Unit 1

Making a difference

Warming-up & Listening& Speaking

Albert Einstein

Alfred North Whitehead

Marie Curie

Thomas Alva Edison

Galileo Galilei

☆Imagination is more important than knowledge.☆Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.

☆Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.

☆It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.☆You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him find it within himself.

Alfred North Whitehead (b.1861 - d.1947), British mathematician( 数学家 ), logician( 逻辑学家 ) and philosopher( 哲学家 ) best known for his work in mathematical logic( 数理逻辑 ) and the philosophy of science. He contributed significantly to twentieth-century logic and metaphysics( 宇宙哲学 ).

Alfred North Whitehead

If winter comes , can spring be far behind ?

Where there is a will , there is a way .

At twenty years of age , the will reigns; at thirty , the wit ; and at forty, he judgment .

Knowledge is power .

You have to believe in yourself . That's the secret of success .

Genius only means hardworking all one's life. Science requires the effort of a lifetime and even if you had two lives to give , it would still not be enough.

Thomas Edison , American inventor 

Charles Chaplin ,American actor 

Mendeleyer 

Russian Chemist( 俄国化学家 门捷列耶夫 ) 

  P. B. Shelley  British poet 

Francis Bacon British philosopher 

 Ivan Pavlov

Benjamin Franklin American president 

Listening P2

Great mind No 1:1. This great mind was on fire for ___________.2. The scientist’s name is similar to the English

word curious, meaning _______________________.

Great mind No 2:1. This great mind was on fire for ________.2. The scientist’s name is similar to the English

word for ______________.

Great mind No 3:1. This man is known for

_______________ ____________.

. 2. He wants to be called the ______.

Why?

radioactivity

being interested in something

gravity

something not old

looking for ways to grow more rice

farmer

This woman is one of the ________ ________ of all times. _____ her name tells you that she likes science. A good scientist should want to find out answers and ask many questions.___ _____ ____, they should be ______. This woman was _______ curious. Together with her husband, she try to learn the ______ of radioactivity. The couple were _______ the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903. Eight years later, she received the second Nobel Prize. This time for ________.

Madame Curie

greatest scientistsEev

n

In other wordscurious

certainly

secretawarde

d

Chemistry

___ ___ ____ that this English gentleman was sitting in this garden one day _____ suddenly he was hit by a falling apple. The story is _______ not true. But this man did _______ that he got one of his _________ ideas while watching apples fall from a tree. His name makes you think that he was not interested in old things. He discovered ___ ______ __ gravity, and he ____ ____ a system of how objects move. His law for ______ are still used in physics today, __ ____ in schools and universities.

It is said

when probabl

ymentionbest-

known

the force of

drewup

motion

at least

Sir Isaac Newton

Yuan Longping

Food is what ____ this great mind __ ____. Rice, ___ ___ _____. This great mind has spent most of his life looking for ways to help farmers grow more rice so that all of us will have enough food to eat. He is known as the father of modern rice, but because of his long ________ with all the farmers in China, he _____ ______ be known as “the farmer”.

sets

on fireto be exact

friendshipwould

rather

Listening P81

Part 1.1. A spider can make ________ that is much

________ than most man-made materials.2. A spider’s ________ doesn’t ________ easily.3. Best of all, the spider produces the

_________ without the use of ________ or ________

chemicals.4. If we could learn to use the technique, we

might be able to use the strong silk to make

things like ________ ________ and wires that hold up bridges.

silkstronger

silk break

silkdangerous poisonous

seat belts

Scientists often look at nature in order to find new ideas. In ancient times, Chinese scientists studied how spiders make silk. Modern scientists are interested in the spider, too. A spider can make silk that is much stronger than most man-made materials. A spider’s silk doesn’t break easily. Instead of breaking, it gets longer. Best of all the spider produces the silk without the use of dangerous or poisonous chemicals. If we could learn to use the technique, we might be able to use the strong silk to make things like seat belt and wires that hold up bridge. Part 1

Part 2.

Animal or plant What it can do How we could use it

Spider

White lotus

Butterfly

It can Make strong silk without using

dangerous or poisonous chemicals

Use it make better seat belts and stronger wires

to hold up bridges

It keeps its leaves clean using tiny hairs

and needles

Use the same technology to make paint the would stay clean

It uses it make better seat belts and

stronger wires to hold up bridges

Use the same method to keep computers cools

There are many other examples of how new technology has been developed by learning from nature. A group of German scientists wanted to find out why leaves and flowers are able to stay so clean. They decided to take a closer look at the white lotus, a flower that is known for its clean leaves. At first, the scientists believed that a very flat leave would be better at staying clean. However, when they looked closely at the white lotus, the scientists saw that the leaf was in fact covered with tiny hairs and needles. The needles and hairs collect the dust that falls on the leaf so that a raindrop can easily wash it off. The German scientists used this technique to design a new kind of paint. The new paint could keep houses looking clean for years.

white lotus

Scientist also believe that the butterfly could teach us a way to keep our computers cool. A computer must be kept cool to function well. The fans we use today are not always good enough. The butterfly is cold-blooded and must change its body temperature all the time. Scientists have found that there are small parts on its wings what the butterfly uses to change its temperature. If scientists can learn how this is done, it may be possible to use the same method to keep computers from becoming too hot.

Butterfly

Branches of

science

Biology

Mathematics Chemistry

Physics Computer science

Astronomy

Which branch of science is the most important and useful to society?

I think that _____ is the most important and useful science because ___________________.

Geography

Pre-reading & Reading & Post reading

★ How did Hawking face the situation

Discussion

True or false

1. Hawking can’t express himself in words without the help of a computer.

2. It is Hawking who discovered black holes on his own.

3. Hawking’s best-seller A Brief History of Time explains difficult theory in a simple way.

4. In scientific field, the best theory can’t turn out to be wrong.

5. In scientific research the observation is very important.

6. All the theories can be tested by experiments.

7. Sometimes it is not a piece of cake to understand Hawking’s lecture.

T

FT

F

T

F

T

Time Hawking’s events

In the early 1970s

1988

2002

became famous

Wrote a book-A Brief History of Time

visited China and gave lectures in Beijing and

Hangzhou

How?

How?

A Brief History of Time

A Brief History of Time

A B

rief History of

Tim

e

A B

rief History of

Tim

e

Best-seller

How

What Write about it in a simple way

Both what it means to be a scientist and how science works

※According to Hawking, how do people misunderstand science?People often think that science is about “true” facts or rules that never change.According to Hawking, science is always changing and many theories are eventually proven wrong.

No. Doing

First

Second

Third

Carefully observe what you are interested in

Build a theory about how things happen

Test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can

predict future events

Basic steps of the scientific method

Is it difficult for people to understand Hawking’s lectures? Why?

What is it that Hawking does not like about his speech computer?

Sometimes. Because his thoughts and ideas often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe.

The speech computer gives him an American accent.

Discussion

★What does the title mean?

No Boundaries

There is no limitation of learning and determination.Where there is a will, there is a way.The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to achieve it.（人生之要事在于确立伟大的目标与实现这目标的决心。）

壮心无崖

Making a difference

Francis Bacon Knowledge is power .

Integrating skills

Scientists Profession Be famous for

Italy astronomer

New discoveries about the Big

Bang and black hole

He showed us that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way

around

British theoretical physicist and Methematician

Chinese astronomer

and geographer

He made maps of the stars and showed how the

position of stars changes from season to season.

Characteristics

Hints ( 提示 , 线索 )

curiouswant to know morenever satisfied with a simple answeralways look for new questionsAsk why, how, and what if

Creative& imaginative

Must be creative and use their imagination all the time

Confident& persistent

Must believe in what we do, even others do not

They overcame the difficulties.

What are the characteristics of great scientists?

What does the title mean?

How can you make a difference?

Find something that we like to do and that we are good at—discover what we do best

Making a difference

与众不同 / 有所作为