Traffic Signs - Visualbee

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    Presenter: SUNIA NAWAZ

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    Traffic Signsor Road Signs

    Traffic signs or road signs are signs erected at theside of roads to provide information to road users.

    With traffic volumes increasing over the lastdecades many countries have simplified andstandardized their signs to facilitate internationaltravel where language differences would create

    barriers, and in general to help enhance traffic safety.

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    Traffic Signs or Road

    Signs

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    Traffic signing is effected by the use of road

    markings and traffic signals.

    Traffic signs must convey clear and unambiguous

    messages to road users so that they can b understood

    easily.

    All traffic signs used on highway must conform tothe regulations which are periodically updated.

    Signs must sited so that the information is given

    to the user when they need it; neither too soon nor

    too late.

    Principles ofSigning

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    Categories ofTraffic Signs

    Upright Signs: whichare themselves divisibleinto warning, regulatoryand informatory signs.

    Road Markings

    Miscellaneous Signs

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    UprightSigns

    Warning Signs: Theygive warning of hazards

    ahead.Warning signs are

    usually either triangular(black symbol within redborder) or rectangular(white legend on a redbackground)Latter are used fortemporary warnings.

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    Warning Signs

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    RegulatorySigns

    These signs give notice ofrestriction or prohibition onspeed, movement andwaiting times of vehicles.They are mostly circular(red border indicating anegative instruction, bluebackground indicating apositive instruction)Exception is a stop sign(octagonal) and a give waysign (inverted triangle)

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    Regulatory signs

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    InformatorySigns

    These give informationabout routes, places andfacilities of particular valueand interest to road users.

    They are eitherrectangular or flag type(i.e. pointed at one end).Color used depends on the

    road on which they areused.Directional signs fallwithin this category.

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    Informatory signs

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    RoadMarkings

    Are used to convey awarning, a requirement orinformation except whereassociated with waiting or

    loading restrictions (in casethey are yellow in color).They are usually made upof reflecting material

    Reflectors are usuallywhite in color but red,green may b observed.

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    Road Markings

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    These may be:

    Signs placed temporarily on or near road to warn drivers.

    Red flags advising drivers to stop.

    Cylinders indicating the temporary division of carriage way.

    Cones used to define routes round obstructions.

    School crossing, patrol signs etc.

    Miscellaneous

    Signs

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    Miscellaneous Signs

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    DirectionSigns

    Direction signing isused to guide traffic toits destination.Example: street nameplates or those thatgive information to thedrivers about the route.

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    Types ofDirectional Signs

    Advanced Directional Sign (ADS) is placed before ajunction is reached to give driver advanced informationabout their route choice. At highways or motorways they are placed one and ahalf mile ahead of, as well as at, the exit.

    They may be located by the side of the carriage way. The layout of ADS may be of MAP TYPE that showsthe diagrammatic representation of a junction.

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    Types ofDirectionalSigns

    They may be of:STACK TYPE where theindividual destination isstacked on above the

    otheror theLANE DESTINATION TYPEwhere the carriage way isclearly marked into traffic

    lanes which areappropriate for differentdestination.

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    Advanced Directional

    Sign (ADS)

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    Directional signs (DS) repeats the information on the

    ADS but it is placed on the junction where the turning

    is actually to be made.

    They may be FLAG TYPE but may incorporate an

    arrow, depending on the type of junction.

    Route Confirmatory Sign is placed after the junction

    to give confirmation of the route number and

    destination ahead

    Types ofDirectional Signs

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    These are the kind of traffic signs that show variable

    or temporary information.

    It is useful where a message is not required to be

    displayed permanently.

    Its types includes:

    Mechanical or Electromechanical Signs (on which

    displayed message is changed by moving parts)

    Wholly Electrical Signs (on which messages are

    revealed when internal light source is switched on)

    Variable MessageTraffic Signs

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    Examples of Variable MessageTraffic Signs

    Regulatory Signs(banned turns, no entry, buslanes, two-way traffic etc.)

    Informatory Signs( lane controls, facilities/ services,diversions etc.)

    Warning Signs (detection of overheight vehicles approaching a lowbridge)

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    Variable Message Traffic Signs

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    There number and size should be kept to

    minimum with the need to provide adequateinformation to the driver.

    They should be placed by taking in account the

    presence of other prohibitory signs, traffic signals,street name plates, etc.

    Environmental Impact

    ofDirection Signs

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    References Book: Roads andTraffic in Urban Area,issued by: The instituteof highway andTransportation withDepartment ofTransportation 1987

    Google images

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