed . „ ....14@,15South American Merino unwashed , . .21@23South American Mestiza unwashed 24@26South American common washed 14ffll6South American Entre Riosdo 20(322South American unwashed 9(a).12South American Cordova washed 24<2j26Cape Good Hope unwashed 22(a25East India washed I8(p)25African unwashed 16(2)20African washed i , 30T5)34Mexican unwashed 12@HTexas , . . , . . . , OOtoOOSmyrna unwashed ..18@22Smyrna washed ; 30@32

B U F F A L O , M A T 19.—Wool quiet. There is but little doing.The quotations nominal; American fleece ranging from 38@48c;pulled a t 35@45c.—Courier.

ALBANY, M A T 15.—Uuring the week the market has ruledsteady with a moderate consumptive demand. The stock here,has been considerably reduced, and does not exceed 80.000fts.of all kinds. The sales reach 32,080 fts,, and include 10,000 lbs.hne fleece a t 45c; 15,000 fts. super pulled o n p t , and 7,000 fts.extra pulled at 45c—-Journal.

BOSTON, M A T 15.—The following are the rates for theweek:Saxony and Merino, fine,47@51Full blood, 46®47S and J* blood, 43:3146'Oinmon, 4KS43

Pulled, extra 46®53Do. superfine, 435550Do. No. 1 30(fQ45Do No. 2 00®00Western mixed, 35i2»3

Texas, 00@00Smyrna, washed,.'. 20@32Do. unwashed, 12®22Syrian, 13@26Cape 21@25Crimea, U@20Buenos Ayres, ll®40Peruvian, washed, 3to35Canada,

IN-Greece, on the morning of the 18th inst, ANN McNEILL,wife of LTMAN B. LANGWORTHT, aged 74 years.

IN Ridgeway, May 6th, Mrs. POLLY PERRY, wife of ABELPERRT, aged.78 years.

IVew. Advertisements.

C T ADVERTISING TERMS, bi Advance—THIRTT-FITECENTS A LINE, each insertion. A price and a half for extradisplay, or 62}£ cents per line of space. SPECIAL NOTICES (fol-lowing reading matter, leaded,) Sixty Cents a Line.

I3F" The immense circulation of the RURAL NEW-YORKER—full twenty thousand more than that of any other similar j our-nal—renders it by far the Best and Cheapest Advertising Mediumof its class in America. This FACT should be borne in mindhjr all Nurserymen, Manufacturers, Wholesale Dealers, LandAgents, &c, &c, who necessarily depend upon the People ofthe North for patronage.

N E W Y O R KJL

Self-Raking Reaper and Mower,Is the 'best and mest economical Harvester of Grain and Grassyetinvented. Only one hand is necessary to manage it, and itrequires less labor to bind after it than alter the best hand-

It is simple and durable, not liable to get out of order, and thesaving in labor by the Belf-rake alone will pay for the entiremachine before it is worn out

All the gearing is hung on an iron frame, and the cutter-baris made of steel.

For Circulars and other information, apply to the manu-facturers. SEYMOUR, MORGAN & ALLEN,

645-4t Brockport, Monroe Co., N. Y

JJOWAED'S NEW MOWERAND

IVEo'wei" and. ReaperFOR 186S.

FOUR SIZES —cheap—durable—light draft—free from clog-ging, and perfect in their operation, either in cutting grain or

gfaSS SEND FOR CIRCULARgiving full description and cuts of machine.

N. B.—I have leased the right of A. W. MORSB to use hiPATENTED LSTER or hoister, by which the finger-bar of aMowing Machine is raised and lowered, therefore farmers willnot be subject to prosecution by said MOKSE for using this valuable invention.

E. I- HOWABJ>, Buffalo, N. Y,

/ COMMENCEMENT of TWENTY-FIFTH VOLUME

HARPER'S

NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE.No. CXLV.] CONTENTS. [JUNE, 1862.

g Coming. — Inome. —Eleven

BROADWAY.ILLUSTRATIONS —The Pave.— Someth

Forma Pauperis.—Work is over.—Ato'clock.— Toward Morning.

A DANGEROUS JOURNEY. {Concluded.)ILLUSTRATIONS—A Lonely Ride —The Attack —San

Miguel—Span tRh Caballero—Valley of Santa Marguerita—Lassoing a Grizzly—Belle of the Fandango.

THE CATAWI3SA RAILROAD.ILLUSTRATIONS.—From the Bluffs at Catawissa—View

at Port Clinton— Coal Shutes hear Tamaqua —View nearQuaquake Junction—Head waters of the Little Schnylkill— Near Stranger's Hollow —Maineville Water-Gap—Viewfrom Mainevillp-Vipw from Catawissa-Town of Cata-wissa— Saw-Mill at Williamsporfc

ROUGH RIDING D,0WN SOUTH.ILLUSTRATIONS — Electioneering in Mississippi — The

Lonely Grave—The Bereaved Negroes—The Woods onFire—The Hurricane—Barrett and the Boar.

MADELEINE SCHAEFFER.GEORGE BANCROFT.MISTRESS AND MAID. A HOUSEHOLD STORY. By Miss

MULOCK.

BURR'S CONSPHIACY.ORLEY FARM. By ANTHONT TROLLOPH. Illustrated bv J

E. MILLAIS. J '

CHAPTER LIII — Lady Mason returns Home.CHAPTER LJV — Telling all that happened beneath the

Lamp Post.CHAPTER LV — What took Plac« in Harley Street.CHAPTKR LVI—HOW Sir Peregrine did Business with

Mr. Round.ILLUSTRATIONS —Lady Mason going before the Magis-

trates—Sir Peregrine and Mr. Round.CONCERNING J.AUGHTER.FAILING LOVE.THE ADVENTURES OF PHILIP. By W. M. THABZEEAT.

CHAPTER XXXV—Res Augusta Domi.CHAPTBR XXXVI—In which Philip wears a Wig.ILLUSTRATIONS—Res Augusta Domi —Pater familias—

Mater familias.MONTHLY RECORD OF CURRENT EVENTS.LITERARY NOTICES.EDITOR'S TABLE.EDITOR'S EASY CHAIR.EDITOR'S FOREIGN BUREAU.EDITORS DRAWER.

ILLUSTRATIONS — Hentz's Lips — Push's Tavern — TheDisconsolates—A Deviation — After Supper—It's noConsequence.

FASHIONS FOR JUNE.ILLUSTRATIONS — Bridal Toilet—Undress. Costume.

The Twenty-Fifth Volume of HARPER'S NEW MONTHLY MAGA-ZINE is commenced with the present Number, which containsarticles byJAMES WTNME,ANTHONT TROLLOPE,W. M. THACKERAT,N. G. SHEPHERD,SAMUEL I. PRIME,HARRIET E. PRESCOTT,CHARLES NORDHOFF,DINAH MARIA MULOCK,

DONALD G. MITCHELL,H. D. MEARS,BENSON J. LOSSING,ALFRED H. GUERNSET,GHORGE WM. CURTIB,J. H. H. CLAIBOKNE,J. Ross BROWNE,T. S. ARTHUR,

JOSEPH ALDBN.These are illustrated from Original Drawings by VOIOTSTEPHENS, PERKINS, MILLAIS, MOLBNAN, JEWETT GOATER'CHAPIN, and CARROLL. ' '

The Table of Contents and List of Dllustrations of the last

and Maid," by DINAH MARIA MCLOGK —each Number has con-tained Tales, Sketches, and Poems carefully selected from theimmense number, furnished by American Contributors. Whilethus giving due prominence to the department of Fiction, carehas been taken to supply papers of permanent historical andscientific value.

The various Editorial Departments comprise Essays andNotes upon the current topics of the day, at home and abroadwith Adecdotea and Facetiae furnished by hundreds of volun-tary contributors in every section of the country. The"Monthly Record of Current Events" presents a connectedhistory of the leadipg events of the month. In the last Volumeevery important incident of the war, from the sailing of thePort Royal Expedition to the victory at Pittsburg Landing isrecorded; with a copious Index, which will enable the reader torefer at once to each.

As an Illustrated Magazine, HAKPERTS NEW MONTHLT has norival. Whenever it is possible for the Artist to aid the Writer,his services have been called into requisition. The expense forillustrations-alone exceeds the entire cost of the literary andartistic matter of any other similar periodical. All the distinc-tive features which have heretofore characterized the Magazinewill be retained; and the Publishers have already made engage-ments which warrant them in promising that the Twenty-FifthVolume, which is commenced with the present Number, shallbe in every respect fully equal to any which have preceded it.

The Publishers of HARPER'S MAGAZINE, aware of its perma-nent value, have electrotyped every page. They can, th erefore,supply any Number from the beginning upon the followingterms:

Any Number will be sent by mail, post-paid, for Twenty-fiveCents. Any Volume, comprising Six Numbers, neatly boundin Cloth, will be sent by Mail, to any part of the United Stateswithin 3,000.miles of New York, postpaid, for Two Dollars perVolume. Complete Sets will be sent by Express, the freight atthe charge-of the purchaser, at a discount of twenty-five percent, fromthe above rate. Twenty-Four Volumes, bound uni-formly, extending from June, 1850, to November, 1861, are nowreadjr.

TERMS.One Copy for One Year.. $3.00Two Copies for One Year 508Three or more Copies for One Year (each) .2.00

And an Extra Copy, gratis, for every Club of EIGHT SUB-•--. SORIBERS,

Harper's Magazine alia Harper's Weekly, together, one year,

The DEMAND NOTES of the United States will be received forSubscriptions. Our distant friends are requested to remit themin preference to Bank Notes.

HARPER & BROTHERS, Publisher*.

gOOKS FOETHE following works on Agriculture, Horticulture, &c, may

be obtained at the Office of the RURAL NEW-YORKER. We canalso furnish other books on Rural Affairs, issued by Americanpublishers, at the usual retail prices,—and shall add new worksas published.American Farmer's Ency-

clopedia, $4.00Allen's Am. Farm Book... 1.00-Allen's Diseases of Domes-

tic Animals 0.76Allen's Rural Architecture 1.25Allen on the Grape J.OO'Am. Architect, or Plans for

Country Dwellings 6.00American Florist's Guide. 0.75Barry's Fruit Garden 1.25Blake's Farmer at Home,. 1.25Boussingault'sRuralEconr

omy 1.25Bright on Grape Culture,• 2d edition 60Browne's Bird Fansier 50Browne's Poultry Yard... 1.00Do. Field Book of Manures 1.25Bridgeman's Gard. Ass't.. 1.50Do. Florist's Guide 60Do. Kitchen Gardener's In-

structor 60.Do. Fruit Cult. Manual... 60Breck's Book of Flowers.. 1.00Buist's Flower Garden 1.25Do. Family Kitchen Gard. 75Chemical Field Lectures.. 1.00Chinese Sugar Cane and

Sugar Making 25Chorlton'B Grape Grower's

Guide 50Cobbett's Am. Gardener.. 60Cottage and Farm Bee-

Keeper 50Cole's Am. Fruit Book 50Do. Am. Veterinarian 60Dadd's Modern Horse Doc. 1.00Do. Am. Cattle Doctor.... 1.00Do. Anatomy and Physi-

ology of the Horse 2.00Do. colored plates 4.00Dana's Muck Manual l.OODo. Prize Essay on Manures 25Darlington's Weeds and

Useful Plants 1.50Davy's Devon Herd Book. 1.00Domestic and Ornamental

Poultry 1.00Do. colored plates 2.08Downing's Fruits and Fruit

Trees 1.75Downing's Landscape Gar-

dening 3.50Do. Rural Essays 3.00Eastwood's Cranberry Cul-

ture 50Elliott's West. Fruit BookT1.25Every Lady her own Flow-

er Gardener • 50Family Doctor by Prof. H.

S. Taylor 1-25F a r m Drainage, (H. F.

French) 1.00Fessenden's Farmer and

Gardener 1.25Do. AmfKitchen Garden. 50Field's Pear Culture 1.00Fish Culture 1.00Flint on Grasses 1.25Guenon on Milch Cows... 60Herbert to Horse-Keepers 1.25Hooper's Dog & Gun, paper 25Do. do. cloth 50Hough's Farm Record..-. 3.00Hyde's Chinese Sugar Cane 28Kidder's Guide to Apiarian

Science, , 50 1

Phin's new work

Johnston's AgriculturalChemistry 1.26

Do. Elements of Ag. Chem-istoy and Geology....... 1.00

Do. Catechism of Chemistryfor Schools 25

Langstroth on the Hive and'Honey Bee 1.26

Leuchars Hot Houses 1.26Liebig's Familiar Letters

to Farmers 60Linsley's Morgan Horses. 1.00Manual of Agriculture, by

Emerson & Flint, 76Miner'sBee-keeper'BManuall.00Miles on the Horse's Foot. 50MilburnonCow...... 25Modern Cookery by Miss

Acton and Mrs. S. J Hale 1.26Mrs. Abel's Skillful House-

wife and Ladies' Guide. 60Munn's Land Drainer 50Nash's Progressive Farmer 60Neill's Gard. Companion. 1.00Norton's Elements of Agri-

culture 60Olcott's Sorgho & Imphee 1.00Pardee on the Strawberry 60Pedder's Land Measurer.. 60Persoz's New Culture of the

Vine 25Phelps' Bee-keeper's Chart 25Quinby's Mysteries of Bee-

keeping 1.00Quincy on Soiling Cattle. 50Rabbit Fancier 50Randall's Sheep Husbandryl.28Richardson on the Horse 25Richardson on the Pests of

the Farm 35Do. Domestic Fowls 25Do. on the Hog 25Do. on the Honey Bee 25Do. on the Dog 25Reemelin's Vine-dressers

Manual 60Saxton's Rural Hand Books,

bound in 4Series...each, 1.26Shepherd's Own Book 2.00Stray Leavesfromthe Book

of Nature 1.00Stephens' Book of the Farm

2 vols 4.00Skillful Housewife, 25Skinner's Elements of Ag-

riculture 26Smith's Landscape Gar-

dening. 1.26Thaer's Principles of Agri-

culture 2.00Thomas' Farm Implements 1.00Thompson's Food of Ani-

mals 78The Rose Guitarist 60Topham's Chemistry Made

Easy 26Turner's Cotton Planter's

Manual 1.00Warder's Hedges and Ever-

greens 1.00Wiring's Elements of Ag-

riculture 75Weeks on Bees 25WilsononFlax 25Youatt& Martin on Cattle .1.25Youatt on the Horse 1.26Do. on Sheep 75Do. on the Hog 75

on Open Air Grape Culture, price only $1.

I3P~ Any of the above named works will be forwarded bymail, post-paid, on receipt of the price specified.

Address D. D. T. MOORE, Rochester, N. Y.

A G E N T S • W A N T E D —To introduce the LITTLEA- GIANT SEWING MACHINE-price only $15. Hemmer,Gauge, Screw-driver, and extra needles. Will give a liberal sal-ary or large commission. A few counties in New York, Ohio,Pennsylvania, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Iowato be supplied. Address soon, with stamp, for terms,

641-4t T. S. PAGE, General Agent, Toledo, Ohio.

BEST TILE MACHINE.

SMITH & WIXTEGAR'S PATENT,WITH LA TOUREETTE'S IMPK0VT3MENTS.

THE above engraving represents a Drain Tile Machine whichhas been used for years, and, with its recent improvements isundoubtedly th« best and most durable Tile Machine In Aineri-?<*• - ^ f ^ T i * - - 6 w h o l e , I a b 2 r o f grinding the clay, screen-ing it to free itfrom gravel, and presses I t i n t i l e at fee sameoperation, and may Jbe propelled by either water, steam orhorse-power. I t makes all sizes and shapes'of tile and pipefrom IK to 12 »nehes( and molds HTO rods of 2 ihchti le per hourIne machine is simple in construction, durable, (being made ofiron,) and not liable to get out of order. In the great essentialsof SIMPLICITT CAPAOITT and DURABILITT it Afls no eoual. Itwas awarded the First Premium at the Ohio State Fair in 1860which award was approved by a special committee of practicaltile makers appointed by the State Board of Agriculture a f thespecial request of interested parties, who were dissatisfied withthe decision of the first committee.

For further particulars, or illustrated circular, addressA. :LA TOUKBETTE, Jr . , Agent,

64* Waterloo, Seneca Co. S ' t

QOWING &s GO'SPORTABLE

Green House Engfine.

Frrioo, OnlyTHB above engraving shows our new improved Green House

Engine which is SUPERIOR to anything now in the market. TheEngine, is set in a large sized Galvanized Iron Pail with a stepprojecting to hold it steady while working.

Our new portable Green House Engine is a most invaluablearticle, andis the most complete and perfect hand apparatusever invented for throwing water. : 43$

The variety of uses for which it may be used are numerousIt will wash your Windows and Carriages; it will water yourGardens, sprinkle Streets in frontof private residences; it willthrow Liquid Composition, such a Whale Oil, Soap Suds, To-bacco Water, &c, for destroying Insects on Trees, Roses, andother plants; wetting Sails, washing Decks. Also for Invalidsit is a most valuable Spray or Shower Bath.

For Extinguishing Fires, and Wetting Roofs near Fires,Cowing & Co's. Portable Green House Engine is better adaptedthan any other apparatus yet introduced. It is so portable.thatit can be used where no other article could be brought to bear.

Orders respectfully solicited, either by the dozen or single.Address all letters to COWING Ai CO., Manufacturers, SENECAFALLS, N. Y., who- also manufacture every style of Lift andForce Pumps, Hydraulic Rams and Farm Bells. 645

(JPEN AIB GRAPE CULTURE.A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON THE

Garden & Vineyard Culture of the Vine,AND THE,

MAWUFACTUEB OP DOMESTIC "WINE.Designed for the use of Amateurs-and others in the Northern

and Middle States. Profusely Illustrated with new-Engravingsfrom carefully executed Designs, verified by direct practice.

B Y J O H N P H I N ,Author of "Essay on Open Air Gzape Culture," to whioh was

awarded the First Premium of the American Institute.To which is added a selection of Examples of American Vine-

yard Practice.and a carefullyi prepared description of the cele-brated THOMERT STSTBM OF GRAPE .CULTURE. Price $1.00 —Sent free of postage upon receip&of price. >

Address C. M. SAXTON,644-2t Agricultural Book Publisher, New York.

Made by Wycoff's Patent Boring Machine.Banded and' Tested, and1 Warranted to bear any required

head of Water. The Cheapest and Best in use for-Carrying Water to Railroad Tanks; for Distilleries..Breweries, Steam Pipes; for Chain Pump Tubing;

for Carrying Water from Springs to Dry Fieldsand: Farm Buildings, and for Water

Courses of every description.

THIS pipe is made-of pine-timber, in sections 8 feet long, con-nected by a socket or square shoulder joint, perfectly fitted bymachinery, so as to.be water tight. The size of the timber de-pends upon the size of the bore. The smaller the timber themore perfectly it becomes saturated, which is the chief causeof its wonderful durability.

The most common size for ordinary use is 1% inch fcore.This is usually made of scantling 3% inches square, which issufficiently strong to bear any reasonable head. We can fur-nish any amount of testimonials and references as to its prac-tical value> but will simply give a few, as foil'sws:

I haye in use between two and three thousand feet, and con-sider itthe cheapest form of aqueduct that has been introducedto the public, both for capacity and efficiency. If well laid, Ithink it quite-as-durable as iron or lead, T. C. PETERS.

Darien, N. YI am entirely satisfied with th'e working of the wooden water

pipe, and cheerfully recommend it to any one desiring a good,cheap water course, which is durable, easily laid down, and willdeliver the water at the lower end just as clear and pure as it isat the fountain. LEVI BLAKESLEE.

Paris, N. Y. - ^ ^I am satisfied that it is. the cheapest, best, and most durable

water pipe in use. I. H. SUTHERLAND.Pittsford, N. Y.I then put on the entire power of the wheel, which! I am sat-

isfied was equal to a head of water of more than three hundredfeet on the pipe, and let it run all Bight, without bursting.

Elmira, September 3d, 1859. ANSON ,C. ELY.There is another advantage besides cheapness in wooden

pipes. It is the ease with which they are,taj>ped whenever andwherever a branch is to be taken off, and they are easily re-paired. We hope that not only villages, but farmers, wherevera spring exists about the homestead, wili avail themselves of itsbenefits. In case of the sale of the farm it would pay ten timesits cost, and it would be worth still more to the owner, as itwould pay its cost every year.—New York Tribune.

We have in our office a piece of wooden pipe, which is said tohave been in use 42 years. So perfect is the preservation of thepiece that the splintery roughness prodnced by the saw whenit was made, remains entirely undisturbed. It is really a curi-osity of great interest. The evidence which it gives of the valueof wooden water pipe cannot be disputed.—Mmira Advertiser.

THIS pipe is regarded, wherever it has been used, as the bestthat can be made for the purpose. It is. cheap, durable, andnot liable to get out of order. Wood is the most pure andwholesome material which can be used to convey water, andin this respect this pipe is entirely free from objection. Itis now only about six years since its first introduction, as madeby machinery, and it is rapidly taking the place of all otherkinds.

The following is a list of prices for ordinary pipe, banded andtested, and warranted perfect. If the pipe is to be submitted toan extraordinary pressure, the price will vary according to cir-cumstances ; and for this .purpose, all orders should state thenumber of feet head under which the pipe is to be used:

V>& inch bore, Z% inches square, 4 cents per foot.2 " " i% " •« ' e • «IX " " 5 " « 8 "8 " " 6 " " io " •<

Larger sizes, up to 14 inches, can be furnised to order.Great care will be taken to use none but the best material,

and the price is so low as to admit of no discount. The termsare cash on delivery at the Factory.

The factory is located at Tonawanda, Erie County, N. Y., butall inquiries, orders and remittances should be directed to theundersigned, at No. 1C9 Arcade, Rochester, N. Y.

Rochester, N. Y., May, 1862. I. S. HOBBIE.P. S.—The small size, (US'inch bore, &i inches square, with-

out banding and testing,) is the best tubini? in use for chainpumps, which we sell at wholesale at 3>£ cents per foot, and canbe found at most hardware stores at retail at fivs to six centsper foot. y I. S. H.

JMPORTANT TO FARMERSOF

NEW YORK AND NEW ENGLAND.

We direct your particular attention to

RHODES' SUPER PHOSPHATE,THE STANDARD MABTUBE,

FOR

SOLUBLE PHOSPHORIC ACID,INDISPENSABLB FOR

Every Description of Crops.(Price to Farmers $45,00 per tun 2,000 fts., cash, in New York

or Boston.)

"KHODES1" the long-established and well known

ME A.'1ST U J R E

in the American market, (flu large demand for Cotton cultureheretofore consuming our entire product,) is manufactured underthe immediate supervision of the regularly educated Chemists,ROBERT B POTTS and FREDERICK KLETT, the SulphuricAcid being produced upon a large scale at the Works, Camden,New Jersey.

Rhodes' IWEaniireIs sold under a legal guarantee as being a Standard SuperPhoiphate. ,.

Prof. S. W. JOHNSON, of the Yale Analytic School andChemist to the Connecticut State Agricultural Society, says:—"RHODES' Super Phosphate is of uniform composition, and isthe only real Super Phosphate I Mbe met vrith."

Dr. EVAN PUGH, President of Pennsylvania Farm School,in his Report upon artificial manures, through the " CountryGentleman,". "American Agriculturist," "Genesee Farmer,"and "New York Observer," March, 1862, says:—" RHODES' is thecheapest American Super Phosphate, and if Mr. RHODES willsell under legal guarantee an article containing 14 or 16 percent of an hydrous Phosphoric Acid in combination solublein water,.(with ten minutes boiling,),his Manure would deservean unqualified recommendation as one of the best Super Phos-phates manufactured anywhere in the world, and very muchbetter than any manufactured in this country."

The following report of analyBes.of one thousand (1000) tunsRHODBS'Manure, made by Dr. G. A LIEBIG, shows even higherresults than Dr. POOH requires: " ; '

BALTIMORE, February 28, 1862.Messrs. B. M. RHODES & CO.,

GE»TS. . - - I have analysed the two samples of RHODES'MANURE, which were averaged from a lot of one thousand(1000) tuns at the works, and sent me by Messrs. POTTS & KLETT.

Sample No. 1 contains of Phosphoric Acid, soluble in water,16.84 per cent, equal to 27 76 of Bi-Phogphate of Lime.

Sample No. 2 contains 16;44 per cent, which is equal to 27.10of Bi-Phosphate of Lime.

Both of these samples come fully up to the standard of yourSuperphosphate. Very Respectfully,

G. A. LIEBIG, Ph. D.

RHODES' IS THE MOST CONCENTRATED MANURE OFFEREDIN THE MARKET, REQUIRING LESS PEB ACRE TO PRODUCE ACROP, BEIITO A PERMANENT IMPROVER OF THE LAND. ThiS,PO-

OIKECTIONS FOR USING

RHODES' SUPER PHOSPHATE.An application of 100 to 200 fts. per acre of this Standard Ma-

nure, will furnish sufficient soluble Phosphoric Acid (the indis-pensable nutriment of plants) for any crop.

RHODES' MANURE being prepared for immediate applica-tion, can be used either broadcast, or in the hill or drill,—in noinstance to be plowed under.

When agriculturists learn the true value of this standard Ma-nure, they will not suffer themselves to be without a supply, asin case of re-planting or backward growth, this Manure, appliedas top-dressing, produces speedy growth. This Manure.doeswot fire.

Agriculturists and dealers can procure supplies ofB. M. RHODES & CO., ,

Office and Warehouse, 82 South Street,'.Bowly's Wharf, Baltimore, Md..

ALSO OFH E N R Y E . M O R I N G ,

General Agent for New York and. New England, ;97 Pearl Street, near Hanover Square,

6«1 NEW YORK. [4t

"tO OOO .-A-GK32VTS W A J V T E D -- L ^ ' V y y / * " ' competent men, of good standing incommunity, Justices of the Peace,. Notaries Public,lcny b^i?™u,«.™, i , ,™Mra U | UU.K jrc»i;e, nouines rxiDiic, any busi-ness man, wiU find a chance to. make money, with little laborand TO capital, by addressing the subscriber at Lyons, N. Y orWashington, D. C. Send postage stamp for reply. B'™-X:or

W±i{' . WM. VAN MARTER.

Bf A N PLAJVTER-l'atBiited 188©.-We manufacture the cheapest and best Bean Planter i a

use. Worked by on« Horse—plants two rows at a time, arid in

Brockport, Monroe Co'., N. Y.

ATANSEMOND S W E E T POTATO PliANTSV1 \ as in years past-a superior article, adapted to Northernplanting-at $2 a 1,000 ; 5,000, $9; 10,000, | l 5 -m May and JutieOur plants tor many years have given .gtood satisfaction in theNorthern States, growing good crops 44 deg. N. Send stamp,for Circular.! c.-B. MURRAY, *

Foster's Crossings, Warren Co., Ohio.

gTRAWBERRY_FLANTS FOR SALE.I HAVE a supply of Wilson's Albany, Hooker's geedltoo,

and Longworth'a Prolific Strawberry Plants, which I willsell at : '

T H R E E D O L L A R S P E R THOUSAND, .

Packed and delivered at the cars or express offices. Theseplants are grown by myself, are well-rooted, and. will comparewell with any plants anywhere, I have also a large supply ofthe different varieties of Raspberries, Blackberries, «o«*e-terries and Currants, which will be sold cheap. Address

642-4t CEO. B. DAVIS, Box 3014, Chicago, 111.

ONE OP THE BEST PABMSIJV WBSTJBRJY JVEW YORK.

The- Subscribers, assignees of GEO.' BROWN, offer for sals-

-A. :F.A.:R,:M: O F SOS A C R E S LAll the buildings on said farm are of modern style, and in tip-top order—the barn alone costing over $3,600. Saul FarmJwis

IN THE TOWN OF PHELPS, ONTMHO CQj,

Twp a»d a half miles south-west of Oaks'Corners • hae^beenunder a well-directed system of improvement for several years,and is. thoroughly underdrained. The desiraMenesstif*loca^tion, convenience and durability of buildings, auality of soilhigh state of cultivation, all combine to niake it ^ ^ •

ONE OF THE MOST DESIRABLEE ARSfS

Ever offered for sale. Said Farm will be sold at a, bargainPossession given at any time. A part of tfe». purchsS) moneycan remain on the Farm. Also, with or without the^farm,

350 Well-bred Spanish Merino Sheep an& Lambs,Which, for quality, quantity and evennsss of fleeee, can't b»

W M l JOHNSON or GEORGE C. MOORE1

of G*a!eva».N Yv,

SELL'S

COMBINED MOWER ANB REAPER.Not a Cog in the Machine!

—, V%_T"" - —— -•* «*<u JJIWUIHU v i c u i a , TTiifju XC&Su DOSSlblft fine*taon. PERFECT IN ITS WORK, and most simple antt durable inits construction.

The Lightest DraftMower and Reaper in the World. 13"-Sena for circulars.Manufactured by RUSSELL & TREMAIN,

641-13t Manlius, N. T.

T-A.MK8 T E R R Y &; CO.,^ DEALERS IN

STOVES, FTTBNACES, COAL GRATES,Silver Plated Ware, Pocket and Table Cutlery and House Fur-nishing Hardware of every description. ; **

ALSO,Manufacturers of KEDZIE'S WATER FILTERS, Refrigerators,and Thermometers, and dealer in Tip. Copper Zinc S h t I&c, &c, 69 & 61 State Street, Rochester; N V

QBOCEEIES, PEOVISIONS, SEEDS, FRUITS, Sec.l^L. J . 3 y E O 2 S r H O E ,

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL ;

GROCER AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,&O Buffalo Street , Roches te r , IS". X .

ALSO, Dealer in Clover and Timothy Seed, Seed Potatoes,reen and Dried Fruits &c egs-P Wi d Liuow,

[6*0

ALSO, Dealer in Clover an o h y Seed, SeedGreen and Dried, Fruits, &c e g s - P u r e Wines andand .Rectified Whisky, for Medicinal purposes.

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection

for Moore's Rural New-Yorker.;]'?

T H E W O U N D E D V O L U N T E E B .

WHERE broad Potomac's waters lave,And freedom's starry banners wave,Beside the patriot-herpj&grav?,trpWa rising spot of ground,Where willow (roes stood vexing round,A wounded volunteer was found.

\ ^ y^ t IStefere jjjhy fl&tood,Just in the shadow of tEe wood,A soldier, but of rebel bldOd.To turn the wounded patriot tries*.

' w4th feeble voice Arid stifled'signs; '••" Oh, welcome, welcome death,"

The soldier, kneeling, drops a tear,Snpport&his head andicalins his feat, £While unseen spirits.Jjpver, neaiyAnd angel smiles the|y gave tcrsee

. Such kindly lave and charity. ,; StiUgaae they, not unwillingly; i

" Oh, (pve me drink," the-wounded eri«s,As on his^oe he turns his eyes,With pleading look of glad surprise.Down where the.meadow grass is gne^a,.

'•'And a lineof silver light is seen, : '•"The soldier fills his Jight canteen;And backward now, with Hastening speed,Af£end,inwQr4,aifriendindeed; i '••;Of. praise,' he gains the highest' meed.

The cup is drained. '< Foil well you knowIn the late strife I was your foe—Lk^rimiiy no ftirihergo."'

"'Thanks, -brother,'thanks, the past is past;My sands of life are running fast; ;

BaCh labored breath nay be my last.Alas? not when or where we please;To some, oh downy beds of ease—,Where stretch the frozenAretic seas—Death comes.- And not to me alone;The king .calls not his life his own,And we do reap as we have sown.Where' Erie's wavelets break in foam,

' And fleecy snows of whiter come,I have a father, friends, and home.And, comrade, if it e'er shall be ;

That;.you my gray-haired sire shall see,Tell him,to shed no tear for me;That for the cause we reckoned right:I bora me bravely in the fight,.From noon till closed the shades of night;And he who fells in freedom's cause,For native land, his country's laws,Is worthy of the best applause." '

A moment swells his breast with pride,The tearful watchers upward glide,And in the rebel's arms—-"be died!

Walworth, Wis., 1862.' ',' . MARK,

[Written for Moore's Rural New-Yorker ]

THE CHILD-WIFE.• BY F. H. STAUPFEB.

; I WAS standing by the open1 window. It was notqtftte twilight, and a cool breeze was sweepingover the lawn.. Five years before, I had stood bythat same window,' looking out upon the samescenery, and enjoying a similar delightful revery.True, we view was slightly changed. At the anglein the road beyond, <aineat little church reared itshead, while front the stream below came up thebusy clatter of a mill, improvement had done thatThe barn looked dilapidated; a few of the doorshung upon one hinge, and the- thatch was of? theroof in some places; the old elms still stood by thegate at the yard, but they leaned wearily towardeach other, and a few dead branches threw up theirseared arms among those • of deepening green.D e e a y h a d . d o n e t h a t •••<•>•- i / ! •

And those self-same reveries! Five years before,as I have said, I stood with beating heart besidethat open window. My cheek was flushed, and abright ljght shone in my eyes. . It was the light ofmy early love. '

JOHN L—— had asked mej in his usual quiet way,to become his wife, and when we parted that everning at the door, we #ere betrothed. Well, strangeto rsay, a few shoe* . weeks brought a coldness"between us. "We rarely met, and then simply asMends; -We shut ourlove up in our souls; we laidit aWay like some hdly memory. Ea'ch'dou"bted theother's trjith, and,neither woujfl make advancestoward a reconciliation.

We at last became wholly estranged. For fivelong years we talked in different paths throughlife—cold, circumspect, misanthj^OEicr and neverhappy. It was the. old. sforyv Others had inter-fered; falsehood and treachery became the tools ofenvy and revenge, and found wiliingfears'.

But all was right again.::.. The confessions of An-other had. br^ughit it^abou^ We were reconciled,and were ito be, married. I was more of a womanas I stood by^the w-indow- now. My love for JOHNwas just "as. wild and absorbing, but it was alsodeeper and stronger, coupled with judgment, andmorebeaatifaFto meMter.years of p'atient waiting.

I was not thinking wholly of my own wedding.TKa i evening^ my brother was to bring home Msyoting wife/and I was watching for the stage tocome, round the great bend in. the f pad, AMOS hadwon his bride iniClonnecticut, and I had never seenher. My idea of her appearance and temperamentwas educed from occasional descriptions he hadgiven me of her in his letters.

Before a great while I was chatting gaily with thenewly married pair- AMOS', wife was a dear, sweetgirl, but I knew at once that she was not the wifefor him. She was too quiet -and obildlik^. I^imia-utive inform, with spiff,, eyes, sunny hair, and ajfrac&l expression of countenance, she seemed morelikeialiaffrSghiened dove' She was^i^e fepp^itedove.' Sheof AMOS in everything. - Perhaps I should not havesaid that, as there, was considerable similarity intheirintellectual tastes. But AMOS was so sterij,rigid, moody, passionate. He was jealous andexacting; imperative in his commands, and instan-taneously to be obeyed.. These traits, singular as itmay /seem, he had inherited from his mother. I wasmore like my father, good-natured, affectionate, andyet a little proud, I c do 'confess. True'j 1 had soft-ened AMOS^ disposition'considerably, but. still itwas not one io^e mated with one 'so gentle asMINNIE'S.

. They lived- a year in the old manse, and I watchedthem narrowly. AMOS seemed happy,in his!newirelationship; fully as happy as I believed him capa-ble of being. MINNIH wasso docile, so cringing, soobedient. She yielded to every command, to everywhim, even studying to conceive the strange pathof duty his imperativeness marked out for her.

The little child-wife was not happy. She hadmet with a disappointment A great sorrow wasBlowly creeping up into her soul. And yet she did

not murmur nor rebel. There seemed to be noenergy, no will,, no positiveness about her.

She came to me one evening, and sat down at myeet I was sittirfg-on a low ottoman, working asmoking cap, which I intended as a present torJOHN. I laid aside my work, and drew her headnto my lap. A little while before, in passing the

parlor, I had observed her sitting beside AMOS. Hewas reading, and seemed indifferent to her presence,carcely conscious that, a pair of spffc white arms;

were entwined around his neck. He liad, no 4o^bt, jthoughtlessly fepulsed her. As I looked down into;her saddened face, I was sure of this. Her \%Jwere compressed, and there were tears in h^r eyes.

" You seem' unhappy, MINNIE," I said." I am unhappy, JANE. YOU must know it sooner

or later; Oh! why did AMOS marry me if he' did;not love'me?" :

fHe does love you, child." I often called; herchild, she was sp much like one. He loves you asjmuch as he can love anybody. He may not expresst in the manner you desire."

"Or for which, my heart yearns,' JANE. This is-what is killing me. He is so cold, so stern, sorushing^ Efe-is-always the same'ihing. "He-never3oftens toward me."

"Isho pot kind to you, MINMH?" . .v , ;"Yes, Fmust say he is,—gentle, after his way.

But thasfr-ie^not -what I mean. He does not enterinto my little dreamings; he does not appreciate thewealth of love in my soul. There is lit$e impressi-bility about him, and less comprehensiom He does

not seem to tois^io-WMlessiaadj me. He is an ice-berg, glitfcmng, brilliantly yet coldly, in the sun!"

iNN^B/Wept bitterly. Itried my best to sootheher. Ifelt deeply for ttteiyand my words, to a cer-tain degree, made her calm. I spoke to AMOSabout the matter. HtfJBmiled vaguely, and put mequietly aside, just as he.$ad MINNIE.

AMOS was one evsflfcgptittingup a shelf for me inhe pantry. liwas/Aot quite dark. He had sawed

the shelf out of a board, and was resting himself onthe door-step. Juat tli«n MINNIE came up. She hadbeen down in the gar'fl.ei and was holding a bouquetn her handy; The 'flowers were .very tastefully

arranged. >See, AMOW' she said, with something of the old

ove in her eyes. '^ Are' they not;toeautiful ? I havegathered them expressly for you."

She placed the flowers to hi« nose as she spoke,while her other arm half encircled his neck.

"Just look, Jane!" she added, Ijaughing. "Hisnose is all yellow Mtn the pollen; ^JJgji't it makehim look comical? Let me wipe it off, AMOS."

" Go away? MINNIE," he said, pettishly. " I wishyou wouldnTJjact so childish."

She straiglitened lierself'up iml moved back aew steps. Her eyes were filling with tears, and

her voice trembled, as she said—"Don't you want the flowers, AMOS?""No, I don't. I want you to go away."The cup of her bitterness was full. I almost

startled as I noticed the strange fire in her eyes. Iwould not have thought that they could look so.Her face was very white, and her lips ashy andcompressed. There was much of firmness in herstep as Bhe passed into the sitting room.

" AMOS, you are a brute!" I said-, angrily." You have certainly reason to be proud of your

relatives, then! JANE, you can go away too.*'His passion was up. I w.alked away, half-sorrow-

ul and half-frightened. I knew that some greatsorrow was coming.

MlNNiE Was not down to breakfast the next morn-ng,, AMOS sent, me up to her room. She was not

there. On the table lay the following laconic note:

"AMOS:— YOU saifl I should go away. Well, Ihave gone'. ' , "MINNIE."

I handed AMOS the note. He turned very palewhen he read it. His lips twitched nervously, andhe looked into my face in anxious inquiry. Therewas little sympathy these, and I had no informationto. give him.

AMOS left no means untried to discover her place ofretreat. He spent weeks in search and inquiry, butall in vain; The strong man was bowed. He oftencame to me to talk of MINNIE, his lost wife, and toweep. His books were neglected. He grew quietand yielding. He would stand at the window andgaze out vacantly upon the lawn for hours; andsometimes throughout a whole night I could hearhim walking up and down in his room overhead.He saw his error, and was but learning how very,very dear the little child-wife had been to him. Heregretted his coldness; he was unsparing in his self-criminations; he made strong promises in referenceto the future.

Months passed on, and yet nothing was heard ofMINNIE. Perhaps she was suffering want and pri-vation—nothing but her love and her strong faithpreventing her from turning aside into the path ofdegradation and shame.

It was in the autumn, and AMOS and I werestanding in the orchard. My wedding with JOHN

—- was to come off on the evening following,and the fact brought strongly to AMOS the memoryof his own. He was leaning against a tree, weep-ing like a very child. Indeed, he lately had becomelike a Child—so passive.

" Oh! JANE ! " I wish I were dead!" he cried."Oh! my poor, lost MINNIE! Oh! how bitter thispunishment for my folly! I wish you could lookinto my heart now! Oh, MINNIE! come to me!"

There was a rustling among the leaves. A dimin-utive figure, ghost-like in its whiteness, glided fromamong the trees.

It was MINNIE! She knelt at the feet of her hus-band, and said—

"AMOS! you said I shovJd come. Well, I havecome/":

Almost the same words used in her letter ofdeparture, but much sweeter in their significance toAMOS.

\ A moment afterward, AMOS had her in his arms.My heart was full of pleasurable emotions, and Ivery sensibly walked down through the orohard...How. beautiful MINNIE looked on my wedding

eye,! Theold light was in her eyes. AMOS seemedto be proud to have her leaning so confidingly onhis arm. I have been married three years now. Ihave been very hapny in my wedded love, but notmore so than the little child-wife, since the timethat she came back to AMOS in the orchard!

How sweet are the affections of kindness, howbalmy the influence of that regard which dwellsaround our fireside. Distrust and doubt darken notthe luster of its purity, the cravings of interest andjealousy mar not the harmony of that scene. Pater-nal kjadness and filial affection blossom there in allthe freshness of eternal spring. It matters not ifthe world is cold, if we can but turn to our owndear circle, and receive all that our heart claims.

THE CITY OF THE SAINTS, and Across the Rocky Mountains toCalifornia. By RICHARD F. BURTON, author of "The LakeRegions of Central Africa," etc. With Illustrations. [8vo.pp. 584.] New York: Harper & Brothers—1862.IN tjhe volume thus entitled we have an elaborate aftcount of

the Holy City of the Mormons, or " Latter-Day Saints,"together with the experiences of the'author — an Englishtraveler of some note—in a journey to and through Utah, andon to California. The tour was made in 1860, and a diary waskept by the author, who avers that the notes forming the.gr.ound-wOrk of the volume were written on patent improved'metallic pocket-books in sight of the objects which attractedhis attention. The work is both entertaining and instructive.The narrative is interesting^ and many of the sights andscenes described somewhat amusing. But tlie work is a.valuable one, also, for it presents many facts of interest, andwhich may be read with profit by all .desiring informationconcerning the Mormons, their customs, and location. Itenters largely into details, giving particulars relative to manyiniportant matters—such as statistics of emigration, missions)agriculture, &c, with descriptive geography, ethnology, &c,of the country. The author gives full accounts of Mormonworship and the Book of Mormon; also of Great Salt LakeCity and region, and the routes to it, with various plans,engravings,' etc. As a whole, the work comprises th« mostcomplete history of the Mormons, their location and opera-tions, down to a comparatively recent period, that can beobtained, and hence must prove of interest' and value to allwho seek information thereupon. It favors rather thanopposes the Mormons, and the author's opinions are probablyof far less value than his figures and statements of facts. Butit should be remembered1 that the great mass of Mormons are" British English," and being our author's countrymen, hewould be disposed to look upon their hallucination in as favor-able a light as possible. The book is sold b.y STEELE & AYERY.

INCIDENTS OF TRAVEL IS THE SOUTHERN STATES AND CUBA.With a Description of the Mammoth Cave. " A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles." [16mo.—pp. 820.] New York:D. Craighead.

THE author has favored us with a handsome volume entitledas above. The contents of the work (as stated in its modestlyexpressed introductory,) consist of portions of private letterswritten by the author to his family during a few months spentin Cuba and the Southern States—now published, at the solici-tation of friends, m book form, but only for gratuitous distri-bution among the writer's friends and acquaintances. Thevolume is sufficiently spiced with incidents to render it quiteentertaining, and withal comprises not a little valuable inform-ation concerning the South, its people, &c, imparted in apleasant epistolary style — aWogether too good a book forprivate and limited circulation. The volume is from the penof a Western New-Yorker— -CARLTON H. ROGERS, Esq., ofPalmyra,— known to many of our readers as a gentleman ofrefined taste and appreciative observation.

JOURNAL OF ALFRED ELY, a Prisoner of War in Richmond.Edited by CHARLES LANMXN. [8mo.— pp. 359. ] New York:D. Appleton & Co.

HON. ALFRED ELY, Mi C , of this city, was taken prisonerby the rebels at the Battle of " Bull Run," on the 20th of Julylast, conveyed to Richmond, and confined among the prisonersof war for five months. The volume before us gives thehistory pf Mr. ELY'S capture, what he saw and heard while inRebeldom, and a list of the Union officers and soldiers im-prisoned in the Southern States up to the time of his release.The narrative contains many interesting statements, includingsome descriptions of prison scenes which are truly amusing.As a portion of the history of the rebellion, the work mustprove of permanent interest and value. It will be .eagerly andWidely read, especially by the numerous frirnds of Mr. ELYand his fellow prisoners. A capital portrait oi Mr. ELYprefaces the volume. Sold by E. DARROW & BROTHER.

THE CHILD'S PICTURE BOOK OF THE SAGACITY OF ANIMALS.Illustrated with Sixty Engravings, by HARRISON WEIR.[pp. 276.] New York: Harper & Brothers.COULD we describe the pleasure this beautiful and interest-

ing volume has given the pair-of-stairs of little folks at ourdomicil, the author, artist, and publishers would receive amost appreciative acknowledgment of their efforts to augmentthe happiness and knowledge of juveniles, while many of ourreaders would be induced to place the brochure in the handsof then1 children. It is in all respects a charming book forlittle people—attractive, entertaining, and instructive. STEELE& AVERY have it on sale.

THE FALLEN BRAVE:—A Biographical Memorial of theAmerican Officers who have given their Lives for thePreservation of the Union. Edited by JOHN GILMARY SHEA.With fine Portraits on Steel, by J. A. O'NEILL. New York:Ross & Tousey.

W E have received the first six numbers of this beautifulquarto serial. In the language of its publishers, this memorialof the Victims of the Rebellion " is gotten up expressly tohonor the gallant men who have given then- life's blood forthe cause of Freedom. It will be :all 'that art can make it, inprinting, paper, and illustrations, as well as in the authenticityof the sketches. The portraits are selected by the families asbeing the best likenesses, and are engraved in the best style.No portraits got up for other works will be used in this, andnothing inferior will be admitted." The first number con-tains admirably executed portraits of Major THEO. WINTHROPand Col. E. E. ELLSWORTH, two of the earliest- and bravestvictims of the rebellion. The work is apparently commenda-ble in all respects, and will no doubt attain a wide circulation.For sale in Rochester by ADAMS & DABNEY.

THE REBELLION RECORD: A Diary of Ameridan Events,1860-61. Edited by FRANK MOORE, author of "Diary ofthe American Revolution." In Three Divisions, viz. : —I. Diary of Verified .Occurrenpes. II. Poetry, Anecdotes,and Incidents. III. Documents, etc. New York: G. P.Putnam.

Parts XIV and XV of this invaluable publication have beenreceived. These numbers bring the history of the Rebelliondown to November, 1861. We have often spoken favorablyof the enterprise of both editor and publisher in the produc-tion of this historic treasury, embracing, as it does, not onlyfacts and documents, but all the incidents, anecdotes, humor-isms, and poetical inspirations, which illustrate the existingexciting period in the life of our Nation. To the lover ofhistory, this cannot fail of being a work of great worth, andeach succeeding day renders it of greater value. The numbersbefore us have excellent steel portraits of Major-GeneralHENRY WAGER HALLEOK, Major THEODORE WTNTHROP, GOV.ANDREW, of Massachusetts; and Lieut. W. LOWELL PUTNAM.For sale by D. M. DEWEY.

COMPANION TO THE REBELLION REPORD. Edited by FRANKMOORE. New York: G. P. Putnam.THE " Companion " is intended to form a supplementary

volume to the " Rebellion Record," and will contain suchtransactions and occurrences as were not received in time toobtain their appropriate position in the "Record." The FirstNo. contains twenty Articles, Reports, Speeches, &c, amongthe more important of whichare, BEAUREGARD'S Report of theBattle of Bull Run; Speech of JOHN BBTGHT, M. P., at Roch-dale, England; The United States *nd England—Then* Inter-national Spirit, by I. P. THOMPSON, D. D.; The ConfederateSequestration Act; The Portugese Declaration in the Matterof Privateering; Spanish and H»waiian Proclamations ofNeutrality;, The United States and Prussia, etc., etc. Thepresent issue is embellished with excellent portraits, on steel,of JOSEPH HOLT and CEARLES SUMNER. Those vnho havetaken the " Rebellion Record," cannot do without its "Com-panion." D. M. DEWEY is Agent.

THE WESTMINSTER REVIEW. Republished by Leonard Scott& Co., N«sw York.

THE issue of this Review for April has been received. Elevenarticles are embraced in its "Table of Contents," as follows:The Mythology Of Polynesia; Endowed Schools; German Lifeduring the last Two Centuries; Mrs. Delany; Caesar's Cam-paigns in Gaul; The Life of J. M. W. Turner; The Fathers ofGreek Philosophy; Portraits of my Acquaintances; Franceand Napoleon III; Lord Stanley; Contemporary Literature.

As this Review represents the Radicalism of the BritishEmpire, and the topics discussed are always ably treated, aperusal cannot but prove beneficial and gratifying to theAmerican reader. DEWEY is the Agent.

CONSIDERATIONS ON REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT. ByJOHN STUART MILL, author of " A SyBtem of Logic, Ratloci-native; and Deductive." [8vo.—pp. 864.] New York: Har-per & Brothers.

THIS work is from the pen of one of the noted Englishmasters of political science. It is evidently an able andjudicious treatise, and though woitten with reference mainlyto the English system, that of the American Government isoften referred to with intelligent correctness and discrimina-tion. The work will find many readers and admirers amongstudents of the subject, and scholars and statesmen as well.It may be had of STEELE & AVERY.

TRE LAST OF THE MORTIMERS. A Story in Two Voices. Bythe author of "Margaret Maitland," "The House'on theMoor," "The Days of My Life," "The Laird of Norlaw,'"etc. [16mo.—pp. 373.] New York: Harper & Bros..

THE announcement of another work from the pen of Mrs.OLIPKANT will at once attract the attention of the numerousadmirers of her writings, and secure for the new candidate afavorable reception from the reading public. It is issued ingood style. Sold by STEKLE & AVERY.

THB STRUGGLES OF,BROWN, JONES & ROBINSON, by one ofthe Firm, is the title of No. 220 of HARPER'S "library ofSelect Novels," published m cheap style —an octavo of 136pages. The taking title, and popularity of the author (AN-THONY TROLLOPS, author of "Orley Farm,'7 &C, &c.,) willgive the book many readers. STEELE & AVERY have it.

HARPER'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE.— We have oftencommended this leading American magazine as the best in itssphere. AB an illustrated magazine it is inimitable, andhas no equal in other important' essentials. The contents ofthe June number, and prospectus of the 25th volume com-mencing therewith, are given on preceding page.

GppEY's, LADY'S BOOK, for June, is received. A capitalnumber. GODEY'8 is the magazine for the gender feminine,and hence its exceeding popularity.

W A E W I T .

OUR "MERRY-MAC"—Mac-Clellan.

WHERE Achilles was vulnerable the rebels are

invincible—in their heels.

ROGERS sweetly sings—

"The soul of music slumbers in the SHELL," &C.

The Boston Post wonders if the rebels at NewOrleans thought so while those 25,000 were "played"on their batteries. At all events, they'll allow thatmusic didn't Slumber in that lot of shells.

WHEN Gen. Butler first took command at FortressMonroe, he was stigmatized by the New Orleanspapers as a man of negro extraction, who once fol-lowed the profession of a barber in the CrescentCity. He will now be able to lather his old custom-ers to their heart's content.

POPULAR SOXG IN THE CRESCENT CITY.—"Pica :

yune Butler's come to town!"

THE Evening Post says:—"The reported rebelgunboats at New Orleans, instead of being floatingbatteries, turn out to have been boating flatteries."

For Moore's Rural New-Yorker

M I S C E L L A N E O U S ENTO-MA.

I AM composed of 18 letters.My 7, 4, 9, 3, 5 is a place of business.My 17,16, 15 is a long, slippery fish.My 1, 2, 7,18 is the name of a New York city paper.My 14,15,16, 12, 8 is an instrument for opening veins.My 7, 9, 8,16,10, 7,17,11 is a city in Kentucky, near which a

battle was fought.My 14, 16,16, 5, 6 is to mock.My 4, 12, 13 is a Southern river.

My whole the rebels will hear of before this enigma ispublished.

Vermillion, N. Y., 1862. JAMUS DECKER.nswer in two weeks.

For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.

CHARADE.

MY first has a very bad name,Because it attends on the devil;

My second raised persons to fame,But still is productive of evil.

My whole earnest Christians will doWhen wishing a favor from heaven;

Alas! that the persons are fewWho are thankful for favors that's given.

Cross Creek Village, Pa., 1862. JOHN MORROW.nswer in two weeks.

For Moore's Rural New-Yorker.

A B I T H M E T I C A L P R O B L E M .

A MAN, in turning a one-horse chaise in a ring of a certaindiameter, observed that the outer wneel turned three timeswhile the inner one only turned once and a half. Now,allowing the wheels to be four and a half feet apart and fivefeet in diameter, what is the circumference of the ring de-scribed by the outer wheel?

Union, Broome Co., N. Y., 1862. C. N. S.

nswer in two weeks.

ANSWERB TO ENIGMAS, «ci§ IN No. 643.

Answer to Miscellaneous Enigma:—Ulysses S. Grant.Answer to Charade:—Illustrious.Answer to Mathematical Problem:—Top, 29.88 inches; bot-

tom, 17.928.

To Business IVIen-

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ER, the. leading and largest circulated Agricultural, Businessand Family Newspaper in'America Business Men who wish toreach, at once, TENS or THOUSANDS of the most enterprisingFarmers, Horticulturists, &c, and thousands of Merchants,Mechanics, Manufacturers and Professional Men, throughoutthe loyal States, should give' the RURAL a trial. As the businessseason is at hand, Now is THE TIME for all who wish to adver-tise widely and profitably, to select the best mediums—and thatthe above is first of its class, many prominent Manufacturers,Nurserymen, Seedsmen, Dealers in Agricultural Implements,Machinery, &c., Wholesale Merchants, Educational Institutions,Publishers, Land and Insurance Companies, Agencies, &c, &c,in various parts of the country, can attest

[From the New York Dotty World, Feb. 15, 1862.], MOOSE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER oomes.to us freighted with

its usual amount .of information, valuable, not to farmers' alone,but to all who take an interest in the improvements of t i etimes. For years it has maintained an enviable position as afamily newspaper, and.we are gratified to learn that its pros-pects were never beftef tha* they are at the present f me. Wecommend it to the notice of those of our readers who take aninterest in agricultural and horticultural matters, and, we mayadd, to advertisers who desire to reach the farming communi-ties throughout the country.

[From the New York Daily Times.]MOORE'S RURAL, NEW-YORKER, published at Rochester, has a

very large circulation, especially among the agricultural popu-lation of the Northern, Western, and Middle States, and offers avery excellent medium for advertising to business men of thiscity who desire to reach those sections. It is an able andwell-managed paper, and deserves the suecess it has achieved.

[From the. New York Daily Tribune.]WE don't care what a publisher charges, so that he gives us

the worth of our money. Mr. MOORE charges 36 cents a line,and his circulation makes it cheap advertising. We dont knowthe circulation of the RUKAI NEW-YORKER, but we know thatit pays us to advertise in it.

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Also our Improved Clover Machines are offered to the puMiias possessing all the necessary, requirements for hulling andcleaning clover at one operation in the most perfect manner.

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MOORE'S RURAL NEW-YORKER,THE LARGEST CIRCULATED

AGRICULTURAL, LITERARY AND FAMILY WEEKLY,IS PUBLISHED EVERT SATURDAY,

BY D. D. T. MOORE, ROCHESTER1, N. Y.

Office, Union Buildings, Opposite the Gout House, Buffalo Street

TERMS INTwo DOLLARS A YEAR.—TO Clubs and Agents as follows.—

Three Copies one year, for $6; Six, and one free to club agent,for $10; Ten, and one free, for $15; Fifteen, and one free, for $21;Twenty, and one free, for $26; and any greater number at Bamerate—only $1.28 per copy. Club papers directed to.individualsand sent to as many different Post-Offices as desired. As we pre-pay American postage on papers sent to the British Provinoei,our Canadian agents and friends must add 12% cents per copy tothe club rates of the RURAL. The lowest price of copies sent toEurope, &c, is $2.60—including postage.

K ^ - T H E LEGAL RATE OP POSTAGE ON THE RURAL NEW-YORKER is only 3J£ cents per quarter to any part of this Stat*>(except Monroe county, where it goes fuse,) and 6X cents to anyother State or Territory, if paid quarterly in advance at thepost-office where received.

DIRECT TO ROCHESTER, N. Y —All persons having occasionto address the RURAL NEW-YORKER will please direct to Roch-ester, N. Y, and not, as many do, to New York, Albaay.Buffalo, &c. Money. Letters intended for us are frequeatlrdirected and mailed to the above places. Please note.

Central Library of Rochester and Monroe County · Historic Newspapers Collection