IRRIIRRI’’ss RICE BREEDING RICE BREEDING

PROGRAMPROGRAM

Antonio A. Evangelista

Senior Associate Scientist

Plant Breeding Genetics and Biotechnology

IRRIIRRI’’ss RICE BREEDING RICE BREEDING

PROGRAMPROGRAM

�Irrigated lowland rice breeding

�Hybrid rice breeding

�Rainfed/aerobic rice breeding

�Deep water/submergence rice breeding

�Heat and Cold rice breeding

BREEDING OBJECTIVESBREEDING OBJECTIVES

� High Yield Potential

� Short Growth Duration

� Superior Grain Quality

� Multiple Disease and Insect Resistance

� Nutritional Quality

Donors for various traits are grown in

Hybridization Block

Staggered sown 3 times each

season at 2-weeks interval

IRRI Varieties

Donors used in various programs such as

Irrigated,

Rainfed, Aerobic rice,

Flood prone and

Hybrid rice

Choice of Parents

RICE BREEDING NURSERIES RICE BREEDING NURSERIES

GROWN AT IRRIGROWN AT IRRI

�F1 nursery

�Protected and unprotected F2 nurseries

�Protected and unprotected Pedigree

nurseries

�Observational yield trials

�Replicated yield trials

�Direct seeding trials

IRRIGATED RICEIRRIGATED RICE

�Irrigated rice is grown in about

80 million hectares or 55% of

the world rice area.

�Production 75%

Kinds of CrossesKinds of Crosses

• Single crosses

• Backcrosses

• Multiple cross

Types of CrossesTypes of Crosses

• Further improvement in Indicagermplasm for Yield, grain quality and incorporation of resistance to diseases and insects.

• Released varieties x Elite Indica Lines

• Elite Indica Lines x Elite Indica Lines

• Elite Indica Lines x Basmati Type Lines

Further Improvement in Further Improvement in NPTsNPTs for Yield, grain quality and for Yield, grain quality and

incorporation of resistance to diseases and insects. incorporation of resistance to diseases and insects.

• Improved NPTs x Improved NPTs

• Improved NPTs x Released Indica

Varieties

• Improved NPTs x Elite Indica Varieties

Improving Tropical Japonica Improving Tropical Japonica NPTsNPTs

for tropics and temperate regions for tropics and temperate regions

(Korea)(Korea)

• Tropical Japonica x Tropical Japonica

crosses

• Tropical Japonica x Korean Varieties

• 1. PROTECTED F2 NURSERIES (

INTENSIVE PROTECTION )

• 2. UNPROTECTED F2 NURSERIES ( IPM

)

• 3. DIRECT SEEDED F2 NURSERY.

F2 NurseriesF2 Nurseries

THE PEDIGREE THE PEDIGREE

NURSERYNURSERY• Pedigree nurseries are the heart of a

rice improvement program

• It starts from F3-F7 generations.

• Keen judgment is required to

exercise selection

CRITERIA FOR SELECTIONCRITERIA FOR SELECTION

• High yield

• Disease and insect resistance

• Good grain quality

• Short growth duration

• Good plant architecture

Observational Yield TrialObservational Yield Trial

• Promising homozygous progenies are

grown in replicated plots of 6 m long plots

of 6 rows.

Replicated Yield TrialReplicated Yield Trial

• Around 350 promising progenies are

evaluated in randomized complete block

design with 3 replications. Each plot

consists of 10 rows of 5 m long. Yield is

recorded at 14% moisture content from 6

m2 harvested area.

RYT SCREENING TESTRYT SCREENING TEST

• DISEASES: BL, BLB, AND RTV.

• INSECTS: BPH, AND GLH.

• FOR GRAIN QUALITY: GRAIN LENGTH and SHAPE,

AMYLOSE CONTENT, GEL TEMP., AROMA, GRAIN

ELONGATION, MILLING RECOVERY and CHALKINESS.

• AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS: PLANT HEIGHT, TILLER

NUMBER AND GRAIN YIELD.

INGER

Germplasm Bank

Hybridization

Block

F1 single

crossesF1 Multiple

crosses

F2 population

Pedigree nurseries

(F3-F6)

Observational

nursery

Replicated

Yield Trial Seed Increase

INGER

Nurseries

National Research

Programs Head Rows

VARIETIES

4 years

4 yrs.

LENGTH OF TIME TO LENGTH OF TIME TO

PRODUCE A VARIETYPRODUCE A VARIETY• FROM CROSSING WORK TO F1 TAKES- 1

YEAR

• FROM F2-F7 TAKES - 3 YEARS.

• FROM OBSEVATIONAL YIELD TRIAL (OYT )

AND REPLICATED YIELD TRIAL - 2 YEARS.

• FROM NCT- 1 YEARS.

• FROM MAT -1 YEAR.

• TOTAL NUMBER OF YEARS TO RELEASE A

VARIETY TAKES ABOUT 8 YEARS.

Promising linesPromising lines

National Cooperative

Testing ProjectNational Cooperative

Testing Project

-implemented by

RVIG

Advanced Yield

Trials

-Irrigated (14 sites)-Rainfed (3 sites)

-Upland(6 sites)

-Saline( 3 sites)

-Cool elevated(2 sites)-Special purpose(3 sites)

Advanced Yield

Trials

-Irrigated (14 sites)-Rainfed (3 sites)

-Upland(6 sites)

-Saline( 3 sites)

-Cool elevated(2 sites)-Special purpose(3 sites)

Insect and

Disease

Resistance

Trial

Insect and

Disease

Resistance

Trial

Grain

Quality

Evaluation

Grain

Quality

Evaluation

National Seed Industry CouncilNational Seed Industry Council

Some Elite lines released as VarietiesSome Elite lines released as Varieties

• IR 8

• IR 36

• IR 64

• IR 72

• PSBRc82

• NSIC 122

• NSIC148

• NSIC158

GRAIN FILLING STAGE

DIRECT SEEDED

A NEW PLANT TYPE CROSS

THANK YOU FOR THANK YOU FOR

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