Name__________________________________________ Period________ Class ID#______

Unit V: classical GreeceThe earliest Greek civilizations thrived nearly 4,000 years ago. Greece is a much harder place to live than

along a river valley because the soil is not as good and there is not always enough water to grow plants for food. Instead they used the seas for much of their livelihood. Because of the mountainous terrain, ancient Greece was split into many different city-states, each one was ruled in its own way. Each state had its own laws, government and money but they shared the same language and religion.

In the classical period, the two most important city states were Athens and Sparta. In about 500 BC, the Athenians tried a new kind of government: the world's first democracy. The word 'democracy' means 'government by the people.’ By about 900 BC, Greek trade with Mesopotamia and Egypt led to cultural diffusion. From the Phoenicians, the Greeks learned the alphabet, to which they adapted and added vowels. The first two letters of the Greek alphabet, alpha and beta, give us the word 'alphabet'. The legacy of the classical Greeks (how ancient Greece influenced modern day culture) are in the arts (including beautiful marble sculptures), in philosophy (with the contributions of thinkers like Socrates and Plato), in science, in math, in literature (with mythology) and in politics (with different forms of government). The ideas of trial by jury, tragedy and comedy, theatre, the Olympic Games, the Marathon (when Pheidippides ran from Athens to Sparta to ask for help against the Persians just before the Battle of the Marathon in 490 BC), and architectural styles using columns all came from the Greeks.

In the Hellenistic period, Greece was much weaker, and by 336 BC Greece became part of Philip of Macedon's empire. Philip's son, Alexander, controlled Greece and then conquered the Persian Empire, Egypt and went as far as India before dying in 323 BC. These cultures blended together to form Hellenistic civilization. After Alexander's death, Greece became part of the Roman Empire. When the Roman Empire fell in 476 AD, Greece continued to be part of the Byzantine Empire, and then transitioned in 1453 AD into the Ottoman Empire (http://www.woodlands-

junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/Greece.html, http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/greeks/history/history.htm)

Classical Civilization Concepts- Interdependence, Conflict, Justice and Law, Golden Ages, Movement of People and Goods, Political Systems and Citizenship, Science and Technology

By the end of the unit, you will be able to answer the following: 1. How were the Greeks on the forefront of thinking and technology?2. How did Greek ideas about government influence later societies?3. How did geography affect trade and travel for various societies?

HomeworkHW1- Due Tuesday, December 7: Greece Map AND Chapter 5 Questions Section 1-3HW2- Due Tuesday, December 14: Chapter 5 Questions Sections 4-5 AND Greece Vocab

Name: ___________________________ Homework 1, Part 1

Name: ___________________________ Homework 1: Chapter 5 questions

KeyLandWater

Using textbook pages 108 and 113 label all of the following:Mediterranean Sea Sparta Olympia

Aegean Sea Athens MacedoniaMount Olympus Thermopylae PeloponnesusTroy Delphi Asia MinorKnossos Marathon IoniaThebes Mycenae CreteIonian Sea Rhodes Sardis

Then color your map and label the key

Answer the following questions in complete sentences based on the information from the reading.

Section 1-Cultures of the Mountains and the Sea1. According to the key idea, what caused Greek peoples to develop in isolation from

each other?

2. Why were Greeks living in different areas not united?

3. List two ways the geography of Greece affected how Greeks lived.

4. What was the first culture in Greece? In what year did they invade Greece?

5. How did the Mycenaeans become interested in trade?

6. How were stories preserved during the time of decline of the Mycenaeans?

7. Describe The Iliad and The Odyssey.

Sections 2- Warring City-States8. What is the polis? (Make sure you provide a complete description!)

9. List who ruled the different kinds of governments the city-states had.a.

b.

c.

d.

10. What did the Greeks begin to make weapons out of?

11. Describe the government of Sparta.

12. What charges did Solon make in Athens?

13. Who was excluded from (left out of) Athenian democracy?

14. What famous battle did the Greeks fight against Persia in 490 BC?

Section 3- Democracy and Greece’s Golden Age15. Who did Athens elect to be their leader?

16. How did Pericles make Athens more democratic?

17. How did Pericles make Athens stronger?

18. How did Pericles make Athens more beautiful?

19. What kinds of plays did playwrights in Athens write?

20. What happened in 431 BC?

21. List three philosophers who lived in Athens.

Name: ___________________________ Homework 2: Chapter 5 questionsAnswer the following questions in complete sentences based on the information from the

reading.

Section 4- Alexander-Empire Builder1. Where was Macedonia located?

2. Who was the king of Macedonia and what did he do to Greece?

3. At what age did Alexander ascend (inherit/come up) to the throne after his father’s death?

4. Describe Alexander.

5. Where did Alexander invade in 334 BC?

6. What happened to Alexander when he conquered Egypt and what did he found?

7. What happened when Alexander got to India? (Why did he turn back?)

8. How old was Alexander when he died?

9. Even though Alexander’s empire was divided after his death, what important effect did the empire have?

Section 5- The Spread of Hellenistic Culture10. What cultures blended together to make Hellenistic culture? (List all of them!)

11. Name and describe the center of Hellenism. Include the many things they had in the city.

12. List the ideas of astronomers and scientists mentioned.

13. List and describe two things Archimedes invented.

14. Describe the two new schools of philosophy that arose/ a.

b.

15. How did the Hellenistic Age change sculpture?

Homework 2: Greece Vocab Using your notes, book and reading from this homework packet, define, describe and explain the significance of the terms as they relate to Greece (include examples if you

can).

1. Polis (define and give examples)

2. Acropolis

3. archipelago

4. peninsula

5. direct democracy

6. legislature

7. Trojan War

8. Delian league

9. Peloponnesian League

10. rhetoric

11. Parthenon

12. tragedy

13. comedy