1

TSB

ITU Standardization and its new Environment

Stanford University, 23rd July 2003

by

Houlin ZHAO

DirectorTelecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB)International Telecommunication Union, Geneva

Place des Nations - CH-1211 Geneva 20 - SwitzerlandTel: +41 22 730 5851 Fax: +41 22 730 5853

E-mail: tsbdir@itu.intITU Home page address: http://www.itu.int

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1837 Invention of the first electric telegraph1844 Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine

between Washington and Baltimore1865 Foundation of the International Telegraph Union by twenty States17 May with the adoption of the first Convention. First Telegraph Regulations.1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone

1924 Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative Committee)1925 Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative Committee)1927 Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative Committee)1932 Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes name to

International Telecommunication Union

1947 ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations1956 Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International

Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)1992 Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors:

ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD

ITU Landmarks

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TSBStructure of the ITU

PlenipotentiaryConference

RadiocommunicationSector

TelecommunicationStandardization Sector Development Sector

World Conferenceson International

Telecommunications

WorldTelecommunication

StandardizationAssembly (WTSA)

Council

Radio RegulationsBoard

StudyGroups

DirectorSecretary-GeneralDeputy Secretary-General

CoordinationCommittee

General Secretariat

StudyGroups

StudyGroups

AdvisoryGroup

Bureau

Director

Bureau

AdvisoryGroup Director

Bureau

AdvisoryGroup

World/RegionalConferences

RadiocommunicationAssembly

World/RegionalConferences

4

TSBCCITT and ITU-T

CCITT (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee):1956 1st Plenary Assembly 1960 2nd Plenary Assembly Red Books1964 3rd Plenary Assembly Blue Books1968 4th Plenary Assembly White Books1972 5th Plenary Assembly Green Books

1976 6th Plenary Assembly Orange Books1980 7th Plenary Assembly Yellow Books1984 8th Plenary Assembly Red Books1988 9th Plenary Assembly Blue Books

ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union - Telecom. Standardization Sector):1993 1st World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-93), Helsinki1996 2nd World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC-96), Geneva2000 3rd World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA-2000), Montreal

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TSBOrganizational Structure of ITU-T

WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATION ASSEMBLY

TELECOMMUNICATIONSTANDARDIZATIONADVISORY GROUP

STUDY GROUP

WORKINGPARTY

R

STUDY GROUP STUDY GROUP

WORKINGPARTY

WORKINGPARTY

R R R

R = RAPPORTEUR GROUP

- Workshop / forum - Focus Group- Joint Group- Project team

(13 SGs)

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3 months minimum

1 month minimum

4 weeks

SG or WPmeeting

SG or WPdetermination

Chairman'srequest

Edited textavailable

Consultation period

Director'sannouncement

Director's request

Textdistributed

Director'snotification

Deadline forMember States' replies

SGdecision

SGmeeting

7 working days

maximum

Approval of new and revised Recommendations -Sequence of events (TAP)

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Approved

Director’s Notification

SG or WP

Meeting

Edited Text

for LC

Director’s Announcement

and Posting for LC

(a)

(b)

(c)

Comment Resolution

Edited Text

Available

Director’s Announcement

and Posting

SG Meeting

(a)

(a)

(b)

Director’s Announcement

and Posting for AR

(b)

3 weeks

4 weeks LC

3 weeks AR

LC: Last Call AR: Additional Review

AAP Sequence of Events(extract from Rec. A.8)

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TSBBest Sellers of ITU-T Recommendations

Best selling texts (in the order of sales number from 09/01-01/03):

H.323 G.729 G.723.1 G.707/Y.1322 H.263 G.711

E.164 G.703 Q.931 G.709/Y.1331 G.726 G.783

G.704 Q.763 G.992.1 H.245 Q.764 T.30

H.225.0 G.728

Some well-known ITU-T Recommendations:

E.190 E.212G.652 G.655 G.692 G.720 G.723 Annex A+disk G.780-series (SDH) G.826 G.957 G.982 G.990-series (xDSL)H.248 H.324 H.450 I.365 I.432 I.731 J.112 J.117M.3010 M.3100 M.3400Q.931 Q.1700-series (IMT-2000)T.37 T.38 V.34 V.44 V.59 V.90 V.92X.25 X.36 X.509 X.680-series (ASN.1) X.690 X.840-seriesY.1310 Y.1540

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before 1988 1989-1993 1993-1996 1997-2000 2001-2004

Approval time

4 years

2 years

18 months

9 months (exceptional

case: 5 months)

2-9

months

Publication time

2-4 years

2 years

1-1.5 year

6-12

months

3-9 months

Notes: 1. Pre-published Recommendations, available on ITU-T Website, from a few days

to four weeks after approval of the text. 2. Recs in force, pre-published, superseded/obsolete: available on ITU-T Website. 3. Forms of publication: paper, CD-ROM, electronic bookshop, online, etc.

4. FREE ONLINE ACCESS SINCE JANUARY 2001 (one free access per member, 3 free downloads for public) 5. “Approval time” counted between “determination/consent” and final approval

Approval and publication time of Recommendations

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TSBITU-T's main work areas

Three major items:

- IP-related issues

- IMT-2000

- Accounting rates

Other items:

- Multi-media, access networks (xDSL), optical transmission,security, numbering and addressing, inter-operabilities, IPR, etc.

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TSBITU-T’s work on voice coding

7 kHz band - wideband (G.722-series)

4 kHz band - analogue

64 kbit/s - PCM, G.711, 1972

32 kbit/s - ADPCM, G.721, 1984

16 kbit/s - G.728, 1992

8 kbit/s - G.729, 1996

4 kbit/s - G.4kbps

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TSBITU-T’s work on still picture coding

Classic facsimile (G3, G4) T.4, T.6

B/W still pictures (JBIG) T.82, T.83

Cont. tone colour (JPEG) T.81

(lossless) (JPEG-LS) T.86

(JPEG-2000) T.800

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TSBITU-T’s work on moving picture coding

H.261 - video coding at n x 64 kbit/s

H.262 - generic video and audio coding

H.263 - video coding for low bit rates

H.264 - improved multimedia video coding

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Year9.6 kbit/s28.8 kbit/s

56.6 kbit/s

128 kbit/s

2 Mbit/s

640 kbit/s

8 Mbit/s

25 Mbit/s

50 Mbit/s

1989 1997 2000

Analog modems

ISDN

HDSL/ADSL

VDSL

OPTICALACCESS

622 Mbit/s

Access network

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TSBITU-T’s work on Optical networking

Fully optical networks

Increased bit rates (up to 40 Gbit/s)

Use of multi-wavelength techniques DWDM

Use of optical amplifiers

Interoperability and interconnection

Submarine optically amplified DWDM

Access networks for new high speed services

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TSBITU-T’s products for IP-networks

E.164 …

G.707 (SDH), G.709 (OTN), G.722 (7 kHz), G.728 (16 kbit/s), G.729 (8 kbit/s), G.99x (xDSL) …

H.248 (gateway), H.323 (multimedia systems) …

I.365 (FR), I.432 (B-ISDN), I.732 (ATM) …

J.112 (Cable TV), J.16x + J.17x (IPCablecom) …

M.3120 (CORBA for TMN) …

Q.933 (DSS1), Q.1300 (TASC), Q.1930 (BICC), Q.27xx (B-ISDN), Q.29xx (DSS2) …

T.37, T.38 (IPfax), T.12x (multimedia conference) …

V.29 (9.6 K modem), V.34 (34 kbit/s), V.90/V.92 (56 kbit/s) …

X.25, X.75, X.76 (FR), X.85 (IP over SDH), X.86 (Ethernet over LAPS), X.121, X.4xx (MHS), X.5xx (Directory), particularly X.509, X.68x/X.69x (ASN.1), X.8xx (security), X.9xx (ODP) …

Y-series: dedicated to IP and GII

Z.100 (SDL), Z.14x (TTCN), Z.3xx (MM languages) ……

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Specified IMT-2000 systems and its spectrums

Interworking functions to be used with existing and evolving IMT-2000 systems

Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000 systems

New Generation of mobile systems

ITU-T’s mobile communications

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TSBEnsuring global interoperability

Quality of Service (QoS)

Numbering and routing

Security

Tariffs and Accounting rates

Interworking

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12/2000 Differen

ce

12/2001 Differen

ce

12/2002

Administration

s189 - 189 - 189

ROAs 164 +15 179 -9 170

SIOs 213 +9 222 -15 207

Associates 3 +27 30 +27 57

Other Entities 5 -1 4 +1 5

Other Org. 33 +2 35 +1 36

ITU-T Members

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Administrations (70/953)

Members: 189

ROAs (68/563)

Members: 170

SIOs (110/658)

Members: 207

Associates (22/39)

Members: 57

U.S.A. 150

FT 73

NTT 49+8

AULM 6

China 113

DT 43

Siemens 41+6+5+4

OSS Nokalva 6

U.K. 61

China Telecom. Corp. 37

Nortel 35+9+9

Telekom Srpske 3

Japan 46

BT 29

Lucent Tech. 30+5+5+1

DENIC 2

France 41

Swisscom 28

Alcatel 14+10+7+3+2+1

Nominum 2

Germany 38

Telekomunikacja Polska 22

ETRI 31

OFS Fitel 2

Canada 35

Telenor AS 19

Ericsson 26+2

STELEUS 2

Brazil 30

KDDI 18

Cisco Systems 27

Teraburst Networks 2

Italy 29

KT Corporation 15

TILAB 17

Russia 28

OTE 15

Huawei Tech. 14

Korea (Rep. of) 26

Telekom Austria 15

NEC 13+1

Switzerland 26

AT&T 14

Telcordia Tech. 14

Hungary 20

BELGACOM 12

Nokia 13

Total: 643 (67%)

Total: 340 (60%)

Total: 402 (61%)

Total: 25 (64%)

Top Members participation (2002)

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TSB

- ITU-T work is shared by Governments and Industry Members(service providers and telecom equipment vendors)

- Individual Industry Memberships in ITU Sectors

- 13 out of 14 Study Group Chairmen (including TSAG) appointed are from Sector Members

- Classic telecom members (to attract new IT Members)

- Director’s Informal Consultation meeting (with Industries)known as “Martigny meetings”, twice: Feb. 2000 and Feb. 2001

- Key point of ITU Reform: Industry Members’ rights and duties(partnership)

Industry Members’ role

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TSB

Budget SDO Membership fees NoteAnnual fee

(US$)

(25,000,000 $)

40,000,000 SFr

ITU-T Minimum mandatoryOther optional

½ unit (31,500 SFr) 20,000

20,275,000 $

(21,909,000 Euros)

ETSI Mandatory according to turnover

45 units (5,000 Euros/unit) 211,050

IETF Depending on participation

350 $/500 $ per meeting per person,3 meetings per year

1050/1500 x ?

1,200,000 $

ECMA Mandatory $ 42,000 / $ 18, 000 / $ 10,000standards free

42,000

(18,300,000 $)

29,305,000 SFr

ISO Through national members

Shared by national members(five big members pay 9% of the budget)

(individual company up to 50,000)

(11,900,000 $)

19,000,000 SFr

IEC

(4,456,200 Euros)

4,000,000 $

3GPP Shared by 6 SDOs Average500,000/SDO

1,840,000 $

3GPP2 Shared by 5 SDOs Average360,000/SDO

W3C Mandatory 50,000 $ / 5,000 $, standards free

50,000

IEEE Mandatory 5,000

2,870,000 $

ATM Mandatory + meeting fees

$ 14,000/5,000/3,500/1,500,$ 250/275 per meeting4 meetings/year, standards free

14,000+1,000/1,100 x?

Company’s dues to SDOs(ITU-T Associates = US $ 6,000)

(Some SDOs receive secretariat support from their members; such expenditures are not counted in the budget.)

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Intergovernment

ITU(ITU-T and ITU-R)

NGOsISO, IEC

…..Forums / Consortia / SDOs

1394TA 3G.IP 3GPP 3GPP2 AIM AMFAMI-C AOEMA AOW ARIB ATM Forum BINTERMSBluetooth Cable Modems CBOP CDG CIFCIICommerceNet CommerceNet J Committee T1 COSCPR CTFJDHF DISA DOPG DSL Forum ECE ECHONETECMA ECOM ECTF EDIFICE EDS EEMAEIDX EMA EMF ERTICO ETSI EWOSFCIA FCIA-J FIPA FRF FS-VDSL FSANGSM Assoc. HNF Home API HomePNA HRFWG IDB ForumIEEE IETF IFIP IFSA IMTC IMWAIPv6 IrDA ITS America ITS UK JAVA JCTEAJECALS JEDIC JEMA JICSAP JIMM JMFLONMARK MCPC MDG.org MITF MMCF Mobile WebMOPA MPLS Forum MSF MWIF OASIS ODVAOIF OMG OSGi PCCA PCISIG PCMCIAPHS MoU PICMG PKI POF Salutation SCFSCTE SDL Forum SDR SSIPG STA TIATINA-C TM Forum TOG TSC TTA TTCUMTS USBIF UWCC W3C WAP WDFWeb 3D WfMC WIN Forum WLIF XTP Forum

ITU positioning

………

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• ISO, IEC, ISO/IEC JTC 1cooperation since the 1970s; common texts since 1992WTSA-2000 Resolution 7, Recommendation A.23World Standards Cooperation (WSC)

• IETFITU-T Member since 1995Joint management team meetings in 11/99 and 08/01

• ETSIITU-T Member since early 1990sMoU cooperation in June 2000

• ISO, IEC, UN/ECEMoU on e-business in March 2000

• GSC (Global Standards Collaboration): Since March 1994TTA, TTC, ARIB, ETSI, T1, TIA, TSACC, ACIF, ITU

ITU-T coordination with SDOs

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TSBCooperation with IETF/IAB

Good cooperation between ITU-T and IETF started in 1997,good results for T.37, T.38, H.248, etc.

My presentation at the IETF-45 Plenary (1999) warmly welcomed

Joint meeting of ITU-T SG Chairs and IETF Area Directors:1st meeting: Washington, D.C., 7 November '99 (30 participants)2nd meeting: London, 5 August 2001 (30 participants)

Joint meeting with IAB, London, 5 August, 2001 (20 participants)

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IETF protocol defined in RFC 2916For example: +44 1206 762335 5.3.3.2.6.7.6.0.2.1.4.4.e164.TLD

Define and implement administrative procedures that coordinate delegations of E.164 numbering resources into the agreed DNS name servers

Director of TSB, on behalf of Administrations, to control the implementation of ENUM under e164.arpa on a trial basis, while the registering is done by RIPE NCC

ITU-T Responsibilities regarding ENUM

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TSB

ITU-T Rec. A. 4: communication with forums and consortia

ITU-T Rec. A. 5: referencing documents of other organizations in ITU-T Recommendations

ITU-T Rec. A. 6: cooperation and exchange of information with SDOs

Informal Forum Summit convened by the Director of TSB (Geneva, December 3-4, 2001)

Invitation to the 2nd Informal Forum Summit by the Director of TSB (San Francisco, July 24-25, 2003)

ITU-T Cooperation with forums / consortia / SDOs

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TSB

A.4 A.5

A.6

ASN.1 Consortium ARIB (Association of Radio Industries and Businesses)

ARIB

ATM Forum ATM Forum Committee T1

DSL Forum Committee T1 CWTS

ETIS (e-and telecommunication info. services)

CWTS (China Wireless Telecommunication Standard Group)

ECMA

FRF (Frame Relay Forum) DSL Forum ETSI

IMTC (Multimedia) ECMA Standardizing Information & Communication Systems

IEEE

IPDR Organization ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)

JCTEA

IPv6 Forum FRF NIST

MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) Forum

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

SCTE

MSF (Multiservice Switching Forum) ISOC/IETF (Internet Society/Internet Engineering Task Force)

TIA

OASIS JCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association)

TTA

OIF (Optical Internetworking Forum) MPLS Forum TTC

OMG (Object Management Group) NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

SDL Forum Society OASIS

TM Forum (Tele Management Forum) OIF

W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) OMG

SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers)

TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association)

TM Forum

TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association)

TTC (Telecommunication Technology Committee)

W3C

Members for Rec. A.4, A.5and A.6 relationship

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Cooperation on common subjects (liaisons, communications,mutual participation)

Cooperation on workshops

ITU-T provide draft texts and other documents to SDOs to post for public consultation

ITU’s permission for SDOs to reproduce ITU-T texts

More to be done for mutual benefit: market study, joint promotion, mutual reference, joint conferences, efficient coordination, common IPR policy, etc.

FS-VDSL Forum becomes ITU-T SG 16 Focus Group

Cooperation activities with SDOs(General)

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Some forums become A.4 members of ITU-T

FS-VDSL Forum becomes a Focus Group of ITU-T SG 16

Another Forum is considering becoming a Focus Group of ITU-T

Home page connections for ITU-T and Forums/Consortia

ITU-T SG 16 management member be included in the Forumleadership

New approaches…

TO COOPERATE and WORK TOGETHER!

New relationships betweenForums/Consortia and ITU-T

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ITU is looking for an increased involvement of universities in its activities

MoU between Waseda University and ITU on a partnership on training in Asia-Pacific area, signed in August 2001

Waseda University, Japan, is an Associate of ITU-T SG 16. Mr. Matsumoto of Waseda University is a Vice Chairman of SG 16

University of Chile organized a SG meeting in May 1999

Free web downloads of ITU Recommendations offered by ITU received an enthusiastic reaction from students (20% of free

access used by students)

Low charges to university libraries for ITU products

ITU and Universities

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“Consensus: after WTSA-2000, the ITU-T procedures are now very streamlined and efficient so that any perception of slowness can no longer be attributed to the ITU-T methods…”

“fully recognized that Sector Members have a significant leadership role in the ITU-T technical standardization activities…”

“ITU-T is and should remain the unique worldwide venue for industry and governments to work together in developing,

providing and promoting global consensus-based telecommunication requirements and standards for the Information Society”

Welcome you in ITU-T!

**********

Industry Views on ITU-T Martigny, February 2001