Total Energy per glucose

A) Cytosol– Glycolysis• 2 NADH• 2 ATP

B) Mitochondrion– Pyruvate dehydrogenase• 2 NADH

--Krebs• 6 NADH• 2 FADH2

• 2 GTP 1

2

Abnormalities / Diseases Associated With PDH And The

TCA Cycle1)Genetic Deficiency of Pyruvate

Dehydrogenase

2) Genetic Diseases of the TCA Cycle :

Fumarase deficiency Succinate dehydrogenase α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

3

3) Thiamine Deficiency -- classical beriberi,

Pyuvate Dehydrogenase α-ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

Abnormalities / Diseases Associated With PDH And The

TCA Cycle

Regulation of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle?

About half page to be submitted next Wednesday before The class.

Students Review Question?

Additional questions would be sent through the email on Thursday.

After Glycolysis What next after?

Glucose → 2 Pyruvate

Lactate (anaerobic)

Acetyl-CoA (TCA cycle)

5

COO–

C O

CH3

COO–

HC OH

CH3

LactatePyruvate

Lactate dehydrogenase

NADH + H+ NAD+

(oxidized) (reduced)

2. Conversion To Lactate (Anaerobic conditions)

6

7

Lactate can be transported by blood to liver and used in gluconeogenesis

Cori cycle

8

Exercising muscles and the Cori Cycle

How do cytosolic/cytoplasmic NADH get into the

mitochondrial?

1. glycerol 3-phosphateshuttle - NADH as FADH

2. malate-aspartate shuttle- NADH as NADH

How do cytosolic/cytoplasmic NADH get into the

mitochondrial?

11The malate-aspartate shuttle.