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EDINBURGH LONDON SOUTHBANK

E4 Udder Belly Festival Edinburgh...

Introduction...

A Brief Introduction...Underbelly is a UK based live entertainment company. We run Underbelly at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe - one of the largest venue operations at the largest arts festival in the world - and Udderbelly Festival and Priceless London Wonderground at Southbank Centre in London. Our iconic upside-down purple cow venue - Udderbelly - is an annual fixture on both the London and Edinburgh skylines and 2012 was the inaugural year for our new London festival of circus and cabaret, Priceless London Wonderground. Through our Underbelly Productions arm we also produce and promote live shows for UK and international touring. In short, we're all about entertaining people... and last year over 350,000 bought tickets to our shows.

Edinburgh Festival...Underbelly was established to operate Underbelly, Cowgate in Edinburgh during the Edinburgh Fringe Festival. Since then the company has grown and added new venues; in 2006, we created Udderbelly’s Pasture which incorporates Udderbelly and Cow Barn (Reid Concert Hall), at Bristo Square. In 2007 we added 10 nights of Silent Disco in the amazing McEwan Hall as well as site specifics works in George Square. In 2010, we added the 1000 seat McEwan Hall to our portfolio, and hosted some of the biggest names on the Fringe. 2011 saw the launch of two new venues; The Dairy Room and Wee Coo. 2012 marked our 13th year on the Fringe, and we added further venues at Bristo Square - Ermintrude, Daisy and Clover. We love Edinburgh and we love the festival. It's the best place to be in August.

London Festival...In 2009, Underbelly joined forces with Southbank Centre to launch the Udderbelly Festival at Southbank Centre - an 8 week summer festival of the brightest comedy, circus, family and cabaret shows. We've extended the festival every year and in 2012 Udderbelly Festival played a whopping 14 weeks on the Southbank, and won Best Festival at the London Lifestyle Awards. We'll be back in 2013 for more lazing and grazing on the banks of the Thames.

2012 also saw the launch of a new festival from Underbelly, Priceless London Wonderground, London's largest festival of cabaret and circus, headlined by the dark and decadent Cantina. The magnificent Spiegeltent hosted over 200 performances, and the site was a playground for the people, featuring sideshows, fairground rides, a bandstand and an aerial stage.

Udder Belly...Our exciting and unique touring venue, Udderbelly, is a 410 capacity temporary theatre. It is available to hire for corporate events, music festivals and tours.

This design proposal in response to the request for tender by the cities of Edinburgh & London.To provide a new seating & lighting experience for the comical Udder Belly Festival.

Sustainability...- Making Products. - Eco Friendly. - Using renewable and sustainable materials. - Carbon Footprint production, lifetime,

recycling energy. - Less is more.

Making Products Last- Impacts...

- Negative impact on GDP and retail sector.- Positive implications for consumer. - Positive - less Landfill.- We need Less materials, so we use less

energy.

Using renewable and sustainable materials and energy- Impacts...- As or more expensive.- Renewable materials are constantly available.- Renewable energy is not impacted by

fluctuation energy costs or political events.

Carbon Footprint- Impacts...

- If we monitor carbon footprint we are able to determine where and when we can make changes to improve IE 90% of a kettles energy is consumption is during its lifetime therefore we have very little kick back from improving design. Its a very good design tool.

- This criteria might impact upon quality

Less Is More- Impacts...

- Less materials = Cheaper- Less transport costs (mass) = Cheaper- Less production costs = Cheaper- >>ITS GOOD DESIGN PRACTICE<<

Images of the UdderBelly Festival Across The Uk...

Current Festival Furniture...

The process was applied to plastics in the 1940s but in the early years was little used because it was a slow process restricted to a small number of plastics. Over the past two decades, improvements in process control and developments with plastic powders have resulted in a significant increase in usage.Rotational Molding involves a heated hollow mold which is filled with a charge or shot weight of material. It is then slowly rotated (usually around two perpendicular axes) causing the softened material to disperse and stick to the walls of the mold. In order to maintain even thickness throughout the part, the mold continues to rotate at all times during the heating phase and to avoid sagging or deformation also during the cooling phase.Rotocasting (also known as rotacasting), by comparison, uses self-curing resins in an unheated mould, but shares slow rotational speeds in common with rotational molding. Spincasting should not be confused with either, utilising self-curing resins or white metal in a high speed centrifugal casting machine.

Rotational Moulding...MaterialsMore than 80% of all the material used is from the polyethylene family: cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and regrind. Other compounds are PVC plastisols, nylons, and polypropylene.Order of materials most commonly used by industry:

• Polyethylene• Polypropylene• Polyvinyl chloride• Nylon• Polycarbonate

These materials are also occasionally used:• Aluminum• Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

(ABS)• Acetal• Acrylic• Epoxy• Fluorocarbons• Ionomer• Polybutylene• Polyester• Polystyrene• Polyurethane• Silicone• Chocolate (natural)

Natural materialsRecently it has become possible to use natural materials in the molding process. Through the use of real sands and stone chip, sandstone composite can be created which is 80% natural non-processed material.Rotational molding of plaster is used to produce hollow statuettes.Chocolate is rotationally molded to form hollow treats.

Material RequirementsDue to the nature of the process, materials selection must take into account the following:

• Due to high temperatures within the mold the plastic must have a high resistance to permanent change in properties caused by heat (high thermal stability).

• The molten plastic will come into contact with the oxygen inside the mold—this can potentially lead to oxidation of the melted plastic and deterioration of the material's properties. Therefore, the chosen plastic must have a sufficient amount of antioxidant molecules to prevent such degradation in its liquid state.

• Because there is no pressure to push the plastic into the mold, the chosen plastic must be able to flow easily through the cavities of the mold. The parts design must also take into account the flow characteristics of the particular plastic chosen.

Wall thicknessOne benefit of rotational molding is the ability to experiment, particularly with wall thicknesses. Cost is entirely dependent on wall thickness, with thicker walls being costlier and more time consuming to produce. While the wall thickness can be nearly any thickness, designers must remember that the thicker the wall, the more material and time will be required, increasing costs. In some cases, the plastics may significantly degrade due to extended periods at high temperature. Also, different materials have different thermal conductivity, meaning they require different times in the heating chamber and cooling chamber. Ideally, the part will be tested to use the minimum thickness required for the application. This minimum will then be established as a nominal thickness.For the designer, while variable thicknesses are possible, a process called stop rotation is required. This process is limited in that only one side of the mold may be thicker than the others. After the mold is rotated and all the surfaces are sufficiently coated with the melt-flow, the rotation stops and the melt-flow is allowed to pool at the bottom of the mold cavity.Wall thickness is important for corner radii as well. Large outside radii are preferable to small radii. Large inside radii are also preferable to small inside radii. This allows for a more even flow of material and a more even wall thickness. However, an outside corner is generally stronger than an inside corner.

AdvantagesRotational molding offers design advantages over other molding processes. With proper design, parts assembled from several pieces can be molded as one part, eliminating high fabrication costs. The process also has inherent design strengths, such as consistent wall thickness and strong outside corners that are virtually stress free. For additional strength, reinforcing ribs can be designed into the part. Along with being designed into the part, they can be added to the mold.The ability to add pre-finished pieces to the mold alone is a large advantage. Metal threads, internal pipes and structures, and even different colored plastics can all be added to the mold prior to the addition of plastic pellets. However, care must be taken to ensure that minimal shrinkage while cooling will not damage the part. This shrinking allows for mild undercuts and negates the need for ejection mechanisms (in most pieces).In some cases rotational molding can be used as a feasible alternative to blow molding, this is due to the similarity in product outputs, with products such as plastic bottles and cylindrical containers, this is only effective on a smaller scale as it much more costly to blow mold regarding a small output, and with fewer resulting products rotational molding is much cheaper, due to blow molding relying on economies of scale regarding efficiency.Another advantage lies in the molds themselves. Since they require less tooling, they can be manufactured and put into production much more quickly than other molding processes. This is especially true for complex parts, which may require large amounts of tooling for other molding processes. Rotational molding is also the desired process for short runs and rush deliveries. The molds can be swapped quickly or different colors can be used without purging the mold. With other processes, purging may be required to swap colors.Due to the uniform thicknesses achieved, large stretched sections are nonexistent, which makes large thin panels possible (although warping may occur). Also, there is little flow of plastic (stretching) but rather a placing of the material within the part. These thin walls also limit cost and production time.Another cost limiting factor is the amount of material wasted in production. There are no sprues or runners (as in injection molding), no off-cuts (thermoforming), or pinch off scrap (blow molding). What material is wasted, through scrap or failed part testing, can usually be recycled.

DisadvantagesRotationally molded parts have to follow some restrictions that are different from other plastic processes. As it is a low pressure process, sometimes designers face hard to reach areas in the mold. Good quality powder may help overcome some situations, but usually the designers have to keep in mind that it is not possible to make sharp threads that would be possible with injection molding. Some products based on polyethylene can be put in the mold before filling it with the main material. This can help to avoid holes that otherwise would appear in some areas. This could also be achieved using molds with movable sections.Another limitation lies in the molds themselves. Unlike other processes where only the product needs to be cooled before being removed, with rotational molding the entire mold must be cooled. While water cooling processes are possible, there is still a significant down time of the mold. Additionally, this increases both financial and environmental costs. Some plastics will degrade with the long heating cycles or in the process of turning them into a powder to be melted.The stages of heating and cooling involve transfer of heat first from the hot medium to the polymer material and next from it to the cooling environment. In both cases, the process of heat transfer occurs in an unsteady regime; therefore, its kinetics attracts the greatest interest in considering these steps. In the heating stage, the heat taken from the hot gas is absorbed both by the mold and the polymer material. The rig for rotational molding usually has a relatively small wall thickness and is manufactured from metals with a high thermal conductivity (aluminum, steel). As a rule, the mold transfers much more heat than plastic can absorb; therefore, the mold temperature must vary linearly. The rotational velocity in rotational molding is rather low (4 to 20 rpm). As a result, in the first stages of the heating cycle, the charged material remains as a powder layer at the bottom of the mold.

Human Scale analysis...

Anthropometry plays an important role in industrial design, clothing design, ergonomics and architecture where statistical data about the distribution of body dimensions in the population are used to optimize products. Changes in life styles, nutrition and ethnic composition of populations lead to changes in the distribution of body dimensions (e.g. the obesity epidemic), and require regular updating of anthropometric data collections.By Working with the 95th percentile male will allow me to create and develop my festival piece of furniture to be functional and easy to work within for the 95th percentile man.

So If its functional for the biggest and largest male it should the be then more than functional for the smallest percentile.

Maintenance...The vigorous maintenance will be needed to make the cow udder seats to look their best at all times. The priority of the design was to make the seat look attractive yet functional for the user and also for the Udder festival festival producing more light for the night time gigs making the surroundings safer and more enjoyable to be in. The maintenance team will have years of experience in testing and maintaining so that the seats will be safe for the users to sit on and also for the environment. Their knowledge was taken into account during the design and development stage.

Colour/Finish: Transparent Purple

IP Rating: IP68

Construction: Polycarbonate moulded housing with fully sealed base plate and waterproof switches

Battery: Li-polymer battery 3.7v 1750mAh

Charger: Charger supplied with 2-pin plug (requires UK shaver adapter or socket)

Lamp Type: 4 Tubular L.E.D bases with 25 white L.E.D’s and 35 colour L.E.D’s (240)

Duration: Low intensity: 20 hoursMedium intensity: 12 hoursHigh intensity: 8 hoursRecharge time: 6 hours

Remote control: White light and coloured light choice remotely selectable using optional remote control (For maintenance team to sync all the lighting effects)

Description...The Udder Belly Chair/Lamp has a robust exterior body with a rechargeable battery to power the light which can sit in a bottom base. Itll glow by the path or allow you to rest your feet and chill out in the designated beer garden. Itll give a choice of white light pushing through the purple transparent polycarbonate body it has one of three brightness settings, coloured light or a smooth colour-changing sequence for a soothing night-time lighting effect. The Udder Belly is controlled by waterproof push button which is the pink udder on the top of the seat/lamp. It's polycarbonate moulded case is completely waterproof and shock resistant to withstand a high amount of impact from users and changing weather conditions.

Simplicity...The Udder Belly seat/lamp is designed to be simple, durable and attractive. The seat/lamp will fit into the environment whether the seats are being used in Edinburgh, London & Southbank as the seat is using the corporate colours and features. This unique seat/lamp will add an attraction and make the festival feel more lively and artistic. The seats can be moved around the park to accommodate light at night making the environment safer and also allowing the public to rest there legs after walking around the festival. Once the festival is over the seats can be easily stored and picked up to move around. There is a cap that can be removed to release the sand used as a weight.

Carbon Footprint Analysis...

Material...Polycarbonate is sorted, shredded and washed before recycling. The Recycle Now website reveals that, in the recycling process, "plastic is either melted down directly and moulded into a new shape, or shredded into flakes then melted down before being processed into granulates." This material may have a high CO2 content to produce but most effective as it has a high sustainable factor due to the polycarbonate being durable so it wouldn’t need replaced for many years to come reducing landfill.

Transport...Because this festival is a seasonal festival in three different cities across the east coast of the U.K the most reasonable and cost effective way of transport would be by haulage. The most commonly container size is a 40ft so this would transport roughly 375 seat/lamps with a bit of extra room for the maintenance equipment.

Manufacturing...The main component is rotational moulded which may have high CO2 footprint it is a very sustainable product as it will have a high durability factor which will last for decades. Rotational moulding a product will make this product a whole lot light and more cost effective as you can use less material reducing the CO2 emissions but yet still create the same shape, form and scale. I have used the least amount of material in order to cut the CO2 but did not let it affect the quality.

After Life...The design of this seat/lamp is that all the components are interchangeable and replaceable so therefore after life use everything can be stripped down to each material component to make it easy to recycle but also reduce the amount of waste and CO2 emissions in landfill and the amount of energy needed too disassemble the Udder Belly seat/lamp.

Efficiency...The efficiency of the overall design to the manufacturing to transport has all be affected by the CO2 footprint to produce the most balanced product so its sustainable enough yet CO2 footprint friendly. that is the main key in design is to get the right balance and also good practice.

If we monitor carbon footprint we are able to determine where and when we can

make changes to improve...

Company policy...What is Ethics...Ethics is a (rational) study of moral dilemmas in (human) action. Morals are shortly defined as codes or guides of conduct (implicit or explicit) that are based on personal long-lasting beliefs and values or those of surrounding society. A personal act can be considered moral, immoral or amoral from the point of view of ethical studies:

What is the position of company’s ethics?Udder Belly merchandise believes that conducting business ethically and striving to do the right thing are vital to the success of the company.Business Ethics and Compliance is a programme that supports and helps protect our culture and our reputation by providing resources that help partners make ethical decisions at work.The programme develops and distributes awareness materials, facilitates legal compliance and ethics training; investigates sensitive issues such as potential conflicts of interest; and provides additional channels for partners to voice concerns.

Responsibility for Compliance with the Code of Conduct...All directors, officers and employees are responsible for abiding by this Code of Conduct. This includes responsibility for the failure to exercise proper supervision and the responsibility to report a violation by subordinates. Disciplinary action may, when appropriate, include dismissal.The standards set out in The Code of Conduct are necessarily general and do not address each and every situation that may confront employees throughout the world. Where appropriate, guidance should always be sought from management. In addition, the Company Secretary and Group Internal Audit are available on a confidential basis as independent sources of advice.

Health and Safety...We are all responsible for helping to maintain a safe and healthy working environment in line with local laws and regulations and in accordance with our internal standards.

Equal Opportunities...We recruit and promote individuals based solely on their suitability for the job without discriminating on the grounds of race, colour, ethnic or national origin, gender, sexual orientation, age, religion, marital status or disability unrelated to the role. In some countries these principles may be modified by national legal requirements on affirmative action.

Harassment...We will not tolerate harassment of any employee by any person, for any reason.The Environment

The Environment...We are committed to preserving and protecting the environment and to economic growth and prosperity. These goals are not only consistent but mutually reinforcing. Protecting the environment is an investment in all our futures. We are also committed to constructive participation with all stakeholders in the ongoing process of sustainable growth.

Concepts & Development...

Concept Development...

Design Control...

Design Control...

Decided to combine two ideas and create

and Light yet also a seat for the festival...

Branding?

Decided against this idea as more materials would be needed

and cost would be impacted. Yet I came up with another idea

for the branding which would reduce cost and material.

Concept Development...

Design Control...

Design Control...

Playing around and developing

construction methods, manufacturing

methods and the overall aesthetics and

how they are all going to affect each

other...

Concept Development...Design Control...

Design Control...

Looking at different aspects of

the product and linking the

components up and showing

how everything could work...

Concept Development...

By doing sketches in different angles and

profiles allows the designer to see and get

a better feel of the product. By doing

development helps the designer think

about function, users, cost, manufacturing

and aesthetics.

These sheets were scribbles to produce a

quick profile, scale and sizes of the overall

product..

Design Control...

Structural Analysis...When sitting on the seat there will be

a down force of pressure on the red

highlighted area. When the downwards

pressure is at it its maximum it will

push the bodies structure outwards.

This would happen if the wall of the

structure is to thin and if there was a

load that is to heavy for the structure.

When clipping the udder/button in its a

retro fitting part that is double insulated

so water doesn’t get into the electrics,

This part will put stress on the structure

as it will push the structure out its

moulded shape clip in and then return

back to its moulded shape so there is a

tight retro fitting part.

Assembly & Manufacturing...

The Udder Is the main feature and also incorporated into the name of the

festival so i thought it would be a good idea to keep it themed and

related. the part is injection moulded polycarbonate using using a pale pink

pigment to dye the component.

The body is about 60-70% transparent to

submit light through into the

environment. This being the main

structure and shell the components

produced by using rotational moulding.

This is a suitable process as it will leave a

hollow inside reducing weight and

allowing it to project the light coming

from the inside.

The lighting fixture is all enclosed in itself with the wiring

connecting all lights together in order for them to sync. The

lightings casing and 4 screws have been made in steel and

then galvanized, So if moisture was to be created within the

component wont rust and will be sustainably suited as the

component wont be needing replaced for a long time to

come.

The small black cylinder are on the left is the

cap that clips on to the base stop the sand

pouring out it, it has been injection moulded

with black pigment. Next the batteries case has

been rotational moulded around the battery to

insulate it from moisture. The bottom body

case as been rotational moulded in

polycarbonate same as the main structure to,

this will hollow the body out so you can pour

sand in to weigh the overall structure down to

adverse weather conditions. After each festival

the sand can be easily poured out so its easier

to be put back in storage.

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Dimensions...

3/4 Section view of final render to give

another feel for the product and to

get a clearer image of what goes on

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Presentation Board...

The Udder Belly chair will help lighten up the

the festival during the day and at night with the

fun exciting lighting feature that will sync all the

chairs in one area and put on a lighting display.

The Udder Belly seats are comfortable to sit

on while having a cheeky pint of beer in the

beer garden.

The Udder Belly chair complements the

surroundings by brining another feature to the

garden making the environment feel a whole lot

more enjoyable. The chair was developed from

the Udder Belly cow keeping the chair noticeable

and iconic, This is due to the classic vibrant

colours and by using the udder as a feature.

The Udder Belly Chair...

Udd

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Udder belly Festival Furniture

Materials and Structures 2 DES08118

Trimester 2 – 2013

Kenneth McLean

40056489