Unit 2: The Age of Exploration and the Atlantic World (1400 – 1800)

European Nations Settle North America

New France

• 1524 – Giovanni da Verrazzano (Italian for France) – NY Harbor

• 1534 – Jacques Cartier – St. Lawrence River for France (Canada’s east coast) Later he founded Mt. Royal (Montreal)

• 1608 – Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec which became the base for France’s empire in N. Am. known as New France.

New France

New France Expands Southward

• 1673 – Jesuit Priest Jacques Marquette and Trader Louis Joliet – Explored Great Lakes and upper Mississippi R.

• 1682 – Sieur de La Salle – lower Miss. R. and claimed entire valley (Louisiana) for King Louis XIV.

Why Did the French Come?

• 1760 – Small population of colonists in spite of size of empire.

• No desire to live here permanently.

• French priests came to convert Indians to Christians.

• Fur Trade with Indians was main activity!

The English Arrive in North America

• 1607 – Jamestown, Va• 7/10 died of hunger,

disease, or by Indians in early years.

• Tobacco saved colony!• 1620 – Pilgrims settled at

Plymouth, MA – 2nd colony – came for religious freedom. Puritans came 10 yrs later to Massachusetts Bay.

The Dutch Found New Netherland

• 1609 – Henry Hudson (Eng.) sailed for Holland looking for a N.W. Passage to India.

• Hudson River, Bay, & Strait named for him.

• Present-day NY state & NYC – Dutch West India Co. profited from fur trade with Iroquois Indians.

Colonizing the Caribbean• 1600’s – France

claimed Haiti, Guadeloupe, & Martinique

• England – Barbados & Jamaica

• Holland – Netherlands Antilles & Aruba

• Cotton & Sugar produced with African slave labor

Who Will be Supreme in North America? France, England, or Holland?

• 1664 – King Charles II (England) gave his brother, The Duke of York, the go ahead to drive out the Dutch.

• Dutch surrendered without firing a shot and it was renamed New York.

• 1750 – 1.2 million English lived along Atlantic Coast from Maine to Georgia.

Yikes! Pirates!• Privateers – privately

owned ships attacked merchant ships of enemy nations & robbed and/ or sank them.

• Pirates – Did not discriminate!

• Edward B. Teach – one of best known pirates (England) – finally captured in 1718 off N.C. coast.

England Defeats France

• 1754 – Eng. & Fr. Dispute land in Ohio Valley.

• 1754-1763 – French-Indian War (7 Years War in Europe) fought on 3 continents.

• American colonists and Br. Defeated Fr. & Indians

• American Revolution (1775 – 83) would occur in part the result of this war.

Exit Slip – Colonial Claims in North America1. This nation’s North American empire was based on the fur trade

with the Indians?a. Spain b. England c. France

2. This group founded the Plymouth colony in Massachusetts in 1620?a. Pilgrimsb. Puritans c. Dutch

3. While searching for a Northwest Passage to India, he claimed what is now New York for Holland?a. Jacques Cartier b. La Salle c. Henry Hudson

4. Who did the English colonists side with in the French-Indian War (1754-1763)?a. France b. Great Britain c. Native Americans