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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
(A) What is manufacturing industry ?
Manufacturing industry
Is the industry that changes raw materials into useful products which can be sold at a higher price.
• Needs inputs, like machines, land, capital, raw materials and labour.
• Products are its outputs.
For examples: Steel industry
– Iron ore is the raw material, steel is the product Garment making
– Cloth is the raw material, clothes is the productNext
Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
(B) How are manufacturing industries classified ?
Manufacturing industries can be classified into :
˙ and
˙ and
Light industry Heavy industry
Labour-intensive industry
Capital-intensive industry
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Light industry
Raw material,power and
capital
Small amount
Products Small and light
Sites offactories
Small; hence, lessland is needed
Examples Clothing,electronics,textiles, watchesand clocks,chemicals andjewellery
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Light industry Heavy industry
Raw material,power and
capital
Small amount Large amount
Products Small and light Bulky and heavy
Sites offactories
Small; hence, lessland is needed
Large; hence,more land isneeded
Examples Clothing,electronics,textiles, watchesand clocks,chemicals andjewellery
Shipbuilding, oilrefining, iron andsteel
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Labour-intensiveindustry
Labour A lot of workers
Capital Little capital isneeded though morewages are paid
Examples Electronics,clothing and textiles
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Labour-intensiveindustry
Capital-intensiveindustry
Labour A lot of workers Not so many workers
Capital Light capital isneeded though morewages are paid
A lot of capital isneeded for purchasingfactories andmachines
Examples Electronics,clothing and textiles
Shipbuilding,aeroplanemaintenance, iron andsteel
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
(C) What do our manufacturing industries need ?
Things needed in manufacturing:
Physical Inputs
Human inputs
LandRaw materialsPower, such as electricityWater
LabourTransportCapitalGovernment assistance
Physical inputs depend on the natural environment; whereas human inputs depend on human factors.
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Terms to learn: Raw material - material used for the making of goods Product - the good made from raw materials Capital - money needed to start an industry Light Industry - industry that needs a small amount of ca
pital, raw materials, machinery, power and land but a great number of workers
Heavy Industry - industry that needs a lot of capital, raw materials, machinery, power and land but a small number of workers
Labour-intensive industry - an industry that needs a lot of workers
Capital-intensive industry - an industry that needs a lot of money for its factory and machines End
Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Watches and clocks industry
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Shipbuilding industry
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Electronics
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Unit 11: The manufacturing industry
Aeroplane maintenance
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