Antonia Clare JJ Wilson

r:ILESSON z+.tVocabulary: ver.bs, adjectives, prepogil ioqsGrammar: auxi l iary verbsPronunciat ion: numbersReading: Shenzen, China

How to: g ive opin ions, agree and d isagree.Reading: The Latest News

Vocabularyr t ime arc r , : - : . : :verbsGrammar: quest ion tagsListening: f i nancial crime

:rVocabu-[ary: personal qualit ies:r G_rammaf: modal verbsWriting: an invitation and responsePronunciation: stressed syllabiesReading: How not to get r ich quick

Vocabulary: oppositesPronunciation: word stressGrammar: if lwhen I unless f as soon as withf i rs t condi t ionalReading: RFID

Review and consolidation unit 4

Vocabulary: books and fi lmsPronunciationt lal lel /qr/ soundsGrammar: gerunds vs infinit ivesHow to: descr ibe a f i tm or bookListening: four conversations

LESSON 5.3Vocabulary: food and eating outWriting: a, summaryGramniar: couhtable vs u nco untablellow to: rrecommend a restaurantReading: a restaurant review

Review and consolidation unit 5

Vocabulary: free time activit iesGrammar: Present Perfect Simple vs ContinuousPronunciat ion: contract ionsHow to: correct responseReading and [istening: The genius

Grammar: Present Perfect vs Past:Sim,pl6Vocabulary: for and sincePronunciation: lal or lal?Reading: Brotherly [ove?

Review and consolidation unit r

Writing: an emailL is tening: emai I re lat ionships

Grammar: passive

(pro-u)

Vocabulary: TV programmesHow to: deal wi th problemsGrammar: who, whose, which, whereReading: When no news is real news

Vocabutary: regular and irregular verbsPronunciation: verb endingsGrammar: Past Simole and Past Cont inuousListening: news headlines

Review and consolidation unit z (pr8-rg)

(pr+-rs)

(pr+z-+l)

Vocabulary: travelReading: Past PerfectGrammar: Past Perfect vs Past SimoleHow to: describe a ohotoListening: co l locat ions

Vocabulary: places to visit in a cityPronunciation: how to sound politeHow to: get around a new placeGrammar: uses of l ikeWri t ing: a quic l< guideReading: Out and about on Planet Ear th

liie$se$t sts:i,,:,ti,Xl,,,:r::r.rrxri{p$rVdcabulary-: radjectives to describe naturaI placesGrammar: articlesPronunciation: Interest'and surpriseHow to: :showrinterest apd su,rpriseReading: TravilI agents' true stories

Review and consolidation unit 6

Vocabulary: red ucationGrammar: subject and object qLrest ionsReading: Learn,ing from mistakes

:L,t::Xtiixxli::ial?iii:ii1::t:t::::::r:;:::11;:ii:::a:i:::ii::iliiiii|:l:ii:::ii:l:l' , Giammar: past obt igat ion/per:mission,,Micabulary: adve rtiserh,e.nis',: ,'.. 1,lt..Rlad'ing: Realise your dre4m,,.,,, ,Review and consolidation unit 9

Grammar: past tenses rev iewHow to: say numbers

;r,Vocabulary: verbs connected with memo'rGrarnmar: wishlif onlyVocabulary: natu re col locat ions

"Reading: a ibrain pi l l '

: r r : r l . , . r i ; i ' : t l , l

Gt+-ts)

(p8z-83)

(p8+-g+)

Grammar: used to lwouldListening: chitdhoodPronunciation: silent letters

past abil ity lReading: ret i rement

Review and consolidation unit 7

.lclammal: phrasal verbs,rW,6if,l6g3 formaI vs informal ,Listenins: how to rememberReview and consolidation unit ro

Answer key

Grammar: could lwas able to lmanaged to for

(pso-sr)

(ps8-ss)

Vocabulary: phrases with changeReading and vocabulary: the lawGrammar: second condi t ional

Vocabulary: g lobal issuesHow to: ta l l< about chanseGrammar: adverbsListening: a votuntary worl<er describes his work

Vocabulary:,tif€ decisio nsGrammar: th:ir:d, conditiona[ ,Listening: decisions

Review and consolidation unit 8

Vocabulary: workGrammar: make, let, allowListening: casuaI Fridays

.t-:f., ' ::.:::::,r ' ,,-. i.1

, V-ocabularyz -ing l-ed ad jectivesi Grammar: reported speechReading: The boss from hell?

(p66-6t)

Voca,bulary I verbs, adjectives,prepositions

1 Complete the sentences with words andphrases from the box.

Gramm&f I auxiliarv verbs

a Put the words in the correct order to mal<equest ions .

1 are sports at good you ?z brothers any got or has sisters he ?

3 are how they old ?

4 you German do t ike studying ?

5 America been have you to ?6 today you seen have boss your ?

7 you shops did go yesterday the to ?

b Wri te short answers to the quest ions inEx. 3a. Use auxi l iary verbs where possible.

a, Mal<e quest ions from the prompts.

r What/sports/you/ interested in?z You/been/sl<i ing/recentty?

r She/ t i ke / [ i s ten ing to /mus ic?

4 Mozartlptay/the violin?

5 Your parents/enjoy/the concert / last night?6 You/speak to Frances/yesterday?

t Claralhadlher baby yet?

8 You/born/ in Turin?

Xr Match the answers to the ouest ions inEx.4a.

a Yes, she does. She's real ly keen on Mozart .b No. I wasn ' t . I was born in Rome.c Yes, I did. She calted me last night.d Yes, they did. They loved i t .e Yes , he d id . He taught h imse l f when he was

f ive years old.f | [ove ski ing and watching footbatt .g Yes, she has. He's cal ted Jack.h Yes. I have. I went to Switzer land last weel<.

best f r iend have a lot in commona good sense of humour enjoyed his companycolleagues get to l<now her strangerlost touch l<eep in touch ex-girlfriendfriend of a friend

It has been realty nice seeing you again.Let's try andShe always makes me laugh. She has

3 Our relat ionship has f in ished so she's mynow.

4 I 've met him once or twice at part ies. He'sa

5 I 'd l ike to better because sheseems very fr iendly.

5 I 'm going out on Fr iday with a fewfrom worl<.

7 Mario and I have a good relat ionship becausewe [ i l<e the same things. We

8 He was a _ who I met on a train,but we tatked a lot and I

9 | speak to Lucy every day on the phone. She'smy

ro Unfortunately we _ when we lef tu niversity.

Complete the adverts with preposit ions.

4

Want to be fluent (6) - Engiish,but you don't want to spend all yourmoney (7) a language course?

Join the Engtish

Students from allover the worldbelong (8) -the club so comeand iearn aboutnew cultures too.

e Club.Languag

Pronunciation5 a @ Say the fotlowing numbers. Listen

and checl<.I 79.5

2 47o/"

3 3 h r 5 m i n s

b @ Cover the tapescript . Listen and wri tethe numbers you hear.

7

2

3

4

56

I+ 6,t56

5 72.9"/"6 r8o

\

TAPESCRIPT't 8.967 3 645 5 3,6422 92"/o 4 27o/o 6 €4to I t 's no surpr ise that what you spend your money

on depends on your age, where you l ive, how bigyour family is, and how much money you earn. Buthave you ever thought about how people changetheir spending when a whole ci ty starts to getr icher?

Shenzen, in China, has attracted lots oftalented professionals in the last few years, andthe average man or woman there now earns morethan in any other medium-sized ci ty in China. Sowhat do these Shenzen residents tend to spendthe i r money on?

The f i rst thing is educat ion. This is veryexpensive in China, and professionaI peoptegeneral ly spend more than rooo yuan each oneducat ion. This is one and a half t imes moremoney than they spent in 1995. They also spendfour t imes as much on communica t ions andtetephones. In every roo households there arenow 93 mobi le phones and 54 home computers.People have started to buy bigger houses. Theynow usua[ty have an average f ive square metresmore space in their apartments, and some haveeven bought second houses too.

The biggest change, however, has been in thenumber of people buying cars. In 1995 only fouror five families in every roo owned a car. Now thisnumber has r isen to seven in every roo, and i t iscont inuing to r ise.

Earning more money also means that thepeople of Shenzen can enjoy their le isure t imemore. Tourism is up by t8%. During the lastSpring fest ivaI more than 2oo,ooo Shenzenpeopte travel led abroad. Perhaps this is wherethey started to eat out in restaurants, becausefor many people in Shenzen, and part icular ly foryounger people, not cool<ing at home is anothernew trend.

ReadingRead the art ic le and choose the best t i t le.r Young people - are they big spenders?z China - the r ichest country in the wortd?

3 Shenzen - a changing ci ty: how peopte spendthe i r money

Read the art ic le again. Are these sentences true(T) or false (F)?

r How you spend your money does not dependon how otd you are. !

z The ci ty of Shenzen has become r icherbecause professional people have movedthere for work. !

3 People now spend twice as much money oneducat ion as before. I

4 Most famit ies in Shenzen have a mobi lephone. f

5 Seven out of ten famil ies in Shenzen havea car. !

6 People spend more money on vis i t ing otherptaces. f

7 More people eat in restaurants thanbefore. !

Underl ine four words or expressions inthe art ic le which can be used for mal<inggeneral isat ions.

Vocabulary I computers

Complete the sentences with suitable wordsfrom the box.

download research access websiteonl ine delete down message

A: Have you heard from Martin recentty?B: Yes, he sent me a _ this morning.I tend to do a lot of on the Internet formy work.I 'm having problems with my computer. l twon't shutI t 's going to take four minutes to _ this f i lefrom the Internet.I prefer to shop _ because I can do i t f romthe office.I found a great _ for information onpol i t ic ians.

l f you don't need that f i le anymore, can youplease _ i t .

8 ls there anywhere near here where I canthe Internet?

Gfamm&f I Present Simple vs presentCont inuous

2 Some of the underl ined verbs are in the wrongtense. Put them into the correct tense.

Let 's go out. l t doesn't rain now.I gq to the gym on Tuesdays and Thursdays.The ear th i s go ing around the sun.Can you turn the kett te off? The water boits.We should leave soon. l t gets [ate.I can' t hear him very wel l . What is he talk ingabout?Do you use the computer now? I 'd I ike to checkmy emai [ .We stav with some fr iends at the moment.Can you see that woman? She tr ies to stealthat car!A: What job are you doing?B: I 'm a iournal ist , but I 'm not working at

the moment .

Put the verbs in the correct form, PresentS impte or Present Cont inuous .

r A: How is your Engt ish?B: Not bad. lt _ (get) better.

z I usuatty _ ( f in ish) work at s ix o'c locl<, andit _ ( take) me ten minutes to walk home.

3 You shoutd turn your l ights on. l t _ (get)dark.

4 _you always _ ( t isten) to music inthe car?

5 l_ ( t ive) with my parents unt i l I can f indan apartment to buy.

6 Hurry up, Anna! We _ (wait) for you.

7 This train _ (be) always tate!8 I _ usual ly _ (not enjoy) part ies.

9 We _ (go) out most evenings.ro A: What 's that noise?

B: l t ' s Jude. He _ (p tay) the t rumpet .

8

9

/ /

/tV ,

ls there anywherenear here where I canaccess the lnternet?

I'irltrlllrfl

Writing4 Put the t ines in the correct order to complete

the in fo rmalemai [ .H i D iego,Thanl<s for your message. I received your emai lth is morn ing . . .

f u l t is very hard work

I u I h o p e s o . . .

f ] . I 'm sorry I haven't been in touch for sucha [ong t ime . . .

I a My company is buying a factory in China,

I " . . . so I have to travela lot .

I f . . . because i t would be great to see youthere.

I g . . . and i t was great to hear at[ your news.

f n . . . but I am enjoying i t .

I i Are you coming to Rico's wedding?

I I . . . but I 'm very busy in my new job.I hope to see you soon anyway. Take care.Matteo

Listening5 e @ Cover the tapescript. Listen to the

psychologist. What is she tal l<ing about?r gir l fr iends and boyfriendsz emaiI relationshios3 penfriends

4 work relationships

Y,qpg$fRtpT

Emai l f r iends can help you enjoy your day at work, butdon' t expect too much f rom them as many emai l f r iendsprefer to stay online only.One woman I spoke to recent ly , patr ic ia , met a newcolleague, Howard, at a conference. They got on reallywel l and on Monday morning when patr ic ia got to workthere was an emai l f rom Howard in her inbox.She rept ied and they star ted an emai l re lat ionship.They found that they had a lo t in common. They sharedmemor ies, and tatked about thei r workmates. Somet imesthey swapped more than twelve emai ls a day, onlystopping i f one of them had a meet ing. patr ic ia looreoforward to receiving Howard's emails when she arrivedat worl<.After a few weeks, however, Patricia asl<ed Howard ifhe wanted to meet up after wor:k, but he always foundan excuse not to. Then she received a really strangeemai l f rom him expla in ing how he d idn ' t want to havea retat ionship and how he had decided to s top emai l ingher. That was the end of the story, and she never hearofrorn h im again.You see, an email retationship tal<es a lot [ess energyand organising than a face-to-face relationship. So a totof people who don' t real ly want the responsib i l i ty of aretat ionship wi l t t ry emai t f r iends instead. l t 's easier ano,i f you have an argument , you can a lways just shut downyour computer !

Listen again. Choose the correct answers.Emai l f r iends are good fo rA going out with after worr.B spending t ime whi le Vou are at work.Patr ic ia and HowardA were old fr iends.B met at a conference.They tat l<ed aboutA their col leagues.B the i r p rob lems.

They usuaIty wroteA lots of emails every day.B one or two emai ls a day.Patr ic ia asked Howard toA meet her after work.B stop emai l ing her.HowardA wanted to go to the cinema with patr ic ia.

B didn' t want to meet her in person.EmaiI relat ionships useA more energy than face-to-face relat ionships.B less energy than face-to-face retat ionships.The advantage of an emaiI relat ionship is thati f you have an argument, you canA switch off your computer.B meet for a coffee.

m1.

Gfammaf I Present Perfect vs Past Simpte Vocabulary I for and since

Complete the gaps in the text with verbs fromthe box.

has learnt have always wanted has spentflew hasn't got married hasn't taughthas done have always admiredhas gone met

| (r) - my sister. She is youngerthan me and (z) or hadchi ldren. She (t) her l i fe travel l ingand l iv ing in di f ferent countr ies. She (+) -

lots of different iobs and she (S)to speal< four or five different languages. Now,she (6) to Thaitand. | (Z)

- to go there. She (8) - to Bangkok lastmonth and (q) _ a man who offered her ajob in his schoot. She (ro) chi ldrenbefore so she is [ooking forward to i t . l t is anothernew experience.

Complete the second sentence so that i t meansthe same as the f i rst . Use the verbs in bracl<ets.Put the verbs in the correct form.

r He became a lawver in zooz.He zooz. (be)

My parents started l<eeping dogs when I wassix years otd.My parents I W A S

six years otd. (keep)

g She went to Paris [ast Tuesday.

She Tuesday. (be)

4 I met them two years ago.I two years.(l<now)

She bought that car f ive years ago.She five years.(have)

6 Al ice isn ' t here because she went to the bank.

to the bank.

got marr ied 25 years ago.25 years.

started working together in zoo4.

3 Some sentences below have mistakes. Correctthe mistal<es and t ick the correct sentences.

r I haven't seen Maria for a couple of months.

z I 've had a headache since [uncht ime.

3 | haven't had a cigarette since three weeks!

4 I 've known Jul ia for we went to universi ty.

5 I 've [ ived here since ten years.

6 | have studied Engt ish since I was at school.

7 Have you been here since a [ong t ime?

8 I 've had a bad cold for last weekend.

9 I haven't s lept s ince the moment I heard theNCWS.

ro I haven't eaten anything for nine o'c lock thismorn ing .

Pronunciation I tnt or tet?

4 xe Put the words in botd in the tabte betowaccording to the pronunciat ion of theunderl ined a. ls i t /e/ apple, or /a/ company?

r Can I have a cigarette?z I 'd t ike some advice.

3 He's very good at qthlet ics.

4 What 's happened?The musicians have arr ived.The cat looks comfortable.

/e/ qpple /e/ company

b @ Listen and check your answers.Practise saying the sentences.

56

Atice(go)

TheyThey(be)

TheyThey

Reading5 Read the text about the Schumacher brothers.

then t ick the correct summarv.The brothers don' t get on wel l because theyare too competi t ive. IThe brothers have a good relat ionship, evenwhen they race against each other. ITheir relat ionship has got worse since theystarted racing. I

(work)2OO4.

:::i:r.:::::ili:ii:,i:::]

l

brothers in the'

6 Read the text again and answer the quest ions.

r Has Ralf Schumacher always won Formuta One races?z Did Ralf have a good relat ionship with his mother?

3 What three things might have changed the way Ralf dr ives?

4 What does Michael think has been the most imoortant factorin Ralf 's success?

5 Do the brothers have a good relat ionship when they are notworking?

6 When they go out together now, do they talk a lot about racing?

Vocabulary

Use the words in the box to complete the text.

access get website about belongbest friends lost common strangersl<een ex-girlfriend

The Friends Reunited (1) _ hetps (z) _who have (l) _ touch to find each otheragain. More than n,ooo,ooo people (+) _ tothe si te, with over 53,ooo schools, col leges anduniversi t ies. l f you're not (S) _ on meetingwith your old school f r iends, why not f indsomeone who used to l ive near you? Over 5oo,oooold neighbours have met through the si te, whichcovers 2,ooo,ooo streets. And you don't need toworry (6) _ the expense - the website is freeto (Z)-. You just need to register. Then youcan search the si te to f ind old cot leagues, schoolfr iends, housemates or f i rst loves. One man saidhe just had a look to see what his (e)_ wasdoing, and discovered that, 'She was marr ied withfour chi ldren. ' On the new dat ing website, you can(g) _ to know (ro) _ , to see ifyou haveanything in (rr) _.

Auxiliary verbs

2 Write quest ions from the prompts.

r you/t ive/ in Thaitand? Yes, I do.z youlseelJames Bond f i tm/tast night? No, we

didn' t .

3 When/SaI lgo lon hot iday? Next week.

4 What/sports/you/ interested in? Tennis andbasketbal l .

5 You/enjoyi study? Yes, I do.6 You/forget/your books? Yes, I have.

7 Iimltikelworking for IBM? Yes, he does.8 You/happy l in lyour new f lat? Yes, I am.

9 George G/wini the elect ion? Yes, he did.ro You/pass/att your exams? Yes, I have!

3 Write short answers to the questions.

r Are you interested in history? Yes, Iz Does he write his own songs? Yes,

4

56

Huu. you ever thought about leaving France?N o , l _ .Can you lend me a pen? Yes, | _.ls the weather nice? Yes.Did they cal l to conf irm the booking? Yes,

ls she.enjoying her new course? Yes,

8 Do they want to come to the show? Yes,

Have you f inished ptaying on the computer?Yes, _

ro Does the chef come from l taly? No,

Present Simple, PresentContinuous, Present Perfect

4 Circle the correct opt ion.

r I tend to usef om usinglhave using emailsrather than letters.

z We flyinglflylhave flown from Heathrowairport at 9.3oa.m.

3 What arelhaveldo you enjoy spending yourmoney on?

4 Private schools aref are beinglhave been veryexpensive in China nowadays.

5 lt isn't seeming lhosn't seemed ldoesn't seemlike a good idea to me.

6 Do you want to borrow this book? | om just

finishing l've just finished ljust finish it, andit was br i t t iant lI 'm afraid she's busy at the moment. Shetalkslhas talkedl's talking to someone onthe other [ ine.l'm tryinglhave trying/am fry to get fit, soI cycle to work every day.l've always en joyed I'm always en joying I'vealways enjoy painting.

She works in the sales department, but Icon't rememberf 'm not remembering lhaven'tremembered her name,

10

for/since

5 Complete the sentences with for or since.

r I haven't heard from him _ ages.z We've been touring _ last month.

3 They've been gone _ yesterday.

4 Have you been wait ing _ long?

5 I've played the guitar _ | was sixteenvears old.She's staying there _ a few weeks.We haven't seen Horace he left home.We lived in Spain _ fifteen years.

He's been crying - this morning.We've wanted to te[[ vou the weekend.

Correct the mistal<es in the sentences.

r I 've know her for a long t ime. We went toschooI together.

z 'Have you spoken to the manager?''Yes, I have done i t this morning. '

3 When have they got marr ied?

4 We haven't been in touch since a long t ime.

5 When did you started working together?6 I 've never did watch that programme.

7 lt's the funniest book I've never read.8 She have had a hair cut.

9 I've iust start to learn Tai Kwando.ro I haven't did sign the contract yet.

7 Complete the diatogues using the verbs inbracl<ets.

A: (r) you ever to SanFrancisco? (be)

B: Yes, | (z) there a few yearsago. (go)

A' (t) you it? (enjoy)

B: | (4) it was fantastic! (think)

A, (S) you squashregutarty? (ptay)

Yes. | (6) quite good at it. (be)

How tong (7) you for?(ptay)

| (8) about six years ago. (start)(g) you to play onSunday? (want)

That (ro) li lce a great idea! (sound)

Phrasal verbs

8 Complete the sentences with wordsthe box.

totd on up brought intolool<ed tal<e up joined got

I grew in New Orleans.I was up to enjoy music.I think I af ter my father, becausehe was very musical too.My mother always _ me off for notpract is ing the piano enough.I on wel l with Joey, the singer, wholived next door.He was a professional musician, so I

up to him for that.

z When I lef t home, I carr iedptayrng.

8 | gave ptaying when I started mynew job.

9 | got ptaying music again last year.ro Now I 've up with some fr iends and

we play in a band together at weekends.

Prep ositionaVphrasal verbs

I Choose the correct opt ion.

t He toldltooklsoid me off for being late.z The factory was taken inluplover by a German

bus iness .

3 | have always looked overldown lup to myolder brother.

4 My mother looks up tolafterlon Charlie whenI am at work.

5 He has used overluplby all the paper.6 We were brought on lin lup to eat everything

on our plates.

7 | grewlbelongltake up in the countryside,but moved to the citv for work.I generally get off lon lto wetI with peopleat work.I don' t see him very often but we keepin lof f lon touch by emai[ .l 'm very organised. I take on loff laftermv mother.

from

6

78

910

B:

A:

B:\

A:

Vocabulary I newspapers

Choose the best word.

r Let's put this story on the headlinelfrontpage lsection.

z Did you read that interviewlreportlcelebrityw i th Michae lJackson?

3 Today's moin storylfree presslreviewwasabout a French ool i t ic ian.

4 You can read about new books in theheadli n e I j o urnali st I revi ew secti o n.

5 A tot of front pages ljournolists lreports haveinterviewed her, but no one really knows her.

6 The free presslThe doily paperslOnline newson the Internet is more up-to-date thannewspapers.

Find the words in the puzzle to match thedef ini t ions below.

r Someone who wri tes news stor ies.z Where the most important stor ies go in the

newspaper. TheThe title of a news story. _A type of news story. _A famous person.

Pubt ic i ty for a product or business

Gramm&f I passive

3 Complete the second sentence with no morethan three words so that i t means the sameas the first.

Mr Ford founded the compony in ry26.The compony was founded in ry26.r The editor doesn't wri te many art ic les.

Not many art ic les _ the editor.z Japanese workers made the product.

The product _ Japanese workers.

3 A group of large banks organised the meeting.The meeting _ a group of large banks.

4 The engineer has f ixed the photocopier.

The photocopier has

5 The player signed the contract today.The contract _ today.

6 He switches off the machines at night.The machines _ at night.

7 You can f ind branches of our company in mostcountr ies in the world.Branches of our company can _ in mostcountr ies.

8 | have contacted the ct ient.The cl ient

Complete the form using the passive in thecorrect tense.

2

c e 5 e c t o n s

e d d e h a c v u

t I n t e r V I e W

e t d I a b u f 5 a

b o s u d a I I v a

r r f c t k o d d

I a I t c t e c V

t f r o n t p a g e

v X o W e q o p I

I o u r n a t s t

4

3

4

5l 5 '

78

Tick o box:o 1 (3)- (tell) obout NewsUP

by o friend. Io I sow NewslfP in o shoP' I l

(abbreviat ion).

A ouest ion-and-answer discussion.

Separate parts of a newspaper, eg Sports,Finance.

paper.

ro The person responsible for the content of anewspaper.

Tick o box for your choice o[ free gift '-

o DVD of news highlights of the yeor' I I

9 A newspaper that is pr inted every day. A Your free gift wil l l4l-(seni) to your home

o Hordbock copy of The Newsmokers' I I

oddress.

NewsUP (5)--(print) on recYcled PoPer'

How to . . . I g ive opin ions, agreeand d isagree

5 Complete the dialogue with words fromthe box.

neither recl<on def ini tely opiniondepends sure so what in

A:

B :

B :

A:

B :

A:

(t)_ do you think of Reatity TV?(z)_my opinion, i t 's a complete waste oft ime. What 's your G)_?I'm not (+)_. I G)_ it can be quiteentertain ing.I don' t think (5)_.

I t (Z)- on the programme. Some of themare good, but I 'd never watch them at l day.Me (8)_. Onty TV addicts watch Reality TVat lday .(g)-t

6

Readinga, Read about a newspaper with a di f ferenceand answer the quest ions below.

r Who normal ly chooses the news we read:readers leditors?

z What news do you think is most popular:sto ri es abo ut i nte rn ati o n al b usi n e ss I g o ssi pabout famous people?

3 How many people do you think read newson the lnternet regularty: obout 5o%lfewerthan jo%'t.

b Choose the best headl ine for the story.

r Chitean newspaper celebrates i ts bir thday !z Chite paper lets readers choose the news !3 Chite 's journal ists stop wri t ing ser ious

news !

& Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?

r LUN was always a very successful. newsDaoer. l-lt 'z LUN uses internet technology to f ind out which

stor ies are poputar. I3 LUN's most popular art ic les are usualty very

serious stor ies. !4 August ine Edwards thinks LUN is poputar

because i t has stor ies that peopte want toread. !

S At the moment LUN pays more money to thejournal ists i f they wri te popular stor ies. !

5 At teast 7oo/" of Chileans don't clicl< on theirfavouri te stor ies on www.tun.com. I

with a differenceI t was 1O2 years old, bor ing andunpopufar, But now Las UltimasNotic ias (LUN: The Latest News),has become one of Chi le 's favouri tenewspapers. Employees at LUN sayit 's a revolut ion in journal ism.Cri t ics say i t 's rubbish.

In 2001 LUN s tar ted count ing the numberof c l icks on each story on i ts website(www. lun .com) . The c l i cks te l l the ed i to rswh ich s to r ies a re popu lar and wh ichare not, I f an art ic le gets a lot of c l icks,the newspaper cont inues the story thefo l low ing day , o r f inds s imi la r ones . I f anart ic le gets only a few cl icks, the story isk i l led . Accord ing to August ine Edwards ,the newspaper 's publ isher, LUN ref lectsthe chang ing va lues and in te res ts o f Ch i le .

So, what news did readers choose whenworld leaders arr ived in Sant iago for animportant t rade meeting? One of the tops tor ies was about where US po l i t i c ian Co l inPowel l went to d inner and what he a te(prawns with couscous). Another popularstory was about which pol i t ic ians gave thebest t ips to the waiters ( the Japanese).

The cr i t ics say LUN now has no ser iousnews, Edwards repl ies, ' I 'm focused not onwhat peop le shou ld read, bu t what theywant to read. I want my journal ists to wri tefor the people, not for me or their edi tors. 'He even p lans to pay h is journa l i s tsaccord ing to the number o f c l i cks the i rstor ies get.

One quest ion remains. Only 30olo of thecountry has Internet access: the r ichest30%, So is LUN real ly a ref lect ion of ' the

chang ing va lues and in te res ts o f Ch i le '?

Vocabulary I tv programmes

Complete the sentences with words fromthe box.

soap newsreaders contestants audiencedocumentary chat shows microphonequiz show

The _ wasn't working so no one couldhear h im!University Challenge is a type of _ forstudents, with quest ions about many subjects.The _ on Mastermind have two minutes toanswer as many quest ions as they can, on onesubject.Famous actors usual ly go on _ to publ ic isetheir new movies.I watched a very interest ing _ about wi ldanimals in Afr ica.My favourite is about a rich family fromDallas. I watch it twice a week.Big Brother has a huge I don't knowwhy. I think i t 's rea[[y boring.In my country, _ are usual ly middle-agedmen. The publ ic trusts them to tel [ the truthl

How to . . . I deatwi th problems

2 Put the words in the correct order to completethe dialogues.

Grammilff | who, whose, which, where

3 Choose the correct phrases from the box tocomplete the sentences. Use wholwhoselwhichlwhere to join the two phrases. Youwil l need to omit some words.

his wife won the lottery it makes jewelleryher f i lms always make moneywe stayed there last yearyou can surf there a[[ yeari t looks best on you they designed my housethey are always honest

7

2

3

4

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78

That 's the manI l ike people

That 's the hotelElla works in a factoryLaguna has a big beachI spoke to the architectsBlack is the colourDonna is the type of director

problem what 's the ?computer i t 's my. working isn' t properly i t .

switching off try it.that t r ied I 've.the matter what's ?car son's i t 's toy my. keeps stopping i t .

out the run have batter ies ?right yes, you're oh!the what's tift with wrong ?order out it 's of.I cal l sha[[ engineers the ?

Complete the sentences using wholwhichlwherelwhose. Are they true (T) or fatse (F)?r An audience is a group of people _ act in

a show. !z A microphone is a technologicaltooI

makes your voice quiet. ITecwen Whit tock is the man cough canbe heard on Who Wants to be a Millionaire?

IA studio is a place _ many l ive TVprogrammes are maoe. !A contestant is someone asks thequest ions on a quiz show. !Fixis a verb _ means find a solution to oproblem. IA newsreader is a person job is to readthe news. !

8 Who Wants to be a Millionaire?is a quiz show

4

r A :

l B :I

-4=t=-=-'@-ff."t+-'=

ca[[ed I 've them just. has become world famous. fl

Readinga Read the text and choose thebest endings for the sentencesbelow.

janet Cooke wasA a very poor woman.B a journal ist .

C a newspaper editor.She invented a story aboutA a chi td l iv ing a di f f icul t l i fe.B a man calted Jimmy.C the government.

The ci ty government

A f i red Cooke.B tried to find the boy.C didn't betieve the story.Stephen Gtass createdA a magazine.B a false identity for himself.C fake papers to pretend he was

tett ingthe truth.

Stephen Glass was caughtA quickly.

B by the pol ice.

C after many years.

6 Jayson Blair pretended toA interview many people.B worl< for the New York Times.C be a journal ist .

b Find the words or expressions inbotd that mean:

r peopte who break intotechnological systems i t tegalty

was revealedtop journal ist

removed from a job

demandedin a stressful s i tuat ion

L:i

r::i: :,.::

'l l

.:

l : ]

2

3

4

5g6

Vocabulary I regular and irregular verbs

1 Underl ine the correct form of the verbs.

t I wake up lowoke up lwoke up early thismorn ing .

z He drowed ldrew I draws a lot of pictures whenne was young.

3 When his father died, Peter Morton inheritlinherittedl inherited one million pounds.

4 We flewlfliedlfloyyn to France.

s She catchedlcoughtlcaught the 5.5o train.5 We faughtlfoughtlfighted hard for ninety

minutes, but st i t l d idn' t win the game.

7 | forgottenlforgettedlforgot to pack mysunglasses.

8 Last year, probtems with produ ction costed Icastlcost the company $5o,ooo.

9 At7.oo yesterday morning two pr isonersescopp ed I escaped I esco p e.

rc | cuted lcutlcutted my hand this morning.

Pronunciation2 Which verb ending sounds different? Choose

the odd one out.

r A jumped B looked C hated Dz A waved B l ived C seemed D

3 A s h o u t e d B w a t c h e d C p r i n t e d

4 A l o v e d B f i t t e d c c o m p t a i n e d

5 A b e l i e v e d e l o c a t e d C d e c i d e dD reminded

6 A s h o c k e d B m i s s e d C o o s t e d

Gfamm&f I Past Simpte and Past Continuous

4 Underl ine the best verb tense.

r A: Where were you at 9a.m. this morning?B: I drove lwas driving from Houston to San

Diego.z She failed the test because she didn't

un de rsta n d I was n't u n d e rsta n d i n g theinstruct ions.

3 He injured his knee while he playedlwasploying footba[[.

4 | came to say goodnight yesterday but yourestedf were resting.

5 We ate, paid the bitt and wentlwere goingnome.

6 How did you knowf were you knowing myname?

7 I saw you on the roof this morning! What didyou do lwere you doing?

8 We talked lwere talking before you interruptedus !

Put the verbs in bracl<ets into the Past Simpleor Past Cont inuous.

D

stoppedh o l n o d

D wantedD booked

D kissed

3 There are three or four syl lables in each [ ine.Count and wri te the numbers in the boxes,

r A: I asl<ed you. !B: I respondedl I

z A: They attaclcedl !B: We defendedl !

t f A : Wewai ted there . !B: He returned. I

4 A : She touched h im. !B: They both taughed. !

5 A: The chi ld screamed. IB: She kissed him. !

sa idthe

Lool< at the pictures and put the verbsin brackets into the Past Simple or PastCont inuous.

Someone _ (steaD my waltet white I(not look).

f,i,xi:,i1,::::'z | _ (not know) you _ (be) in town.

Listening7 a @ Coverthe tapescript . Listen to the

local news headl ines and complete the notes.

r Chi ldren eat too much _, says nutr i t ionist .2 1,ooo _ to be destroyed.

3 _ saves car crash vict ims.

4 Art ist sel ls paint ing to _.

1"Ap€Se R'pTAnd now for today's news headlines. A nutrit ionist saysour chi ldren are eat ing too much fat . In F incher, onethousand homes wi l l be destroyed to bui ld a shoppingarea. A taxi driver last night saved two lives after a carcrash. And locaI artist Angela Witco sells a painting torock star, Lee Santana.

b @ Now l isten to the news stor ies andanswer the quest ions.

r Who d id N ia t lSmi th s tudy?z What food and dr ink should the chi ldren eat

and dr ink less of?

t What two things wit l the town of Fincher bui ldin p lace o f the houses?When wit l the new houses be buit t?Who did John Mantey save?Where exact ly did he take them?Where did Lee Santana see the paint ing?How does Witco feel about set l ing her paint ingto Lee Santana?

TTePFSeRIPT

Nutr i t ion is t Niat t Smith f rom the Cambr idge Think Tanl<on Diet and Heal th, says that our chi tdren eat too muchfatty food. In a two-year study of 9oo schoolchildrenaged r r to r5, Smith and h is team found that ch i ldren eardouble the amount of fa t recommended by nutr i t ion is ts .Hamburgers, chips, chocolate and fizzy soft drinl<s werethe biggest probtems.

In the town of F incher, one thousand homes wi [ [ beknocked down to bui td a shopping area and car park.Local counci t lors say that the shopping area wi l lrevitalise Fincher town centre. They say new housingwilt be buitt next year.

A taxi driver, John Mantey, has saved the l ives of ahusband and wife whose car crashed into a tree onFr iday n ight . Mantey put ted the couple f rom the car anddrove them immediate ly to a London hospi ta l in h is tax i .They are now in a stable condi t ion.

Painter Angela Witco has found a famous buyer for herwork. Rock star and art lover Lee Santana bought Witco'spainting Trees in Winter for an undisclosed sum. He sawthe paint ing in a smat l ar t gal lery in Manchester and fet lin love with it immediatety. Witco says she is extremelyhappy that her paint ing has found a good home.

'i7-_4 -f r :'N

3 We _ (not hear) the burglar because we_ (t isten) to toud music.

4 | _ (drive) home when I _ (see) ablack cat at the side of the road.

5 Eve _ (not take) the bus because it(be) a beautiful day.

Josie _ (meet) Ctyde white they(skD.

4

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78

Passives, Past Simple and PastContinuous

1 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

r Last year, over $4,ooo,ooo,ooo _ (spend)on computers.

z I hurt my back whi le I _ (work) in thegaroen.

6

7

When _ (you realise) you had this greattalent for tennis?The car_ (stop) by the pot ice at 6.roa.m.They searched i t immediately.| _ (not go) to the party because I had toomuch work to do.Penici l l in _ (discover) by aqcident.Who _ (tatk) to when I saw you thismorning? I 've never seen her before.

8 They didn' t hear the news because they(stay) on a desert is land at that t ime.

g | - (not know) you had the same bir thdayas me!

ro This type of food can - (eat) as a starter oras a main course.

Passives and Past Simplevs Continuous

2 a Match the f i rst halves of the sentences, l-8,to the second halves, a-h.

r Robin Kruger wasn't caught whi le hewas @[

z ln his tef t hand he was carrying a sma[[ gunand ! f

3 A few hours later, he was captured at hishome, ! !

4 He gave a note to Melanie loseph, who ! [5 Kruger was wearing sunglasses and a

hat ! [6 The note said ' l have a gun in my hand. ! f ,7 Miss Joseph took the note and gave f I8 Pol iceman Don Cal low explained, 'Kruger 's

note was f]@

a was working there as a cashier.b where he was count ing his money.c Give me fro,ooo in cash. 'd trying to rob a bank, but very soon afterwards.

e wri t ten on the back of an envelope with hisaddress on i t . '

f in his r ight he had a bag for the money.g him the money, and he walked out.h when he walked into the bank.

b Now put the sentences in the correctorder to mal<e the story. The first and the lastsentences have been done.

e Underl ine f ive examples of the PastCont inuous, and circ le three examples of thepassive.

3

4

Defining relative clauses

lo in the sentence pairs to mal<e singlesentences. Use who I which I where I whose.Change alan to fhe where necessary, anddelete any unnecessary words.

The Voticon City is o stote. The Pope lives there.The Vaticon City is the stote where the Pope lives.

r Graceland is a place. Elvis Presley died there.z Franz Kafka was a writer. He wrote a story

about a man who became an insect.

3 St Petersburg is a city. lt used to be catledLeningrad.

4 Rodin was a scutptor. He made The Thinker.

5 Titonic is a famous fitm. lt cost $zoo,ooo,oooto make.

6 Matibu is a beach in Cal i fornia. Hundreds ofcelebri t ies l ive there.

7 Vivatdi was a composer. His most famous workwas The Four Seasons.

8 lstanbuI is a ci ty. l t is bui t t on two cont inents- Europe and Asia.

Complete the sentences using the promptsand the passive so that they mean the sameas the f i rst sentences. Use three or four wordsincluding the words in bracl<ets.

r That 's the boy! Someone gave him my bicycle.

That's the boy _ my bicycle! (was)

z These are great stor ies. People te[ [ them fromgenerat ion to generat ion.

These are the great stories _ fromgeneration to generation. (totd)

3 He's an art ist . People buy his paint ings forthousands of Euros.He's the art ist for thousands of Euros.(sold)

4 That 's the otd country house. I was born there.That's the old country house _. (was)

5 lt's a type of pen. You can use it under water.It's a type of pen _ under water. (be)

6 These are the tour ists. Someone has stotentheir bags.These are the tourists _ stolen. (been)

7 He's the master cr iminal. We must stop himl

He's the master cr iminal (stopped)

Irregular verbs

What is the past tense of each of these verbs?Underl ine the odd one out in each group.

r A s e l l B t e a c h C b u y D f i g h t2 A m o v e B o w n C c l e a n D b t o w

3 A d e c i d e B s h o u t C w a n t D s w i m

4 A k n o w B p l a y c f l y D g r o w

5 A c o s t B c u t C r u n D h i t6 A c o m e B s p e a k C c h o o s e D w a k e

7 A w a s h B d r a w C m i x D l < i s s8 A g e t B g o C f o r g e t D s h o o tg A d e l i v e r B p u t C m o v e D s h o wr o A b r i n g B c a t c h c s t o p D t h i n k

How to . . .

a Complete these sentences by adding oneword.1 My opinion, we should buy the btack sofa, not

the b lue one. - Iz What you think of that new Bruce Witt is f i tm?

8

9

You think we should leave at 8.oo. but I 'm notsure that. - IShe said we could get in to the club free, but Idon' t think. - II 'd love to go to the beach, but i t depends theweather. - IWhat 's matter with your TV? The picture isn' tvery good, is it? -Il f your computer isn' t working, t ry turning offand on aga in . IThe photocopier is out order again. _trThe probtem with your pr inter is that i t 's runout paper ! - I

ro l f the microwave breaks down again, ca[[ usand we can f ix immediately. _I

b Match the sentences, l -1o, to the responses,a-i.a Me too. I think i t ' [ [ be sunny.b l t depends on the traf f ic, but I think 8.r5 wit t

be OK.c Oh dear. We need some copies for this

morning. Shatt I catt the engineers?d Great . l ' t [ keep your phone number then.e l t depends how expensive the black one is.f lt isn't worl<ing properly. I can only get two

channets .0K, l ' [ [ t ry tha t .OK, I ' l t pu t some more in !I think i t 's br i l t iant. | love the act ion scenes.Me neither. We usual ly have to pay.

a Put the words and phrases in the box intothe correct columns.

cameraman documentary journal istheadl ine quiz show the front pagesoap newsreader celebri tyreview section editor articlechat show main story contestantpresenter advertisement

People Types ofTVprogramme

Things in anewspaper

b Use the words and phrases above tocomplete the sentences.

r You can read about new books and f i lms in the_ of the Sunday paper.

z We saw a _ about wi ld animals in Afr icaon TV. l t fot lowed the movements of l ions.

3 | watch this _ everv week. I love thecharacters.I 'd l ike to be a _ because every day youcan wri te interest ing news stor ies.One _ on this quiz show got every answerr ight. He won $ro,ooo!I would hate to be a _ t ike David Beckhamor Jul ia Roberts. I prefer a quiet l i fe.I saw an interest ing _ in the newspaper fora job in Hawai i .Did you read about the President? The storywas on _ of every newspaperlThat quiz show _ is so bad he can' t evensay the quest ions properly!I read an _ in the newspaper aboutnew technology. lt was very long, but it wasinterest ing and we[l-wri t ten.

ch

i

i

Vocabulary I homeComptete the sentences with the words andphrases in the box.

good view cei l ings condit iondrive wooden cramped cetlartift fireplace attic

r l t was cold, so we l i t a f i re and sat around the

2

3

I prefer _ floors without carpets.

You can see the sea from the window. The flathas a veryThe apartment is very modern and in good

There's no so vou have to use the stairs.

I lou. th.r.-old hour., b..uuse thev havesuch highI 'vfput al l the old furni ture up in the

We keeo the wine in the because i t isvery cooI down there.We l ike the f lat but i t is a bi t smal l and -.

You can park the car outside the house, in the

Gralmm&f I Present Continuo usvs going

tolwill for future

2 Complete the sentences using the words inbrackets and will or going to.

r A: Why are you moving al l those books?

B: - offices tomorrow. (l/change)

z A: What would you t ike to dr ink?

B: - some mineralwater, please. ( l i have)

3 A: I don' t know how to work this computerprogramme.

B: Don't worry. - you. (li show)

4 A: Have you decided where to go on yourbir thday?

B: Yes, i t 's al l p lanned. _ to that newrestaurant I told you about. (We/go)

' , 5 A: Did you remember to ca[[ David?

B: No, I forgot. - it now. (l/do)

6 A: _ to the shops. Do you want asandwich? ( l /go)

B: No thanks something tater. ( l /get)

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78

9

10

3 Add one or two words to complete eachsentence.

r I need some fresh air. I think I go for a walk.

2 you seeing Jack at the weekend?

3 What t ime Susannah coming?

4 We going to Berl in at the end of the month.

5 They've changed their minds. They're going toThai land any more, they are to Greece.

6 Are you coming to the concert too? Great - wesee you there then.He doesn't t ike the new job so I don' t think hestay there for very long.'What are your plans for supper?' ' l cookingpizza. '

Writing I a format letter

4 Replace the underl ined phrases in the letterwith phrases from the box to mal<e it moreforma[.

I was also very disappointed ... I am writingto complain about ... I expect to receivea fulI refund Dear ... Yours sincerelylwould also l ike.. . In fact, . . . In addit ionto this ... | lool< forward to receiving asatisfactory reply. According to yourwebsite. . .

0 A_"Ul lt'Lr Synlth,

(z) thu u or shirt letter to teLL yaw thnt I ttrawk the

accovnMadatLow that yavtr cawLpqwy prowdes i: wt

very lood.(3) Yartr websLte saw that the apartvnents are aLL

vntderw and iwgood condLtLow. (+) Bul, thz apartmznt

I ftayed Lw wat buLlt twthr- 1170s, and weded work

daL44 to Lt. 1-lrz floars Lw thp kLtchzw ano( batLLroovn

Nere brokzr+ and dity. (5) And thz wash.t4l vnachine

v')orr wt v,,lorkLvg.(a) I wal also wt haopv ta find tt"at the apqrtwtew

wa,r a Lavt4 way f,,:orw the beach, and wt 'wttltLw

tew

Reading5 a Read the text and complete the table.

b Listen again and answerthe quest ions about Pat.

r Why was the house swapl ike a honeymoon?

z what iob did she have todo in the morn ings?

3 What did they do with theirfree t ime?

I Now answer the quest ionsabout Jean-Marc .

4 Where did the Engt ishfamity l ive when they wereat home?

5 Why d idn ' t Jean-Marc [ i kethe tradi t ionat Engt ishbreakfast?Was the tr ip a success forYannick?Would they t ike to repeatthe experience?

cool< ing I had to do was to makecoffee in the morning! We hadlots of free time, so we travelLedaround the area and went sai l ing.I t d idn ' t fee l l ike work at a l [ - i twas a wonderfut hotiday.

Jean-Marc: Wel[, we were verysurpr ised to see how the Engt ishfamity l ived. They had two verysmal l rooms in the basement ,underground, and a l [ the n icebedrooms were used for theguests. Atso I thinl< they worl<too hard, because nobody helpsthem. They are a lways cookingand c leaning. I had to cook at radi t ional Engl ish breal<fast ,but i t was terr ib le. I can ' t eatfood li l<e that because I thinl< itis very bad for you. In France wehave f resh bread, wi th jam andcoffee. lt is heatthier, and easier toprepare too! l t was an in terest ingexper ience, but I was very happyto come home, and I don' t th inkYannick learnt anyth ing veryusefu l . We wouldn ' t do i t again.

b What is different about this house swao?

HO{JSE SWAP WITH A DIFFERENCESwapping your house with another family is one thing, But would yoube happy to swap not just your house, but also your business? This isexactly what the following two families decided to do,

Jean-Marc, Felicityand Yannick (. l6) l ive in a hugevil la in the southof France, The house has six guest bedrooms, a swimming pool,vineyards and extensive gardens, They run a hotel from the house,earning more than €50,000 per year, They employ two full{ime staffso that they can take time off work to swim, eat good food, play golfand generally enjoy the Mediterranean lifestyle.

They decided to swap lives with John, Pat and Sally for one month,They hoped that the swap would be useful work experience for theirdaughter Yannick.

John, Pat and their daughter Sally live in Bongor, a seaside townin the north of England, famous for its fish and chips, They run a bedand breakfast, which has ten rooms, and earns €20,000 in the highseason, and about €10,000 during the rest of the year, They workhard. lohn manages the finances and serves food and drinks to theguests. Sally works as a waitress and helps Pat in the kitchen, Patdoes thd shopping, cooking, cleaning the bedrooms, and anythingelse that needs to be done, Pat is exhausted and wants to spenda month. in France, to see how different life could be,

We spokg to the couples after their swap to ask them how it went,

Jean-Marc,Felicity andYannicl<

Pat, Johnand Salty

Where is thei r house?

How manv bedrooms are there?

0ther features of the house/area.

How much money does the hotet i bedand breal<fast mal<e?

How do they spend thei r t ime?

What do they want to get from thehouse swao?

Listening6 s& W Cover the tapescript . Listen to Pat and Jean-Marc

describing the house swap.

r Was the swap a success for Pat?z Was the swap a success for Jean-Marc?

Vocabulary I adiectives for describing place

a Match the adject ives in Box A to theiropposites in Box B.

A B

modern ugly t inyclean noisy dutt

pol luted enormouspicturesque Iivetyhistor ic peaceful

b Use the words from Boxes A and B aboveto complete the sentences. Choose words withmeanings similar to the words/phrasesin brackets.r There is nobody on the beach at this t ime of

year. lt's very -. (quiet)

z We enjoyed walking around the - citycentre. (otd)

3 You must see Sofia's new room. lt 's(very b€)The problem with big ci t ies l ike Bangkok isthat they are very (dir ty with fumes)

We had a fantast ic t ime in Prague. l t is such acity. (there are lots of people doing lots

of exci t ing things)

5 The view over the river from our hotel was very(tovety to took at)

7 Brasilia is a - city, with a lot of officeblocks. (new)

8 l t was a sma[[ town and there was nothing todo there. l t was a bi t - . (uninterest ing)

Gramm&f I comparatives/superlatives

2 Complete the sentences with a comparat iveform of the words in the box.

modern expensive [ong peacefulsmal l heavy near bad

r l t 's very noisy in here. Sha[[ we go somewhere

2

3

4

The mealwas cheap. I expected i t to be

Your sui tcase feels l ight. Mine is much -.The style is a bi t old-fashioned. I was lookingfor somethinC _.That hotel is a tong way from the centre. Can'tyou f ind anything -?This table is enormous. Have you got anything

?

The service in the restaurant was exceltent.I thought i t would be -.Have you got to leave tomorrow? Can't you

stay a littte bit -?

I Complete the sentences with a comparat ive orsuperlative form of the words in brackets.

r London is not - city to live in. (good)

z Hotels in Mi lan are - in Rome. (expensive)

3 Rio de Janeiro is - c i ty I have ever been to.(hot)

4 Madrid is a busy ci ty. The atmosphere in

6

7

Barcelona is - , (retaxed)

Ravenna has some of the mosaics in theworld. (beaut i fuD

lstanbut is one of - c i t ies I know. ( t ivety)

Vienna is beaut i fut , but Prague was -.(romantic)

People in Paris seem - than people inSt Tropez. (busy)

4 Read the information about a new bool<. Tickthe statements which are correct.

The book:

2

3

orovides information about di f ferent ci t ies inthe USA. !is a fictionaI description of tife in New York. !tel ts you which are the best and the worstci t ies to l ive in. Idescribes twelve of the best Europeancit ies. Imight be usefuI for someone who is planningto move to the USA. !

Reading

5 Read the interview and match the questionst-7 to the answers a-f.

I How did r

a We look at over a hundr ed pieces ofinformation about each place. We gr-oupthose into nine categonies including: economyand jobs, cost of l iv ing, c l imate, educatron,ants and culture. Then we press a buttonon the computen and that's how we getthe top ten.

b Cities with a university do especially well. Theyhave plenty to do, nice city centnes, pleasantsunroundings and usually they aren't toocrowded. The strength in higher educationtends to affect all levels of education and mosthave excellent health care facilities. Then theneane the state capitals, which tend to be clean,have a good economic situation and lots ofcultunal facilities - these are also good.

c Yes, quite a few. For instance, highly r.ankedcities ane found all acnoss the countny, notlust on the sunny coastlines like ever-ybodythinks. Thene are a few inter.esting cities thatwe call the 'Big City Bangains'. These ar.e bigcities with a low cost of living, like Pittsburghand Indianapol is.

d Areas at the bottom typically have high levelsof unemployment and cr ime and a high costof living combined with low levels of education,few facilities and not much to do. However,most of these cities necognise that theneane problems and they are actively wor.kingto tmonove.

e Younger single people ane intenested in placeswith jobs where they can build their caneersand make money. They want lively cities withlots to do, and of course lots of other- singlepeople tool Of counse, the top ten cities wouldall be good places to live, but fon singles inpanticulan we would choose the Norfolk areain Virginia and San Antonio, Texas.

Yes. Famil ies look for. many things, includinggood and affordable housing, qual i tyeducation and more daytime facilities likepanks, museums and outdoon recneation.Well, that is the important thing about thisbook, it won't just help you decide wheneyou should be now, it ' l l help you to plan forthe future, too. People who are planningto netine soon ane thinking mone abouthealth care, leisure and the overall cost ofl iv ing and less about jobs, housing costsand educat ion.

Choose the best answers.

r The authors decided on the top ci t ies byA asking people about their favouri te ci t ies.B lool<ing at the populat ion of each ci ty.C comparing stat ist ics about each ci ty.

z According to the bool<, universi ty ci t iesA have a lot of cr ime.B are nice ci t ies to l ive in.C usual ly have too many people.

3 Cit ies with lots of people in higher educat ionalso tend toA have a low cost of living.B have good hospitals and doctors.C come near the bottom of the l ist .

4 The top ci t iesA are found on the coasts.B are cheap to l ive in.C are spread across the country.

5 'Big City Bargains'are ci t ies whichA are cheap to l ive in.B are expensive to live in.C have a low standard of Iiving.

6 Cit ies at the bottom of the l istA don't real ise that there is a orobtem.B have a lot of people who do not work.C are cheap to l ive in.

7 Young single people look for c i t iesA where they can get good jobs.

B where there are a lot of oarks andmuseums.

C which are cheap to l ive in.8 Older people are not so interested in

A parks and museums.B the pr ice of houses.C the cost of l iv ing.

6

Vocabulary I compound nouns

Complete the sentences with compound nounsfrom the box.

answering machine washing machinecentraI heat ing air condit ioningvideo player alarm clocl< burglar alarmmobi le phone

2

3

4

Could I borrow your -? I need to wake upearly tomorrow.Can you put al l the dir ty clothes in the -?It's hot! Shatt v{'e turn on the -?My f lat is very cold because the - isn' tworking.You can cal l her on her The number iso776 237658They stole everything. We've got a - butI forgot to switch it on.

z Shan wasn't at home but I tef t a message onner

8 Have you got a -so we can watch thisfilm? We've only got a DVD.

Pronunciation I compound nouns

2 a, Choose the best word to comptete the rule:

In compound nouns, the stress is usually on the

firstlsecond part. Sometimes it is on both parts'

b GKD Listen and marl< the stress in thesecompound nouns. Which three compoundnouns have the stress on both Parts?

credit card table tennis T-shir tsciencef ict ion earr ing sunglassestraffic [ights mother tongue parl<ing meterdiningroom baby-si t ter brother- in- lawfirst aid

Gramm&f I future probabitity

3' , Put the words in the correct order to mal<esentences.

r at probabty party you ' [ [ the see We.

z not He want might come to.

3 airport us may They at meet the.

+ cal l Simmons the Mrs about contract might.

5 for you table eight book, please o'c lockCould a ?

6 you buy Do house think you the might ?

7 week I be unt i l next won't probabty back .

Complete the sentences with verbs fromthe box.

won't arr ive might come could' t [ probably need might becomewon't need may have '[[ rain

7

2

3

The manager probably - unt i l later.

I can' t f ind my umbre[[a. Do you think i t

A: When is Marc coming to see us?

B: Perhaps this weekend. He - onSaturdav.

Bring the map with you. We - i t to f indtheir house.I haven't been welt recently. | - to go tohospitat .

There is nobody here today. - you cal lback next week?

7 You can take the laptop. I probabtyit today.

8 He's very good at running. He - aprofessional.

Formal phone calls

5 a Delete the extra word in each line of thedialogue.

I Cood morning. Sonny Korean Banks Ltd.Can I to hetp you?

! fhank you. I ' t t jus t pu t you th rough. In onemomenl .

! Certainty so.

! Yes, this is Jasper Coff in. I 'm returning for hiscal[ .

f Yes, I'd very [ike to speak to Mr Allen, p[ease.

I l 'rn afraid he's on the other [ine at themoment. Would you l ike to cal l he back later?

I wtuy I ask who's cal l ing me, ptease?

f Coutd he calt me at the office, on oo52 4279835? l ' t l be here always unt i lseven p.m.Thanl< you. Goodbye.

I Coutd l to leave a message?

f Goodbye.

b Number the l ines o f the d ia logue in thecorrect order.

e &W Listen and check your answers.

6

Readinga Read the art ic le and match the headingsto paragraphs A-D.

How your house wi l l change IPredictions that were wrong !Your clothes wi l t know where you are !Changes in information technotogy I

2020 - how technologywil l rule our l ives

When Thomas Watson, the founder of lBM,was asked in 1943 how he viewed the futureof technology, he famously repl ied that one daythere might be a worldwide market ' for maybef ive computers' . H G Wells, on the other hand,predicted in 1901 that the publ ic transport ofthe future would probably consist of a system ofmoving wdlkways, where people would step fromwalkway to walkway to get to their dest inat ion.Neither of these technological predict ions hasbeen very accurate, so what do we think wi l l real lychange? The answer is probably not that we wi l lhave lots of new invent ions, but that informationtechnology wi l l t ransform our day-to-day l ives. Thebig trend that is gorng to change things is the waywe transmit information. In other words. by 2020everythrng large enough to carry a microchip wi l lprobably have one, and from there the possibi l i t iesare endless.We could have fridges that can read the use-by date on the mi lk. and order more when youneed i t . We could be sent gas bi l ls that includean electronic reminder to pay them. We couldwash our clothes in washing machines that contactservice engineers when there is a problem. Themachine would then automatical ly arrange at ime for the engineer to come after f inding a freeday in your electronic diary. Even br icks could befitted with electronic identifiers. so that whenan architect walks round a half- f in ished schoolor hospital an image of the bui lding appearsautomatical ly on his laptop.We may use, other devices which automaticallychange your mobi le phone to di f ferent sett ings,depending on whether you are in your work orcasual c lothing. No more work cal ls in the pub,and no more footbal l text messages in the middleof business meetings. Does this al l sound a bi tf r ightening? Well , don' t worry. Just remember thateven H G Wells got the future wrong!

b Marl< the statements true (T) or fatse (F)according to the art ic le.

r Thomas Watson thought that in the futureeveryone would have computers. !

z In the future more objects wi l l probabty carrymicrochips. !

3 Fr idges wi[ [ order your mitk. !4 l t is possibte that the washing machine wit l

rx rrserr. | |5 We might f ind microchips in the wa[[s of

bu i td ings . I6 We wi l l probably have to wear the same

clothes at work and when we go out. !

e Complete the sentences with the words inbold from the art ic le.

r There is a new in mobi le phone r ingIOnes.

z I need to change the _ on my phone.I t 's too quiet.

3 You should check the on that cheese.I bought i t three weel<s ago!

+ The best thing about l iv ing in Lisbon is the. l t is so easy to get around.

5 We should send them a _ to pay the bi t l .6 I 've just bought a new _. l t 's much better

than my old computer l

3

4

C omp aratives/sup erlatives/adjectives for describing plrces

3 Complete the sentences using comparative/superlative forms of the adjectives in brackets.r | love the ltalian countryside. lt 's even

I expected. (picturesq ue)z Rio carnivaI is fantastic. lt 's probably

carnival in the world. (tivety)

The tsunami hi t some of thebeaches in Asia. (unspoit t )

4 The week we spent in a Buddhist tempte wasprobably the _ _ week in my l i fe.(peacefu t)Those otd blocks of f lats make the area look

. (ustv)I t 's a resident ial area with nothing to do there.It',s _ part of the city. (dult)

z I think i t would look better i f i t were(modern)

8 They have stopped cars dr iv ing in the centre,so now i t is much . (pottuted)

My mother- in- law cleaned the house. l t 's _than it has ever been before! (ctean)

The town was so busy. lt 's much _than it was a few years ago. (touristy)

4 The compound nouns are in the wrongsentences. Rewri te the sentences putt ing thecompound nouns in the correct places.

r I didn' t wake up in t ime because I forgot to setmy washing machine.

z lt 's cold in here. Let's turn on the air-condit ioning.

t When she opened the door the video recorderwent off and soon the ool ice arr ived.

4 | lef t a message on your centra[ heat ing.

s I don' t have anything to wear because myclothes are al [ in the alarm clock.

6 Can you set the burglar alarm to record thisf i lm at nine o'c lock?

7 My new car has mobi le phone which I usewhen i t is real ly hot.

8 Can I borrow your answering machine? | needto call my office.

Compound nouns

78

910

7t

72

Lifestyle

Reorder the letters and make words tocomplete the sentences.r She tives in a of flats. (ctokb)2 My apartment is on the fifth and there's

no lift. kotof)It is a residentiat . (eara)

My lifestyte is rather _ at the moment.(techic)

Look out of the window. What a fantastic_t (wiev)

They tive a long way from the centre, in the(burssub)

It's a lovely house, a bit -. (tdo-saofinehd)

There is a park near here, with a _ forchi ldren. (gortandyup)

It's a great city - very (vitety)

We go out a [ot, because we likebtuncibe)' ' tThe office is on the _ of town. (sutsorikt)

Shal lwe have breakfast on the ?(ctanybo)

Present Continuous, going tolwillfor future

2 Correct the mistakes in the fot towing sentences.

r A: Are you going to Spain again this year?

B: No. We going to Greece instead.z I don' t think I go to the cinema tonight because

I 'm too t i red.

f Who is meet us at the airport?

4 We gett ing marr ied in June.

5 A: Have you decided which one you want tobuy yet?

B: Yes. I wit l to take this one, please.

6 We're going see Andrea tomorrow. Do you wantto come with us?

7 A: l 'm really hungry.B: OK. I 'm going to make us some lunch now.

8 A: What are you doing at the weekend?B: We wi l lgo to vis i t my mother- in-taw.

' g Do you wi l l come with us to the off ice?ro Can you tettJonathan I see him later?rr Do you'coming to Madrid to watch the

footbal[?rz Sue is leave for Brazi l and I 'm not going to

See ner anv more.

Future probability

5 Write sentences using the prompts. Include thewords in bracl<ets.

r We/see you/ in the restaurant. (probabty)z Do you think/she/say'yes,? (might)

r I think/ l /be late/for the lesson. (going)

4 Youi need/to change money. (definitety not)5 They/ask youlfor your passport. (certainly)6 We/not/get an answer/untiI tomorrow. (may)

t l lcaII her again in the morning. (def ini tety)s She/arr ive/at any t ime. (coutd)

9 Helga/go/to Russia next year. (probabty not)ro He/accept/the job he was offered. (might not)u We/stay/for long. (probabty not)rz l /contact l them/unt i t I know/the answer.

(certainly not)

Prefixes and suffixes6 Use prefixes and suffixes to complete

the dialogyes.r A: How's your new job?

B: Terr ible. I 'm _worked and underpaid.z A: I haven't seen your gir l f r iend for a long

t ime. How is she?B: I don' t know She's my_- gir l f r ieno now.

3 A: I 'm afraid I can' t make the meetingtomorrow.

B: That 's not a problem. We can _arrange i t .A: Do you get on with your new flat-mate?B: He's OK, but he's very mess_.A: I paid over f5,ooo for the insurance.B: That 's unbel iev IA: | love it here. lt 's so quiet.

B: Yes. lt 's very peace_.A: Where is Saskia?B: I don't know. lt 's _usual for her to be [ate.A: This is a table for s ix peopte, but we bookeo

for twelve.B: I think there's been a _understanding.A: I wrote the song myself.B: Did you? That's very creat IA: I can' t cut this.B: Try this kni fe. This one is use for

cutt ing meat.

How to.. .

7 a Write one or two words from the box tocomplete each l ine of the diatogue.

Could Can about i t 's put asknot ca[[ the [ i l<e leave One

r Good morning. Casa Bruno. I hetp you?z he cal l me back? My mobi le number is ot797

202345

3 Hel lo. I 'd to speak to Mr Marconi, please.

4 l ' [ [ you th rough. moment .

5 Yes, Gabriel la Salt in i . I 'm cai l ing the newdesigns.

6 May I who's cal l ing?

7 C a n l a m e s s a g e ?8 I 'm afraid he's here at the moment. Would vou

l ike to back later?

9 Certainly. What's message?

b Put the l ines in Ex.7a in the correct order.

Use the prompts in bracl<ets to complete thesecond sentence so that i t means the same asthe first.

r juan is much ta[[er than Diego.

. (as)z London is more expensive than New york.

New York (cheap)

3 More tour ists vis i t Glasgow now than they didten years ago.Glasgow before. (touristy)I have never seen a ci ty which is morepicturesque than Florence.Florence (most)

5 ' Los Angeles is more pol luted than SanFrancisco.San Francisco

6 Most ci t ies are dir t ier than Singapore.Singapore is (one)

7 More things happen in Shanghai nowadays.Shanghai recently. (busier)

8 The west coast of the is land has not had somany visi tors.The west coast . (unspoi l t )

9 Terrorist activity has meant that tife in cities ismore oangerous.Due to terrorist activity, lifebefore. (safe)

ro The otd gat lery was not as modern as the newone.

ot)

The new gal lery (modern)

Vocabulary I time and money collocations

Cross out the endings which are not possible.

r Don't go to that film! lt 's a waste of time Ithoughtl money.

z That man stole my moneylbicycleltime.

I Joining a gym is a good way to spend your

time lmoneylhobby.She earned our time f our thanks llots of

money.I can't go on hotiday. I haven't gotany time

to spare f money to spore lchance to spare.

Can you lend me some timelsome moneylyour car?

3

Gramm&f I question tags

4 a Complete each sentence with a quest ion tag,

then match them to the Pictures.

r You haven't eaten spaghetti before,

z You haven't used chopsticks before, -?

3 You didn' t revise, -?

4 You've never played the violin before, -?

5 You're not nervous, -?6 You arrived from Russia, -?

h Match the questions r-6 to the answers a-f.

a Yes, I did. lt was snowing when I teft. !b No, I 'm not. I iust don' t t ike heights. !c Yes, I did. But l th ink I 'm in the wrong

rooml !d Yes, I have, but it didn't taste this good. fe No, I haven't. I 've always used a fork. ff No, I haven't . But I 'm a fast tearner ' !

5 Match the question tags a-1, on the next page,

to the sentences r- tz.

r We're going home now, fz You'l[ be back tomorrow, !

3 She has eaten atreadY, !

4 I 'm on the t ist , I

5 You're from Ghana, I6 He won't shoot, f

7 They worl< here, !8 We stayed here before, I

9 You eat meat, Iro She ptays the guitar, Im They were in your ctass, !rz I passed my exam, f

Vocabulary I phrasal verbs

2 Complete the paragraph with verbs from thebox. Change the tense where necessary.

break up picl< up worl< out catch uPrun out end up droP out

Life-changer: Steve Riddell tells us

how a bad time turned good

I was having the worst t ime of my [ i fe. I d iustG) - with my girtfriend and (z) - of

university. I needed to (3) - what I was going

to do with the rest of my tife. So I went travelling

around South America. The idea was to keep

travelling until | (+) - of money. After a few

months ld (S) - some Span ish and made

some fr iends in Colombia. We went our separate

ways, but later I decided to (6) - with them in

Cati . What a fantast ic place! I () - l iv ing there

for ten years!

Correct the mistakes in each of thesesentences.

r Do you know the answer? | can' t work i t on

ouI.

z When I was [ iv ing in Germany I pic l<ed some

German.

3 | hated universi ty so I dropped i t out.

4 I missed some lessons but I caught quickty

by working at night.

5 He was a br i t t iant young scient ist and he

ended working for the government.

6 Unfortunatety, Lisa and I broke it up last week.

7 Oh no! We've run of mitk. Can you go and buy

some?

a

b

c

d

e

f

ch

i

il(

I

didn' t we?don't you?

aren' t we?wit t he?doesn't she?won't you?

d idn ' t l?aren' t l?aren' t you?

hasn't she?don't they?weren't they?

Listening6 lD Nancy Bryant, a fraud prevention officer,

is tal l<ing about how to stop f inancial crime.Listen to the recording, then answer the

Listen to Parts r , z and 3. Number these topicsin the order Nancy talks about them.'ph ish ing '

ffeatures of secure websites f]invest ing your money !her job !Internet fraud !shopp ing on t ine !

Listen to each part separately, then answerthe quest ions.

Part rr What does Nancy do in her job?

z Why is lnternet fraud easier for cr iminalsthese days?

Part z

3 What does Nancy say about cheap offersfor Internet shoppers?

4 What two things should you never give overthe Internet?

Part 35 What is phishing?

6 What two features tell us a website isprobably safe?

TAPESCRIPT

Part rl : Nancy, f raud is becoming more and more common.

Every day we hear of new cases of people losinglarge amounts of money.

N: That's right.I : And your job is . . .?N: My job is to tet l the pubt ic what 's happening, and

exptain how to stop fraud.l : The main area you' re work ing on now is Internet

fraud. ls that right?N: That's right. For criminats, Internet fraud is easier

because it 's so impersonat. In the otd days they hadto make fake cheques and to be actors. Now they cansteaI money wi thout ever meet ing thei r v ic t ims.

Part zl: Nancy, what can we actually do to prevent Internet

trau0 (

N: Many th ings. F i rs t ly , be carefu l about shoppingonline. lf someone offers you something incredibtycheap, then that 's a dangerous s ign. Or i f you seean offer asking you to invest your money now, becarefut. Most reaI investment opportunities don'twork l ike this. They don't come tooking for strangersover the Internet.What about g iv ing your deta i ls over the net?Never give bank account numbers or passwords overthe net .

Part 3N: There is a t r ick used by cr iminals cat ted 'phishing ' :

p, h, i , s , h , i , n , g.Phishing? What's that?It 's when you receive an email that says it 's from afamous company. The emait atways says 'Urgent'!

And it asl<s for your details - it asks for yourpassword and other information. And it says, if youdon' t do th is in z4 hours, your account wi l l c lose.Now, often these emaits look very professiona[. Theymay have links to real websites. But they are fakes.It 's easy to fake a website, easy to steal logos andcopy websites. Anyway, of course the victim panicsand gives his information and this is where theproblem starts.

l: You mention fake websites. lf we're shopping online,how do we know the website is secure? How do weknow it's safe?

N: Two things. The order form should have the letters'ht tps 'at the top of the screen. The's 'means i t 's asecure s i te that h ides your in format ion. The seconothing is to look for an image of a lock or a key at thebot tom of the screen. These usua[ [v mean the s i reis safe.

t :N :

t :N :

Voca,bulary I personat qualities

Write the words in the correct ptaces and find

the hidden word.Hiddenword

7,

2

Managers have to be good - People'

She's real ly She bel ieves in her own

abitit!.He's - . He Plans to be the most famous

singer in the world.

Pol i t ic ians have to - long hours.

Teachers need to be - and to respect

other peopte's oPinions.

Potice officers have to be - because they

work at a[ [ hours of the night and day.

Our boss is real[y He's always giving

us presents.

Financial consuttants need to be good with

4

5

9 The boss is very -. He never lets us have

a hotidaY or extra PaY.ro Actors need a good - of humour'

Hidden word: Att workers shoutd known their

strengths and -.

Gramm&f I modalverbs

2 Correct the mistakes.

r You must to come here now.

z I 've f in ished. What I should do now?

" 3 You don't must smoke in the off ice'

4 You haven't to wear a sui t , but you can i f you

want to.

5 Shouldn' t You to be at home now?

5 Am I have to buy a ticket?

z She doesn't have to cteaning her room every

day; onlY at weekends.

8 Our boss have to be in the off ice at 7 'ooa'm'

9 | must going to the stat ion now'

ro We ate don't have to walk' We can take the car'

3 Read the short texts and choose the correctalternatives.

use the lnternet mainly for studying.

z Peonle don't have tohave to/should be quiet here'

Ad u tts an d chi [d ren sh o uld /m ustn't/ca n't take

either one or two tabtets.

Ad u tts an d child ren m ustn't/sh o uld /d o n't take

more than twelve tablets in one day.

5 ) t u u g f f [ 5 I l u v c L u / u u t I L I t u v E L v l I I

pets in the houses.

6 Students should/have to/mustn'tcheck their maiI everY daY.

Chitdren aged eight and otder don' t have

to/mustn'thave to go with an adult.

Students have to/don't have to/musfn'f keep

78

Writing4 Put the sentences in the correct order to mal<e

two letters. The first letter is an invitation'

The second let ter is the resPonse.

Dear Mr MishovskY, fWe look forward to hearing from you. !I am afraid I am unable to attend due to a

business tr iP in Switzertand. fDear Mites Broom, l-lI have enclosed a form with further information

which you can also use to reserve ptaces. !

Yours sincerely,

Reuben MishovskY f]

I do hope the evening goes wett . !I am wri t ing to invi te you to our annuaI dinner

in the Atr ium Restaurant on rgth luty. f

Yours sincerelY,

Mites Broom fThe dinner wi l t begin at 8.oo. !Thank you for the invi tat ion to the annual

dinner. !

Pronunciation5 a W Listen to the sentences below. Marl< the two stressed

syllables in each sentence.We mustn't be late.r I have to work.z We should go to poland.

3 Do I have to sing?

4 | must get home.

5 You don't have to leave.6 You shou ldn ' t do tha t .

7 fhey mustn' t dr ive there.8 l t doesn't have to be big.

fu Listen again and repeat the sentences.

b Read the text again and selectthe best meaning of these wordsand phrases.

t To blow money meansA to spend money intett igent ly.B to spend money qu ick ty and

foot ishty.z Go on a spending spree means

A to buy a lot of things very quickty.B to have an expensive hot iday.

3 Winnings meansA the money you save.B pr ize money.

4 Jackpot meansA a targe amount of money that you

can wtn .B a pot where you keep money.ln debt meansA wi thout a job .

B you owe (have to pay) money tosomeone, o r to an ins t i tu t ion .

Life savings meansA money for saving your t i fe ( i f you

have togo to hospital) .

B al t the money you have saved.

Reading6 &

2

3

4

56

7

8

Read the text. Are the sentences below true (T) or false (F)?Wi t l iam Johnstone knew how to buy th ings overthe Internet. |_l

t -I ne person who was se l l ing the aerop lane sent i t toWi l l iam's home. IBi t [ Davies thought he was going to win a lot of money. IMany o ther peop le had chosen the same winn ing numbersas Davies. !Ridley Toowomba spent al l of his lot tery money in two months. IToowomba is sad because he is not r ich now. !Samantha Brown knew there was some monev hidden inthe mattress. !Mr and Mrs Brown lost f r8,ooo. !

Vocabulary I opposites

1 Complete the unf inished words.

Successful (r) ad share many commonetements. They are clear, honest and informative.They answer the quest ions: who, what, where,when, why and how? The ad's message usual lyanswers these quest ions: why wit t this product(z) succ where others (l) fa ? Why shoutd(4) buv keep returning to this product? Peoplewit t (s) respo to an ad only i f they see somekind of (6) rewa in i t for them. For example,ads often suggest that unless you (7) bu thisproduc t , you w i t lappear un fash ionabte . But i f you

buy i t , you wi l tbe loved and admired.

2 Choose the best words to complete thesentences.

r The company advertsladvertisesf consumesregutatty on TV and [oca[ radio.

z The rewardfrespondfsuccess ofthe proiectdepends on us .

3 We usually selll consume lfoil about 4,ooocopies of this magazine every month.

4 This responses I punish lproducf is very popularin Ch ina .

5 Our business succeedslproduceslrewardsf i f teen types of mater ial for curtains.

6 Drinks comoanies make some of the bestpunishments lbuyers I odvertisements on fY.

7 The population failslrespondsf consumesnearly roo,ooo tons of rice every year.

8 When we introduced our new perfume, thepublic response I sellers I reward was fantastic.

9 Oirr company rewardsf succeedslfailstheworkers' creativity.

ro The average failure lbuyerladvertisemenf of ourjeans is female and around sixteen years old.

Pronunciation I word stress

3 e m Listen to the recording. Marl< thestress on the words in botd.

r lt was a great advertisement.z We'll advertise on TV.

3 | complained but they didn' t respond.

4 She won a reward.

5 | feet tike a failure!

5 | knew you'd succeed.

7 Now you're a success!

e What a terr ible punishment!

b Listen again to checl<, then listen and repeat.

Grammat I if lwnenf unlessias soon asff i rst condit ional

4 Choose the correct al ternat ives.

r As soon osllf you arrive, will you call me?

z lflUnless you eat better food, you won't getsick.

3 As soon as I Unless you work harder, you won'tpass the exam.

a l f lWhen you wake up tomorrow, you' l l seesnow.

5 As soon asllf she tiked that book, she'[[ loveth is one!

6 lf lUnless we find a taxi right now, we'[l missthe o lane.

t IJnlessl l f I see Dave, I ' t t tet l him you cal led.

e WhenlUnless you go on hol iday, wit tyou sendme a postcard?

9 l f lUnless you you take an umbrei la, you won'tget wet.

rc When lUnless you get home we'[l 'r"a:ch a DVD.

5 Match the two hatves of the senterces, i -7to a-9.

r l f the s tudents ge t undet 5 : : : " : : - : - : -ef ina texam, I

z We won't give you a ref ' - i

3 l f you have prob lems rE. . : - := - -= - ' - : s , !

4 Un less you pay fo r t - : - - t : l , f r - - - - ' - - '

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days, IWe w i t t con t i nue to : . : - : - : - : - : ; = : -= !T h e c o m m i t t e e w i i , ' : i ' ' - * : - -

When you subsc r : i e : : i l r : f r , ! - : : - -

The tax i w iL l p i ck i : - - : -

a as soon as i t ma<:s -s : : - ; : -

b un less you br ing i r : - : : : : :

c you w i t l benef i t i " ; * - -= : : - " : i - ' r= - iY

d

e

Development.we w i t t emai tyo- - : : : ' : : - ' : : : : r , r i . ' l

t h p v w n n ' t h p a - = ' ^ - - - , : - : ' - : - : ' - 3 , € l

of the c lass .

when you f in is - r ' , : ' ,

o u r o f f i c e w o ' ' : : : l : : - : r - : - : * : : : , : -a seat.

u n l e s s y o u t e . r - ; : - : : r ' l - - - I - i i " , \ s ito receive it"

f

c

6 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.Include the pronouns where necessary.

r A: | _ (not be) home for dinner unless(finish) my work.

B: As soon as _ (know) i f you're coming,(phone) me?

z A: Where _ you _ (go) if you _(take) a hotidav?

B: l f _ (have) enough money, l_ (vis i t )my aunt in Canada.

A: When you _ (graduate), _ (become)a pgofessor?

B: lf | _ (find) a iob, it _ (not be) as aprofessor. l ' t l be a research assistant f i rst .

A: We _ (be) stuck here for hours unless(turn) off the motorwav.

B: lf we _ (not find) a restaurant, we _(die) of hunger.

Reading7 &

1

2

3

b7

2

3

4

56

G

Read the text and t ick the best heading.The dangers of advert is ing !Using computers to fot tow animals !The future of the personat ised ad !

Which paragraph tel ls us:

what RFID is? !about potent ial probtems of RFID? [how the future of advert is ing is seen ina movie? !how shops intend to use RFID? !how RFID is used now? fhow government and businesses mav useRFID in the future? !

Write T (true) or F (fatse).

RFID tags are:1 very smatl . !

used for fol lowing the movements ofan imats . Iused as weapons by the US Departmentof Defence. !

4 in a l tc lo thes . !used by some commercial companiesatready. !dangerous for the heatth of workers. !

Question tags

What would you say to a fr iend? Comptete thesentences using a quest ion tag. Use the ideasin bracl<ets.

r The sky is black and i t 's raining heavi ly.(horribte day)It's

z Your fr iend is looking thinner than usua[.(lose weight)You'veYou're l istening to a boring radio show. (notvery interesting)This ?You think your fr iend secret ly ate your lastchocolate. (ate)

You are saying goodbye to a friend who isgoing travelling. (write to me)You wi l lYou are looking for your sunglasses. (see)

You haven't \

?Your fr iend is at your barbecue. You think sheis a vegetarian. (eat meat)You don'tYou are checking that your fr iend knows howto drive. (can)

You

9 You are talking about your first ever teacher.(wonderfut)

She wasro You check that your fr iend st i t l runs regular ly

(every day)You st i t l

Question tags and modals ofobligation

2 Correct the sentences. Either add a word orcross out a word.

r We should to br ing f lowers, shouldn' t we?z You don't have to freeze this food, you?

3 | need to send Judith an emai l , l?..4 We mustn't have write in the book, must we?

5 They shouldn' t arr ive so [ate, should not they?6 He has go to class now, doesn't he?

Z She doesn't have to be wear a hat, does she?8 | must invi te Samue[, l?

9 You have to memorise the password, haven'tdon' t you?

ro None of us has should be worr ied. should we?

Modals of obligation/firstconditional

3 Complete the second sentence so that i t meansthe same as the first. Use two to four words.

r Unless we eat early, there won't be any foodleft. (lf)

eat early, there won't be any food [eft.

lmmediately after you arr ive, you wi[ [ receivea ticket. (as)

You wi[[ be given a ticket _ you arrive.I t 's not necessary for us to book a place onthe course. (have)

We _ book a place on the course.l f I dr ink too much coffee. I ' l [ be awake at lnight. (be)

able to sleeo i f I dr ink too much coffee.It's a good idea to calI the office first. (phone)

We the office first.Ptaying bat l games is forbidden here. (mustn' t)

You _ ba[[ games here.She can take the test i f she wants to. but i tisn't obligatory. (have)

She the test.He won't come to the meeting unless i t 's real lynecessary. (come)

He _ to the meeting if it 's really necessary.You should wash your hands before you eat. (eat)

You _ before washing your hands.When I teave universi ty, I ' t lgo abroadimmediately. (soon)

l'[[ go abroad _ | leave university.

Circle the correct words.

Unless we buylwill buy a phone card, we won'tlwi l l be able to cal l home.lf lAs soon ds you don't like rneat, you rvon'tfdon't enioy this restaurant.When you will passlpass the clne.na, you willtolwillsee an Internet cafe. Tum left there.Will youlYou will call me as soon asyou willknowlknow the answer?Unlessllf they don't take cnediit cards, r'*ewon'tf con't be able to pay.

It will ldoesn'f be great for Eurooe when thesecountries joinlwillioin the Eti.Technotogy will I won't develop if I're out ! willput money into it.When I lf you reach the age o.f r7, ,,'r'e l'rillorganise I organrse driving lessons for you.UnlesslWhen that bag lveigtrs lLess than tenkilos, you won'tlwill be abte to take it.Won't youlYou won't fal[offyoirr blcvcie if youwon'tldon't use your hands?

You

4

Vocabulary

6

Phrasal verbs and time/moneycollocations

5 Cross out the word/phrase that can' t fol low thephrasal verb.

r I broke up with my boyfriend lour relationship Imy wife.

z They dropped out of fhe lesson lcollege lschool.3 We had to work out the answerlwhat to dol

quickly.

4 I picked up my errorsf mony skillslsomevocabulary.

5 We ran out of timellifelmoney.6 She caught up with her timelhimlher work.7 He ended up working herelin hospitollfinalty.8 | don't get on with him lmy bosslmy shoes.9 They put up with fhe noiselthe opportunityl

the weather.ro They knocked down fhe carlthe waltlne

house.\

Find pairs of opposites in the box. Answer thequestions using the words/expressions.

reward time to spare successbuyer produce use money wiselynot worth the moneyrespond to an advertisementfai lure punishment se[[er consumenot enough t ime advert ise waste monevgood value for money

Who spends money in a shop? A buyerr What do you have if you're early? _z What do you get i f you commit a cr ime?

A

What do you think i f something is exce[[entand cheap? l t 's _What do companies do to sett more of theirproducts? _What do eaters, dr inkers and buvers do?What do you win i f you do something good?

7 What do you have i f you or your company doessomething wel l? _What do you think i f something is expensiveand bad? l t 's

9 What do you do i f you spend money on stupidthings?What do you have i f you're in a hurry ( in arush) ?

7

8 at

2

3

4

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9

10

56

Confusing wordsWhich sentence in each pair is correct?r A I have an interest ing work.

B I have an interest ing job.z A Remind me to buy mitk tomorrow.

B Remember me to buy mitk tomorrow.I A I don' t want to lose this show.

B I don' t want to miss this show.+ A She said me about your problem.

B She told me about your problem.

5 A Can you tend me some money?B Can you borrow me some money?

6 A He robbed a famous museum.B He stole a famous museum.A How was your travel?B How was your tr ip?A Ski ing is always fun.B Ski ing is always funny.A Can I rent an umbrel la?B Can I borrow an umbrel la?A He is two metres tal[.B He is two metres high.

How to ...

Correct the mistakes.

I having a party on Friday. !Are you t ike to come? !I am wri t ing invi te you to the Annual Mason'sBal l . !I 've attach a map, so you can f ind my placeeasity! fCome any t ime after dur ing S.oo. !Dinner wit t be served to at 8.3o. !| love to come to your party! !lwi t t be pleased attend the Choralsocietv 'sAGM. TSorry, I don' t make i t because I 've got anotherparty to go to. !I am afraid I am unable to attend due fora previous engagement. !

h Which sentences are formal (F)? Which areinformal ( l )? Put F or I in the boxes.

Complete the crossword.

Vocabulary I free time activities

r They ars used to protect the hands.

4 Japanese mart ial art .

5 Indoor racquet game played with a sma[[ bal l .6 Exercise class with music.8 Place where people play tennis.

9 Outdoor activity with ftowers!ro Water sport in which you catch your dinner!rz Place where people lift weights.

Downz Team game with six players and a bal l .

3 Someone that ptays against you.

5 Sea sport with a board.

7 Sport with bicyctes.m l t 's used for separat ing two vol leyba[[ teams.

3 Use the prompts to complete the dialogues. Usethe Present Perfect Simple or Cont inuous. Wri tetwo, three or four words in each space.

r A: I met Ravi ten years ago.B: So you - Ravi for ten years. (know)

z A: Can't you find your glasses?

B: No. I them for hours. ( took for)

3 A: You look tired.B: | _ since eight in the morning. (run)

4 A: Where have you been?B: | _ on my computer in my room. (play)

5 A: Do you l ike my new CD?B: | _ it yet, so I don't know. (hear)

6 A: She's got a dr iv ing lesson tomorrow.B: How long _ to drive? (learn)

7 A: I'm having a party tomorrow.B: How many people _7 (invite)

Pronunciation I contractions

4 El Listen and ticl< the sentences you hear.

r A John's been working. !B John's working. !

z A Have you been eat ing? !B Have you eaten? ll

3 A I 've painted i t . I B I painted i t . f4 A I 've been reading. ! e I 'm reading. I5 A We tost. ! B We've tost. !6 A She's f in ished. !

B She hasn't f in ished. I7 A Are you seeing her? !

B Have you seen her? f8 A I 've done the work. !

B I haven't done the work. f

How to .. .5 Choose the best response.

r A: What sha[[ we do tonight?B; Or we could do this.lWhy don't we go to

the cinema?z A: I think Kew is the nicest olace in London.

B: I'm not sure about that.lSholl we try these?

3 A: The problem with that restaurant is that it 'sexoensive.

B: That's a good idea.lSo wouldn't it be betterto eat of home?

4 A: Does anyone have any ideas about what todo today?

B: Let's go with that.lShall we try a museum?

Grammar: Present Perfect Simplevs Continuous

2 Choose the correct verbs.

r She's finished lbeen finishing her book. Shewrote the final page last night.

z l've watchedlbeen watching this film for anhour now and I don' t understand anything!

, 3 l 'm exhausted because l've workedlbeenworking since 5a.m.

4 We've gone lbeen going to samba classessince June. l t 's fun. Why don't you come?

5 How long have you knownlbeen knowingClara?

6 Your tennis is getting better. Have youp racti se d I b e e n p racti si n g?

7 That was the best film l've ever seen lbeenseeing.

Reading and listeningW Read and l isten to the story. Then answer the questions.

Mr Dobidees was a genius. A total , onehundred percent genuine genius. At least, thatis what Mr Dobidees said. ' l 'm a genius, ' he regulartyannounced on t ra ins , on buses , in ca fes and in c inemas.Even now, Mr Dobidees was hard at work being a genius.Paintbrush in hand, he sat by the bank of the River Volgart ,watching the magnif icent ci ty with i ts cur ls of smoke r is ingabove the bui ldings. He l istened as the church betts began theirsong, and he started paint ing. But after ten minutes, he stopped.Annoying! ' he said. 'Very annoying! 'A bird nearby walked in aperfect c irc le. 'Hmm,'said Mr Dobidees, i th is is iust too annoying. 'The probtem wasn't the bird, but the sun. The sun kept moving.So every t ime Mr Dobidees tr ied to paint a shadow or the l ine ofa buitding or the colours ofthe trees, they changed because thesun changed them. l t was the sun's faul t . The sun didn' tunderstand genius.Arr iv ing home annoyed, Mr Dobidees sat at his desk and began towrite his novel. lt was going to be the greatest (and longest) novetever wri t ten. He had already bought one thousand pieces of paper topr int the novel on, and he already had the t i t le: / Genius speaks. Hisfingers hovered above the keyboard, ready to type the first words ofthe f i rst chapter, but then something strange happened.The telephone rang.Mr Dobidees jumped out of his seat. Who coutd i t be? He stoodby the tetephone and watched i t r inging. Eventua[[y, he pickedit up. Si tence. No one there. He sat down again. But by now hisconcentrat ion was gone. Geniuses and telephones should neverbe in the same room, he decided, so he got up and went to hismus ic room.The music room wasn't real ly a music room at a[. l t was a targe whitespace with a piano in the centre. Mr Dobidees sat at the piano, anda l ist went through his head: Beethoven, Mozart , Bach, Tchaikovsky,Dobidees. 'This is the moment the world has been wait ing for, ' hesaid to himself . He breathed deepty. He raised his hands. But justbefore he coutd begin, a noise stopped him. A noise from insidehimself . He froze. What was i t? l t happened again. His stomach wasmak ing no ises ! 'Th is i s ex t remely unusua l , 'he sa id . .Unusuat , 'herepeated. And he kept repeat ing i t al t the way to the supermarlcet,where he bought a loaf of bread, a packet of cheese, eight onions,a banana and three tomatoes. When he got home he was hungry.After eat ing some food washed down with a good hot cup of tea, hesa id to h imset l ' l 'm a gen ius . Gen ius . Me. Dob idees . Gen ius . 'Outside, a dog barked. A cat s lept. The annoying sun shone.The wor:td kept turning.

Write T (true) or F (false).

Mr Dobidees bel ieves he isa gen ius . !He couldn' t paint the ci tybecause o fa b i rd . fHe has wri t ten one thousanopages ofa novet. I

4 He had a phoneconversat ion. I

5 He thinl<s he wit t be a greatcomposer . !

6 He went shopping becausehe was hungry. !

!a Find words in the story thatm e a n :

r said in pubt ic (v) _z the edge of a river (n)

3 very impressive (ad1)

4 floated in the air (v)

5 stopped moving completely(v) -

5 no ise made by a dog(v) -

e What do the fol lowing wordsrefer to?

r Line o7i i tsA the city'sB Mr Dobidees'sC the RiverVolgart 's

z Line t4: theyA Mr Dob ideesB the sun and the b i rdC a shadow or the l ine of abu i ld ing or the co lours o f ther r pac

3 Line r8: / fA his desk B his novelC paper

4 Line z5: itA his seat B the noverC the telephoneLine 3o: / fA the piano B the music roomC his concentrat ionLine 35: i fA a no ise B the moment theworld had been wait ing forC his stomachLine 38: i fA his stomachB the supermarketC ' U n u s u a l '

&

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3o

\Iocabulary I books and films

Find the key word.When actors are given voices in a foreign[anguage, the f i tm isA f i lm that fot lows ihe or iginaI f i lm, using thesame characters. \A manuscriot is made into a book when i t is

A sect ion of a novel.The main character or famous actor in a f i lm.

The name (of a book or f i tm).The story.The f i tm _ is the place where the f i tm ismaoe.The author of a play is the play's

An actor always tries to give a great

Music for a f i lm.

D back

redD bedD starD cardreaoyD back

key word

I

4

1 a ,7

b The key word is

Pronunciation I tnt tetlor/sounds

2 a Underl ine the two words which have thesame vowel sound.

A when B shark C bread

r A b a g B t a n C c a r Dz A h a r d B h e a d C s a d

I A s a i d B h a d C d e a d

4 A m a d B h e a r t C t e n

5 A f a r B r a n g C r a t D6 A s t a r t B p e t C p a r k

b @ Listen to the recordingto checkyouranswerS.

Gfamm&f I gerunds vs infinitives

3 Jenny Schubert , a book editot descr ibes her

iob. Put the verbs in the correct form: gerundor inf ini t ive.I love seeinq (see) a book begin to develop,and I try (r)_ (work) closely with the author.During the early stages, I invi te the author(z)_(have) dinner with me at home. Weusua[[y manage (t)_ (discuss) the bookwhi le eat ing.It sounds strange, but I'd like (+)_ (read)more for pleasure. I don't seem (5)_ (find) thet ime to read books outside my f ietd of work, andI hate (6)_ (start) books when I don't havet ime to f in ish them.I enjoy ()_ (speak) to young writers andI advise them (8)_ (read) as much as theycan. I also tetl them (9)_ (write) from theheart , about things that are important to them.I sometimes agree (ro)_ (took) at the workof a new author if I expect (r)_ (enioy) thebook, but I refuse bz)_ (read) new work ifit 's full of spe[[ing mistakes or badly-presented.

Choose a verb from the boxto complete thesentences. Put it into the infinitive or gerundform.

play (xz) be have study beat paint write

What do the stars do in thelr free time?

r Bitt Clinton adores _ the saxophone.z Madonna enjoys _ book.s for children.

3 Pau[ McCartney tries _ regutarty and hashad exhibitions of his paintings.

4 Robbie Williams is often inyited footbatlin celebri ty matches-

5 Gisele Bundchen toves vdleyball and wanted_ a p rofessional player-

6 Kytie Minogue loves Scrabbfu and regularlymanages writer, Salman Rushdie!

7 Serena Witliams designs ffircs and wouldtike _ her own fushion crlmpany.

8 Angelina Jotie finished to be a pilot inzoo4. She now fties heroum glane.

4

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910

!7

HOw tO . . . I descr ibe a f i lm or book

5 Complete the short reviews using the wordsin the box.

recommend\ about act charactersptot sequel stars set thing by

l\y louourite book(1)-.--_.- o1e tle

written l2)-.-.--._

it beouse it tolks

Wllton, ls

l've recently seen the X-Men film,whichI realty t iked.0h yes? What d id you l i l<e about i t?I thought i t was much bet ter than thecomic book. I loved the act ion.

Um ... I saw Spiderman. But I didn,t t i l<e itthat much.Did you prefer the comic?Yeah, I much preferred the comic to thef i lm. In the comic, the characters are morereal , whereas . . . um . . . in the f i lm, I d idn ' treal ly l i l<e the actor who ptayed Spiderman,the star . . . what 's h is name . . . is i t TobyMaguire?Toby Maguire, I th in l<, yes.He looked too young.

You saw Batman, didn't you?Batman, the movie? | loved it.Real ly? More than the comic?The comic is . . . t ike . . . real ty dark, setin this dark city, and it 's alt really tragicand everything, but the fitm is kind offunny. And I just loved Jack Nicholson'sperformance as the Joker.

I think both the Superman comic book andthe fitm were great.Yeah, me too.And | love the soundtrack.Yeah, it 's great, isn't it?I t 's one of the th ings I rememDer mostabout the fi lm, actually. y'know, that musicwhen he's flying above the city.Yeah.The sequels aren ' t so good, but the f i rs tf i lm's a classic.

7

Denise:

T,q$3€Se!{tpT

Interviewer:Denise:

Interviewer:Ahmed:

3Interviewer:El iza:

Interviewer:Glynn:Interviewer:Glynn:

Interviewer:Glynn:

Listening6 &W Listen to four conversations comparing

fi lms and comic bools. Complete the notes inthe tab le.

Speaker Title of f i lm/comic bool<

Opin ion

r Den ise X-Men The film wasthan the comic book.She loved the

z Ahmed He preferred theThe star

looked too3 El iza Batmon The comic is dar l<

but the f i lm isShe loved

the performanceof _.

4 Glynn He l i l<es the comicand the f i lm. Healso loves the

He doesn'tl i l<e _ as much.

Vocabulary I rood and eating out

a Find ten words connected with foodeat ing out.

b Use the words to complete the sentences.ls there a napkin? l've spilt my drink.There's one next to your plate.

r Would you like a _ of coffee?z ls included in the bitt?

Are you having a _? There's soup or pat6.

Did you enjoy your _?

No, it isn't. Let's leave the waiter a _.No, I never dr ink i t . But l ' i l have another _of wine, please.

We[[, the main course was del ic ious, but thewas too sweet.

d Yes, I ' l l have a _ of soup, please.

e Now pair the questions, r-4, with theresponses, a-d.

' ! ' ! 3 I 4 I

Gramm&f I countabte vs uncountable

3 Choose the correct words from the options below.

Horv to mqke

oubergine bokeThis is o s imple, del ic ious d ish whichdoesn't lqks (l)_ preporotion.You need 2 lorge oubergines,4 tomotoes, 2 onions, 1 green pepper,gorlic, 2 boiled eggs, cheese, ond solt.

Cut the oubergines into slices ondleove them in solty woter for20 minutes. Slice the tomoloes,onions, green pepper ond eggs.Grote the cheese.

Toke o lorge troy ond spreod 12)-

butfer on it. Ploce (3)- pieces ofoubergine on fhe troy, odd (a)-

gorlic, ond (5)_ l itt le bit of solt.Next, odd the tomotoes, onions,pepper ond (6)-cheese.

Repeot the steps odding onother loyerof the some ingredients. Put ihe slicedegg on top with 14- pepper. Add(B) of cheese this time ond ocouple of spoonfuls of oregono. Bokefor 30 minutes.

and

i

3

4

a

b

r A

z A

l At + A

5 A6 A

7 A8 A

a B a l o t C m u c h D m a n ys o m e B a C m u c h D m a n ymuch B few C a D afewa B lo tso f C much D a few- B a C t h e D s o m ea B much C some D lot ofs o m e B f e w C t i t t t e D l o t s

l i t t l e B m a n y C s o m e D l o t s

4 Circle the words in each l ine which arenot possible.

t a lmany la bar of chocolatez a piecelbitlcouple of news

l, a boxlfewlpacket ofsweets

4 a loof llot llittle of bread

s somelpiece oflmony o/advice6 not much lo piece of lsome money

t a bowl of lfew llittle soup8 a kilo of llittlelfew apples

d e s s e r r f tb d t p t a t eo n a p k I n cW h r c u p k t

c t p b n d

s s e m e a ss e r c e 5

Writing I a summary

2 Read the summary of the film Chocolat. Putthe [ inking words and the non-defining relativeclauses in the correct places in the text.

after when eventuallv while

which is based on Joanne Harr is 's novelwhich is delicious who is six vears old

A woman and her daughter, (r)_, arrive in asmal l French vi l lage. (z)_the woman opens achocolate shop opposite the church, the vi l lagersare shocked. But ( l )_ try ing her chocolate,(+) , they begin to tike her. The chocolatebrings fun and romance to the vi [ [age, andG)_ the woman is accepted by thecommunity. The fitm, (6)_, is very enjoyable.0)_lul iet te Binoche is excel lent as thechocolate shop owner, Johnny Depp's performanceas a wandering romantic steals the f i lm.

How to ... I recommend a restaurant

5 Put the words in order to complete the A Cucina Romana is a modern restaurantspecial is ing in pasta and pizza. pr ices vary fromf5.oo for our oven-baked calzone to ft4.5ofor our Seafood Deluxe pasta with shr imp andlobster. Free parking. Wheelchair access. Opendai ly r .oo p.m. unt i [ midnight.B Come and get i t at MacBurgles RapidolHamburger, chips and fizzy drink for just fz.gg.Family packs for just f8.99. lf you have to waitmore than ten minutes, we give you a free mea[!Over the Christmas period, book our special partyRoom for kids. Catt ozoT 676 z9t9 for bookings.C Taste of the Taj Indian restaurant. CentralLondon. Curr ies, chicken t ikka masala.Excel lent qual i ty using fresh herbs and spices.Recommended by the Orion Food Guide: ,An

outstanding eat ing experience. 'D Fisherman's Wharf is a fr iendty f ish restaurantsi tuated at the harbour, just twenty minutesfrom the centre of Hoban. Serving a wide var ietyof fish, we can guarantee freshness. Att fishare caught locat ly. On Sundays try our specialSeafood Combo of prawns, cod and squid for anunforgettable mea[, at just f3.So.'Fisherman's Wharf is fantast ic value. ' (HobanEnquirer)'Great service, great food! ' (City EntertainmentGuide, January zoo5)E Bistro Moderne This elegant, exclusiverestaurant serves French, Spanish and l tal ianfood. Our extensive cel lar has over 4oo winesfor you to choose from. prices from f7o.oo perperson. Open Monday to Saturday 7.oo - t r .3o.

b Which restaurants:r te[ [ you where they are? ! and Iz offer special deats? [ and !I tel t you when they are open? f ]and f+ te t tyou who has recommended them? !

and !5 serve seafood? [ and !6 serve meals for under f4.oo? [ and !

dialogue.

A: Where's that new restaurant, Mangetout?B: the i t 's square near main (r)A: What type of food does it serve?B: in speciat ises food Thai i t (z)A: ls the food good?B: fresh yes, very it 's (3)A: What about the service?B: friendly very waiters the are (4)A: My fr iend told me that a meal takes hours

to arrive!B: service slow is the a yes, tittle (S)A: Are the pr ices reasonable?B: quite it expensive is (6)A: Would you recommend i t?B: visit a worth it 's (Z)

Reading I r restaurant review

6 a Read the descript ions of some people. Thenread the restaurant reviews. Who should eat atwhich restaurant?

2 The Witkinsons tikecheqp; fost food,Arnericqn food inporticuror. l-l

Lewseg like expensiveEuropean food andexcel lent wine Thegwant to go to a quiet,

comfo rtable [estaurant

4 Dave and lessie liveon the coast.They arevegetarians, but theysometimes eatf lsh.theyIike cheap, cheerfulrestaurants. I

and !3 Mr and Mrs

not too far from the

Verb patterns and countable/uncountable nouns

2 Mal<e the correct form of the verbs in brackets(gerund or inf init ive) and choose the correct

r word in italics.r I enjoy_ (cook) and I always use fewla

lotlo lot of garlic.I d idn' t manage _ ( f ind out) anything. Dicyou find anylmanyla /of information?She real ly wants _ ( tatk) to you. Sheneeds some/ an la few advice.I'm looking forward to _ (meet) you. l 'veheard a couplelso muchf so many good thingsabout you.

There's something I 'd t ike _ ( tetD you! l t 'sal-[a few good news.They invited us - (go) on hotiday with them,but it cost too lotltoo monyltoo much money.She f inished _ (wri te) the book years ago,but i t took fewlmanylmuchyears to f ind aou bt isher.We don't mind _ ( took after) Sammy. Doeshe tike al-lfittle chocolate?I can' t stand _ (run). l t 's even worse inal tool- bad weather.He refused _ (eat) his vegetables. Hewanted an lfew llittle ice cream instead!

Verb patterns

3 Cross out the sentence endings which are notpossible.

r I began A to cry e ptaying the viot inC ptay tennis.

z l 'd like A a coffee, pleaseB going home now C to f ind a new iob.

r She tr ied R wri t ing down new wordsB to swim C bake a cake.

4 We expect A make some moneyB good weather C to be there at 6.oo.

5 Don't forget A me B buy mitk C to cleanthe car.

6 We agreed A to start at 4.t5 B with thedoctor C working together.I stopped A to have a dr ink B play withthe dog C wri t ing poems years ago.He remembered A dance att nightB meeting you last year C to br ing thepresents.

She can' t stand A watching TVB do exercise C vegetables.Last year the team started A becomepoputar B winning C to attrac't sr.rpport.

Present Perfect Simple 4ndContinuons, and countableluncountable nouns

4 Put the words in order to make seri :ences.

r a she's subject years fo: s l-c * ' -g :-e of beencouote .

z of heard Mark lot I 've i - :e-:-r - : : =: l -r stor ies.

3 haven' t enough of some r iu : - { i " -g -= 'a Jeen you.

4 l ' ve fo r coming beer . -e ' : . .= '= -= - , -

5 t ime in spent hasn' t B'a.zi *- :- - :"

6 Prague of us a stave: ' : u, :€ ' : ' : - - : , e.

7 days been she's la( 'ag =- 'n * , ' - * r a- : f ,o .

9 days haven ' t I Fo- 'e 'p . 3 f f - r ' r - Z .

do ing has o f r tv 13 ;3 , : f f - - ' - : - : '

garden ing a .

Present Perfect Simple andContinuous

1 Put the verbs into the correct form, PresentPerfect Simple or Cont inuous.

L _ (you not finish) your work yet? You'rereal ly stow!

z There's chocolate a[[ over your mouth! _(you eat) sweets again?!

3 You look bored. _ (you read) that bookabout nuclear physics? l t 's very long, isn' t i t?

4 | _ (ask) her for my book six t imes, andshe st i t l hasn' t returned i t .

5 I 'm exhausted. | _ (study) al l n ight andI st i t l have to do one more essayl

6 l t 's cotd in here because the window(be) open att day.The chi ldren are reat ly t i red. They _ (ski)al I morning.We _ (stop) going to yoga classes. l t wastoo stressfu[!There it is! | _ (took) for that bool< forthree weeks!There's no paint left. We _ (use) it all onthe wal[ .

Vocabulary

5 Write a word from Unit 5 which matches thedefinit ion.o activity to keep the body flexible; sometimes

uses music : co type of plate usual ly used for dessert or soup:

b

o sect ion ofa book: cput into another language (a f i tm): d_generaI word for physical activity that is goodfor your body: e_outdoor hobby done next to water; you can eatthe result ! :activity in which you grow flowers, plant trees,etc.: g_

not soft: ha coach/teacher, e.g. for ski ing:slow runningt i_Japanese mart ial art : k_not heavy or dark:most important person in a book or film (twowords): msomething you use whi le eat ing, to clean awayfood: n

o the person you play against in any sport /game: o

o story in a f i lm or book: p_o fairly, but not veryi q_o not smooth: r

you eat this before the main course: s-money you give for good service:type of noun which you can' t count e.g. water,news, advice, information: u_bal[ sport that uses a net and can be played onthe beach: y

o not narrow: yy

It 's a stick type of tape that you can use toattach paper to a wal l .I t 's a square, hardty type of bread that you caneat with cheese.You use this to wash yourself and smei l good.It's very smoothy.

h Match the definit ions with the things theydescribe from Ex. 6a.

noun definition

a crackerb car tyresc kettled se[[otapee framef Siberiag iceh soapi microwave

i chess

1

2

456

8

910

How to ...

7 a The sentences each have a word missing.Complete the sentences using words fromthe box.

prepared characters set visit inimproved worth a been by it prices

r The service is tittle stow. f]z The main are real ly interest ing. !3 l t was directed Francis Ford Coppota. !4 lt 's worth a. fI Wouldn't be better to practise every day? !6 I 've doing this for about six years. f ,7 The food is beautifulty. f]8 l t 's in Chicago in the r9zos. !9 The are reasonabt. . fro l t 's not real ty seeing. !u I've a lot since I first started. !rz l t special ises modern French cuisine. I

b What do the sentences refer to: a f i lm (F),a restaurant (R) or a hobby (H)? put the lettersin the boxes.

o

o

o

a

o

o

a

o

Explaining what you mean

6 a!

2

3

4

5

6

7

Correct the sentences.

I t 's a type machine you use for cookingthings fast.I t 's k ind of game that uses pieces l ike kingsand queens.

It's the stuffing you find on the ground aftera freezing night.I t 's something you use for boi twater to makecoffee.They are made by rubber and you put themon your wheels.They are usual ly rectangle and you putpictures inside them.It 's a cold place that is absotutely hug.

Vocabulary I travet

Choose the best words to complete thesentences.

r I love going lseeing lhaving abroad.z Sydney Opera House is Austral ia 's most

famous experience I tour guide I landmark.

3 The world's largest tropical jungle lwood Irainforest is in the Amazon, South America.

4 For a good hot iday, I t ike ly ing on a rockfsandyl sand beach.

5 Prague is one of Europe's great sensation Ih i sto ri c I h i story ca pita ls.

6 We had a truly forgetfullforgottenlun fo rgettab le iourney around Russia.Rome is ful l of monuments and museums. l t 'sa great ptace to golhavelmake sightseeing.There are many packl packing I packogehot idays to Thai land, South-east Asia'snumber one ho l iday des t ina t ion .Sun, sea and sand mal<e Majorca the perfectplace to have funnylfunlenjoy on holiday.lf you want to see Egypt's localisedllocallhomeculture, go to the market, l (han Et Khat i t i .

10

place. The sun was going down behind us l ike abatt of f i re dropping into water. l t was perfect.'What's the matter?' I asked. (d)

Gfamm&f I Past Perfect vs Past Simpte

3 Write answers using the prompts. Use the PastPerfect positive or negative.Why did Jack decide to go on holidayT (win)Because he had won some money.

7

2

3

Why was Jack late to chec< r- ; ' : -g: : ,

Why d id they s top Jack a : : -s : - * ; . :ack)

Why d id Jack smoke in t l ' e * t - ' : -q : : :e ,n theairport? (see)

Why did Jack have probie-s =::- ; - : :e.? (book)

Why d id Jack ge t sunb, ' " : : - : - : : : ' :n?(put on)Why d idn ' t Jack take d- r r - : : : s i : ' ' rg

Why coutdn' t Jack ger :z: ' i - : : - - . - l teL roomone night? ( lose)

W h y w a s J a c k h a p p , ' : : : € - : - : ' - ' s s i

4

5

6

7

Reading I Past Perfect

Underl ine examples of the Past Perfect in thesentences below then put the sentences in thecorrect places in the text.

r By now I had f inished four, and this was thefifth and last.

z He had run out of f i tm.

3 We had never expected such si lence froma place so large.

+ Had i t been t ike this at the beginning of t ime,before man existed?

Fish River Canyon is the second biggest canyon inthe world. Seeing i t was a humbting experience.Apart f rom i ts size, the greatest thing about i t wasits quietness. (a)

What is a canyon? l t 's nothing but a hote in theground. But as we stood there, on i ts edge, welooked down and we could see birds f ty ing betowus, and smatl dr ied-up r ivers roo feet down,winding their way between the trees. And athought came to me. (b)

I took out my notebook, as always. (c) Danietwent bacl< to the car to get his camera. But whenhe returned there was a [ook on his face whichsaid, 'Disaster! 'We were in a beaut i fu[ , peaceful

How to . . . I descr ibe a photo

4 Read what Chee Yun says about her hotidayphotos. Comptete the sentences with the wordsfrom the box.

been one shows afterwards excitedforeground on

Tkis okofo h), 'flLe IVtLaeL ralK fke(alls are on fhe. bordero{ grazil ,

"araVLaltand ArVenhna. YoL eansee fke two

Vtl,Xs wemef in tke (z)_ .

Tlus b)- ;s o/

fh-e earntual in keoileYott can see fhc. lloats,

fkose biV open btsesIrll ol pople ineosttLrres , (+) _

c @ Coverthe tapescript . Listen and t ickthe things Mel issa mentions.

d Listen again and answer the quest ions.

r How does Metissa feel about her travets?z When did she become a travet writer?

3 What is the 'good thing' about modern travet?

4 How has cl imbing Mount Everest changed?

5 Why does she mention Sandy Hit l Pi tman?6 What two pieces of advice does she give to

young travel writers?

TAPESERIPT

l: Melissa, you've travetled to over sixty countries,pubt ished e ighteen books of t raveI iournal ism, gottost in deserts, swum in five seas, been attacked bywi ld animals, but in a recent in terv iew you say thatyour journey has only just begun.

M: I feel that way, yes. I think, as you see more, youreatise there's more to see. You visit, say, East India,and then you reat ise you don' t know much about thearea. And then you want to go to Nepal and Tibet .So, yes, I do feel I 'm just starting.

l: How many years have you been a traveI writer?M: A long time, more than thirty years.l: What changes have you seen in travel and tourism?M: Well, many. I think these new airl ines that offer

cheap fl ights all over the world have made a bigdifference. People - not necessarity rich peopte -can now see more of the wor ld, and I th ink that 'sa good thing.

l: And there's a bad side too?M: Of course. I th ink, wet t , just as an example: Mount

Everest. Mount Everest used to be probabty thegreatest chatlenge for any traveller. Well, now it 'sfut l o f tour is ts . Tour guides can take you up themountain and you don' t need any t ra in ing becausethe guides do everything for you. There was the caseof Sandy Hi t t P i tman in ry96. Her guides carr ied hertaptop computer, coffee machine and Iuxury food upEverest. She even had fashion magazines deliveredto the mounta in. Now, for me, that 's the bad s ide ofmodern tourism. You tose some of the mystery.

l: Melissa, is there any advice you woutd give to youngpeople who want to be traveI writers?

M: Yes, I think the first thing is that you have to maketime to write. Wherever you are - in a desert, ona boat, at the top of a mountain. You have to findthe time. And if you do it every day, it becomes ahabi t . The second th ing is deta i ls . You must [oor<for deta i ts . l t 's no good wr i t ing 'The sunset wasbeautifut'. You have to say exactly what coloursyou saw, how the colours were reflected in thetrees and water. How the sun fett on your face.You have to be very detaited and look moredeeply than most people.

tLe riVl,-t

t lotte fltis pltoto \)e :were reallc, (q)

beeatse we were onS*Var Loal lAornfainin kio +or tke lirsffime vte htd (6)_

on fke chnirli4f , if wasfantasf,et (l)-, *" ,wenf lor a biq meal in

0a resfatrant

tourSWiM

cheap _al l overgreatest _ger _witd

the worldan imalsguide

ftights

in the seachal lengelost

Listening5 a

7

2

3

4

56

7

Match the halves of the col locat ions.

a

b

c

d

e

f

sb You wi l l l isten to an interview with Mel issawho is a travel journal ist . What do you thinl(Mel issa wi l t talk about?

a her favouri te tr ipb advice for people who want to be travel writersc equ ipment she usesd how tourism has changede how long she has been a traveI wri ter

b7

2

345

Writing laquickg*h

Gramm&f I uses of like

4 Correct the errors in the sentences. Use /ikein the f i rst sentence of each pair .

r How's the flat tike? ls it big?z Do you I ike some help? I 'm free at the moment.

3 Your house is look l ike a museum. I love vourold furni ture.

+ | tike listen to music. Mv favourite band isThe Fugees.

S What is your girtfriend took tike? ls she tall andblonde? | think I saw her yesterday.

6

7

What's that fitm likes? I've heard ifs very sad.What would you like do this wening? There'sa good f i lm on at the cinema-What did the weather tike? | hope it didn't rainand ruin your hol iday.

D Write a question for each ansref,, ltse lifre.A: What he ?B: He's intelligent and funryA: _John_Pete?B: Yes, they look exactly&e*lA: _you_maths?B: No, I hate it. I prefer arls nffirlrA: What _ the buildkrg_?B: lt 's quite small, and itlreemsden door

and white walls.A: What the concert ?B: lt was fantastic! | hrd il-A: _ your mother_plB: No, she is much trendpfu'r-A : _you_aofpo fHB: Yes, please"

A: What is the urcatls_emrory?B: I've heard ifs $lfuqg[Dmftr.

6 Put the words in the udrfrr

r place first Streetthe6oibffirrsbz the visit Art art of gatturr'dem dre

Modern is Musermto

3 Castle mustn't you EdlfrryfinmErr

4 Bannerman"s Restmfrffi 1nuUh if suretrad itional enfrry p iddErh ffmd"

5 leave dont withclftrfurynqffiseeing6 try why haggis rfrm;mrcB

VOcabulafy I places to visit in a city

a Find eleven places to visit in a city. Thewords can go across or down. The first hasbeen done for you.

Which two places might you visit :for rel igious reasons?to see paint ings and sculptures?to buy things?to see water?to see where royalfamil ies [ ive?

Pronunciation I how to sound polite

2 @ Uo the speakers sound pot i te (P) orimpol i te ( l )? Listen and wri te P or I in the boxes.

r Two return tickets to London, ptease. fz Where's the bank? f,3 ls there a chemist near here? f ]4 Give me a blacl< coffee. !5 What t ime does the museum ctose? !6 Can I get a student discount? !7 I'd tike to cash these traveller's cheques,

ptease. !8 | want to see the menu. f l

How to . . . I get around a new p lace

3 Put the words in the correct order to makequestions.

r city how a much the t icket to centre is ?z t ime what the close oalace does ?3 where you is know do the excuse museum

m e , ?+ th.e , please me the you way to tell can

cathedra[ ?5 there bank near excuse here is me , a ?6 to bus go this gallery the art does ?

a r t c a t I e r V

d f c q s t e tm u s e u m f p c oa s h o p s s a h ur s e c a X r u nk e s I V a k r t

e c u f a t k m c at a d t c r e o h I

c a t h e o t a n

Reading7 a Which of these places are shown in

the photos?

a The Sahara Desertb Tornado Attey, USAc Rainforest, Papua New Guinead Florida Keys, USAe Bhutan

b Which of these places do you thinl< has:

Why do you have to dive? BecauseA i t 's the only way to enter the underwater

hotel .B you want to touch big, dangerous f ish.Why go to the Sahara? BecauseA you need to get your visa there.B i t 's big and peacefu..

Why go to Roswel l? BecauseA you're interested in UFOs and al iens.B no one has been there since 1947.Why might a cow land on your head? BecauseA there are strong tornadoes in mid-west

America.B there are no more f ty ing f ish in the USA.

1,

2

3

4

5

dangerous weather?a peaceful tifestyte?l<i l ler sharks?ancient tr ibes?lots of space?

Now read the text to checl< vour answers.

e Choose A or B .

r Why pay $8,ooo to go to papua? BecauseA you want to see some ancient t r ibes in

the rainforest.B you want to live in the rainforest.

eorth con I

Vocabulary I adjectives to describenatural places

1 Complete the sentences with the words fromthe box.

deep tropical green rockyrange desert

r Would you like to go _Call us on 0089 27151.

Gramm&f I artictes

2 Add alan (x 4) and the (x +) to the text wherenecessary.

Man sent himself in wooden box from New Yorkto Dal las because he thought i t was cheapestway to fly.Charles McKinley, 25, missed his famity butthought the f t ight home would be too expensive.Fr iend told him i t woutd be cheaper to go ascargo. In fact, cost of sending the wooden box washigher than economy class seat.After a r5-hour journey in which McKinley had nofood or water, box was del ivered to his parents'home. McKinley surpr ised everybody by jumpingout of the box. The del ivery man cal led pol iceimmediatety, and McKinley was arrested.

3 Circle the correct answer: o, the, or - (nothing).

I

2

3

4 Q :A :

8 Q :

a separate country; r : r rIs a/-/the Russiarin Europe or Asia?It 's in both. Parts of a/-/the counrry arein As ia and o the r pa r t s a re ; n E ! rope ,Where and what are a/ - / ih= Ai :=s?I t 's a/ - / the mounta in rance : -=: i - rnsthrough several countr ies ' -e : , :nAmer ica.What is a/ - / the sunnles: I 3 : : : - =: r th?a/- / the Sahara Dese-.

- - - s , - : - - . :s : ' , : , : : , :

v i r t u a l l y a l l d a y , e v e . . : : . ; - -

: : ' : t et ime .Can you te l l me aboutIt's a/-/the country inand r ich.Is a/-/the Nile inYes, it 's a/-/the lonEes:cont i nent.Can you tel l me scr-=:-Nauru? I th ink i t ' s ; : : ,It's a/-/the tiny :s a-:Ocean, and you ' ie - ; ^ : -

I s i t t rue tha t nc : - = . : :Greenland?No! But i t is a. r -the wor ld. 8 5c :

Pronunciation

G& Read the d ia [og-= ;B s t ress? Under l ine : r : -

A: I just returned i::- :

- _ _ ^ ^ 1- = _ J l

' - - - - - l !- i : t t l

z - / fha

4

1

A: I 'm t i red.B: Real ly? Y:-A : l w a s i n ̂ : .

B : How a l ' , : ,A : I jus t

B: That 's

i i*ft

HOw tO . . . I show interest and surpr ise

5 Make echo questions.I'm from Germony.Are youTr I l ike travel l ing.z He came here yesterday.

3 l t 's going to be sunny tomorrow.4 We'il wait for you at the airport.5 There's a train at 6.3o.5 They've never been to paris.

7 She's real ly fr iendly.s I haven't seen that f i tm vet.

Reading6 a What do travel agents do?

r book f t ights for people !z tel l customers what documents they need I3 hetp customers get the plane seat that they

want !4 f ind cheap hot idays !5 help customers rent cars for their t r ip I6 tel t people which ptane to get on !b Read the text. Ticl< the things from Ex. 6atha t a re ment ioned.

Travel Agents, True,We asked travel agents to write in and tell us aboutthei r funniest moments Here are some of the stor ies.

True (T) or false (F)?It tal<es less than one hour to get from Detroitto Chicago. f]

e7

z One man was looking for his f t ight number onthe aeroplanes. f

3 A customer wanted to dr ive from HeathrowAirport to Namibia. f ]

4 A woman didn' t want to si t near a windowbecause of her hair . !

5 A businessman was going to Cotombia for thef i rst t ime. I

6 One customer wanted to smoke on theptane. !

d Choose A or B .t Time zone means

A an area where the clocks are set at apart icular t ime.

B a place where you go i f you are late.z Stopover means

A the place where you f inish the journey.B a scheduled stop on a journey, before

start ing again.

3 An aisle seat in a plane isA a seat next to the corr idor (not c lose to

the window).B a seat next to the window.

4 Travel documents meansA a f i lm about a hol iday dest inat ion.B off ic iat papers you need when you travel.

5 Long haul flight meansA a very [arge aeroplane.B f t ight f rom one cont inent to another.

Past Perfect vs Past Simple

1 Choose A, B or C to mal<e the best fo[ [ow-uo tothe f i rst sentences.

r She was amazed when she saw CharrresCath ed ra[.A She had never seen anything so beaut i ful .B She never had seen anything so beaut i fu[ .C She never saw anything so beaut i fu[ .There were crowds of tour ists standing aroundthe Mona Lisa.A We hadn't expect so many people.B We expected so many people.C We hadn't expected so many people.The land stretching out in front of us wascomptetely dry.A l t had rained for months.B l t wasn't rained for months.C l t hadn't rained for months.Watching India pass by through the trainwindow, I gradualty grew more t i red unt i lf inattyA I had fal ten asleep.B I fet t asleep.C | lost steeo.Suddenty janine appeared at my front door.A Why she hadn't cal ted f i rst?B Why hadn't she cal led f i rst?C Why didn' t she cal led f i rst?The weather was so disappoint ing during myhot iday.A I had hoped to spend a few days on the

beach, but i t was impossibte.B I hoped to spend a few days on the beach,

but i t was impossible.C I was hoped to spend a few days on the

beach, but i t was impossible.Poland is one of the most interest ing countr iesI 've ever been to.A ld gone there last August.B I 'd been there last August.C I went there last August.The hotel looked great, but they didn' t give usa room becauseA we didn' t book.B we hadn't booked.C we not had booked.

Past Perfect and articles

Circle the correct word in itolics, and put theverb in bracl<ets into the correct tense (PastPerfect or Past Simple).

r She was sad because she found out that she_ (faiD alanl- l the f inal law exam.

z lwanted to become alanl- l the doctor. But inthe end | _ (become) a nurse.

3 | arr ived atalanl- l the party at 8.oo but I(not stay) [ong. What about you?He got hurt dur ing judo. Later they discoveredthat he _ (break) alanl-lthe his [eg.AlAn l-lThe computers _ (start) tobecome popular with the publ ic in the r99os.When they returned, alanl- l the chi ldren _(atready fat l ) asleep.

7 fhal af ternoon I totd the pol ice that I(not recognise) alanl- l the burglar 's face.

8 l 'm sure we can f ind alan l - l the good caf6.There were lots when | _ (come' reretn 2oo4.

9 l t seemed l ike alonl- l the inte-es- ' :gprogramme. | _ (never see : :a=: -e.

rc A lAn l - lThe l ions tend to s lee : : - ' -= : re day .When | _ (go) to Africa. .: r, : '. ,,,.

Uses of like

3 Rewr i te the sentences /ques : ' : -s * . - f i l rewords in italics. Use 1rke.

r Tel l me about Warsar ' , .Whot's ?

z Do they want some * '

Would ?

3 I ' m n o t i n t e r e s t e d i - : = - . ' : - - - .lwouldn' t

+ T e l t m e a b o u t J o h i - " ' : : : : : r - r - : - r r - = - , / o ulast saw him.What did

< l t f a c t p q t h o c : r : = -

It6 C a n y o u d e s c r i e = ' : : : '

What will- t \ , ^ - ^ , , ^ , t ^ - - - - ./ l V e l l e v e l D e : * : : - . - : . - - :

I 've never8 l s S p a n i s h g - : - * i - : : r . i

g rammar :

IS

9 L u i s a a - l - : ' . ; - = - - ; " " 1 ,

Luisa

ro Mum, la , ' * ' t , : - . ' .

Mum, r , ' : :

Articles and uses of fike

4 a Some ofthese sentences need alan or the.Add them where necessary.

r l t 's smal l , pretty town in the south of England,famous for c ider, a dr ink made with apptes. !

z They're tal l and handsome, and oldest one hasreal ly good sense of humour. f ]

3 No! | think i t 's the most disgust ing food I 'veever eaten! [

4 Horses. I wanted to be horse trainer whenr was younger.' !

5 l t was br i l t iant place. Owner was vervfriendly. !

6 My mother, I think. We have simi lar noses. I7 l | 's one of biggest bui tdings in ci ty, and i t 's

made of gtass. !8 Yes ptease. Actually, can I have piece of

toast? !

b Match the statements in Ex. 4a to thequest ions below.

a Would you l ike some bread with your soup?b What does the Modern Art Gattery look l ike?c What 's Taunton [ ike?d Who do you look t ike in your famity?e What was that restaurant like before it closed

down?f Do you t ike that Scott ish dish, haggis?g What type of animats do you t ike?h What are your cousins [ ike?

lf you love hol idays on the ocean and you haveenough money, you shoutd go on aWe need to take a map; in Venice it's easv toget _.The EiffetTower is Paris's most famousIt dominates the ci ty 's skyl ine.l f you want to see the most famous places inthe city, go on a _ rour.We leave for Tunisia on the 3oth and get -_on the 7th.I don' t t ike _ hot idays because I hatestaying in tents and l iv ing outsidelThere are some tr ibes st i t t t iv ing in the tropica.

in Brazi t .

Use an expression with gef to replace thewords in itolics. Use the correct verb tense.r They decided to have their weddina in Florida.

z I reatly think my Engtish is improving3 We're returning before 5.oo. _4 He's always had a greot relationship with his

mother- in- law.I usual ly put on my clothes at about g.oo inthe morning. _She wanted to go home, but she couldn,t findthe way.When wilt we orrive af the airport? _I was learning the game, but | /osf interest anostopped. _Nearty 50 percent of marr ied couples end theirmarriage after ten years or less.

to l'Il buy you a drink later.

How to ...

7 Add a word to each tine that A says.r A: Excuse me. ls a post Office near here?

B: There's one on your tef t .z A: Can you te[[ the way to the theatre, ptease?

B: Yes. Go straight on. l t 's r ight in front of Vou.3 A: What t ime the museum close?

B: At 5.3o.

4 A: How is a ticket to the citv centre?B: €3.2o.A: Excuse me. Could you te[[ me to get to Eve's

Resta u ra nt?B: Eve's Restaurant? Sorry, I don't lcnow it.A: Does this train go the airport?B: Yes, i t does.A: You know how much a hire car costs Der

day?B: l t 's about fzo, not inctuding insurance.A: Can recommend a good nightctub?B: Yes, Splash Deever is good if you like hip-hop.

78

Vocabulary

5 a, Put the words in the correct box.

landmarl< to the airport bacl< laketropical rainforest independent travelcruise sandy beach cast lepackage holiday rocky coastlinea taxi camping hot iday direct ionsgo on safar i lost desert s ightseeing tour

b Cover Ex. 5a. Comptete the sentences withone word.

r I prefer _ hot idays because the hotel andtransport are organised for Vou.

z ld t i ke to go on because | love seeingwild animals, especial ly in Afr ica.

3 The publ ic transport f rom the airport isn' tgood. l t ' l I be easier to get a

Travelexpressions

Places tovisit/see

Expressionswith get

Vocabulary I education

Choose the correct opt ion.

r I started playing the trumpet last year, butI haven't madeldonelhod alot of progress.I t st i l l sounds terr ible!

z l'm making ldoing lgetfing a Spanish courseat the moment.

3 | madelgotldid law at university.

+ | drank a lot of coffee while I was passingl

foiling lrevising for my exams.

5 When lgraduated tolfromlat university,I started [ooking for a job.

6 | tend to make ldo ltoke my research on theInternet.

7 | didn' t makelgot lgef good marks in myexams.

8 Did youtakeldolgo notes duringthe lecture?

9 A: Are you coming with us for lunch?B: No. l 'm just having lgoing ldoing to my

class.ro I've gotlmadelgroduoted a degree in Engtish

Literature from London U niversitv.

Complete the dialogues with sui table words.

r A: In this job you need to learn things veryquickty.

B: Yes, you are _ in at the deep end.z A: I'm not very good at this yet.

B: Keep trying. Practice makes

3 A: I can' t learn grammar by reading grammarbooks.

B: No, i t 's better to _ by doing.

4 A: That's a lovely poem!B: Yes, | learnt it by .=when I was at

schoo[.

5 A: How is your German?B: Not very good. I keep _ mistakes.

Gfamm&f I subject and object questions

Make subject or object quest ions using theprompts.

Juliet rang you earlier. Who ...?Who rang me earlier?

r Tom took the keys. Who ...?z Jonathan wanted to talk to you about his

article. Whot ... about?

3 Anna-Lisa has moved to the office in HatfietdSt. Which ... to?

+ The number 4zbus goes to the stat ion.Which.. .?

s The history teacher asked me to be here atten o'clock. Who ...?

6 | arrived late. When ...?

z I sold my car to an old fr iend. Who . . .?8 Some of us would l ike some lunch. Who . . .?g Something has happened to the computer.

lt 's not working. What ... computer?ro A Chinese company is buying the business.

Who. . .?

a Write the words in the correct order to makequest ions.

r the Cup hetd Wortd Which r99n country ?z Who president iaI l ta l ian elect ion lgg7 won

the in ?

3 Florence the created Who Dav,c ir statue of ?

4 cityWhat Pompeiiof destroyeo the l

s the Where Pope live does ?6 built r3oo Which on islands crftu is srnatl ?

7 What ltalians for lunch usualfijlf (b eat ?8 Columbus Where did fronT safil frrst

Christooher ?

b Match the questions in Er- tg w&th theseanswers.

a Genova !b A votcano Ic In the Vat ican Id A dish made with pM drililce ne Silvio Bertusconl If l taty Ig Michetangelo Ih Venice !

3

4

2

5 There are mistakes in some of the sentences.Find them and correct them.r Who did give Mina my emai l address?z When did you get back from hot iday?3 Who the book belongs to?4 Who did invent the computer?5 Who invited Matthew to the party?6 Which train did they catch?7 Where l ives Marianna?8 What did happen at the meeting?

Reading6 These sentences have been taken out of the

art ic le below. Read the text and f ind where thevshould go.

r They fai I to see them as part of the learningproceSs.

z Then they restart the computer, and experimentagain.People who achieve great success then havemore to lose when things go wrong.Learn to tai l< about your mistakes, at work andat home.

Have you ever noticed how children are alwaysmaking mistakes? They do it all the time, and itdoesn't seem to bother them. you don,t learnto walk without falling over. you don't learnto speak without mispronouncing lots of words.You don't learn to juggle without dropping balls.But if you create an environment where mistakesare not accepted, then people become frightenedof them. In these kinds of environments peoplelearn to hide their mistakes, and not to celebratethem as a good thing. If you're not makingmistakes then you're not learning anythingvaluable.

8

7 What do the words in bold refer to?Line z: it making mistakesr L ine 9: themz Line r9: they3 Line z7: this

4 Line 3o: this

Find words or expressions in the text whichmean :r make you annoyed _ (Line l)

fa l I on the ground _ (Line +)saying something with the wrongpronunciat ion _ (Line S)throw and catch three or more bal ls together_ (Line 6)the buttons on a computer _ (Line 16)do something in a way that people don'texpect [ine z4lz5)do things that could cause problems __ (Line z9)

s possibi l i t ies for things you can do(Line tr)

Do you remember the first time you touched acomputer? You didn't want people to watch youas you started to touch the keys. you worriedthat if you touched the wrong button, you woulddelete all the important files. Children aren't likethat. They experiment with all the buttons, justto see what will happen. And they arelearningfrom every move they make. The fear of failureseems to develop as we go through school. Welearn to become afraid of our mistakes, to beafuaid of having the wrong answer, or to drawoutside the lines.

The fear of success comes later, andwe cansee this often in successful professionals andleaders. So they start to worry, and decide notto take risks.

Don't let this happen to you. See whatopportunities can arise from the mistakes youmake, and soon you'll feel happier about yourself.

2

3

4

56

7

t 0

1 5

20

25

Vocabulary I adjectives

Match the adjectives in the box to thedescript ions below

pat ient understanding f ierceopen-minded knowledgeabteinspir ing boring pale

r ' Be carefulof that dog. He might bi te you!

z I think she's sick. Her skin looks white.His books are wonderfut. They give me lots ofideas .

She can always dealwith di f f icutt s i tuat ionswithout getting an gry. _He talks too slowly, and doesn't say anythinginteresting.He knows so much about so many things.

You can talk to her about your problems, andshe knows how you're feeling.He doesn't have fixed ideas about things.

Rewri te the sentences using the words inbrackets. You may have to change the tense.

r She often gets angry. (temper)

z He talked very loudly to my mother. (shout)

r She explained things to us well. (clear)

4 He gave extra work to naughty children.(punish/behave)

s She is friendly and her face always lookshappy when she sees you. (smile)

6 Her questions were not easy to answer.(ask/difficutt)

GrammAE I used tolwoutd

3 Replace the Past Simple with used tolwouldwhere necessary.When / was a chi/d ...

r / sltent ng ho/idags wit/t mggran/parenk.

z My grandmother cooked /e/icious mea/s.

I She keytt chickens, goak and /torses.

4 M! cousin and / rode t/te horses everg dag.

5 Mg fauourite horse was ca//ed Racer

6 Racer was faster than a// (he other horses.

7 I ddn't understand how dangerous rding cou// be.

8 One dag I fe//of Racer and broke m! arm.g M! mother r/idn't /et me rh/e him again.

rc Aftar that, / sat in t/te house an/ uatchedsadlg as the horses plaged in the feld.

4 a7

2

3

Rewrite these sentences using used fo.

I ptayed votleybaltwhen I was at sdrool. I don'tplay now.

Sylvie doesn't smoke not*r. Dld she smokebefore?When I was younger, I didn"t [-ke mu5hr.rrr.I love them now.

4 | enjoyed cooking a lot before- ltrow I don'thave enough t ime.

s She drank milk when she was a child but nowshe is a[lergic to it.

5 He didn't play computer girmts h6re. Nowhe is always playing drern-

7 I read a lot of books drm I ms at unirrersitv.I don't read so marry rxil.

8 You don't study there rm, hxt d'id you go tothe Anglo-American sdmol bdorc?

b In which sentencecff pl abo usewould?

2

Listening I childhood

5 @ Cover the tapescript and t isten to thedescript ion of a young boy called Roger start ingschoo[. Then answer the questions.

Did Roger t ike the idea of going to schoot?When he started school, what did he thinkwas the most important thing to learn?Did he concentrate on learning numbers andletters?

By the end, did his teacher think Roger wasnaughty?

Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)?r Roger thought he would never grow up. Iz His mother never talked to him about

school. I3 Roger was very happy about his first dav at

schoot. !4 Roger was put in a class with the big chi tdren.

I5 He thought the most important thing to do at

schoolwas not to move. f ]Roger was punished at schoot. f ,He thought that i f he moved he would get areward. !In his classroom he pract ised learning numbersand tetters. fThe headteacher asked i f Roger was a naughtyb o y . IMiss Bradshaw said that Roger 's behaviourwas better. !

Pronunciation I sitent letters7 a Underl ine the si lent letters in the fol lowing

phrases from the l istening passage.r . . . I thought to mysetf . . .2 . . .my mother woutd ment ion . . .3 .. . she was talking...4 .. . the naughty chitdren ...5 .. . less trouble than he used to be ...

b G@} Listen again to check. practise sayingthe phrases.

e Underl ine the si lent letters in the words inthe box. Then write the words in the correctplaces in the table.

used to thought knew wall< sawshould naughty knee tal l< boughttaught would

silent gh silent / silent nz si lent d s i lent k

7

2

6

6

7

d @ Listen to check.

TA,pESe RtpyI was born on the 4 November r956. I think I alwaysthought that I would spend my whole l i fe iust being achi ld , and l iv ing at home wi th my parents. Somet imesmy mother woutd ment ion something cat ted .school ' ,but she always said that I didn't need to worry. I didn'tunderstand th is , as whatever .schoo[ 'was, I d idn ' t p lanto go there. Then, one morning, she woke me up earryand said, 'Today you go to school, Roger.' I was terrif ied,and thought to myself, ,This is the end of mv life.'

That f irst day at Elementary School I quickty came rounderstand the most important th ing about educat ion- i t was a l l about keeping st i l t . As I entered the hat t , alarge hand took me away from my mother, and put mein a l ine wi th some other smai l ch i ldren. And then a [oudvoice commanded 'KEEp STILL! ' l s tood very, very s t i l t ,thinking that if I even moved one sma[[ part of my body,I would get some terrible punishment. I checked mybody - feet and [egs - keeping sti[, body and arms- keeping st i t l , head and eyes - oh no - what abour mveyes? Were they moving?

lnside the classroom, there were the same rutes. I wasput behind a desk and a l l I can remember was th is tat t .thin tady - Miss Bradshaw, our teacher - who keotshout ing at us to 'Keep st i t t ! ,whi le she was ta lk ing.'How can I wr i te and keep st i l l? ' I thought . ,Can I openmy book?'Af ter a month the s i tuat ion was the same,and instead of concentrating on unimportant thingstike learning numbers and letters, I spent alt my timepractising very hard the art of keeping stitt.

I was rewarded, as one day the headteacher came intothe classroom. 'Stand up for the Headmistressl'shoutedMiss Bradshaw. 'Who are the naughty children?'askedthe headteacher. 'What about you, Roger?'l stood verystit l and tried to look serious. Miss Bradshaw replied,'No, not any more. Roger is much less t rouble than heused to be, 'and I smi led a long, warm smi le.

Vocabulary I old age

O Too old to care?I think the way old people are treated in thiscountry is terrible. When I (1)_, I'd like tolive in my own house by the sea, in a societywhere old people are (2)_ because oftheir age and experience, not robbed in thestreet. If I am unable to look after myselfwhen I become (3)_, I hope that someonein my family, or perhaps a close friend, willbe able to help me. It's sad that (4)_have to go into (5)_ when their familiesdon't have the time to help look after them.The government doesn't do enough to helpold people either. Most people's (6)_ arevery small, they don't have enough moneyto live off.

1 Comptete the text with the words from the box.

senior ci t izens pensions elderlyret i re nursing homes respected

"i:li.lliilrlirtxi::i:i:iYtti::iiiti::i::::li i:t::l*r*,:x::S{ixflfi'1"t':1t.i'.t'i}:'lxti:i::1}'

GfammAX I coutdlwas oble tolmanoged tofor past ability

2 Complete each sentence using the verbs in abrackets and one of the verbs from the box.

u

You may need to change the tenses.

tet l pubt ish play wri te read paint

r Pablo Picasso _ from a very young age.He had his f i rst exhibi t ion in La Coruna, Spain,at the age of thir teen. (coutd)

The world 's youngest co[ lege graduate,American Michael Kearney _ his doctor' l have an ear infect ion'when he was onlv sixmonths old. (abte)

Mozart was a very young composer. _ hisf i rst minuet for the piano when he was onlyfive years old. (manage)

Wil t iam James Sidis, who was perhaps one ofthe most intet l igent people ever, _ Homer,in Greek, when he was four years otd. (abte)

The Swiss psychologist, Jean Piaget, wroteand _ his f i rst scient i f ic paper at the ageof ten. (manage)

Yehudi Menuhin the viol in so we[[ thathe had his f i rst major publ ic performance agedseven. (coutd)

Complete the sentences usinlg tr f e * '* 'ords fromthe box.

managed to able to couL: -a.aged

were d idn ' t manage to a i - ,4-" : , , ' , 'asn ' t

wasn' t able to able

l _ p a S S m y d r i ' , ' - ; : : : : - - : . . , : s i h i r t y .

T im wasn ' t _ s f i - : : s : - : ' : : = : : . se o fh is ear in fect ions.

3 We were s i t t ing nea" : *a : i : ' : " : - : :oncer that[ but we - hea- :- : - - - ' : : '=. , : i fu[ tv.

4 -you ab le to se : : - : - - , : - : - ; r ' r ' : - l ; t

wearing your glasses?

5 | ptayed rugby at scf- : . : . : - : - i , r ' i '

i n to the team.6 We watk to s : ' : : : s - - : - . - :€ :ause

it was too far.

7 Ab iga i lwas sre wasonty four years oic.B o r i s _ a b l e i c " : - : * r : - , : . - t s - - - - e h ' svoice was too quie:.

He to Learn r -€ - * : : : r - : , ,Susan _ s ing be := , - . , " : - : - r : : : t rethroat.

7

2

qpfo ' .

910

Reading

t

Read the text and choose a suitable t i t le forthe art icle.

56 years 9.3o 70 4 mit t ion 4o hours72 1945 94 gos

What is the importance of the fol lowing numbersfrom the art icle?

Answer the quest ions.

r What three things does the art ic le suggestpeopte can do more of when they stopworking?

z What does Dorothy Beckett's work involve?How old are some of her col leagues?Would Dorothy like to stop work?Did Wit l iam Spencer always want to be a carsa lesman?Why didn' t he become a lawyer?Why does he bel ieve the company is st i l thappy to pay him?What hours does Gerald Li t tey work whenhe is not travelling?Where does he l ive?What makes him t i red nowadays?What does he enjoy doing to relax?

345

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8

910

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of times. When

Vocabulary

1 Answer the clues to complete the crossword.

Acrossz She _ from universi ty with an Honours

degree in Economics.

5 | think I 've made a terr ible

7 l 'm doing an art _ in the evenings.8 Unfortunately, you _ the exam.

Downr I 'm not very good yet, but l 'm mal<ing

3 Have you _ for the history test?

4 We've been doing some _ into why peopteeat fast food.Did you get good _ in your exam?His lectures are so memorable vou don't needto take

Subject/object questions

2 There are mistakes in some of the quest ions.Correct them.

r Who did go to the meeting?z Which room did they go to?

3 What did happen?

4 Where did was Shakespeare born?

s Who did write Macbeth?6 Which character did you t ike best?

z Who did telephone the engineer?8 What did he say?g When did you see her?ro Who did eat the cake?

Vocabulary

3 Complete the sentences using words fromthe box.

pract ice heart brought [earner curvethrown perfect strict picl<ed steepfast deep

1

2

I learn things quickty. I 'm a _ _.We couldn' t play in her lessons. She was a very

teacher.

I Just keep trying and you' l l get better.makesI have learnt so much in the f i rst week. l t 's a_ learning _.I can sing al l the Beat les'songs from memory.| learnt them byI d idn ' t have Span ish lessons . I jus t _ i tup when I was there on hol iday.We didn' t have any training. We , ' , e 'e -st_ in a t the _ end.I was _ up to respec t o lde ' : : : : , .€ .

56

4

5

Adjectives in descriptionslprofessional qualities

4 Replace the words in brackets i \ ' : - : s- ; tableword to complete the sentence s.

r She looked t i red. and he- ' - := , , ' : - . :(her sl<in was white).

z She's a ta l l , s_ ( th: - 1t i r " r t - : -g . rarkhai r .

3 Be careful . That lampbroken).She was such a m_ s - : - : : : : : , .I don ' t t i ke tha t dog. : : : - :n i - , ' _

(aggressive).

H a v e y o u s e e n t h e i - - : r . - : - : = - ! i(h uge).

7 My parents were o_ - -

weren ' t c l osed i i : - = ' { h : ' r : j

i - - i - g .

My uncle was ve- , * ' : { - i r i l : : :about the war.

He t_ h is t_ j : - - : i - 5- .

' - - - -zs go

badly at work.

l e x p l a i n e d t h e : ' : r i - i F ' I 1 t : [ i , i l : i , : " , ru - ( h e k - = ' , - : ' : -

used tolwouldlPast Simple

5 Tick the correct opt ions. There may be morethan one correct opt ion.

r When lwas a boy l_a b icyc le .A use to r ideB used to r ideC would rode

z As a girl she _-A always loving paint.B always would love paint ing.C woutd always love paint ing.

3 We - in a huge house in the countryside.A would liveB used to liveC lived

4 My grandfather _ me how to cook.A would showB showedC use to showI didn' t _ l istening to opera music.A use to enjoyB enjoyedC would enjoyHe once _ me he would never leave.A used to promiseB would promise

C promised

As children we _ very naughty.A wereB used to beingC would be

8 Yesterday, | _ to the cinema.A used to goB wentC would go

Use the words in the box to complete thesentences.

pension nursing home elderlysenior citizen respect retire

r I want to work att my t i fe. I would neverz I earn quite a lot of money, so I try to save

some for my _ .

3 lt 's great. As a _ | get free publictransport .She was very old and lrad spent the last fewy e a r s r n a _ .

There isn' t enough _ for _ people inthis countrv.

Ability: past and present7 Choose the correct answer.

r lvan couldlwas able tolmanaged to get ussome tickets for the show.

z We monaged not tolcouldn'tldidn't able tosee properly because we were in the back row.

3 Were you oble to lcould I manage to reao myhandwri t ing?

4 ldidn't couldlable tolmanage fo send hima message in t ime.Problems meant that they weren't ablelcouldn'tldidn't monage finish the job.Did you monage to lcould lable fo get herautograph?I didn't manage f wosn't able to I couldn,t toswim unt i l I was zz.She couldn't I didn't manaqe I wasn't ableunderstand my accent.I was able lcould I manoged speak threelanguages before I was six years otd.We weren't able to ldidn't could ldidn,t manogecontact you immediately.

8

6

8

9

Vocabulary I idioms about learning

Use words to complete these idioms aboutlearning.r I didn't - a clue what to get her for her

birthdav.z The translation was very difficutt so Ella

me a hand.

3 She asked me for the pr ice so I made aguess.

I picked _ a lot about company [aw when rworked in a [aw firm.She always gives him top marks for his workbecause he is the _ pet.She is always in her study reading books. Sheis a reall ' [ [ need to _ up on my Russian i f I amgoing to work there.He knew the buitding inside _.lrregular verbs are difficutt. you iust have to_ them by heart .She passed the exam with ftying

Vocabulary I phrases with change

1 Use phrases with change to complete the sentences.

r He used to be a lawyer, but then he _ and becamea professionaI art ist instead.

z l t was obvious that I had said the wrong thing, so I quickty

I 'm so pteased that you had a _ of _ and decidedto come after a[ [ .I was planning to go out with everyone from work tonight, butt h e n l _ m y _ .Let 's have a curry tonight. l t woutd _ aI 've been working with this company for f i f teen years. I thinkit's for a

3 Answer the ques t ions aboutthe ar t i c le .

r What is a HackneyCarr iage?In what si tuat ion woutd youhave to let a stranger intoyour house in Scot land?What can happen to menwho wear sk i r ts 1n l ta ly?ls i t a t l r igh t io iake photosn f e l o o n i n o r p : ' q i n

Alaska?

W h a i m i E . - - : : i e n i f y o u

l e a v e a - a : . - : - : : i e d t oa p a r k i : g * : : : ' i F l o r i d a ?

l f y o u ' , ' a - : : : ; 3 ' . ' r o r e- - - - . i -

i l t u i l c , : _ - : _ : : _ - i l l

A " l , ^ - - - - , - - - - - ^ . t An l t r O : : : , ' , a - : J J t U

1 7 6 1 1 - : _ : - : j - _ - - r d n ?v v u ' - - - - -

4 Look at i r 'ematch t t r '€* : :+ L ^ - - r i - -U t E d t U L - =

t ,\1\

t he

56

Reading and vocabulary I the taw

2 Read the art icle, then complete i t with words from the box.

forbidden arrested itlegat fine offence

ItseemsthattheGreekphi losopher ' ,Ar" istor le 'wasrightwhenhesaid' :Evenwhen|awshavebeenw.i t |endown,theyoughtno|a|waystonemainuna|tened' 'Lawsin,o*, purt, of lhe world haven't JhangeO for centuries' and some of them wene

slnange nrght fr"om the staft!

Didyouknow,forexamp|e' thatLond0ntaxislof f ic ial |yca||edHackneycar.r iages).r. ,titt legally r"equined to'car"ry hay and 9{: for their horses to eat? And ln

Fnnlanrl it is f1l to stand within 100 yar"ds t91 metnesl of lhe Gueen'L ' ' U ' u ' ' v '

*itiiorr wearing **rZ frl= aiso illegal for a Member" qf Parliament to enten the

il;;. of parliament, where these cr.azy laws ane made and discussed, weaflng

a full suit of armoun.

l f you l i ve inScot land,h0wever , i l ' s impOf tan l toknowthat i f someoneknocksatthe door of your house, and needs [0 use youl' toilet, you are legally- requir^ed to fe[

f-litln. gut,f yo, ur. Scottish you should stay away from the city of Yot'k' in the

nor . tho fEng|and.There ' i t i sper fec t |y |ega l toshootaScotsmanW| thabOWandarrow, unless it is a SundaYl

But sffange laws don't just exrst in the UK' ln Fnance' you cannot call yO-uf plg

fVupoflon, unO in ltaly, i man can be t2l for wear"ing a skint. That's nob all.

i. nr.ir,., usA, while it,s legal t0 sh00t bears, waking a sleeping bear to tal* tts

or,rri. i; pr:ohibited. still in Alaska, it is consider"ed an t3l t0 pusn a lrve

moose out of an aeroPlane.

Lo tso f |hecnaz ies t |awsseem|o invo |vean ima|s . |nHo l |ywood, i t ' r s i | lega | |o takemore |han2,000sheepdownHo| |ywoodBou levardatanyOnet imeAnd inF lon ida 'ii ., .i.pf,..r is left ried to a par.king melen, the parking fine must be paid, just as

it would for a vehicle.

|-ast ly,chi |dr^enare[4]-- fromgOingt0schoo|wi|htheinbneathsmel| ingof wild onrons in west v"sr* Andln Aikansas, teachens who have a cenlain

haircut ta bobl will not ne biven a pay-nrse. In Flor"rda, a woman can be fined fot"

iuf flng url..p under the hair"-dryer and unmannied women rnusl nOl parachute on

u SrnOuV lf they do, they might be arrested' receive a t5l or be put in jail'

: : d l l u

t r 1 r ' ; ) l l l

D-

0

Grammar I second conditional

Match the sentence halves to mal<e firstor second condit ional sentences.

o

l f we have chi ldrenWe'[t see them morel f S imon d idn ' t spend a t [ h is moneylf they go on hol iday more oftenHe won't watch so much TVWhat would you saylf you won froo tomorrowWe'[ [spend more t ime outside

they wilt feel more relaxeo.what would you spend i t on?when we move to a hot country.we'[ [need a bigger house.he could afford to buy a new car.if they move to this city.i f he asked you to marry him?if he starts going out in the evenings.

7 a GE Coverthe tapescript . Choose thecorrect options.

r I ' l l lwould ca[[ vou tomorrow i f I hear fromthem.

z lf you wantlwanted a faster car, I'd recommendth is one.

3 lf there were more police, lhere won'tlwouldn't be so much crime.

4 lf you didldidn't want him to ca[[, youshouldn' t have given him your number.

5 lf she stops lstopped smoking, she'll probablyput on weight.

6 Where would you go if you hove lhad a freeweekend?

7 lf I had some more money, I will lwould buythat coat.

8 Would it be a problem,if I will asklasked youfor some helo?

9 The house willlwoald be much cteaner if youhe loed.

ro We wouldn'tf won'f be here for [ong, if Eve getsher new job.

b g ts L is ten to the record ingand checkyouranswers. Pract ise saying the sentences.

TABESCRIPT

r l ' [ [ cal l you tomorrow i f I hear from them.z lf you wanted a faster car, I'd recommeno

th is one.

3 l f there were more pol ice, there wouldn' tbe so much cr ime.

4 l f you didn' t want him to cal l , you shouldn' thave given him your number.

5 l f she stops smoking, she' [ probabty puton weight.

6 Where would you go if you had a freeweekend?

7 l f I had some more money, I woutd buythat coat.

8 Would i t be a problem, i f I asked you forsome help?

9 The house would be much cleaner i f vouwould helo.

rb We won't be here for long, if Eve gets hernew iob.

7

2

3

4

55

78

a

b

c

d

e

f

ch

6 Write questions in the second condit ional byusing the verbs in the box and would wherenecessary.

can throw try tett find fine drivegive pick play think smoke hear

r l f you _ some money in the street,you _ i t up?lf a shop assistant _ you some extrac h a n g e , _ y o u _ h e r ?

_ you _ in a publ ic ptace, i f yoube arrested?

- peopte - rubbish in the street i f theywere ?lf you _ it was safe, _ you _ overthe speed l imit?

- you cal l the pol ice i f your neighbourloud music atza.m.?

l f you _ a couple having an argument inthe street, _ you _ to stop them?

3Vocabulary I gtobal issues

Put the letters in the correct order to makewords to complete the sentences.

r He's always on hol iday. He has awonderfu[ (sieteftty)

z The problem in this area is that _ isgetting worse. (ercim)

3 She is researching a _ for heartdisease. (ruec)

4 The _ in many _ countr iesare made worse by (btrspoem/pongedeliv/raw)

l f we don't send some food quickly,people wi[[ suffer (tirastavon)I recycle newspapers and bottles to helpthe _. (meronent inv)

_ has become an important issuesince the terrorist attacks. (cyetisur)

The _ of l iv ing in _ countr iesis very good nowadays. (dtarsadn/petedodev)

There is a factory not far away, whichcreates a lot of _. (toittupon)

He is very i l l in hospital with a rare _.(sasiede)

Gramm&f I adverbs

2 There are mistakes in six of the sentences.Find the mistal<es and correct them.

r I couldn' t understand her because shewas tail<ing too quick.

z Be careful ly when you turn the l ight on!The switch is broken.

3 Basically, we need you to start the iob assoon as possible.

4 I don' t want def ini tely to be late.

5 We possibly wi l l see her at the theatre.6 Unfortunately, we couldn' t contact Mart in.

7 HopefuI she' l l ca[[ us tomorrow.8 | completely understand that the si tuat ion

is difficult.

9 | coutdn' t see the f i lm clear because Ididn' t have my gtasses.

ro The baby was crying loudly because i t wasnungry.

Complete the sentences with suitable adverbs fromthe box.

basica[[y clear ly persona[[y real ly toudlyprobably beautifully unfortunately completely

r The music was ptaying so _ that I couldn' t hear

4

5

the doorbet[ .I was sad because _ we missed the beginning ofthe f i tm.The manager said that we had to pay, but _don't see why we should.Stan wi[[ _ arrive just as we are ready to leave.I was so _ exhausted after the journey that I wentstraight to bed.Coutd you pass me my glasses? | can' t see very _.I _ love her new album. She singsThe story is compl icated, but _ the thieves getcaught as they leave the country.

How to . . . I tat l< abour change

4 Complete the news report using words from the box.

unfortunately got more worsesurpr is ingly st i t t deter iorated changes

New reports from the is land of Timari indicate thatthe si tuat ion there has G)_ overnight. Rebets are(z)_surrounding the government bui ldings anothe fighting on the streets has (l)_ (+)_. NotG)-, shops and businesses have been affected,and people l iv ing in the area are becoming (5)_fr ightened. ()_, we are not able to br ing you a l ivereport , but we wit t be updat ing you through the day asthe situation (8) _.

1

6

78

I

I

Listening5 &&E Cover the tapescript. Listen to the

interview with Pau[, a young man who didsome voluntary worl< in Uganda. Answer thequestions.

r Where d id Pau lgo?z What was his job?

3 Did he enjoy his t ime there?

6 G@ Listen again. Number the topics in theorder that PauI talks about them.

a the probtems with the job Eb l i v ing in Engtand @c exactly where he was working Id recommending the experience !e malcing fr iends If m iss ing h is home Ig going home !

-- '7 Find words in the text which mean:1 someone who works without being paid a wage

2 areas of Austral ia and Afr ica that are in a wi ldstatemiss ing homegive _someone who performs rel igious dut iesland along the side of a r iver or [akesomething that a country/organ isat ion/personhas which they can use _special ski l ts or knowledge that you learn byexperience or training

TPiPrSe RIPT

lnterviewer: Paul, you were a votunteer in Uganda.Tell me, why did the time you spent theremake such a difference to your l i fe?

Paul: I had l ived a very quiet i i fe in Engtand.I had never left the country, never been ona p lane even. And suddenty there I was ona ptane, tanding at Entebbe Airpor t in 4odegrees. I was met by an otd priest, andthen taken into the bush. l t was qui te anamazing change - not l ike anyth ing I hadever exper ienced in England.In fact, at the beginning I was veryhomesick and I just wanted to go backto England, to my f r iends and fami ly andthe tife I knew so wel[. But very quicklyI became completely absorbed by whatI was doing and by what I was able tooffer. Peopte had so l ittte there, andI was able to contr ibute something.It completely changed my life.

Interviewer: What was l ife tike for you at the time?What were condi t ions l ike in Uganda?

Paul : Wel [ , o f course, people d idn ' t have muchmoney, but their l ives were rich in otherways - famity tife was very important. Butl iving in the bush was diff icutt; we werefifteen miles from the nearest oost boxand fifteen miles from the nearest road.The vittage was right on the banks ofthe Ni le .I worked as a doctor seeing about 6opeople a day in a smat l v i l lage. Obviouslythe main probtem was that there werealmost no resources. That made the workvery diff icult. But there were positiveth ings too. I made some very c losefr iends dur ing my t ime in Uganda. And Ican cer ta in ly say that the iourney home,leaving behind the beautiful [andscapesand the people I had met , was much morediff icutt than the journey there.

Interviewer: Would you recommend volunteering topeople l is tening?

Paul : Absotute ly . Volunteer ing is about tendingyour expert ise, whether i t is bui td inghouses, or understanding people. Mostpeople have something to offer. Theexper ience is an amazing one. l t wi l l openyour eyes to so many new th ings and,good or bad, it is hard to see how anvonecould possibly regret it.3

4

56

7

Vocabulary I life decisions

Complete the sentences with verbs from thebox. Put them in the correct tense.

buy go start retire have give upleave decide

7

2

3

4

He _ to study electronics at college.to university in Boston, and I loved it.

56

| _ home when I was r8 years otd.We are saving so that we can _ a housetogether.She is leaving work to _ a baby.I used to go to the gym every day, but I have

7 | don' t think I ' l t_ unt i I I 'm over 7o.I He is nearly 4o, so if he wants to _ a

family, he needs to think about i t now.

Grammar I tnird conditionat

2 Choose the correct opt ions.

r | _ bought it if I 'd known it would be sodifficutt to use.A would have B wouldn' t have C wouldn' t

z We wouldn't have told him if we howhe would react.A had known B knew C had knew

I l f the t ickets had been cheaper, theremore people at the show.A would been B would haveC would have beenThey - the booking i f they d thought therewould be so many people.

A wouldn' t cancel led B woutdn' t havecancel led C haven't cancel ledHe would have contacted us bv now i f the car

A had arrived B has arrived C had arriveThey would have told us i f the f l ight _delayed.A has e had be C had beenI would have told vou not to come i f Ithat the bank would be closed.A realised B had realised C have realisedThe traffic was so bad it _ quicker ifwe had walked.A was B has been C would have been

3 Write sentences using the third condit ional andthe prompts.

r lf there ... traffic, she ... the plane.

z l f the sui t . . . reduced, the man . . . able to buv i t .

3 l f there . . . water ons t ipped.

4 They . . . so wet i f they . . . umbrel las.

5 l f they . . . i t would be so busy, they . . . a table.

5 l f he . . . she had a boyfr iend already, he . . . outto dinner.

the floor, the waiter ...

Listening4 GB Cover the tapescript. Listen to Rachel and Justin talking about decisions they

have made and make notes in the table.

What was thedecision about?

Why did theymake thedecision?

a Write Rachel or Just in for each statement.1 _ had always wanted to hetp people.2 -wanted to be promoted.

3 _ was unhappy at universi ty.

4 _tr ies to f in ish work on t ime.5 - had studied very hard at school.6 _was often away from home.

GB Listen again to check your answers.

Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?

r RacheI found i t easv to decide what to doat university. f

z She had atways wanted to be apsychologist. !

3 Rachel was happy when she got a placeat Med ica lschoot . I

4 She enjoyed her universi ty tectures. IS Just in was a single man who enjoyed his

freedom. !6 When he met Shan the things that were

important to him changed. f ]Z Just in usual ly works tate. !8 He leaves his chi ldren with a babysit ter so

that he can go out in the evenings. I

TAPHSERIPT

Rache[:I think for me the most diff icutt decision I ever had tomake was what to study at university. I started universitystudying medicine. I 'd atways wanted to be a doctorand to be able to help peopte. I 'd studied very hard atschool in order to pass the exams and get into MedicatSchool. And I was detighted when I managed to. Then,surprisingly, when I started the course, I suddenly foundthat I wasn' t happy wi th the decis ion. I d idn ' t enjoy thelectures, and I found working in a hospital environmentextremely diff icutt. I realised that I didn't want to spenothe rest of my life doing this job after all. l t was a verydiff icutt decision at the time, but I left the university, andI ended up studying psychology instead. I don't regrerthe decis ion though. Not at at t .

Justin:I suppose decid ing to buy a house and star t a fami lywas a big decision. Up unti l tast year my work was themost important thing for me. I worked hard to try andget promoted, and I travelled a lot for business. In myfree time, I went out with friends and generalty hao alot of freedom. Then I met Shan, and we decided to tivetogether, and my priorit ies started to change. We gotmarried and started thinking about children. Now I trynot to work late, and I 've told my boss that I don't wantto traveI so much. I tend to spend my evenings at homebabysi t t ing, but I am happy wi th the decis ion. I th ink i t isgreat to be able to spend time with your children whenthey are young.

6

Expressions with change

1 a Mal<e expressions with chonge using theprompts in the box.

the subject my clothes makes amy career the password time for aher hairstyle of heart

h Use the expressions in Ex. ra to completethe sentences. You may need to change thetense.r I have been thinking about my job and I think

it's time toz I didn't recognise her at f irst because she's

I asked you how much money you spent.Don't

I couldn' t get into the computer programme,because you haveHe arr ived on t ime! ThatShe was going to get marr ied, but she hadd . .

l 't l be there in a minute. I just need to _We've been eating pasta atl week. lt 's

First and second conditionals

2 Choose the correct opt ion.

r lf we woitlwillwaitlwould waithere, we'llseethem when they arr ive.

z lf Iwere you,l won'tf wouldn'tf wasn'f go there.

I lf I go/uent/uould go to university again,I would study sociology.

4 We' l lstay in a beaut i fuI hotet i f we golwent lwould go to Prague.

5 lf you gave lgive lwould give him some money,he'd stop asking you.

6 She'11 calllwould calllcalled us when she getsthe message.

7 They wouldn't come unless they wantlwantedlwould want to buy something.

8 She'd be so happy if she won lwin lwould winthe race.

9 | will I wouldn't f won't know how to contact herunless she gets in touch.

ro You'l[ fail your exams if you wouldn't startfdidn't start I do n't stort revising.

Cause and result

3 Use the words in the box to complete thesentences.

lead mean Therefore caused resultso because means

Increased numbers of tour ists that thesights are busier.More people are using publ ic transport . As a_, it 's more crowded.Private companies are used to clean hospitalsnow. This has _to dir t ier hospitals.More young people are employed, which

that it 's more difficult for older peopleto get jobs.

Most heart problems are _ by unhealthyeat ing habits.

Women often give up smoking when they arepregnant _ of its bad effects.China is a growing economy _ more andmore foreign businesses are moving there.The government gives farmers money toproduce crops. _, they produce as manyas oossibte.

Global issues

4 Correct the mistakes in the sentences.

r Starving is a terr ible problem in some developcountr ies.

z Luckily, they have found cure for this awfuldiseases.

3 | think my standard l iv ing is improved sinceI come to this country.

4 I don' t l ike the ci ty because there is too muchpo[[uted.

S I think countr ies should stop to have war.They need to make some peace.

6 Li festyle of the r ich and famous must be verydifficu tt.

7 There is much cr imes in this part of the ci ty.8 We must f ind a solut ions to the problem.

9 Now we can contact people in other countr iesvery easy with the Internet.

ro People al l over the wortd has mobi le phones.

56

78

How to ...5 a Re-order the letters to make words to

complete the sentences.r Luckily, the _(t isuintao) has improveo

recentty. !z l t has got much _ (teber0. I3 The levels of sales are _ (tilst) the

(mase). f]4 I 'm afraid the situation has

Third conditional

7 Write third condit ionalsentences to describehow the situation could have been different.Use the prompts in i tat ics to start the newsentences.r I bought a new car. I didn't have enougn

money to go on hotidav.t f t_The manager was so difficutt to work for weleft the company.lf the manager _The bui lders took long [unch breaks. The jobwasn't f in ished on t ime.The job

It was a sunny day. We sat in the garden eat ingice creams.WeShe fel tand broke her [eg. She didn' t becomea professional dancer.lf sheThe train was delayed. He arrived late for work.HeI didn' t read the contract careful ly. I s igned i t .I wouldn't _When Picasso t ived by the sea, he paintedsuch beaut i fuI landscaoes.Picasso might not

9 She l ived by hersetf . She fett lonelv.She

ro John Lennon was a famous rock star. His sonbecame a wel l -known musician.tf_

Vocabulary

8 Add a pref ix and/or a suff ix to the words inbrackets to complete the sentences.r I can' t t rust him any more. He has been so

(honest)z This fish is _. tt 's almost raw. (cook)3 The _ is responsible for education. (govern)4 He went to a ct inic for some pr ivate _

(treat)

5 Have you found some cheap _?(accommodate)

5 He doesn't understand the _ of savingmoney. (important)

7 A high level of _ causes problems for theeconomy. (emptoy)

8 The United States of America declared i ts- on 4 )uly t776. ( independent)

9 There was a powerfut student _ in ther97os. (move)

ro I don't think it wilI make any _. (different)

(etarditeroed). I5 Interest ingly, robberies have become much

_(sels) common. I6 Not _ (gisiutrspryn), the si tuat ion hasn' t

- (denghac) for months. !b Ticl< the sentences which refer to a change.Put a cross next to the sentences which referto no change.

Adverbs

6 Choose the correct opt ion.r She - packed her bags and lef t .

A quickly

B interest inglyC completely

z They _ didn' t want us to know aboutthe money.A quickty

B obviouslyC thoughtful ly

I She said the train arr ived at two p.m., but_ i t doesn't get here unt i l three p.m.A hopefuttyB def ini telyC actual ly

'4 _, I won't be sorry to see him go.A Persona[[yB Defini telyC Real ly

5 He was always taking days off, so _ hetost his job.

A actual lyB def ini tetyC not surpr is ingly

6 The meeting was very long, but _ theygot what they wanted.A completelyB basical lyC personal ly

7 She's gone to live in Thaitand for a year.- , she' t l enjoy i t .A Surpr is inglyB personal ly

C Hopeful ly

Vocabulary I wort<

Do the word puzzle by completing thesentences below.

r He has studied at universi ty so he has the r ightq_ for the job.

z There are a lot of ch_ when you start anew job .

She has worked as a doctor for twenty yearsso she is very e_.We are cetebrat ing because Magda has beenn lr - .

The pay is not very good, but we get lots ofp-, l ike long hot idays.I t is very t i r ing because I have to worl< sucht hI need some extra money so I've asked to worl<olf I get the promotion, I shoutd get a p_r

9 They wi l l of fer me the job i f I have got goodr

ro Teaching chi ldren is hard work, but watchingthem learn is very r_.

GrammAX I make, let, allow

2 Rewrite the sentences using the verbs inbracl<ets and l<eeping the same meaning.

r Our boss doesn't at low us to smoke in theoffice. (tet)

z Employees can wear jeans to work. (al low)

3 We have to work very hard because of the newmanager. (make)

4 Most chi tdren are not permit ted to watch TVafter rop.m. (attow)

5 The teacher said that we coutd use ourdict ionaries. ( let)

6 Ruby tet ls her son to make his bed. (make)

7 Chitdren are not permit ted in the club. (at tow)

8 The restaurant owner said that my dogcouldn' t go in the restaurant. ( [et)

3 Read and complete the emai l with the verbsfrom the box.

allowed let mal<e allowed tomal<es doesn't let

Hi Michele,We're having great fun in London, except for theproblems with our host family. The lady we are stayingwith is very strict and she 1)_ us come homeby 1Op.m. every evening, so we can't go out with theother students, which is a shame. We aren't 2)_to bring friends home either, and she 3)_ uscook. We have to eat her cooking all the time, and it'sterrible! The school is really good though, and we likeour teachers. They 4)_ us study hard, but we're5)_ choose which books we use, and they 6)__ us talk in Spanish if we need to Hope you're havinga good time on the beach!Lots of love

Mar ianna

HOw tO. . . I present ideas to a group

4 Put the phrases in the correct places tocomplete the short tal l<.

usters. When You are

You reallY need is one

offer chair rnassage and

o reduce 511s55 3t work'

lstressbusters' When

lmPuter alt daY' You do

ise' l f You get angry' the

" stress goeS into your neck and shoulders' This

': , Gdo meah that you don't work v*etI' - '_-

no*

a Stressbusters chair massage can help' This

chair massage only takes ten rnii'lutes-.you can

stay in your off ice' i t is cheap and you don't

need to take Your clothes off

)--- is that a regular rnassag€ rr the off ice

can help to reduce stress so f,hai you rvork

better, and have a better ' 'a

6)-that you don t le' l s ' t"ress lel {rorse'

)- 'our massage stops siress ne{ore i t

O*o*"" a Problem' Yo: s5curd i l - f l r '

8)-_- for l istening ' ' - '

Thanl< you Secondly, l ' i l ta lk abo;:Are there any quest ionsThe most impor tan t th ing fo r i s sGood a f te rnoon Our ma in i ce :ld l i ke to te l l you In conc{us l l *First ly, I 'm going to tatk abo.:

D

Listening

&M Cover the tapescript. Listen to therecording, then choose the correct answer.Which quest ions does the interviewer discuss?a Should pol i t ic ians wear sui ts?b ls i t a good idea for workers to wear casual

clothes at work?c Does wearing a sui t at work hetp you get

promoted?

6 ' &m Listen again. Choose the correct opt ions.r Simon Hobbs is an employeelan employerla

psychologist.

z Phonezyou employees wear suitslwhat thevwant to the office.

3 Some psychologists think that wearing casualclothes will mean that worl<ers are moref lesspolite, and wi[[come to work eorlierllater.

4 Phonezyou started to let employees weartheir own clothes to work a few years agollastyear, and they found that sales decreasedlincreased.

5 Simon bel ieves that wearing casuaI clothes atwork means that workers are more stressed Irelaxed, they socialise moref less, and thevleave work e arli e r I late r.

5 He says he thinks i t makes relat ionshipsbetween worlcers and their bosses betterlworse.Simon says some of his cl ients doldon' texpect employees to wear sui ts.He always I occasionolly I neyer wears a suitto meetings.He believes that workers shoutd do what theboss decides ldecide for themselves.He says that nowadays important Americanand European sportsmen lpoliticians andbusinessmen wear cosualf formal clothes.

TAP€58R!PT

Interviewer: Today we're going to tatk about casuarFridays. Many businesses nowadays,inc luding some of the b ig c i ty banks, te ttheir workers wear their own casuaI clothesto work on a Friday. So, are casual Fridays agood idea? Or are employees who come rowork in suits actually more productive thanthose who come in jeans? Here to ta lk to ustoday is Simon Hobbs, who is the managingdirector of phonezyou, a mobi le phonecompany which won the Best Employer ofthe Year award. Simon, what do you th ink?How does what you wear affect peopreat work?

Simon: Wett , I th ink one of the most importanrdecis ions we made as a company was toa[[ow employees to wear their own clothesto the office. There are a lot of people whoth ink that i f you don' t wear a sui t a t worK,you' l l be tess product ive, and that youwon't work as hard. Some psychotogistssay that i fyour c lothes are re laxed, thenyour manners wi l l be re laxed, and so wi t tyour productivity. They think that peoprewon't respect their bosses, and that thev'i lcome to work late.But we found the opposite. lt 's true thatthe way you look affects the way you think,feel and act , but we th ink that i f peopleare wearing their own clothes, then they'remore relaxed, less stressed, and that they,ltfeel more involved in their work.

Interviewer: I 'm sure that's true. So when did yourcompany change i ts pot icy on th is?

Simon: Quite a few years ago. We started withcasual Fridays, and we found that theatmosphere in the office reaily changed onthose days, and sates actual ly increased.So last year we introduced the ideafor every day. I think it helps improvecommunicat ions between workers anotheir bosses, and between the workersthemselves. you see more young workerslaughing and jok ing, and they actual ly tendto stay at work later and go out sociatryafterwards too.

Interviewer: Do some of your customers sti i l expect tosee your s taf f in uni forms or in sui ts?

Simon: Yes, I th ink they do. And I do wear a sui tsomet imes. l t 's important for people towear what they feel comfortable in. Soif I go to a big business meeting, withimportant c t ients, I might wear a sui t then. Imean, powerful decision-makers in Americaand Europe, and in most of the wor ld _ theyall sti l l dress very conservatively, so thereis stitt a place for that, but I think it 's niceto give your emptoyees a choice, and tetthem decide, rather than make them dosomething that they are not happy wi th.

10

Vocabulary | -in7l-ed adjectives

Complete the sentences with the words fromthe box.

depressing excited frighteningconfusing fr ightened bored t i r ingexhausted annoyed relaxing

r I don' t watch horror f i lms. I f ind them too

I 'm real ly _ about start ing my new job.It's going to be great.

I t makes me sad. The news about the war isvery _.I was so that I tef t the cinema before thef i tm had f inished.When I am stressed, l istening to music makesme feel better. lt 's veryI 've been working long hours this week, so I 'm

I don' t understand these instruct ions. TheV aretoo !Frances was rea[[y _ when she discoveredwe had spent al l the money.

9 | have to carry lots of heavy boxes so my job isquite _.

ro She started screaming because she was _of soiders.

Gramm&f I reported speech

Complete the sentences with say, tell or ask.You wil l need to change the tense.r Jesse _ he would see us later.

The recept ionist _ us for our passports.

The bus dr iver me where the stat ionWAS.

| _ her for her telephone number.We _ we wanted to stay for a week.| _ you that I would pay for the dinner.He me for the t ime.I _ him i t was half past three.I ' t t_ my mother for some money.I didn' t know what to to her.l _ h i m y o u r n a m e .He _ that he had seen her before.We got [ost, so we had to _ for directions.Although he _ me when the show starts,I've forgotten what he

r She sa id tha t her name and sheBrazi l .

z She said that she in London andcaf6.She said that she for three months andshe _ i t , but she _ famity and fr iendstoo.She said that she _ to go back home atChristmas, but she _ very much money, soshe _ the f t ight.She said that she _ her brother _, andthat he _ to vis i t _ the _ month.

6 She said that maybe she _ ask himner some money.

z She said that when she _ to Brazi l , she_ never forget her experiences in England.

s She said that she _ a lot of great fr iends.

2

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ReadingRead the text and match the paragraphs to thesummary sentences.

r Try not to make your col leagues too angry.z Some managers wi[ [ atways get angry with

people who have just started work.3 What makes people angry at work?

4 Some managers think that gett ing angry wi i lmake their staff look up to them.l f someone gets angry with you, you should tryto stay calm.Managers usuat ly have part icular things whichalways make them angry.

j ]o ,

o

theangerisdirected 4I O A t a n d r r r r r r i f h n n t ' . - + ^ 4 1 + ^ ^ ^ ^

if they can bu111, them. If you areyou need to work out if the ange- because you have done sometL

Sometimes the

o

business - this is how vour mana

!

Read the text again and f ind words or phrasesin the text which mean:r get angry - _ your _, go _z bad management management

c o p e w i t h - _ w i t h

a management styte - a managementlook up to someone someonefr ighten someone who is smal ler or weakerthan you someonedecide after thinking careful ly - _ outbecome quiet instead of being angry - calm

the opposite of speed up - _ down

6 Use the words from Ex. 5 to complete thissummary.The art icle describes how management i sthe main reason why peopte _ theirat work, and it offers advice to help workers

with a di f f icul t boss. l t explains how somemanagers use anger as a managementin order to make employees _ them. Somebosses may _ new staff to see how theyreact. l t is important to _ out why your bossis angry, so that you can try to avoid it. lf thisdoesn't work, and your boss goes _, thearticle suggests that you take deep breaths tohelp slow _ your breathing, and this wi l hetpyou to _ down.

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Gfammaf I past obtigation/permission Vocabulary

Complete the sentences with as few words aspossibte to convey the meaning in bracl<ets.

r We were - to smoke at my school. (it waspermitted)

3 Read and complete these iob advert isementswith words from the box.

prioritising give type makinguse persuading spealt deal ingwork wetl organising

' Are you good at (ro) - people to do

z ln my last job we - ask the computerengineer to help i f we had problems. ( i t waspermitted)

I | - pay the extra money in the end. ( i t

wasn't necessary)

| -you - to go to Part ies when Youwere younger? (was it permitted?)

; They - to wait for three hours beforethey were al lowed into the exhibi t ion. ( i t wasnecessary)

5 | - use my mobi le phone because I was in

the tibrary. (it was not permitted)

7 Did you - wait a long t ime to get a refund?(was it necessary?)

8 We - leave our sui tcases at the airport sothat they could be checked. (we were obt iged)

9 You aren' t - to wear shoes in here. ( i t isn' tpermit ted)

ro In my last school, we - use the Internetfor more than twentv minutes. ( i t wasn'toermitted.

The words in the box have been tal<en from the text. Ticl< the [inesthat are correct and, where a word is rnissing, write the correctword at the end of the l ine.

had couldn't to allowed have could were to

th ings? Then you could jo in our busy

sales team and earn extra money working

from home. For more deta i ls contact

Mike. Dod ge@workf ornothin g.com

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Schools are di f ferent nowadays. They used to be much worse.

When I went to school we weren't atlowedlwear our own ctothes, we

had to wear a uniform. And our skir ts to be tong enough to cover

our knees. Our teacher woutd make us kneel down and checl<

that our skir ts touched the f toor. We had wear dark, f lat shoes,

with no heels, and we weren' t to wear make-up. This was a boarding

school, so we stayed at the school for the whole term, but

we a[towed to go into town twice a week. I always went with a friend.

We go to the shops to buy sweets and dr inks, or to the I ibrary, but

we go to the cinema unt i I we were in the f inal year. I used to love the

summer hol idays, when I could go home, and I didn' t to fol tow rules al l day [ong.

to

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Do you'dream of getting a newjob or startingyour ownbusiness, but woruv about how to achieve vour dream?

Reading

Realise your drearTl...

Most of us have dreams, big or small, whether they are toown our or,tin businesses or simply to be happier. Dreatlsare goor;l because theygive us direction and somethingto focus on

(1) _ Br,rt often we are so frightened of makingchanges thatlve doubt ourselves and our abilities'Making youu dreams comtl true usuially means makingchanges to your life, and that frighterls many people,'saysKatc Enrmerson, a life coaclr rvho is baseri in Johannesbuirg'turcl

these changes don'tjust affect us Thc.y affect thepeople around us (z) _'So how can yoLl help yourself to realise your dreams?'Its

important to realise that aclrievingyour clream wiiltake commitlne nt, and it probably rvont be easy. Life is ajourney of continuous learning, and there tnaybe problenrson the way. (:)

When rare lrave a drealt there are a few easy steps wc cal,ltake to help r,is achierre it

You need to be sure thatyour dreau is realistic (+) _Be specific aboutyour dream and make a contractwithyourself Write it dor,vn Seeing yolu goal in writing, with

4 Read the art ic le, then choose the best summarvsentence. The art ic le:

r talks about the meanings of dreams.z gives advice to people who can' t s leep.

3 gives advice about how to achieve your dreams.

+ tet ts peopte how to know i f they are dreaming.

5 The fo[[owing sentences are from the art icte.Use them to complete the gaps r-6.

a Don't set goals that are impossible to achieve.b How we react to those problems wi[ [ depend

on how strongly we want to reach our goals.c Remember to l<eep i t s impte, and take i t just

one step at a t ime.d They don't necessari ly mean that we are

unhappy, but they hetp to put l us forwardto do new things.

e They are happy with you as you are.f And often the people around us, our fr iends

and family, don' t want us to change.

a date for completion, will help keep you focusedFind someone to supportyou and to help your achievewhatyou need Usuallypeople asksomeone from theirfamily but they are not usually the best people to ask (5)

- Try asking a friend who knows you well and canunderstand whatyou wantto do

List your obstacles - the things that might get in the wayof your dream - and work out hor,rryou r,vill overcomethem Spend thirty minutes each day doing somethingtowards your dream. Perhaps the most important thingto do is askyourself each day '\Mhat is the single thingthat I can do that will take me just one step closer to mydream?'(6)

6 a Match the words in A to the words in B.Ar make your d reamsz real ise

3 tal<e one

+ get in

5 s e t a

Ba your d reamsb the wayc come trued goat

e step at a t ime

b Comple te the adv ice , us ingone o f theexpressions in Ex. 6a.

r l t 's impossible to achieve everythingimmediately. You have to _ .

z You must be determined to succeed. Don'tlet anything

3 When you _, be real ist ic.

4 You have to worl< hard if vou want to

Vocabulary: jobs

1 Choose the correct opt ion.

r I retiredlappliedlworked for a job as a policeofficer, but I didn't get it.

z He was made redundant from his job, so nowhe is unemployed I overtime I retired.

f The advantage of my work is that I can workrewa rd i n g I ch a lle n g es I flexiti m e.

4 One of the biggest chollenges lrewording lpayr6e was learning a new language.

s She works such overtimellong hourslalldaythat she should geta promotedlrewordinglpoy nse.

6 He's been doing the job for years so he's veryre wa rd i n g I exp e ri e n ce d I refe re n ce s.

7 l'm applying lexperienced lpromoted for anew job, so I need to ask you for a perkslCVlreference.

8 JM just goto joblpoy riselpromofedto seniormanager.

9 The pay isn't very good. Are there any perkslpoy riselreferences?

makq het, al\ow

2 Correct the errors in these sentences, but l<eepthe same verbs.

r We not al towed to go into the conference ha[[ .z She wouldn' t let me to see a doctor.

3 They should to make her get a job.

+ Did they make you f i t t ing in a form?

5 Am I at low to smoking?6 The landlord doesn't to let us have oart ies.

7 Her parents let to her to do anything shewants.

8 He's angry because we won't let he go to thec inema a lone.

9 Why don't we allowed to speak during the test?ro When we play chess together, my father

atways let that I win.

How to ...: present ideasto a group

3 Put the words in the correct order to mal<esentence openings.

r about you to t ike tet t l 'dz talk I 'm about to going , First ly

3 . for important us most thing The is

4 is ma in idea Our

5 I ' l [ about , tai l< Secondly5 uo To sum

Vocabulary

4 Choose the correct opt ion.

r lf lam feeling tiredltiring atthe end of the day,I have a bath and read my book. I f ind i t veryrelaxed I reloxing.

z He's frightened lfrightening of dogs.

3 | can' t wait to see you again after at l this t ime.l'm so exciting lexcitedl

4 He never says 'please' or ' thank you' . l t 's real lyannoying I annoyed.

5 I'm not very good with figures. I find them tooconfused I confusing.

6 He's abitdepressedldepressinq because hecan't f ind a job.

7 | have been working long hours, so I 'mexh a uste d I exh o u sti n g.

8 I can' t stand that soap opera. l t is so boredlboring.

9 They were rewardedlrewarding when theyfound the camera.

ro The documentary film was very interestinglinterested.

Reported speech

5 Comptete the sentences with sayl tel l lask.Youmay need to change the tense. There may bemore than one possibi l i ty.

1 My boyfr iend _ me to marry him!z We _ her to meet us at the stat ion.

3 The interviewer _ us i f we had enjoyedmaking the record.

4 Why didn' t you _ me before?

5 We _ for some free tickets, but themanager _ 'no ' .

6 He _ he would be here by two o'clock.

7 They _ us whether we t iked l iv ing inEdinburgh.

8 | _ | would do the work as soon aspossible.

g She _ me how much i t cost, so Iher.

ro They - there's another hotel iust roundthe corner.

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Reported speech 2

Choose the best option.r He _ my daughter to be quiet.

A saidB totdC asked toShe - i t was the best hol iday she hadever been on.A totdB said meC saidThey - that I would be late for themeeting.A totdB askedc told me' l have been here for too long. 'She totd me that she _ for too long.A had been thereB had beenC have been here'Woutd you t ike to come to nry house fordinner?'She asked me _ for dinner.A i f I t ike to go to her houseB i f she wanted to go to my houseC whether I wanted to go to her house'The car wi l l be ready tomorrow. 'He said that the carA witt be ready the next daye would be ready the next dayC had been ready tomorrow

Job requirements

8 Complete the sentences with words from thebox.

prioritise accurately irregular figuresdecisions presentat ions pressuredelegating range long solving

r As a sales team, we have to give goodz l'm a taxi driver so I work and

nours.

I work as a therapist , so l 'm quite good at_ problems.

Here in air t raf f ic control , the most importantthing is to work very _.In the off ice I use a _ of computersoftware.I use an accountant because I 'm not very goodatI t ry to do everything myself because I am nogood atI have too many things to do, so I have to_ my work.I couldn' t be a manager because I can' t make

I actual ly have my best ideas when I 'm workingu noer

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Did you watch the football match?Excuse me. Where is the restroom?l'tI see you in the shopping centre.We need to stop for gos.Did you br ing your cel l phone? _He was driving at r5o k.p.h. atong the highwoy.

rr You mustn't cycle on the sidewolk.tz l'm sorry, but Ihe lift is out of order.

Vocabulary

What is the American- or Brit ish-Englishequivalent to the words in i tal ics?t I mai led her a let ter this morning.z We went home to watch a film. _3 | need to move out of my apartment on Friday.

Where did you go to secondary school?

Past obligatiorVp ermission7 Complete the sentences with couldf couldn,t,

was(n't) lwere(n't) allowed, had to, didn,thave to.

At school, we _ play outside in the rain.(lt was necessary)My brother _ show his passport atcustoms. (lt wasn't necessary)As chi ldren, we _ to talk at the dinnertabte. ( l t was not permit ted)

4 We _ ptay football every afternoon. (ltwas permitted)

5 | _ to drive my father's car. (lt wasn'tpermitted)

5 Unfortunately, we arrived late so wesit at the back. (lt was necessary)

7 The talk wasn't very interest ing because weask quest ions. ( l t wasn't permit ted)

I hope you _ wait too [ong. ( l t wasn'tnecessary)

Vocabulary I verbs connected with memory

Setect the correct words in i tal ics.r We musl remindf rememberto buy some milk.

We haven't got any [eft.

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Hurry up! You're going to missllose the train.This house reminds I remembers me of theplace where I used to l ive.

I keep forgetting lmissing to pay my phone bi...

Can you remind me to lremind me of callRob in? | need to speak to h im.I've forgotten llost my key. I can't find itanywhere.Do you remindf rememberlhe day we met?

This programme reminds me oflreminds me toa fitm I saw last week.Living so far away, do you lose lmiss yourfamity?

I've missedlforgotten how to play this game.

Grammar I wishlif only

2 Use two or three words to complete the secondsentence of each pair so that they mean thesame as the f irst sentence.r We haven't got any matches to l ight the f i re.

I wish some matches.z I can't afford that skirt.

I wish that skir t .

3 She is very sad that she missed your wedding.

She wishes _ your wedding.

4 You atways make a mess in the ki tchen!

I wish make a mess in the ki tchen!

5 We were late for the train, so then we missedour f l ight!l f only _ late for the train!

5 You live too far awav, so we never see eachother.l f only _ ctoser to me.

7 | can' t do this biotogy homework. l t 's toodifficutt.

| - better at biotogy.

8 | love China but I can' t speak the language.

I w ish Ch inese.

9 I ate a disgust ing pizza.

I wish _ Ihat pizza.

ro You're always complaining!

I What do these people wish? Write sentencesusing the phrases from the box.

not be so short not buy this carhave more money revise can run fasternot go sl<i ing2

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4

5

Vocabulary I nature collocations

4 Which col locat ion in each group is notpossible?

r The w ind

A was blowing att night.B was very strong.

c was bright.z We heard

A them r iding their horses.B the shout ing of horses.C the hooves of horses.

3 She walked slowly through theA strong wood.

B dark wood.C dense wood.

4 The snowA f lakes came down.

B fe t ta t tn igh t .C dr ipped fast.

5 From our boat we saw theA back ofthe lake.B shore of the [al<e.

C frozen lake.

I wish _ stop complaining!

Readinga What do you th in l< a 'b ra in p i l l ' does?A Destroys bad memoriesB Makes you more intel l igentC lmproves your memoryD Hetps you read another person's mind

Now read the text to f ind out.

Answer the quest ions.

r Why would soldiers [ ike a brain pi t t?z Which 37 mit l ion people woutd welcome

a bra in p i l l?

3 What are a number of pharmaceut icaIcompanies try ing to do?

4 What ethicaI quest ion does the text ask aboutstudents using brain pi l ls?

5 What might businesses begin to do, accordingto the text?

6 How has the use of plast ic surgery changed?

7 How long wit [ we have to wait for the brainoi l ts?

8 How does Dr Sue Ctarke compare humans'memor ies and an imals ' memor ies?

,{1f.But a memory pil l raises ethical questions roo.'ilr:ir' History tells us that the pill would be used not

only by ill people, but also by peopie who justwanted to remember everyone's name at parties,or the laziest students. Is this fair on poorerstudents who couldn't afflord the pill? Wouldbuiinesses start asking their workers to take pil lsso that they performed better? Would we dividequiz shows into two types: contestants with brainpil ls and contestants without?

- " "

r ,5 Medicine and its processes evolve. Often, the:ii:rii:: original purpose gets lost. This has happened

with piastic surgery (originally for soldiers withinjuries to the face; now used by middle-agedactors who want to stay prettier for longer) andit happened with Prozac. It may happen withcloning. The truth is, we don't know how amemory pill would affect society. Fortunately,we probably have a few more years to thinkabout it Most scientists believe that the drugsneed much more testing. Some of these drugswork weli with animals, but, as Dr Sue Clarke,one of the scientists working in this area, says,'It isn't clear that animals use the same kind ofmemories as humans. A mouse doesn't haveto remember a shopping iist during the day.'

e Match the headings to the correct paragraph.a What usual ly happens with medicine? Eb Quest ions society needs to ask Ic The solut ion for exam students! fd Who needs a 'b ra in p i [ t ' a t work? !e B ig bus inesses search ing fo r 'b ra in p i t t ' E

d Complete the summary of the text. Use oneword in each gap.

Brain pi l ts would be welcomed by students whowere studying for (r)_. Many professionswould also use them: for example, people who(z)_ in shi f ts, pi lots and soldiers who don'tget much ( l )_. But brain pi l ts raise many(+)_ too, about how society would use them.Many scient ists say that the pi l [ needs to be(s)- more, before we can use it safelv.

Vocabulary I describing great people

Complete the sentences with words fromthe box.

talented encouraged couragedetermined dedicated involved

r Maryam Babangida is _ to improveeducat ion for Nigerian women.Toni Morr ison is an extremely _ wri ter.She won the Nobel Pr ize for Li terature in ry93.Rigoberta Menchu _ her l i fe to the poorpeople of Guatemata.

4 Amelia Earhart had the _ to f ly atoneacross the At lant ic.

5 Wangari Maathai is _ in pol i t ics in Kenya.She won the Nobel Peace Prize in zoort .

6 J K Rowting's Harry Potter books havemany young children (and some adults!) to read.

Gfammfl,f I past tenses review

2 Choose the correct verb tense.By the age of twenty, Linda Evangelista hadalready been lwas already a model for five years.Fourteen-year'old Kate Moss walked I waswalking in JFI( Airport when a fashion agentfirst saw her.Naomi Campbet t s ta r ted mode[ [ ing asa teenager, and then wrotelhad writtena noveI in ry95.When Cindy Crawford became a modet,she already startedlhad already started auniversi ty degree in chemicaI engineering.

Jut ia Roberts made her f i rst f i tm at twenty.Before that she was beina lhad been a modet.

Complete the sentences by putt ing the verbinto the Past Cont inuous or Past Perfect.

:. After we _ (l<now) Michelle for a fewmonths, we invi ted her over for tunch.PauI arr ived four hours [ate. He explained thathis car _ (break down) in Lyon.Oh sorry, _ (you talk) to me?When they arr ived, i t was hot because MrsBtofetd _ (switch on) the heat ing.We _ (wait) for the bus when i t startedra in ing.I f i rst began gett ing these headaches whi leI _ ( t isten) to rock music.Scot land was completely new to Max. He_ (go) there before.

4 Complete the text by putting the verb in bracl<etsinto the Past Simple, Past Continuous or PastPerfect.

3

:: t ime, lying in bedfor months in terribl.e pain, she discovered art. She

G) , , (paint) the things around her, her room,

the view from the bed, self-portraits. 'My paintingcarries with it the message of pain-,lshe said.

l'qida also said,'I suffered two accidents in my life:onq when the tram hit me. The other accident isDiego.'I)iego was Diego Rivera, the great Mexicanpainter who eventually became her husband. Itwas while she (4)_ (attend) school that Fridafirst saw him. A few years later, -she saw him againwhen he (5)_ (work) on a mural in MexicoCity. She showed him one of her paintings. By now,Frida'(6)_ (finish) many pictures, and her workwas original and striking. Rivera encouraged herto ccintinue.

In 1930 they (7)- (go) to the USA, whereRivera was a great success. Frida hated the country,but during this time she began to paint some ofher grearest work. It was while they (8)_ (stay)in the USA that they both had many affairs, eventhough they (9)- (got) married back in Mexicoin 1929.

?

4

In 1953, Frida had her first solo exhibition inMexico. On the day of the opening she was ill inhospltal, While the guests (10)- (wait) for theexhitrition to open, a noisy ambulance came rushingthrough the street. The ambulance doors openedand,Frida was carried into the art gallery,where she(f l) ,,, (talk), drank and laughed with everybody.Finally, she had achieved fame for herself. By thetirre she died, she (12)_ (become) a legend, oneof Mexico's greatest painters, whose life stil1 inspire swomen and men all over the world.

€ FRIDA KAHLO +

One day in 1925,Frida Kahlo (1)_

(travei) bv busthrough MexicoCity when thebus crashed into atram. 1S-year-oldFrida was seriouslyinjured. As a youngchild, she (2)_(already suffer)from po1io, but this

How to . . . I say numbers

5 Correct the words which do not match thenumbers .

r two and a half percent : z.5o/"2 one bi l t ion : 1,ooo,ooo

I the ninety sevent ies = 19zos

+ the third of Apri t , two thousand and f ive :

o3.04.o5twelve thousand and ninety-eight = r ,298three fours = 3/+

eighteen dol lars and twenty cents : $r8.zoninety-nine and nine percent : 99.9"/"the twent ieth century : Czothforty thousand : /1o,ooonineteen ninety-six : 1969eleven and half = 11rfz

6 a Write these words in numbers.

four thousand, two hundred and ten - 4,270r sixteen thousand, three hundred and forty-

n tne

z a third

3 fourteen percent

+ the third of December, two thousand and six

5 eighty-eight dol lars, seventy-one cents

6 the nineteen sevent ies

b Write these numbers and dates in words.f45.zo - forty-five pounds, twenty pencet f23,993

z rl4

3 99.8%

4 799os

5 3olrzloT

c @ Listen to the sentences. Underl inethe number or date that vou hear.r 4 4 , 9 9 8 B + , g 8 gz A f75 .99 B f tg .gg3 A6o"/o B 5o%

4 A $ l n l q B r s l n l o 3

5 A 6 ' 1 , B t 6 ' f ,6 A t 9 9 o s B r 9 8 o s

7 A ztst century B zoth century8 A roth )anuary t969 B roth luly t969

9 A r , o o o B r , o o o , o o or o A $ r , 8 4 5 B $ r , 3 4 5

d @B Now read the numbers and datesyou underl ined in Ex.6c. Listen and check.

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72 TA,PESCRIPT10,1

r There were four thousand, n ine hundred and n inetv-eight peopte at the conference.

z lt costs seventy-nine pounds, ninety-nine pence,which is quite cheap reatty.We are expecting a fifty percent increase in sales.The programme starts on the fifteenth of November,two thousand and three.I 've had the car for about six and a half years now.I l isten to a lot of music from the nineteen-eightiesThere have been changes in transport, even sincethe beginning of the twenty-first century.

8 | was born on the tenth of July, nineteen sixty-nine.

9 A mittion men came to Washington that day.ro This washing machine costs one thousand three

hundred and forty-five dollars.

TAPESCRIPT

lo.2r Four thousand, n ine hundred and n inety-e ightz Seventy-nine pounds, ninety-nine pence

Fifty percent

The fifteenth of November, two thousand and threeSix and a half years

The n ineteen-eight iesThe twenty-first centuryThe tenth ofJuly , n ineteen s ix ty-n ine

9 A mi t l ionro One thousand three hundred and fortv-five dollars

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6 zoth century

Grammar I phrasalverbs

1 Circle the correct word in each sentence.

r I hope the band turns inlup.z l'm going through lin a difficutt time at work.

3 Excuse the interruption. Please carry overfonwhat you were doing.

4 He called roundloff the wedding.

5 | hope you can come uplat with some betterideas than that!

6 She split uploff with her husband after twomonths.

7 | can't put up lon with your behaviour anymore!

8 Strange things go in lon in this town att thet ime.

9 lf | leave now, I' l l never come offlback.ro We need to find uplout what time the train

leaves.

? Complete the second sentence of each pair soi t has the same meaning as the f i rst . Use two orthree words including the verbs in brackets.

r They stopped going out together a year ago.(sptit)

T h e y _ a y e a r a g o .z The party wi[ [ be cancel led because of the rain.

(catD

They _ the party because of the rain.

3 Miners tolerate terr ible working condit ions.(put)

Miners _ terr ible working condit ions.

4 | asked her what was happening. (go)

I asked her what

5 | wit t cont inue studying unt i [ | f in ish thecourse. (carry)

| _ studying unt i l I f in ish the course.You never arrive on time! (turn)

You always _ [ate!Your friend isn't returning today. (come)

Your friend today.We discovered some interesting thingsyesterday. (find)

We _ some interesting things yesterday.The team is experiencing a difficutt time. (go)

The team _ a di f f icul t t ime.We've thought of some new solutions. (come)

We've some new solut ions.

3

Writing I formatvs informal

a Match the formal phrases, r-n, to theinformal phrases, a-k.

r I wi l I contact you.z Thank you very much.

t The work has been completed.

4 | took forward to hearing from you soon.

5 Further detai ls can be found on our website.6 | am wri t ing to enquire about . . .

7 You are very welcome.8 | took forward to seeing you soon.g Kind regards.ro I am abte to attend.rr I wi l larr ive at 8.3o.

a Best wishes.b You can get more info on the website.c I can come.d You're welcome.e I just wanted to ask about.f Wri te back soon!g I ' l l be there at 8.3o.h See you soon.i Thanks a lot .j l ' i l get in touch.k We've finished the work.

b Complete the emai ls with phrases fromEx. 3a.

Hi Johnny

G)- for inviting me to the party onSaturday. I love parties and I love London!I asked my parents and they agreed, so(z)_! My train leaves at 6.30,

(+)_ to you and Ruby,Todd

G)_! lt ' l l be great to see you! The partyis going to be organised by PartyPeople24l7.It should be excellent.(6)- about them. I'm out of town til lFriday, but (Z)_ on Saturday afternoon,and l' l l meet you at the station. (8)_.Johnny

Listening4 a Which of these are good ways of

remembering vocabulary? Which onesdo you use?r Review new words regularly (almost every

dav). Iz Stick notes around your house with new worcs

on them. I3 Test yourself regutarty. !4 Use new words in class whenever you can. !5 Draw pictures of words and phrases. I6 Read your notes before you go to bed. !b GD Cover the tapescript. Listen to twolanguage students discussing how to rememberthings they learn. Number the things in Ex. 4ain the order that they mention them.

e Listen again and select the best answer.r What is their relationship?

A They are classmates.B He is her teacher.C They are married.

z What [anguage are they learning?A French.B Japanese.C l tal ian.

3 Where does the woman wri te new words?A On t i t t te notes and in a notebook.B On the bedroom wal ls.C On big pieces of paper.

4 Why should you wri te new words in your ownsentences?A Because lapanese people do this.B Because then you wi l l dream of the words.C Because you can remember them better.

5 What does the woman think is the mostimportant thing for learning new words?A Draw pictures of the words.B Revise regularly.C Study them on the train.

6 Who uses the most learning strategies?A The man.B The woman.C They use about the same number of

strategies.

D:5 :

D :S :

D :

S :

TAPESCRIPT

D: Satly, do you, [ ike, have any good ideas forremember ing new words and expressions in l ta l ian?I just can't remember all the stuff we learn.

S: Um, ldo lo ts of th ings, but ldon' t know i f thev 'dwork for you.

D: Like what?5: Well, I do things l ike ... um ... I put, I stick tittte notes

all over my house with new words ...Are you serious?Yeah, I put them on the fridge, on the walts ofthebedroom. Just t itt le notes with the words written on.Wow.And I do other stuff [ ike when I'm on the train goingto work I take my notebook and test myself. Why, doyou . . .I kind ol well, I tr ied reading my ltatian notes beforelwent to bed and hoping I 'd dream in l ta t ian. But i tdidn't really work.I think it 's a good idea to write the words in newsentences that you invent, so you ... um ...What, you make up the sentences yourself?Yeah, because then it 's easier to remember. Like ifyou write sentences about your family or friends,you can remember them better.That's a good idea. I l ike that. What etse?A friend of mine who's learning Japanese alwaysdraws pictures ofwords and phrases.

D: Realty?5: She's a, kind of, very visual person and she says sne

remembers things better if there's a picture. But Isuppose, I think the key is to review words regutarly.lust keep revising.

D: Like, study them every day?5: I don't know about every day, but ifyou review them

often enough and try and use them in class or whenyou're writ ing, eventually they become part of yourpermanent vocabulary.

D: D'you th ink so?5: I th ink so, yeah.

D :5 :

D:S:

wishlif only

1 Choose the correct response.r I want to be there with you, but I 'm too busy.

A I wish you were here too.B I wish you had been here too.

C l f onty you are here too.z You're very lazy and your room's a mess and

you haven't done your homework.A I wish you stop cr i t ic is ing me.e l f on ly you shut up !C I wish you would stop cr i t ic is ing me.

3 Our exam is on Thursday.A l f onty we won't have to do this exam.

B I wish we didn' t have to do this exam.

C I wish the exam be on Friday.

4 You didn' t have to buv those new chairs.I've already ordered a new sofa.

A l f only you had told me earl ier.

B l f only you told me earl ier.C I wish you would tel l me earl ier.There's no room for all your friends to stay.A lw ish there is more room.B I wish we were having a bigger house.

C l f onty we had a bigger house.You have to keep working. Att of this must befinished by five o'clock.A I wish you gave me a break.B I wish I could take a break.C l f onty I could to stop now.You're too young to come in here.A I wish I was older.B l f onty I 'm older.C I wish I can go in.That f i tm was absotutely terr ible.A I wish we gone somewhere else.B lf onty we saw a different film.C I wish we hadn't wasted our monev.

5 That lot tery t icket was the winner, but youthrew it awayl (throw away)l f only you _ the t icket!

5 | love tennis, but I'm not very good. (be)

I wish better at tennis.

7 | didn' t introduce Clara to Juan. They kneweach other already. (meet)

I didn' t introduce them because they _.8 I heard gunshots. I hadn't f in ished my meal.

(eat)

l_when I heard gunshots .

Choose the correct verb for each sentence.Put the verb into the correct tense.

not go watch take leave already buynot stay not see try dance put

2

3

I wanted to go to Berlin but my wifetickets to Amsterdam.

She _TV when the phone rang.| _ to the show last night because I wasworking late.I didn' t see you arr ive at the party because| _ with my eyes closed!When I got home I not iced that l_ mywal let in the shoo.We peeled the potatoes and _ them inthe oven.David didn' t shave last month because he_ to grow a beard.Mary didn' t say hel lo this morning. Later, shetold me that she me.

9 Finatty, he passed his dr iv ing test. Hethe test eight t imes.

ro I went to the Marina to f ind John, but hethere. Maybe he was in the lbis.

Phrasal verbs

4 Put the words in the correct order to makesentences.

r picnic raining we because off the was ca[[ed i t .z tel l can going me what is you on?

3 come a have to with up solut ion you.

4 turns tate ,|ean up always.

5 can weather up cl imbers put cold with.6 out f ind what last happened night l ' [ [ .

7 di f f icutt going a they're period through.8 back are to ptanning when come you?

9 times severaI split they've before up.ro as as running on long possible for carry.

wishlif only and past tenses

2 Complete the second sentence of each pairusing the verbs in bracl<ets so that they meanthe same as the f i rst sentences.

r lt was my first time in Scottand. (go)

I had Scot land before.z I hate smoking but I can' t give up! (stop)

I wish I

3 When I arr ived, the room was clean. (clean)

She before I arrived.

+ | didn' t have t ime for lunch. (work)

I so hard that I didn' t have t imefor lunch.

5 Use a phrasal verb to replace the words initalics. Use the correct tense.

I don't know what (t) is happemng at work. Theboss has [eft, but we (z) haven't discovered whois going to replace him. We can't (3) continuelike this, though. We (+) are having the worsteconomic cr is is in years, and there's no one incharge! Actualty, I hope the old boss (5) returns.He's better than nobodv.

Mary suddenly (6) oppeored at my door in tearsyesterday. She was so sad. She told me that she() had ended her relationship with Bob. I'm notsure why, but maybe she couldn't (8) toleratehis bad manners any longer. I can't (9) think ofany other reasons. They've had to (to) cancel thewedding.

Vocabul ary i personal qualities

6 Use the words in the box to f inish the secondsentence of each pair so that i t has the samemeaning as the f irst sentence.

encourages brave talented dedicateddetermined br i l l iant involved inspired

I played a part in the sports club.I was _ in the sports club.My mother was a great gardener. Her examplemade me want to be a gardener.She _ me to become a gardener.Sandra is good at s inging, drawing, basketbattand French.She is quite

Jessie has a lot of courage. She isn' t f r ightenedof anything!She is real lyLucy never stops trying. She never gives up.She is veryMy grandfather spent his whole l i fe car ing for' an ima ls .He _ his t i fe to animals.My teacher makes us want to do our best.He _ us to do our best.

Javier is a genius at maths.He is _ at maths.

Vocabularyi memory andthe senses

7 Underl ine the sentence endings which arenot possible.

r | love the soundA of rain. B l ike a drum.C of chi ldren ptaying.

z Can you remind meA to catt Judy? e of my fr iend?C to send that emai l?

3 This food tastesA like cheese. B delicious. C a type of fruit.

4 I've lostA the taste of apples. B my watch.C some money.That reminds me ofA my grandmother. B go home.C last weekend.She doesn't [ ikeA the feel of wool. B feet ing of stone.C feel ing t i red.I t soundsA like a great book. B fantastic.C of England.Don't forgetA buying mi lk. B your towel.C to send me a postcard.

I can' t rememberA any th ing . B myne ighbour . C o f tha t f i tm.You lookA a model. B very beaut i ful .C like my sister.

Writing: thank you letters

8 Comptete the phrases and sentences withwords from the box. There are four extra wordsin the box.

for now look stay soon werewas hetping to had Best of

r Thanks a lot letting me stay.z wishes,

3 We forward to working with you.

4 | am wri t ing thank you for al I your hard work.5 Thank you for me last weekend.6 l a g r e a t t i m e .

7 I hope to see you.

8 Your efforts appreciated.

Unit 1 Friends

Lesson 1.1Vocabulary: verbs, adjectives, prepositions1 r keep in touch z a good sense of humour 3 ex-girtfriend4 fr iend of a fr iend 5 get to l<now her 6 col leagues 7 havea lot in common 8 stranger, en.ioyed his company 9 best fr iend10 lost touch

2 t i n z a b o u t 3 a b o u t 4 o n 5 a t 6 i n 7 o n 8 t o

Grammar: auxiliary verbs3a r Are you good at sports? z Has he got any brothers orsisters? 3 How old are they? 4 Do you l ike studying German?5 Have you been to America? 6 Have you seen your boss today?7 Did you go to the shops yesterday?

b r Yes, I am./No, I 'm not. z Yes, he has./No, he hasn't .3 Possible answer: 3o years old. 4 Yes, I do./No, I don't .5 Yes, I have./No, I haven't . 6 Yes, I have./No, I haven't .7 Yes , I d id . /No I d idn ' t .4a 1 What sports are you interested in? 2 Have you been ski ingrecently? 3 Does she [ ike l istening to music? 4 Did Mozart playthe viol in? 5 Did your parents enjoy the concert last night?6 Did you speak to Frances yesterday? 7 Has Clara had herbaby yet? 8 Were you born in Turin?b a l b 8 c 6 d 5 e 4 l t g 7 h z

Pronunciation

5a r nineteen pointf ive z forty-seven percent 3 three hoursand f i f teen minutes 4 six thousand, one hundred and f i f ty-six5 seventy-two point nine percent 6 one hundred and eightyb t 8 . 9 6 7 2 g 2 o / o 3 6 4 5 4 2 7 ' / o 5 3 , 6 4 2 6 € 4 t o

Reading

6 3 is the best t i t le7 t F z I l F 4 r 5 F 6 T 7 I8 The average man or woman (t ine 9)tend to ( l ine rr)general ly ( l ine rS)usually ( l ine zz)

Lesson 1.2

Vocabulary: computers1 r m e s s a g e z r e s e a r c h 3 d o w n 4 d o w n l o a d 5 o n l i n e6 website 7 delete 8 access

Grammar: Present Simple vs PresentContinuous2 r isn't raining z Correct 3 goes 4 is boi l ing 5 is gett ing6 Correct 7 Are you using 8 We're staying 9 is tryingto Correct

3 r 's l is gett ing z f inish/takes 3 'sl is gett ing 4 Do you always

l isten... 5 'mlam l iving 6 'relare wait ing 7 is 8 don't enjoy

9 go ro 'sl is playing

Writing4 tg . . . and i t was great to hear aLl your news. 2c I 'm sorryI haven't been in touch for such a long t ime, 3i . . . but I 'm verybusy in my new job. 4d My company is buying a factory in China,5e .. . so I have to travel a [ot. 6a l t is very hard work 7h .. . but Iam enjoying i t . 8i Are you coming to Rico's wedding? 9b I hopeso rof . . . because i t would be great to see you there.(Alternative order: g, c, j , a, h, d, e, I , b, f)

Listening

5a z emai l re la t ionsh ips

b r b z b 3 a 4 a 5 a 6 b 7 b 8 a

Lesson 1.3

Grammar: Present Simple vs Past Simple1 r have always admired z hasn't got married 3 has spent4 has done 5 has tearnt 6 has gone 7 have always wanted8 f lew 9 met ro hasn't taught

2 t He has been a lawyer since zooz. z My parents have keptdogs since I was six years old. 3 She has been in Paris since lastTuesday. 4 | have known them for two years. 5 She has had thatcar for f ive years. 6 Al ice has gone to the banl(. 7 They have beenmarried for 25 years. 8 They have worked (/ have been working)t n o a t h a r < i n r a r n n z

Vocabulary: for a,r:.d since3 t , / 2 / 3 I h a v e n ' t h a d a c i g a r e t t e f o r t h r e e w e e k s !4 l've known lulia since we went to university. 5 I've lived herefor ten years. 6 / I Have you been here for a long t ime?8 l 've had a bad cold sincelast weel<end. g / ro I haven'teaten anything since nine o'clock this morning.

Pronunciation

4

ReadingD 6

6 r No, he hasn't . z Yes, he did. 3 r: the fact that his motherdied; z: the cri t icism he received from his brother and the media;3: his new car. 4 His car. 5 Yes. 6 No.

Review and consolidation unit 1Vocabulary1 r website z best fr iends 3 lost 4 belong 5 keen 6 about7 access 8 ex-gir l fr iend 9 get 10 strangers 11 common

Auxiliary verbs2 r Do you l ive in Thailand? z Did you see the james Bond f i lmtast night? 3 When is Sat going on hotiday?/When does Sal go onholiday? 4 What sports are you interested in? 5 Do you enjoystudying? 6 Have you forgotten your books? 7 Does Tim l ikeworking for IBM? 8 Are you happy in your new f lat? 9 Did GeorgeG win the elect ion? ro Have you passed al l your examsr3 r am z he does 3 haven't 4 can 5 i t is 6 they did7 she is 8 they do 9 | have ro he/she doesn't

Present Simple, Present Continuous,Present Perfect4 r use z f ly 3 do 4 are 5 doesn't seem 6 've justf inished 7

's talking 8 'm trying 9 've always enjoyed

10 can't remember

for/since

S r f o r z s i n c e 3 s i n c e 4 f o r 5 s i n c e 6 f o r T s i n c e8 for 9 since ro since

6 r l 've known her for a long t ime. We went to school together.z 'Have you spoken to the manager?' 'Yes, I did f t this morning. '3 When did they get married? 4 We haven't been in touch /oralong t ime. 5 When did you sfarf working together? 6 I 've neverwatched lhat programme. 7 lt's the funniest bool< I've ever read.I Shehashada ha i rcu t . 9 I ' ve ius ts fd r fed to learnTa i Kwando.ro I haven't signed the contract yet.

7 r Have/been 2 went 3 Did/enioy 4 thought 5 Do/play6'mlam 7 have/played 8 started 9 Do/want ro sounds

Phrasal verbs

8 r u p z b r o u g h t 3 t a l < e 4 t o l d 5 g o t 6 l o o k e d 7 o n8 up 9 into ro joined

lael apple /e/ company

ath let ics can

happened cigarette

advice

muS lc tanS

nave

arf lved

comfortable

PrepositiuonaVphrasal verbs9 1 t o l d 2 o v e r 3 u p 4 a f t e r 5 u p 6 u p T g r e w 8 o n9 in ro after

Unit 2 MediaLesson 2.1Vocabulary: newspapers1 r front page z interview 3 main story 4 review section5 journalists 6 Online news2

r journal ist z front page 3 headline 4 art icle 5 celebri ty6 advert 7 interview 8 sections 9 dai ly ro editor

Grammar: passive

3 r are writ ten by z was made by 3 was organised by4 been f ixed 5 was signed 6 are switched off 7 be found8 has been contacted4 r be del ivered z be answered 3 was told 4 be sent5 is printed

How to . . .

5 r W h a t z l n 3 o p i n i o n 4 s u r e 5 r e c k o n 6 s o7 depends 8 neither 9 Definitely

Reading

6 a r editors z gossip about famous people 3 fewer than 3o7ob z

c t F 2 I j F q T 5 F 6 T

Lesson 2.2Vocabulary: TV programmes1 r microphone z quiz show 3 contestants 4 chat shows5 documentary 6 soap 7 audience I newsreaders

How to . . .2 r A:.What's the problem?

B: l t 's my computer. l t isn't working property.

A: Try switching it off.B: l 've tr ied that.z A: What's the matter?

B: l t 's my son's toy car. l t keeps stopping.A: Have the batteries run out?B: Oh yes, you're r ight!

3 A: What's wrong with the l i f t?B: l t 's out of order.

A: Shall I cat[ the engineersiB: I 've just cal led them.

Grammar: who, whose, which, where

3 r . . . whose wife won the lottery. z . . . who are always honest.3 ... where we stayed last year. 4 ... that makes jewetlery.5 .. . where you can surf al l year. 6 . . . who designed my house.7 .. . which looks best on you. 8 . . . whose f i lms always make money.4 t w h o l F z w h i c h / F 3 w h o s e / T 4 w h e r e / T 5 w h o / F6 which/T 7 whose/T 8 which/T

Reading

5 a 1 B z A 3 B 4 C s C 6 Ab r hackers 2 came out 3 star reporter 4 f ired 5 insisted6 under oressure

Lesson 2.3

Vocabulary: regular and irregular verbs1 r woke up z drew 3 inherited 4 f lew 5 caught6 fought Z forgot I cost 9 escaped 10 cut

Pronunciation

2 r c z d 3 b 4 d 5 a 6 c3 r A : 3 B : 4 z A : 3 B : 4 3 A : 4 8 : 3 4 A : 3 B : 3 5 A : 3 B : 3

Grammar: Past Simple and Past Continuous4 r was driving z didn't understand 3 was playing4 were resting 5 went 6 did you know 7 were you doing8 were talking5 r were looking z found 3 went 4 was 5 were worrying6 spent 7 was brushing 8 said 9 stopped ro was driving6 r stole/wasn't looking z didn't know/were 3 didn't hear/werel istening 4 was driving/saw 5 didn't take/was 6 met/wereski ing

Listening

7a r fat z homes 3 taxi driver 4 rock star (Lee Santana)b r 9oo schootchitdren aged n to r5 z Hamburgers, chips,chocolate, f izzy soft drinks 3 Shopping area and car park4 Next year 5 A husband and wife 6 A London hospitat7 In a small art gal lery ( in Manchester) 8 Extremely happy

Review and consolidation unit 2Past Simple, Past Continuous and Passive1 r was spent z was working 3 did you real ise4 was stopped 5 didn't go 6 was discovered 7 were youtal l<ing I were staying 9 didn't know ro be eaten2 a r d z f 3 b 4 a 5 h 6 c 7 g 8 eb 4 5 , 2 , 4 , 6 , t , 3 , 8c Past Continuous: was trying, was carrying, was wearing, wasworking, was countingPassive: wasn't caught, was captured, was writ ten

Defining relative clauses3 r Graceland is the place where Elvis Presley died. z Franz Kafkawas the writer who wrote a story about a man who became an insect.3 St Petersburg is the city which used to be cal led Leningrad.4 Rodin wasthescutptorwho made TheThinker. 5 Titanicisthefamous f i lm which cost $zoo,ooo,ooo to make. 6 Malibu is thebeach in Cali fornia where hundreds of celebri t ies [ ive. 7 Vivatdiwas the composer whose most famous work was The Four Seasons.I lstanbuI is the city which is bui l t on two continents - Europeand Asia.

4 r who was given z which (or that) are told 3 whose paint ingsare sotd 4 where lwas born 5 which (orthat) can be used6 whose bags have been 7 who must be stopped

Irregular verbs

5 r A z D 3 D 4 B 5 C 6 A 7 B 8 B g B 1 0 C

How to . . .

6a t lnmyop in ion , weshou ld buy the b tacksofa , no t the b lue one.z Whatdo you th inko f tha tnew BruceWi l l i s f i lm? 3 You th inkweshould leave at 8.oo, but I 'm not sure oboutthat. 4 She said wecould get in to the club free, but I don't think so. 5 I 'd love to goto the beach, but i t depends on the weather. 6 What's fhe matterw i th yourTV?The p ic tu re i sn ' tvery good, i s i t? 7 l f yourcomputerisn ' twork ing , t ry tu rn ing i f o f fand on aga in . I The photocop ier isout oforder again. 9 The problem with your printer is that i t 's runout o/paperl ro l f the microwave breaks down again, cal l us andwe can f ix i f immediately.

b r e z i 3 b 4 j 5 a 6 f l g 8 c g h r o d

e q e t I o n q

e o __lln6

U n il r e W

e t lb o I a I

Zia)

r r __llt da 4 I tr

t IT r d n D d s eI t

o u r n t s

People Types ofTVprogramme

Things in anewspaper

cameraman,

newsreader,celebri ty, editor,

presenter

documentary, quizshow, soap, chatshow

head l ine , thefront page, reviewsection, art icle, mainstory, advert isement

p, Vocabulary7a

b r review section z documentary 3 soap 4 journal ist5 contestant 6 celebri ty 7 advert isement 8 the front page9 presenter 10 art icle

Unit 3 LifestyleLesson 3.1Vocabulary: home1 r f irepLace z wooden 3 good view6 ceil ings 7 attic 8 cellar 9 cramped

4 condit ion 5 l i f t10 drive

Grammar: Present continuous vs going tolwillfor future2 t l 'm goingto change z I ' l l have 3 I ' l l show 4 We?e going5 I ' l l do 6 I 'm going (to go)/ l ' l t get

3 r I need some fresh air. I think I ' l l go for awalk. z Are youseeing.lack at the weekend? 3 What t ime rs Susannah coming?4 We?e (are) goinglo Berlin at the end of the month. 5 They'vechanged their minds. They're not going to Thailand any more, theyarc going to Greece. 6 Are you coming to the concert too? Great-we ' l l (w i l l ) seeyou there then. 7 Hedoesn ' t l i ke the newjobsoI don't think he'11 stay there for very long. 8 'What are your plansfor supper?' ' l 'm (an) cooking pizza. '

Writing: a formal letter4 (r) Dear Mr Smith,(z) | am writ ing to complain about the accommodation that yourcompany provides.

b) Accordinq to vour website, the apartments are al l modern andin good condit ion. (4) ln fact, the apartment I stayed in was bui l t inthe r97os, and needed work doing to i t . The f loors in the kitchen andbathroom were broken and dirty. (5) In addit ion to this, the washingmachine was not working.(6) I was also verv disappointed to f ind that the apartment was a longway f rom the beach, and no t 'w i th in ten minu tes watk 'as spec i f ied inthe brochure.I had to move to another apartment, which took me t ime and costme money. I paid over 3oo Euros as a deposit on your f lat and now(Z) | expect to receive a full refund.(8) lwould also l ike you to change the information on yourwebsiteand in your brochures.(9) | look forward to receiving a satisfactorv replv.(ro) Yours sincerelvMiguel Rodrigues

Reading

5a

b l t is dif ferent because these couples are swapping their housesand their businesses too.

Listening

6a r Yes, i t was a success for Pat. 2 No, i t wasn't a successfor. lean-Marc.

b r l twas l i l<e a honeymoon because theys tayed in a beaut i fu tv i l la ,andtherewasn ' ta lo to fwork to do . z She hadto make co f fee .3 They travel led and went sai l ing.C 4 They l ived underground, in two small rooms in the basement.5 He thought the tradit ional breakfast was unhealthy. 6 No, i twasn't a success because she didn't learn anything useful.7 No, they wouldn't .

Lesson 3.2Vocabulary: adjectives for describing place1a modern - historic ugly - picturesque t iny - enormousctean - pol luted dul[ - l ivelyb r peacefuL z historic a enormous 4 poltuted 5 l ively6 p ic tu resque 7 modern 8 du l t

Grammar: comparatives and superlatives2 r more peaceful z more expensive 3 heavier 4 morem o d e r n 5 n e a r e r 6 s m a l l e r Z W o r s e 8 l o n g e r3 r the best 2 more expensive than 3 the hottest 4 morerelaxed 5 most beauti fut 6 the l ivel iest 7 more romantic8 bus ie r

Reading

4 r / 2 - 3 / 4 - 5 /5 r g z e 3 f 4 b S a 6 c 7 d6 r C z B 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 B

Lesson 3.3

Vocabulary: compound nouns1 r a la rm c lock z wash ing mach ine 3 a i r cond i t ion ing4 central heating 5 mobile phone 6 burglar alarm7 answering machine 8 video player

Pronunciation: compound nouns2a In compound nouns the stress is usually on the f irsf paru.Sometimes, i t is on both parts.

b credit card table tennis T-shirt science f ict ion earr ingsunglasses traff ic t ights mother tongue parking meterdining room baby-sit ter brother- in-law f irst aidScience fiction, mother tongue and first aid have the stress onboth oarts.

Grammar: future probability3 r We'[ probabty see you at the party. z He might not want tocome. 3 They may meet us at the airport. 4 Mrs Simmons mightcal l about the contract. 5 Could you book a table for eight o'clock,please? 6 Do you think you might buy the house? 7 | probablywon't be back unti l next week.4 r won't arr ive z ' l l rain 3 might come 4

' t l probably need5 may have 6 Could 7 won't need 8 might become

Formal phone calls5 [ Cood morning. Sonny Korean Banks Ltd. Can I to help you?

I Thanl< you. I ' l l just put you through. +fr One moment.

@ Certainty so.

@ Ves, this is iasper Coff in. I 'm returning fur his cal l .pl Ves, l 'd very l ike to speal< to Mr Al len please.

@ t 'm afraid he's on the other l ine at the moment. Woutd you t i lceto cal[ he back later?

E nuy I ask who's cal l ing me please?p Could he cal l me at the off ice, on oo52 427 9835? l ' l l be here

af+ff i unti l seven p.m. Thank you. Goodbye.

f l Could I to leave a message?p Goodbye.

Reading

6a How your house witt change C Predict ions that were wrong AYour clothes wil l know where you are D Changes in informationtechnology Bb r F z T 3 T + F 5 T 6 F

Jean-Marc, Fel ici tyand Yannick

Pat, . lohn and Sal ly

Where is their house?South of France Bongor, U K

How many bedroomsare there?

6 10

Other features of then ou se/ a rea

swimming poo l ,vineyards, large gardens

seaside town

How much moneydoes the hote[/bedand breakfast make?

€5o,ooo €3o,ooo

How do they spendthe i r t ime?

swimming, eating,playing golf andenjoying theMediterranean l i festyle

worl<ing:shopping, cooking,cleaning

What do they wantto get from the houseswap?

useful work experiencefor their daughterYannick

to see howdifferent l i fe couldbe in France

C 1 trend 2 sett ings 3 use-by date 4 pubtic transport5 reminder 6 laptop

Review and consolidation unit BLifestyle

l r b l o c k z f l o o r 3 a r e a 4 h e c t i c 5 v i e w 6 s u b u r b s7 otd-fashioned 8 playground 9 t ively ro clubbingu outskirts rz batcony

Present Continuous going tolwill for future2 r A: Are you going to Spain again this year? B: No. We re goingto Greece instead. 2 | don't think l '11 go to the cinema tonightbecause l 'm too t ired. 3 Who is meeting us at the airport?4 WeTe gett ing married in June. 5 A: Have you decided which oneyou want to buy yet? B: Yes. I wi l l tu take this one please.6 We're going fo see Andrea tomorrow. Do you want to come with us?7 A: I'm really hungry. Bz OK.l'llmjoing+o make us some lunchnow. 8 A: What are you doing at the weekend? B: We're goingrv@eto visit my mother-in-law. (or we'revisiting) g EoWillyouvl4H come with us to the off ice? ro Can you telLJonathan I '11 seehim later? n Eo Are you coming to Madrid to watch the footbal l?rz Sue is leaye leaving for Brazil and I'm not going to see her any more.

Comparatives, superlatives, adjectives3 r more picturesque than z the l ivel iest 3 most unspoil t4 most peaceful 5 ugl ier 6 the dul lest 7 more modern8 less pol luted 9 cleaner 10 more touristy

Compound nouns4 r I didn't wake up in time because I forgot to setmy alarm clock.z lt's cold in here. Let's turn on the central heoting. 3 When sheopened the door the burglar alarm went off and soon the pol icearrived. 4 | left a message onyour mobile phone. 5 | don't haveanything to wear because my clothes are atl in the washing machine.6 Can you setthe video recorderlo record this film at nine o'clock?7 My new car has air-conditioningwhich I use when it is really hot.8 Can I borrow your mobile phone? | need to call my office.

Future probability5 r We'l [ probabty see you in the restaurant. z Do you thinkshe might say'Yes'? 3 I think I 'm going to be late for the lesson.4 You definitely won't need to change money. 5 They' l l certainlyask you for your passport. 6 We may not get an answer unti ltomorrow. 7 l ' l t definitely cal l her again in the morning.I Shecou ldar r ivea tany t ime. 9 He lga probab lywon ' tgoto Russia next year. ro He might not accept the lob he wasoffered. u We probably won't stay for [ong. rz I certainly won'tcontact them unti l I know the answer.

Prefixes and suffixes6 r overworked z ex-girlfriend 3 rearrange 4 messy5 unbelievable 6 peaceful 7 unusual 8 misunderstanding9 creative ro used

How to . . .7a r Good morning. Casa Bruno. Can lhetp you? z Couldhecallme back? My mobile number is ot797 zoz345 3 Hello. ld 1*e tospeak to Mr Marconi, please. 4 l ' l l put you through. One moment.5 Yes, l f3 Gabriel la Salt ini . l 'm cal l ing abouf the new designs.6 May I osk who's catl ing? 7 Can I leave a message? 8 I 'm afraidhe's nof here at the moment. Woutd you t ike to cal l back later?9 Certainly. What's fhe message?b 1 j 6 5 4 8 7 g 2

8 r D i e g o i s n o t a s t a l l a s . l u a n . z N e w Y o r k i s c h e a p e r t h a nLondon. 3 Glasgow is more touristy than before. 4 Florence isthe most picturesque city. 5 San Francisco is not as pol luted as LosAngeles. 6 Singapore is one ofthe cleanest ci t ies . 7 Shanghaihas got busier recently. 8 The west coast ofthe island is unspoil t .9 Due to terrorist act ivi ty, l i fe in cit ies is not as safe as before.10 The new gal lery is more modern than the old one.

Unit 4 WealthLesson 4.1Vocabulary: time and money collocations1rtheught ztime 3hobby +esrtiffie f ehance-te-spare6 semetime

2 r b r o k e n u p z d r o p p e d o u t 3 w o r k o u t 4 r a n o u t5 p icked up 6 ca tch up 7 ended up3 r Doyou knowthe answer? | can ' twork i tou t . z When rwasl iving in Germany I picked up some German. 3 | hated universityso I dropped ouf. 4 | missed some lessons butl caught up quicklyby working at night. 5 He was a bri l l iant young scientist and heended up working for the government. 6 Unfortunatety, Lisa andI broke up last week. 7 Oh no! We've run out of milk. Can you goand buy some?

Grammar: question tags4a r have you z have you 3 did you 4 have you6 didn't you

b r d 2 e 3 c 4 t5 t c 2 f 3 j 4 h1 1 t 1 2 9

5 are you

5 b 6 a

5 i 6 d 7 l < 8 a 9 b 1 0 e

Listening

[[ trerjob E] InterneUraud [] shoppingonlinel: i l investing your money l5l

'enisfr ing' ! ! .1 features of

secure websites2 r She tet ls the public what's happening and explains how tostop fraud. z l t 's impersonal: cr iminals can steaI money withoutever meeting their vict ims. 3 They are a dangerous sign. 4 youshouLd never give bank account numbers and passwords 5 l t 's away for cr iminals to steal money onl ine. You receive an email thatsays i t 's from a famous company. l t asks you urgently for your detai ls(passwords, etc.) and uses this information to rob your money.6 The letters'https' (atthe top ofthe screen), and an image ofa lock or key (at the bottom of the screen) show that a websiteis probably safe.

Lesson 4.2Vocabulary: personal qualities

Hiddenword

Hidden word: weaknesses

Grammar: modal verbs2 r You must come here now. z I 've f inished. What should I donow? 3 You mustn't smoke in the off ice. 4 You don't have to weara suit , but you can i f you want to. 5 Shouldn't you be at home now?6 Do I have to buy a t lcket? 7 She doesn't have to ctean her roomevery day; only at weekends. 8 Our boss has to be in the off ice atseven a.m. 9 | must go to the stat ion now. ro We don't have towalk. We can take the car.3 r should 2 have to 3 should 4 mustn't 5 mustn't6 should 7 don't have to 8 don't have to

Writing4 Dear Mr Mishovsky, II am writ ing to invite you to our annual dinner in the Atr iumRestaurant on rgth July. l : lThe dinner wil t begin at 8.oo. p

I have enclosed a form with further information which vou can alsouse to reserve ptaces. @We look forward to hearing from you. EYours sincerely,

Miles Broom @

W I I hc o n I d e n t

o m o t I n u S,W o r l(

,t o e r o n t, I e X b e

g e n e r u s' f g u r e s

m e a nl

S e n S e

Dear Miles Aroom, f lThank you for the invitat ion to the annuaI dinner. @I am afraid I am unabte to attend due to a business tr ip inSwitzertand. @I do hope the evening goes wetl . @Yours sincerelv.

Reuben Mishovsky @

Pronunciation

5 r I have to work. z We should go to Poland. 3 Do I haveto sing? 4 | must get home. 5 You don't have to leave.6 You shouldn't do that. Z They mustn't drive there.8 l t doesn't have to be big.

Reading

6 a r T 2 F j r 4 T 5 F 6 F 7 F B rb r B 2 A 3 B 4 A 5 B 6 B

Lesson 4.3

Vocabulary: opposites1 r a d v e r t i s e m e n t s z s u c c e e d 3 f a i l 4 b u y e r s 5 r e s p o n d6 reward 7 buy

2 r advert ises z success 3 sel l 4 product 5 produces6 advert isements Z consumes 8 response 9 rewards ro buyer

Pronunciation: word stressI radver t i sement zadver t i se 3 respond 4reward 5 fa i lu re6 succeed 7 success 8 punishment

Grammar: first conditional4 t A s s o o n a s z l f 3 U n t e s s 4 W h e n 5 l f 6 U n l e s s 7 l f8 When 9 l f ro When5 r e z b 3 c 4 9 5 h 6 a 7 d 8 f6 r A: won't be/l f inish B: you know/wil l you phonez A: wi l l you go/take B: I have/wil l visi t 3 A: graduate/wil l youbecome B: f ind/won't be 4 A: wi l l be/we turn B: don't f ind/w i t t d ie

Reading

7a Cis the best heading.

b r B z D 3 4 4 C S B 6 Dc 7 1 2 T Z F + F 5 T 6 F

Review and consolidation unit 4

Q,uestion tags1 r l t 's a horr ible day, isn't i t? z You've lost weight, haven't you?3 This radio show isn'tvery interesting, is i t? 4 You ate my lastchocotate, didn't you? 5 You witL write to me, won't you? 6 Youhaven't seen my sunglasses, have you? 7 You don't eat meat, doyou? 8 You can drive, can't you? 9 She was wonderful, wasn'tshe? ro You st i l l run every day, don't you?

Question tags and modals of obligation2 r We should bring f lowers, shouldn't we? z You don't have tofreeze this food, do you? 3 | need to send Judith an emai[, don't l?4 We mustn't wri te in the book, must we? 5 They shouldn't arr iveso [ate, should they? 6 He has to go to class now, doesn't he?7 She doesn't have to wear a hat, does she? 8 I must inviteSamuel, mustn't l? 9 You have to memorise the password,don't you? ro None of us should be worried, should we?

Modals of obligation/first conditional3 r l f we don't 2 as soon as 3 don't have to 4 | won't be5 shoutd phone 6 mustn't ptay 7 doesn't have to take I wit lcome 9 shouldn't eat 1() as soon as4 r buy/won't z l f lwon't 3 pass/wil l 4 Wil l you/know5 lf lwon't 6 wil t / ioin Z wil l i put 8 When/wil l organise9 Unless/won't 10 Won't you/don't

Phrasal verbs and time/money collocations5 re*erelationship zt#e{esson f q#€Ry 4ffi}Feners5 +ifu 6 hertime 7 fi*a{y 8 myshees 9 eppo*ue+tyro theear

Vocabulary

6 reward /pun ishment t ime to spare /no t enough t imesuccess/fai lure buyer/sel ler produce/consumeuse money wisely/waste money not worth the money/good valuefor money respond to an advert isement/advert ise1 t ime to spare z punishment 3 good value for money4 advert ise 5 consume 6 reward 7 success I not worththe money 9 waste money 1tl not enough t ime

Confusing words7 t B 2 A 3 B 4 B S A 6 A Z B 8 A 9 B 1 0 A

trIow to ...8a t l 'm having a party on Friday. z Would you l ike to come?3 | am writ ing fo invite you to the AnnuaI Mason's Bal l .4 I 've attached a map, so you can f ind my place easity! 5 Comeanytime after 8.oo. 6 Dinner wil l be served af 8.3o. 7 ld loveto come to your party! 8 | wi l l be pleased fo attend the ChoralSociety'sAGM. 9 Sorry, I can'tmakeit because I 've got anotherparty to go to. ro I am afraid I am unable to attend due fo aprevious engagement.b r l 2 1 3 F 4 1 5 l 6 F 7 l 8 F 9 l 1 0 F

Unit 5 Spare timeLesson 5.1

Vocabulary: free time activities1 Across r gloves 4 karate 5 squash 6 aerobics 8 court9 gardening ro f ishing rz gym

Down z vol leybal l 3 opponent 5 surf ing 7 cycting r net

Grammar: Present Perfect Simplevs Continuous

2 r f inished z been watching 3 been worl<ing 4 been going5 known 6 been practising 7 seen3 r have l<nown z have been lool<ing for 3 have been running4 have been ptaying 5 haven't heard 6 has she been learning7 have you invited

Pronunciation: contractions4 r A z B 3 A 4 4 5 B 6 8 7 8 8 A

How to . . .

5 r W h y d o n ' t w e g o t o t h e c i n e m a ? z I ' m n o t s u r e a b o u t t h a t .3 So wouldn't i t be better to eat at home? 4 Shall we try amuseum?

Reading and listening

6 a r T z F 3 F 4 F 5 I 6 Ib t announced z bank 3 magnif icent 4 hovered 5 froze6 barked

c 1 A 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 C

Lesson 5.2Vocabulary: books and filmsl a r d u b b e d z s e q u e l 3 p u b l i s h e d 4 c h a p t e r 5 s t a r6 t i t te 7 ptot 8 sett ing 9 writer ro performance f l soundtrack

b the key wordis description.

Pronunciation

2 r A a n d B z B a n d D 3 A a n d C 4 B a n d D 5 B a n d C6 A a n d C

Grammar: gerunds vs infinitives3 r to work z to have 3 to discuss 4 to read 5 to f ind6 start ing 7 speaking 8 to read 9 to write 10 to lool(rr to enjoy rz to read4 r pLaying 2 writ ing 3 to paint 4 to play 5 to be6 to beat 7 to have 8 studying

How to . . .5 r c h a r a c t e r s z b y 3 a b o u t 4 s e t 5 s t a r s 6 t h i n g T a c tI plot 9 recommend ro sequel

Speaker Name of f i lm/comic book

0p in ion

r Den ise X-Men The f i lm was betterthan the comicbook. She loved the acflon.

z Ahmed Spiderman He preferred the comic. The starlooked too young.

3 Eliza Batmon The comic is dark but the f i lm isfunny. She loved the performanceof Jack Nicholson.

4 Gtynn Superman He l ikes the comic and the f i lm. Healso loves the soundtrack. He doesn'tlike the sequels as much.

Listening6

Lesson 5.3Vocabulary: food and eating out1 a

b r c u p z s e r v i c e 3 s t a r t e r 4 m e a la t ip b glass c dessert d bowlc 1 b 2 a 3 d 4 c

Writing: a summary2 r who is sixyears old z when 3 after 4 which is del icious5 eventualty 6 which is based on Joanne Harris 's novel 7 while

Grammar: countable vs uncountable3 r C 2 4 3 D 4 8 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 D4 t m a n y z c o u p l e 3 f e w 4 l i t t t e 5 m a n y o f 6 a p i e c e o f7 few 8 little

How to . . .5 r l t 's near the main square. z l t special ises in Thai food.3 Yes, it's very fresh. 4 The waiters are very friendly. 5 Yes, theservice is a l i t t le slow. 6 l t is quite expensive. 7 l t 's worth a visi t .

Reading

6 a t C 2 B 3 E 4 D 5 Ab r C a n d D z B a n d D 3 A a n d E 4 C a n d D 5 A a n d D6 B a n d D

Review and consolidation unit 5Present Perfect Simple and Continuous1 r Haven't you f inished z Have you been eating 3 Have youbeen reading 4 l 've asked 5 I 've been studying 6 has been7 have been ski ing 8 We've stopped 9 have been lookingro have used

Verb patterns and uncountable/uncountable2 r cooking/a lot of z to f ind out/any 3 to talk/some4 meeting/so many 5 to telt /- 6 to go/too much 7 writ inglmany 8 looking after/- 9 running/- 10 to eat/an

Verb patterns3 r C 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 B 6 C 7 B 8 A 9 B 1 0 A

Present Perfect girnple and Continuous,and countable/u:rcountable nouns4 r She's been studying the sublect for a couple of years. z I 'veheard a lot of interesting stories about Mark. 3 Some ofyouhaven't been working hard enough. 4 I 've been coming here formany years. 5 He hasn't spent much t ime in Brazi l . 6 A few of ushave stayed in Prague before. 7 She's been taking too many daysoff work. 8 He's been tryingto f ind some information. 9 lhaven'tseen you for a few days. ro My mother has been doing a lot ofgardening today.

Vocabulary5 a = a e r o b i c s b = b o w l c = c h a o t e r d = d u b b e d e : e x e r c i s ef : f i s h i n g g : g a r d e n i n g h = h a r d i : i n s t r u c t o r j = j o g g i n gk = k a r a t e l = l i g h t m = m a i n c h a r a c t e r n = n a p k i no : o p p o n e n t p = p l o t q = q u i t e r : r o u g h s = s t a r t e rt = t i p u = u n c o u n t a b l e v = v o l l e y b a l l w : w i d e

Explaining what you mean6a r l t ' sa typeofmach ineyou useforcook ing th ings fas t . z l t ' sa kind of game that uses pieces l ike kings and queens. 3 l t 's thestuff you f ind on the ground after a freezing night. 4 l t 's somethingyou use for boiling water to make coffee (or to boiD. 5 They aremadeof rubberandyou pu t them onyourwhee ls . 6 Theyareusually rectangular and you put pictures inside them. 7 lt's a coldplace in Europe that is absolutely huge. I l t 's a sfrckytype oftapethat you can use to attach paper to a wal[. g lt's a square, hardtype of bread that you can eat with cheese. ro You use this to washyourself and smell good. l t 'svery smooth.b a S b S c 4 d 8 e 6 1 7 S 3 h r o i I i z

How to . . .7a r The service is a little slow. z The main charocters are reallyinteresting. 3 l t was directed byFrancis Ford Coppola. 4 l t 's wortha visit. 5 Woutdn't if be better to practise every day? 6 I've beendoing this for about six years. 7 The food isbeautifully prepared.8 l t 's sef in Chicago in the r9zos. g The prices are reasonable.10 lt's not really worfh seeing. n l've improved a lot since I firststarted. 12 l t special ises rn modern French cuisine.b r R 2 F 3 F 4 R 5 H 6 H 7 R 8 F 9 R r o Fm H 1 2 R

Unit 6 HolidaysLesson 6.1

Vocabulary: travel1 r g o i n g z l a n d m a r k 3 r a i n f o r e s t 4 s a n d y 5 h i s t o r i c6 unforgettable 7 go 8 package 9 fun ro local

Reading: Past Perfect2 r I had f inished z He had run out of 3 We had never expected4 Had i t beena 3 b + c r d z

Grammar: Past Perfect vs Past Simple3 r Because he had forgotten his passport. z Because he hadpacked (a pair of) scissors. 3 Because he hadn't seen the NoSmoking sign. 4 Because he hadn't booked (a room). 5 Becausehe hadn't put on sun cream. 6 Because he hadn't brought his/acamera. 7 Because he had lost his key. 8 Because he had missedhis dog.

How to . . .4 r s h o w s z b a c k g r o u n d 3 o n e 4 o n 5 e x c i t e d 6 b e e n7 Afterwards

Listening

5 a r c z e 3 d 4 a 5 f 6 g 7 bb Student's own answers.c She mentions: b advice for oeoole who want to be travelwritersd how tourism has changed e how long she has been a travel writerd r She feets that she's only just start ing. z In the 197os, overthirty years ago. 3 NormaI peopte can now see more ofthe world.They don't have to be r ich. 4 Tour guides can take you up themountain, so you don't need any training. 5 Sandy Hil l Pitman'sguides carr ied her laptop computer, coffee machine and luxury foodup Everest and she had fashion magazines del ivered to the mountain.She is ' the bad side of modern tourism'. 6 She suggests that theyshould make t ime to write and thev should look for detai ls.

o e 5 S e rb d +

L p a t eo n a p K n g

W h r c u p K

c I

I p b nS s e m e o f, S

€ e e s

o r t s o t e r Ed f t a S L D ?

.IT u S e E f p oo \J h o o g a h ur S e c a X r u nl( e S d k re u f t t( m ct d d t r e oc a t h e d r o E n

I

lLesson 6.2Vocabulary: places to visit in a cityLa

b r church, cathedral z art gal lery, museum 3 shops, market4 lake, fountain 5 castle, palace

Pronunciation: how to sound polite2 P o l i t e : \ 3 , 5 , 6 , 7 l m p o l i t e : 2 , 4 , 8

How to . . .3 r H o w m u c h i s a t i c k e t t o t h e c i t v c e n t r e ? z W h a t t i m e d o e s t h epalace close? 3 Excuse me, do you know where the museum is?4 Can you tel l me the way to the cathedral, please? 5 Excuse me,is there a bank near here? 6 Does this bus go to the art gal lery?

Grammar: uses of like4 r What's the f lat t ike? ls i t big? z Would you l ike some help?I 'm free at the moment. 3 Your house looks [ ike a museum. I Loveyour old furniture. 4 | l ike l istening to music. My favourite bandis The Fugees. 5 What does your gir l fr iend look t ike? ls she tat land blonde? | thinl< | saw her yesterday. 6 What's that f i lm l ike?l 've heard i t 's very sad. 7 What would you l ike to do this evening?There's a good f i lm on at the cinema. 8 What was the weather l ike?I hope i t didn't rain and ruin your hol iday.5 r What's he t ike? z Does John lool< l ike Pete? 3 Do you l ikemaths? 4 What does the buitding look l ike? 5 What was theconcert l i l<e? 6 Does your mother look l ike you? 7 Would you l ikea cup of tea? 8 What is the weather going to be l ike tomorrow?

Writing6 r The f irst place to go is Princes Street. z The Modern ArtMuseum is one of the best art gaLleries to visi t . 3 You mustn't missEdinburgh Castle. 4 l f you enioy tradit ionaI food, make sure youinclude a tr ip to Bannerman's Restaurant. 5 Don't leave withoutseeing The Grassmarket. 6 Finatly, why not try some haggis?

Reading7a Bhutan, Papua New Guinea and Ftorida Keysb r dangerous weather - Tornado Altey z a peacefuI l i festyle- Bhutan 3 ki l ler sharks - Florida l(eys, USA 4 ancient tr ibes- rainforest, Papua New Guinea 5 lots of space - Sahara Desertc r A 2 4 3 8 4 4 5 4

Lesson 6.3Vocabulary: adjectives to describe naturalplaces

l r d e s e r t z r a n g e 3 d e e p 4 r o c k y 5 t r o p i c a l

Grammar: articles2 A man sent himself in a wooden box from New York to Dallasbecause he thought i t was fhe cheapest way to fLy.Chartes McKinley, 25, missed his family but thought the f l ight homewould be too expensive.4 fr iend told him it would be cheaper to goas cargo. ln fact, the cost of sending the wooden box was higher thandn economy class seat.After a r5-hour journey in which McKinley had no food or warer,fhe box was deLivered to his parents' home. McKinley surprisedeverybody by iumping out of the box. The del ivery man cal led fhepolice immediately, and McKinley was arrested.S r t h e , t h e z - , t h e 3 t h e , a 4 t h e , T h e 5 - , a 6 t h e , t h e7 - , a I - , t h e

Pronunciation

4 r A: l 'm t ired. Bz Reatly? You slept forten hours! z A: lwasin hospital for six weeks. B: How awful l Ate you better now?3 A: I just passed my driving test. B: That 's greafl Congratulat ions!4 A: l t 's going to rain tomorrow. B: 0h no! | want to go to thebeach. 5 A: My father was a diplomat. Bz How interestinglWhichco u ntr ies?

How to . . .5 r Do you? z Did he? 3 ls i t? 4 Wil l you? 5 ts there?6 Haven't they? 7 ls she? 8 Haven't you?

Reading

6a Travel agents might do at l of these except 6: ' tel l people whichplane to get on'.b The text mentions at l ofthem except 4:

' f ind cheap hol idays'.c r F 2 I 3 F 4 T 5 F 6 Td r A 2 8 3 A 4 B 5 B

Review and consolidation unit GPast Perfect vs Past Simple1 r A z C 3 C 4 B 5 B 6 A l C 8 B

Past Perfect and articles2 r had faited/the z a/became 3 the/didn't stay 4 naobroken/- 5 -/started 6 the/had alreadyfal len 7 hadn'trecognised /the 8 a/came 9 an/had never seen ro -/went

Uses of fike3 r What's Warsaw l ike? z Would they l ike some milk?3 | wouldn't t ike to be famous. 4 What did Johnny look l ike?5 l t tastes Like meat. 6 What wil l robots be l ike in the future? /Whatw i l l robots o f the fu tu re be l i ke? 7 I ' ve never l i ked rockmus ic .8 ls Spanish grammar [ ike Portuguese grammar? 9 Luisa looks l ikeher big sister, Daniela. ro Mum, what was l i fe t ike in the 196os?

Articles and uses of like4a t l ts a small , pretty town in the south of England, famous forcider, a drink made with apples. z They?e tat l and handsome,and the oldest one has o real ly good sense of humour. j Correct4 Horses. I wanted to be a horse trainer when I was younger.5 It was a brilliant place. The owner was very friendly. 6 CorrectZ l t 's one of fhe biggest buitdings inthe city, and i t 's made ofglass. 8 Yes please. ActuatLy, can I have a piece oftoast?b r c z h 3 f 4 9 5 e 6 d 7 b 8 a

Vocabulary

5a,

b r p a c k a g e z s a f a r i 3 t a x i 4 c r u i s e 5 l o s t 6 l a n d m a r k7 sightseeing 8 back 9 camping ro rainforest6 r get married z gett ing better 3 gett ing back 4 got on with5 get dressed 6 got tost 7 get to 8 got bored 9 get divorced10 ger

How to . . .7 r Excuse me. ls there a post off ice near here? z Can you tel lme the way to the theatre, please? 3 What t ime does the museumctose? 4 How much is a t icket to the city centre? 5 Excuse me.Could you tel l me horau to get to Eve's Restaurant? 6 Does this traingo fo the a i rpor t? 7 Doyouknowhow much a h i re carcos ts nerday? 8 Can you recommend a good nightctub?

Travel expressions Places to visi t /see Expressions with gef

independent travelcru I sepackage hol idaycamping ho l idaygo on safarisightseeing tour

landmarklaketropicaI rainforestsandy beachcastlerocky coastl inedesert

to the airportbacka taxidirect ionslost

Unit 7 EducationLesson 7.1Vocabulary: educationl r m a d e z d o i n g 3 d i d 4 r e v i s i n g8 take 9 going ro got2 r t h r o w n z p e r f e c t 3 l e a r n 4 h e a r t

5 from 6 do Z get

5 mak ing

Grammar: subject and object questions3 r Who took the keys? z What did Jonathan want to talk tome about? 3 Which off ice has Anna-Lisa moved to? 4 Which busgoes to the stat ion? 5 Who asked you to be here at ten o'clock?6 When did you arr ive? 7 Who did you sel l your car to? 8 Whowould l ike (some) lunch? 9 What's/What has happened to thecomputer? ro Who is buying the business?4a I Which country held the r99o Wortd Cup? z Who won theltal ian presidential elect ion in g97t 3 Who created the statue ofDavid in Florence? 4 Whatdestroyed the cityof Pompeii?5 Where does the Pope [ ive? 6 Which city is bui l t on r3oo smallislands? 7 What do l tal ians usually eat for [unch? 8 Where didChristopher Columbus f irst sai l from?b r f z e 3 g 4 b 5 c 6 h 7 d 8 a5 r Who gave Mina my email address? 2 / 3 Who does thebook belong to? 4 Who invented the computer? S { 6 , /7 Where does Marianna [ ive? 8 What happened at the meeting?

Reading

6 (Line 9) ... people become frightened of them. They fail to see themas port ofthe learning process. In these kinds of environments ...(Line zo) . . . They experiment with al l the buttons, just to see what wil lhappen. Then they restort the computef and experiment again. Andthey are learning .. .(Line z8) . . . and we can see this often in successfuI professionals andleaders. People who ochieve greot success then have more to losewhen things go wrong. So they start to worry ...(Line lo) ... Don't let this happen to you. Learn to talk about yourmistakes, at work and at home. See what opportunities ...7 Line 9: them - mistakesLine r9: they - chi ldrenLine zt: this - the fear of successLine 3o: this - start ing to worry and deciding not to take r isks8 r bother z fal l over 3 mispronounce 4 iuggle 5 l<eys6 draw outside the l ines 7 take r isks I opportunit ies

Lesson 7.2

Vocabulary: adjectives1 r f i e r c e z p a l e 3 i n s p i r i n g 4 p a t i e n t 5 b o r i n g6 knowledgeable 7 understanding 8 open-minded2 r She often loses her temper. z He shouted at my mother.3 She explained things clearly. 4 He punished chi ldren whobehaved badly. 5 She is fr iendly and she smiles a [ot.6 She asked dif f icutt questions.

Grammar: used. tolwould.8 When I was a child ...r I used to/would spend my hol idays with my grandparents. 2 Mygrandmother would/used to cook del icious meals. 3 She used tokeep chickens, goats and horses. 4 My cousin and I used to/wouldride the horses every day. 5 My favourite horse was cal led Racer.6 Racer used to be faster than al l the other horses. 7 | didn't useto unders tand howdangerous r id ingcou ld be . 8 Oneday I fe t lo f fRacer and broke my arm. 9 My mother didn't /wouldn't let me r idehim again. ro After that, I used to/would sit in the house and watchsadty as the horses played in the f ietd.4a 1 I usedto p layvo l leyba l lwhen lwasatschoo l . z D idSylvie use to smoke? 3 When I was younger, I didn't use to l ikemushrooms. 4 | used to enioy cooking a lot. Now I don't haveenough t ime. 5 She used to drink milkwhen she was a chitd butnow she is al lergic to i t . 6 He didn't use to play computer games.Now he is always playingthem. 7 | used to read a lot of bookswhen I was at university. I don't read so many now. 8 Did you useto study at the Anglo-American school?b S e n t e n c e s 7 , 4 , 5 , 7

Listening: childhood

5 r No, he didn't . z The art of keeping st i l t . 3 No. 4 No, shesaid he was'[ess trouble than he used to be'.6 r T z F 3 F 4 F 5 T 6 F 7 F a F 9 T r o T

Pronunciation: si]ent letters7a l l thougbt tomyse l f z mymotherwou ldment ion 3shewas talking 4 the naughty chi[dren 5 less troubte than he usedto be

c

Lesson ?.3

Vocabulary: old age1 r r e t i r e 2 r e s p e c t e d 3 e l d e r l y 4 s e n i o r c i t i z e n s 5 n u r s i n ghomes 6 pens ions

Grammar: past ability2 r could paint z was able to tel l 3 managed to write4 was abte to read 5 managed to publ ish 6 could play3 r I didn't manage to pass my driving test unti l I was thirty.z Tim wasn't able to swim at school because of his ear infect ions.3 Wewere sit t ing nearthe backof the concert hatl butwe could hearthe music beauti ful ly. 4 Were you abte to see the actors withoutwearing your glasses? 5 | played rugby at school, but I nevermanaged to get into the team. 6 We couldn't walk to schooI aschi ldren because i t was too far. 7 Abigai l was able to read musicwhen she was only four years old. 8 Boris wasn't abte to join thechoir because his voice was too quiet. 9 He managed to learn themusic off by heart. 10 Susan wasn't able to sing because she hada sore throat.

Reading4 Tit le 3 is best: Not the ret ir ing type5 56 years: the number ofyears Dorothy Beckett has worl<ed inthe cake factory. 9.3o: the t ime Gerald Li l ley arr ives in the off icewhen he isn't travel l ing. Zo: many of the other worl<ers are /o yearsyounger than Dorothy Beckett. 4 mit l ion: the annuaI turnover forthe cake business. 4o hours: the number of hours Dorothy Beckettworks a week. 7z: the number of years ago that Wil l iam Spencerstarted work as a car salesman. 7945: the year that Dorothy Beckettstarted the factory with her husband, Fred. 94: Mr Li l ley is 94 yearsold. 9os: al l the people in the art icle are in their 9os.6 r Three things that people can do when they stop working aregardening, taking hoLidays and chatt ing with fr iends. z Her workinvolves putt ing cakes in boxes. 3 Some are zz years old. 4 No.5 No, he wanted to be a lawyer. 6 He didn't have the r ightquali f icat ions. 7 He is paid for his experience. 8 He works from9.3oa.m. to 4.oop.m. 9 He l ives in New York. ro Long f l ightsu He enjoys reading poetry to relax.

Review and consolidation unit zVocabulary1 Across z graduated 5 mistake Z course 8 fai ledDown r progress 3 revised 4 research 5 marl<s 6 notes

Subject/object questions2 r Who went to the meeting? 2 / 1 What happened?4 Where was Shakespeare born? 5 Who wrote Macbeth?6 / I W h o t e l e p h o n e d t h e e n g i n e e r ? 8 / g /10 Who ate the cake?

Vocabulary

3 r fast learner z str ict 3 practice/perfect 4 steep/curve5 heart 6 picked 7 thrown/deep 8 brought

Adjectives in descriptions/professional qualities4 r p a l e z s l i m 3 f r a g i l e 4 m i l d 5 f i e r c e 6 g i g a n t i c7 open-minded I knowledgeable 9 loses his temperro understanding

Used tolwouldl Past Simple5 r B z C g B l C 4 A l B 5 A 6 C T A l C 8 B6 r ret ire z pension 3 senior ci t izen 4 nursing home5 respect/elderly

si lent gh si lent I si lent nr si lent d s i ten t k

thoughtboughttaughtnaughty

walkta tkshoutdwould

sawknew

useo Io KNCW

knee

Ability: past and Present7 r managed 2 couldn't 3 able to 4 manage to. 5 couldn't

6 manage io 7 wasn't able to I couldn't 9 could 10 weren't

abte to

Vocabulary

S r h a v e z g a v e 3 w i l d 4 u p 5 t e a c h e a s 6 b o o k w o r m

7 brush 8 out 9 learn ro colours

Unit 8 Change

Lesson 8.1

Vocabulary: Phrases wit-I^ change

1 r changed career z changed the subiect 3 change of heart

4 changed my mind 5 mal<e a change 6 t ime for a change

Reading and vocabularY: the law

2 r i l tegal z arrested 3 offence 4 forbidden 5 f ine

3 r A London taxi. z l f he needed to use the toi let. 3 They can

be arrested. 4 Yes, but you must not wake the bears' 5 You mightget a f ine. 6 Vou shoutd be careful not to have a part icular haircut(a bob).

4 A: l t is i l tegal to enter the Houses of Parl iament wearing a suit

of armour.B: In Alaska, i t is an offence to push a moose out of an aeroplane'C: In Florida, you cannot t ie an elephant to a parl( ing meter'D: In London, taxis have to carry hay and oats for their horses'

Grammar: second conditional

5 r d z f 3 e 4 a 5 h 6 S l b 8 c

6 r found/would you pick z gave/would you telt 3 Would you

smol<e/coutd 4 Woutd/throw/f ined 5 thought/would you drive

6 Would/played 7 heard/would you try

7 t ' I I z wanted 3 wouldn't 4 didn't 5 stops 6 had

7 would 8 asked 9 would 10 won't

Lesson 8.2

Vocabulary: global issues

1 r t i festyte 2 crime 3 cure 4 problems/developing/war

5 starvation 6 environment 7 security 8 standard/developed

9 pol lut ion 10 disease

Grammar: adverbs

2 r I couldn't understand her because she was talking too qulckly'

z Be carefulwhen you turn the t ight on! The switch is broken' 3 /

4 | definitely don't want to be [ate. 5 We will posslbly see her at

t 'hetheatre. 6,/ 7 Hopeful lyshe' l lcal l ustomorrow' a ' /

9 | couldn't see the f i tm clearlybecause I didn't have my gtasses'

t o /

3 r toudty z unfortunately 3 personally 4 probably

5 comptetety 6 clearly 7 realty/beauti ful ly 8 basical ly

How to . . .

4 r deteriorated z st i t l 3 got 4 worse 5 surprisingly6 more 7 unfortunatelY 8 changes

5 r He went to Uganda' z He was a doctor. 3 Yes, he did'

6 r b z c a f 4 a S e 6 s l d? r volunteer z the bush 3 homesick 4 contr ibute 5 priest

6 banks 7 resources 8 expert ise

Lesson 8.3Vocabulary: life decisions1 r decided 2 went 3 teft 4 buy 5 have 6 given up

7 retire 8 start

Grammar: third conditional

2 t B z A 3 C 4 8 5 A 6 C 7 8 8 C

wouldn't have asked her out to dinner.

Listening4

S r R a c h e t z J u s t i n 3 R a c h e l 4 J u s t i n 5 R a c h e l 6 J u s t i n

6 t F z F l I q F r T 6 T 7 F 8 F

Review and consolidation unit 8

Expressions with change

1a change the subiect change my clothes makes a changechange my career change the password t ime for a changechange her hairstyte change of heart

b r change my career. z changed her hairstyle. 3 change thesubiect. 4 changed the password. 5 makes a change' 6 changeof heart. 7 change my clothes. 8 t ime for a change.

First and second conditionals

2 r wait z wouldn't 3 went 4 go 5 gave 6 ' t t cal l

7 wanted 8 won 9 won't 10 don't start

Cause and resultS r m e a n z r e s u l t 3 t e a d 4 m e a n s 5 c a u s e d 6 b e c a u s e

T so 8 Therefore

Global issues

4 Corrected sentences: 1 Starvation is a terrible problem in somedeveloping countr ies. z Lucki ly, they have found a cure for thisawful disease. (Or' . . . cures for these awfuI diseases'.) I I think

have mobile phones.

How to . . .

5aandb r s i tua t ion / z be t te r / 3 s t i t t / sameX

4 deter io ra ted / 5 tess / 6 surpr is ing ly /changedX

Adverbs

6 r A z B 3 C 4 A 5 C 6 B 7 C

Third conditional

? r l f I hadn't bought a new car, I would have had enough moneyto go on hotiday. z l f the manager hadn't been so dif f icult to worl<for, we woutdn'i have left the company. 3 The job would have beenfinished on t ime i f the buitders hadn't taken long lunch breaks'

4 We woutdn't have sat in the garden eating ice creams if i i hadn'tbeen asunnyday. 5 l f she hadn ' t fa l len and broken her leg ,shewould have become a professional dancer. 6 He wouldn't havearrived tateforworlci f thetrain hadn'tbeen delayed. 7 | wouldn'thave signed the contract if I had read it carefutly. I Picasso mightnot have oainted such beauti ful landscapes i f he hadn't t ived bythesea. 9 Shewou ldn ' thavefe l tso lonety i fshe hadn ' t l i ved byherself. ro l fJohn Lennon hadn'tbeen a famous rockstar, hissonmight/would not have become a we[[-known musician.

What wasthe decisionabout?

What wasthe situatiolbefore?

What wasfhe ci f Iaf ior

Why didtheymake thedecision?

Are theyhappy withthe decisionthey made?

afterwards?

Rache l what tostudy atuniversity/her career

she wasstudyingmedic ine

she studiedpsycnology

she didn' tenJoylecturesifoundworking inthe hospi ta lenvironmentdifficu Lt

yes

I ust in to start afami ly

worKeohard/travelted/WCNI OUI

a lo t and

en joyed

freedom

met Shan /got marr ied/had chi ldren,doesn'tworl( late ortravel/staYSat home tobaby-si t intne evenlng!

He metShan, l ivedtogether,and hispr ior i t iesstarted tochange

Vocabulary

8 rd ishonest z undercooked 3government 4 t rea tment5 accommodation 6 importance 7 unemployment8 independence 9 movement ro dif ference

Unit 9 JobsLesson 9.1

Vocabulary: work1 r quati f icat ions z chal lenges 3 experienced 4 promoted5 perks 6 long hours 7 overt ime 8 pay r ise 9 referencesro rewarding

Grammar: make, Iet, allow

2 t Our boss doesn't let us smoke in the off ice. z Employeesare al lowed to wear jeans to work. 3 The new manager makesus work very hard. 4 Most chi ldren are not al lowed to watch TVafter rop.m. 5 The teacher let us use our dict ionaries. 6 Rubymakes her son make his bed. 7 Children are not al lowed in theclub. 8 The restaurant owner didn't let my dog into the restaurant/let me take my dog into the restaurant.

3 r makes z al lowed 3 doesn't let 4 make 5 al lowed to6 tet

4 r Good afternoon z Firstty, I 'm going to talk about 3 l 'd l ike totelt you 4 Secondly, I ' l l talk about 5 Our main idea 6 The mostimportant thing for us is 7 In conclusion, 8 Thank you 9 Arethere any questions

ListeningO D

6 r an employer z what they want 3 less/later 4 a fewyears ago/increased 5 relaxed/more l later 6 better Z do8 occasional ly 9 decide for themselves ro pol i t ic ians andbusi nessmen /forma I

Lesson 9.2

Vocabulary t -ingl - ed adjectives1 r f r i g h t e n i n g z e x c i t e d 3 d e p r e s s i n g 4 b o r e d5 relaxing 6 exhausted 7 confusing I annoyed 9 t ir ingro fr ightened

Grammar: reported speech2 r s a i d z a s k e d g t o t d 4 a s k e d 5 s a i d 6 t o l d T a s k e d8 told 9 ask ro say 11 told rz said r3 asl< r4 totd/said

3 r She said that her name was Josie and she came from Brazi l .z She said that she was l iving in London, and (was) working in a caf6,3 She said that she had been there (here) for three months and shereal ly l iked i t , but she missed her famity and fr iends too. 4 She saidthat she wanted to go back home at Christmas, but she didn't earnvery much money, so she couldn't afford the f l ight. 5 She said thatshe had phoned her brother the day before, and that he was going tovisit her the folLowing month. 6 She said that maybe she woutd askhim to lend her some money. 7 She said that when she went backto Brazit , she would never forget her experiences in England.8 She said that she had made a lot of great fr iends.

Reading4 r -paragraph4 z -paragraph 2 3 - ln t roduc t ion

4 - p a r a g r a p h r 5 - p a r a g r a p h 5 6 - p a r a g r a p h 3

5 r lose yourtemper, go crazy 2 poor management 3 deal with4 a management technique 5 respect 6 bulty 7 work out8 calm down 9 slow down

6 The art icle describes how poor management is the main reasonwhy people /ose their tempers at work, and i t offers advice to helpworkers dealwith a dif f icutt boss. l t explains how some managersuse anger as a management technique in order to make employeesrespect them. Some bosses may bully new staff to see how theyreact. I t is important to work out why your boss is angry, so that youcan try to avoid i t . l f this doesn't work, and your boss goes crazy,theart icle suggests that you take deep breaths to help slow down yourbreathing, and this wil l hetp you to calm down.

Lesson 9.3

Grammar: past obligation/permission

1 r We were al lowed to smoke at my school. z In my Last jobwe could ask the computer engineer to help i f we had probtems.3 | d idn ' thaveto pay theex t ra money in theend. 4 Wereyou al lowed to go to part ies when you were younger? 5 Theyhad to wait for three hours before they were altowed into theexhibit ion. 6 | couldn't use mv mobile nhone because I wasin the l ibrary. 7 Did you have to wait a longtime to get a refund?8 We had to leave our suitcases at the airport so that they couldbe checked. 9 You aren't al lowed to wear shoes in here. 10 Inmy last schoo[, we weren't al lowed to use the Internet for more thantwenty minutes.

2 l inel: . / l ine z: to l ine 3: had l ine 4: / l ine 5: tol ine 6: al lowed l ineT: / l ine 8: were l ine 9: could l inero: couldn't l ine rr: have

S r t y p e z s p e a k 3 w o r k w e l l 4 g i v e 5 u s e 6 d e a l i n g7 making 8 organising 9 priori t ising ro persuading

4 The best sentence is 3.5 r d z f 3 b 4 a 5 e 6 c

6 a t c 2 a 3 e 4 b 5 db r take one step at a t ime 2 get in the way 3 set a goal4 mal<e your dreams come true

Review and consolidation unit IVocabulary: jobs

1 r appl ied z unemployed 3 f lexit ime 4 chal lenges5 long hours/pay r ise 6 experienced 7 applying/reference8 promoted 9 perks

make, Let, allow

2 r We are not al lowed to go into the conference hal l . z Shewouldn't let me fe see a doctor. 3 They should fo mal<e her geta iob. 4 Did they make you f i t l rng in a form? 5 Am I altowed tosmoke? 6 The land lorddoesn ' t fo le tushavepar t ies . 7 Herparents let fa her fo do anything she wants. 8 He's angry becausewe won't let hlm go to the cinema alone. 9 Why aren'twe al lowedto speak during the test? ro When we play chess together, myfather always lets me win.

How to .. .

3 r I 'd l ike to tel l you about . . . z First ly, I 'm going to tat l< about . . .3 The most important thing for us is . . . 4 Our main idea is . . .5 Secondly, I ' l [ talk about.. . 6 To sum up .. .

Vocabulary4 r t i red/retaxing z fr ightened 3 excited 4 annoying5 confusing 6 depressed 7 exhausted I boring 9 rewarded10 interesting

Reported speech

5 r asked 2 told/asked 3 asked 4 tel l /ask 5 asked, said6 said 7 asked 8 said 9 asked, told ro said

6 r B z C 3 C 4 A 5 C 6 B

Past obligation/permission

7 r had to z didn't have to 3 weren't altowed 4 could5 wasn't al lowed 6 had to 7 couldn't 8 didn't have to

Job requirements8 r presentations z long/irregular 3 solving 4 accurately5 range 6 f igures 7 delegating 8 priori t ise 9 decisions1() pressure

Vocabulary

9 r posted z movie 3 ftat 4 high school 5 soccer 6 toi let7 malL 8 petrol 9 mobile phone ro main road/motorway11 Davement 12 elevator

Unit 10 Memories

Lesson 10.1

Vocabulary: verbs connected with memory

1 r remember z miss 3 reminds 4 forgett ing 5 remind me to6 lost 7 remember 8 reminds me of 9 miss ro forgotten

Grammar: wishlif only2 r we had z I could afford 3 she hadn't missed 4 youwoutdn't 5 we hadn't been 6 you l ived 7 wish I was8 | spoke or I could speak 9 | hadn't eaten ro you would

3 A I wish I could run faster.B I wish I had more money.C I wish I had revised.D I wish I hadn't gone sl<i ing.E I wish I wasn't so short.F I wish I hadn't bought this car.

Vocabulary: nature collocations

4 t C 2 8 3 4 4 C 5 4

Reading

5a C lmproves your memory

b r Because they have to function with just a few hours'sleep.z The people who suffer from Alzheimer's Disease. 3 To f ind api l I that increases the memory. 4 Woutd i t be used only by i l lpeople, or by people who wanted an advantage in l i fe (eg lazy,r ich students)? 5 Start asking their workers to take pi l ls so thatthey performed better. 6 l t was original ly for injured soldiers.Now it 's used by'middle-aged actors who want to stay prett ier forlonger' . 7 A few more years, probabty. 8 He says, ' l t isn't cleartha t an ima ls use the same k ind o f memor ies as humans ' .

c a paragraph5 b paragraph4 c paragraphr d paragraphze paragrapn 3d r e x a m s z w o r k 3 s l e e p 4 q u e s t i o n s 5 t e s t e d

Lesson 1O.2

Vocabulary: describing great people

1 r d e t e r m i n e d z t a l e n t e d 3 d e d i c a t e d 4 c o u r a g e5 involved 6 encouraged

Grammar: past tenses review2 t had already been z was walking 3 wrote 4 had alreadystarted 5 had been

I r had known z had broken down 3 were you tal l<ing 4 hadswitched on 5 were wait ing 6 was l istening 7 had never been

4 r was travelt ing z had already suffered 3 painted 4 wasattending 5 was working 6 had f inished 7 went 8 werestaying 9 had got 10 were wait ing n tatked rz had become

How to . . .

5 t / z one mil l ion 3 the nineteen seventies 4 /5 one thousand two hundred and ninety'eight 6 threequarlers 7 / 8 ninety-nine point nine percent 9 / to /m nineteen sixty-nine rz eleven and a half

6a, t $349 2 lt 3 74o/o 4 3rd December zoo6/o3 . rz .o6 l$SS.Zr 6 ry7os

b r twenty-three thousand, nine hundred and ninety-three pounds2 three quarters 3 ninety-nine point eight percent 4 thenineteen-nineties 5 the thirt ieth of December, two thousandand seven 6 the twentieth centuryc r A 4 , 9 9 8 2 8 f . 7 9 . 9 9 3 8 5 o " / o 4 B t s l t t l c a 5 A 6 ' t ,6 B r98os 6 6't, 7 A 21st century I B roth luly 19699 B r,ooo,ooo ro B $r,345

Lesson 1O.3

Grammar: phrasal verbsl r u p z t h r o u g h 3 o n 4 o f f 5 u p 6 u p 7 u p 8 o n9 back 10 out

2 r spl i t up z wil l cat l off 3 put up with 4 was going on5 wil l carry on 6 turn up 7 isn't coming back 8 found out9 i s go ing through ro come up w i th

Writing: formal vs informal

3 a r 1 z i 3 k 4 f 5 b 6 e 7 d t h g a i o c 1 1 g

b r Thanl<s a lot z I can come 3 I ' t l be there at 8.3o 4 Bestwishes 5 You?e welcome 6 You can get more info on the website7 I ' t l get in touch I See you soon

Listening

4a Individual answers

b r Review new words regularly (almost every aay). E2 Stick notes around your house with new words on them. I3 Testyourself regularly. pl

4 Use new words in class whenever you can. | 6l

5 Draw pictures of words and phrases. [ l6 Read your notes before you go to bed. Sc 7 A 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 B 6 B

Review and consolidation unit 10

wishlif only1 r A z C 3 B 4 A 5 C 6 B 7 A 8 C

wishlif only anrd past tenses2 r never been to/not been to z could stop smol<ing 3 hadcleaned the room 4 was working 5 hadn't thrown away 6 I was7 had already met 8 was eating

3 r had already bought z was watching 3 didn't go 4 wasdancing 5 had teft 6 put 7 was trying 8 hadn't seen 9 hadtaken 10 wasn't staying

Phrasal verbs4 r We cal led off the picnic because i t was raining. z Can youte l [ mewhat i s go ingon? 3 You haveto come upwi th a so lu t ion .4 . lean always turns up [ate. 5 Climbers can put up with coldweather. 6 I ' t l f ind out what happened last night. 7 They?e goingthrough a dif f icult period. 8 When are you planning to comeback? 9 They've spl i t up severaI t imes before. ro Carry onrunn ing fo r as long as poss ib le .

5 r is going on z haven't found out 3 carry on 4 are goingthrough 5 comes back 6 tu rned up 7 had spL i t up 8 pu t upwith 9 come up with ro cal l off

Vocabulary: personal qualities

6 r involved z inspired 3 taLented 4 brave 5 determined6 dedicated 7 encourages 8 bri l t iant

Vocabulary: memory and the senses7 r B 2 8 3 C 4 A 5 B 6 B 7 C 8 A 9 C l o A

Writing: thank you letters8 r Thanksa lo t fo r le t t ingmestay . z Bes tw ishes , 3 Welookforward to working with you. 4 | am writ ing fo thank you for a[[ yourhard work. 5 Thanl< you for helping me last weel<end. 6 | hada great time. 7 I hope to see you soon. I Your efforts wereappreciated.

Total English is a new course for young adults and adults.It provides solutions to the challenges teachers and studentsface every day with a complete package of effective, easy-to-useresources.Iotal English Intermediate Workbook contains furtherpractice of key language areas covered in the Students' Bool<:

r Additional grammar, vocabulary, skills and pronunciationexercises consolidate and extend language.

. Review and consolidation sections after every unit enableteachers to assess learners' progress.

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