World Meteorological OrganizationWorking together in weather, climate and water

WMO OMM

WMO www.wmo.int

Update on the WMO Space Programme

NAEDEX-22, ECMWF, Reading, 9-11 December 2009

Jérôme LafeuilleWMO Space Programme

WMO OMM

Outline

• WMO Space Programme context and

organization

• Enhancing space-based observation

• Expanding data access and use

• Challenges

WMO OMM

Secretariat StructureExecutive Office

SG – DSG – ASGCER IOO

Weather &Disaster-Risk-Red.Service Delivery

Meteorological Applications - Aeronautical

Disaster R.R. and Service Delivery

Climate and Water

Climate Prediction

and Adaptation

Hydrology and Water

Observation and Information Services

Integrated Observation

Systems-Space Prog

Integrated Information

Systems

ResearchDepartment

World Climate Research

Programme

Atmospheric Research & Environment

IPCC

Resource Management

Development & Regional Activ.

RegionalTrainingMobilizationLDC

Programme Support Services

WMO OMM

Governance structure (extract)

Expert Teams and related groupsCommission for Basic Systems

CAS

WMO Space Programme WMO Space Programme

Main componentsMain components

Expanding access tosatellite data & products

Developing Members’ capability to

use and benefit from satellites

Satellite operatorsCGMS & CEOS

Users: all WMO

& co-sponsored programmes

Enhancing the space-based GOS

50 years of cooperation in satellite meteorology

• 1959: Explorer VII flies with Flat Plate Radiometer

• 1961: Launch of Tiros-2 with FPR UN Resol.1721 on cooperation in satellite meteorology

• 1963: WMO establishes World Weather Watch and the GOS Launch of Tiros-8 equipped with APT

• 66-73: Launch of scanning camera aboard geostationary ATS-1

Global Atmospheric Research programme (GARP)Coordination of Geostationary satellites: CGMS

• 1978: First Global GARP Experiment (FGGE) involves 5 GEOFirst contingency relocation of a satellite (Indian ocean)

• 79-09: India (79), China (89), Korea (05) joined CGMSSatellite back-up operations in 84, 91, 92, 98, 03

• 1998: USA & Europe sign Initial Joint Polar System agreement

• 2006: Response to GCOS by CGMS & CEOS (virtual constellations)

First APT reception from Tiros-8 in Lannion, France, 24 Dec 63

Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS)

• 37 years• 12 satellite operators• Geostationary constellation

of 10-15 satellites• 3 polar-orbiting constellations

of 2-3 satellites• Other missions (altimetry, GPS RO)

in transition from R&D to operations

• Contingency plan

• Technical standards

• Intercalibration

• Products

• Training• Science groups:

ITWG,IWWG,IPWG,IROWG

WMO OMM

Outline

• WMO Space Programme context and

organization

• Enhancing space-based observation

• Expanding data access and use

• Challenges

The space-based Global Observing SystemVision for 2025

WMO OMM

Satellite missions in the Vision for the GOS in 2025

Transition from R&D to operational status

New missionsfor WMO

GEO: imager, HS IR sounder, lightning Sun-synchronous: imager, IR/MW sounders

Ocean surface topography constellation Radio-Occultation Sounding constellation Ocean Surface Wind constellation Global Precipitation constellation Earth Radiation Budget (incl. GEO) Atmospheric Composition (incl. GEO) Ocean colour and vegetation imaging Dual-angle view IR imagery

Land Surface Imaging Synthetic Aperture Radar Space Weather instruments

VIS/IR imagers in HEO Doppler wind lidar, Low-frequency MW GEO MW GEO High-resolution narrow-band imagers Gravimetric sensors

Heritage operational missions

Operational pathfinders and demonstrators

WMO OMM

Studying Earth as a Complex System

CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionSurface Temperature

EvaporationCurrents

Upwelling

CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionSurface Temperature

EvaporationCurrents

Upwelling

InfiltrationRunoff

Nutrient LoadingSurface Temperature

Currents

InfiltrationRunoff

Nutrient LoadingSurface Temperature

Currents

Surface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionEvaporation

TranspirationSurface Temperature

Surface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionEvaporation

TranspirationSurface Temperature

Land

Ocean

Atmosphere

WMO OMM

WIGOS: Key areas of standardization

WMO OMM

POLAR- POLAR intercalibration

• Images: courtesy of Mitch Goldberg, NOAA/NESDIS

•To ensure consistency of datasets from different missions and operators

• 8 Organizations currently contributing (+WMO)

GEO versus Polar-orbiting

Simultaneous Nadir Overpass (SNO) inter-calibration method

Global Space-based Inter-calibration System (GSICS) CMA, CNES, EUMETSAT, JMA, KMA, NASA, NOAA, NIST

WMO OMM

Outline

• WMO Space Programme context and

organization

• Enhancing space-based observation

• Expanding data access and use

• Challenges

WMO OMMInformation management – Information exchange –

5 GAW World Data Centres

GCOS Data Centres

Global Run-off Data Centre

IRI and other climate research institutes

Universities

Regional Climate Centres

International Organizations (IAEA, CTBTO, UNEP, FAO.. )

Commercial Service

Providers

World Radiation Centre

Regional Instrument Centres

WMO World Data Centres

common procedures; real-time and non-real timea few standard data formats; coordinated metadata and catalogues

Real-time “push”

On-demand “pull”

internet

DCPC

NMC/DCPC

NMCNMC

NMC/DPCP

NMC

NMC

NMC

NMC

NMC

NMC

GISC

GISCGISC

SatelliteTwo-Way System

Satellite Dissemination

NMC

NMC

DCPC

GISC GISC

DCPC

WISWIS

Integrated Global Data Dissemination Strategy

Identify data requirements Regional approach (South America, Africa, Asia Pacific,..)

Thematic approach (NWP: NAEDEX, ASPDEU)

User/provider dialogue

Encourage DVB-S dissemination (EUMETCast, FYCast, Geonetcast)

Integrating multiple data sources on one media

Cost-efficient for time-critical high data volume, many users

Complemented by Direct Broadcast, GTS, Internet

Satellite data providers to become DCPC, GISC in the WIS Implement WIS metadata standards and filename convention

Interoperability (catalogue search standards)

User information (web), training, Challenges : prepare for data explosion with new missions (GOES-R,

MTG, NPOESS..)

Slide: 17

Reception of Data from Polar Orbiting Satellites

Global CoverageOn-Board Data Storage up to

102 / 204 minutes

Global Data Dump HRPT (Direct Read-Out)

Regional CoverageImmediate Access

Courtesy of

Improving timeliness of polar-orbit satellite soundings : RARS concept(Regional ATOVS Retransmission Service)

Darwin/Tokyo

Evolution of the RARS coverage(% of the globe’s surface)

Network September 2009

PlannedEnd of 2009

PlannedEnd of 2010

Potential

EARS 12 stations30%

14 stations35%

17 stations41% 46%

Asia-Pacific 15 stations28%

15 stations28%

18 stations31%

36%

South-America 5 stations10%

8 stations13%

13 stations16 %

16%

Overall network 32 stations68%

37 stations74%

48 stations78%

91%

RARS Implementation status

• All data on the GTS

• Harmonized implementation of the WMO BUFR code, GTS headings and filename convention

• Global monitoring by NWP SAF (UK Met Office) and regional monitoring by operators

• Websites implemented, being improved

• 2010 Map

New phase of the RARS project

• CrIS, ATMS data from NPP and NPOESS-C1

• Bridging the gap until SafetyNet implemented and guaranteed timeliness of data acquisition and worldwide distribution

• New aspects– X-Band stations – Channel selection/compression/ data sampling – Telecom bandwidth– Need to optimize network

Requirements for X-RARS

• From NPP commissioning onwards (End 2011 ?)• Timeliness: 30 min• Required products (still TBC)

– Similar to global products– ATMS: all 24 channels, Temperature Data Records (L1c)– CrIS: channel selection and/or PCs, full res or sub-sampling

• Format: BUFR (TBC)• Distribution: TBD (GTS, FTP, Eumetcast)

User Information

• http://www.wmo.int => Topics: Satellites => Programmes: SAT

http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/sat

• cgms.wmo.int => Latest satellite status with links to data access information

• gsics.wmo.int

• Dossier on the space-based GOS: ftp://ftp.wmo.int/Documents/PublicWeb/sat/DossierGOS

Introduction

Vol. I Satellite programmes description

Vol. II Earth observation satellites and their instruments

Vol. III Gap analysis in the space-based component of GOS

Vol. IV Estimated performance of products from typical satellite instruments

Vol. V Compliance analysis of potential product performances with user requirements

THE SPACE-BASED GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM IN 2009 (The GOS-2009 “Dossier”)

ftp://ftp.wmo.int/Documents/PublicWeb/sat/DossierGOS

WMO OMM

Outline

• WMO Space Programme context and

organization

• Enhancing space-based observation

• Expanding data access and use

• Challenges

• Continuity and improvement of operational constellations

• Sustained observation of ALL Essential Climate Variables observable from space

• Transition Research to Operationsfor priority, mature observations

• Coordinated generation of Quality Controlled products

• Integration : - network optimization, - system interoperability,- composite products

• Data distribution/access

• User information, capacity.

Challenges

WMO OMM

WMO OMM

Back-up slides

WMO OMM

The WMO Space Programme Office

Wenjian ZHANGDirector Observing & Information Systems

Mrs Barbara RYANDirector, Space Programme

Jerome LAFEUILLEChief, Space-based Observing Systems

Seconded officer

Brian O DonnellContract, support on GEO

Alice BluntAdministrative Assistant

WMO OMM

WMO Global Observing Systemsserving many (if not all) GEO SBAs

Weather

Climate

Water

Disasters

Agriculture

Health

Energy

Biodiversity

Ecosystems

WMO: Weather-Water-Climateand applications 9 SBAs

Other observing and

information systems

WMO OMM

WMO Integrated Global Observing Systems (WIGOS)

Top level goal:

• A comprehensive observing system satisfying the evolving observing requirements of WMO Membersin a cost-effective and sustained manner

• Objective : Enhanced integration of WMO observing systems and Enhanced coordination with partner observing systems

Key requirements Interoperability through data sharing and standardizationQuality management (Traceability, quality assurance, user focus,

documentation, capacity building, monitoring/improvement…) Optimization (Coordinated planning, platform opportunities, innovation..)