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Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

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Page 1: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Tutoring & Help System

Tutoring & Help System

CSE-435Nicolas Frantzen

CSE-435Nicolas Frantzen

Page 2: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Why Learning ?Why Learning ?

“Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day.

Teach a man to fish and he will eat for the rest of his

life.”

Chinese Proverb

“Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day.

Teach a man to fish and he will eat for the rest of his

life.”

Chinese Proverb

Page 3: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

How to Learn?How to Learn?

“ I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. ”

Confucius

“ I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. ”

Confucius

Page 4: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

OverviewOverview

A few facts…What are Intelligent Tutoring

Systems ?General concepts of Case-Based ITSCBITS in real life : concrete examplesPerspectivesDemo of an ITS

A few facts…What are Intelligent Tutoring

Systems ?General concepts of Case-Based ITSCBITS in real life : concrete examplesPerspectivesDemo of an ITS The fun

part !

Page 5: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

A few facts… A few facts…

Intelligent Tutoring systems (ITS) were born in the 70’s

Became popular in the 90’s

Today about 6% of high-school in USA utilize ITS as a support in the learning process

Intelligent Tutoring systems (ITS) were born in the 70’s

Became popular in the 90’s

Today about 6% of high-school in USA utilize ITS as a support in the learning process

Page 6: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

What are ITS ?What are ITS ?

System that provides personalized tutoring by :

Generating problem solutions automatically

Representing the learner’s knowledge acquisition processes

Diagnosing learner’s activities Providing advices and feedback

System that provides personalized tutoring by :

Generating problem solutions automatically

Representing the learner’s knowledge acquisition processes

Diagnosing learner’s activities Providing advices and feedback

Page 7: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Conventional ModelConventional Model

Page 8: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

The 3 main components of an ITS…

The 3 main components of an ITS…

The Student Model

The Pedagogical or Tutor Model

The Domain Knowledge

The Student Model

The Pedagogical or Tutor Model

The Domain Knowledge

Page 9: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

…and their interaction…and their interaction

Page 10: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

The Student ModelThe Student Model

Keeps track of all information related to the learner :

Description of student behavior with regard to a specific problem

Performance concerning the material being taught

MisconceptionsKnowledge gap

Keeps track of all information related to the learner :

Description of student behavior with regard to a specific problem

Performance concerning the material being taught

MisconceptionsKnowledge gap How long

should we keep the

information?

How long should we keep the

information?

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The Tutor ModelThe Tutor Model

Information about the teaching process:

When to review ? When to present new topics? What topics to teach?

Information about the teaching process:

When to review ? When to present new topics? What topics to teach?

Get input from the Learner model to make its decision to reflect the differing needs of each student.

Get input from the Learner model to make its decision to reflect the differing needs of each student.

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The Domain KnowledgeThe Domain Knowledge

Contains the information the tutor is teaching

Most important part of the ITS

Issues: How to represent knowledge so it easily

scales up to large domain? How to represent domain knowledge other

than facts and procedure (i.e. concepts and mental model)?

Contains the information the tutor is teaching

Most important part of the ITS

Issues: How to represent knowledge so it easily

scales up to large domain? How to represent domain knowledge other

than facts and procedure (i.e. concepts and mental model)?

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How to use CBR?How to use CBR?

To represent the Student model and Domain Knowledge

There are different sources to obtain cases:

Produced by the learner himself Experience from other learner On-demand case generation Predefined cases given by human tutors

To represent the Student model and Domain Knowledge

There are different sources to obtain cases:

Produced by the learner himself Experience from other learner On-demand case generation Predefined cases given by human tutors

Page 14: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

General Concepts of CBITS

General Concepts of CBITS

Where CBR technique become useful ?

During the Problem Solving phase : Find similar problem solved in the past to provide learner with past experience feedback.

Case-Based Adaptation

Case-Base Teaching

Where CBR technique become useful ?

During the Problem Solving phase : Find similar problem solved in the past to provide learner with past experience feedback.

Case-Based Adaptation

Case-Base Teaching

Eureka !!

Eureka !!

Page 15: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Case-Based AdaptationCase-Based Adaptation

Allows interactive system to adapt to a specific user (i.e CHEF cooking tutor)

Can be used to adapt interface component depending on the user’s knowledge of the software

Allows interactive system to adapt to a specific user (i.e CHEF cooking tutor)

Can be used to adapt interface component depending on the user’s knowledge of the software

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Case-Based Teaching

Case-Based Teaching

Main goal is to provide learners with useful information (in order to understand new topics and to help during the problem solving phase).

Case-Based Teaching system are either:

Static (use given case base)Adaptive (learn new case from learner

experience)

Main goal is to provide learners with useful information (in order to understand new topics and to help during the problem solving phase).

Case-Based Teaching system are either:

Static (use given case base)Adaptive (learn new case from learner

experience)

Page 17: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

General Concepts of CBITS (cont’d)

General Concepts of CBITS (cont’d)

Different type of CBR methods:

Classification Approach (used to provide help on well known pre-analyzed cases)

Problem Solving Approach (to diagnose solution proposed by the learner and to identify the problem solving path used)

Planning Approach (to support planning in the system)

Different type of CBR methods:

Classification Approach (used to provide help on well known pre-analyzed cases)

Problem Solving Approach (to diagnose solution proposed by the learner and to identify the problem solving path used)

Planning Approach (to support planning in the system)

Page 18: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Case RepresentationCase Representation

As a Complete case: Problem definition + detailed solution

As Partial Case (Snippet) : Subgoals of problems + solution within different contexts

As a Complete case: Problem definition + detailed solution

As Partial Case (Snippet) : Subgoals of problems + solution within different contexts

Page 19: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

CBITS in real lifeCBITS in real life

CBITS have been used in many different areas :

Biology : INVISSIBLE (under construction) Physics : ANDES Math : ActiveMATH Jurisprudence Economics

The most popular ones are: Programming : ELM-Art, SQL-Tutor, Chess : CACHET

CBITS have been used in many different areas :

Biology : INVISSIBLE (under construction) Physics : ANDES Math : ActiveMATH Jurisprudence Economics

The most popular ones are: Programming : ELM-Art, SQL-Tutor, Chess : CACHET

But Why

?

But Why

?

Page 20: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Further WorkFurther Work

Reduce development time and cost:

Using Authoring tools (API that would simplify programmer’s task to represent knowledge and teaching strategies)

Using Modularity of the student, tutor and domain models for future reuse

Collaborative Learning

Allowing student to interact (help) with each other while learning with an ITS

But problem concerning modeling student knowledge and defining teaching strategies

Reduce development time and cost:

Using Authoring tools (API that would simplify programmer’s task to represent knowledge and teaching strategies)

Using Modularity of the student, tutor and domain models for future reuse

Collaborative Learning

Allowing student to interact (help) with each other while learning with an ITS

But problem concerning modeling student knowledge and defining teaching strategies

Page 21: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Developed in 1996 by Dr. Mitrovic from University of Canterbury, New-Zeland.

Provide a good “on-hand” practice to student discovering SQL

Teaching with example and built-in Database relations.

Useful feedback is given by the system

Developed in 1996 by Dr. Mitrovic from University of Canterbury, New-Zeland.

Provide a good “on-hand” practice to student discovering SQL

Teaching with example and built-in Database relations.

Useful feedback is given by the system

Page 22: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen
Page 23: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen
Page 24: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

The Student ModelThe Student Model

Use Constraint-Based Modeling (allows to reduce complexity by focusing on faults only)

Use Constraint-Based Modeling (allows to reduce complexity by focusing on faults only)

Page 25: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Constraint Representation

Constraint Representation

Use Pattern Recognition to match learner’s solution to possible constraintsUse Pattern Recognition to match learner’s solution to possible constraints

Page 26: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Let’s have fun !Let’s have fun !

Start engine

Demo of SQL-Tutor

Start engine

Demo of SQL-Tutor

Page 27: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

What have we learn today?

What have we learn today?

ITS “give” personalized instruction3 main parts are:

The Student Model The Tutor Model The Domain Knowledge

CBITS use different approach: Case-Based Adaptation Case-Based Teaching (Static or Adaptive)

Classification Problem-Solving Planning

ITS “give” personalized instruction3 main parts are:

The Student Model The Tutor Model The Domain Knowledge

CBITS use different approach: Case-Based Adaptation Case-Based Teaching (Static or Adaptive)

Classification Problem-Solving Planning

Page 28: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

ConclusionConclusion

Still many areas in ITS are open Developing Authoring tools Increase modularity of ITS Natural language Modeling Collaborative Learning

ITS are becoming more and more popular as a good assistant to human tutors

Still many areas in ITS are open Developing Authoring tools Increase modularity of ITS Natural language Modeling Collaborative Learning

ITS are becoming more and more popular as a good assistant to human tutors

Page 29: Tutoring & Help System CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen CSE-435 Nicolas Frantzen

Thank You !Happy Halloween !!!

Thank You !Happy Halloween !!!