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HSE - Use of Harness
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5/18/2018 Use of Harness
1/23
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
WELCOMEWELCOME
Per Frederiksen
Towmaster
Instructor, Maersk Training Centre Captain, Maersk Supply
USE OF FALL PROTECTIONUSE OF FALL PROTECTION
5/18/2018 Use of Harness
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
USE OF FALL PROTECTIONUSE OF FALL PROTECTION
OBJECTIVE! Time out for safety
Corret use Better "o#$e%&e
Better u"%ersta"%i"& 'et ri% of (a% ) u"safe *a(its
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
RESTRAINT GUIDANCE
What is restraint? Working in restraint allows an operative the access and
mobility required to reach the leading edge (potentialfall hazard) and carry out their tasks whilst preventingthem from potentially falling.
Restraint vs. Fall Arrest The most fundamental difference between the two
methods of work is the fall potential. estraint! when used correctly! prevents the fall
occurring. "all arrest allows the operative to fall and then #arrests#this fall.
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
5/18/2018 Use of Harness
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RESTRAINT LIFELINE GUIDANCE
Restraint vs. Fall Arrest
Worin! in restraintsignificantly reduces the risk offalling and therefore all the issues related to fall hazards$
"ei!ht #learan#e an$ %ro$t i'%li#ations (withrestraint! height clearance is not an issue as there is no fall
to deal with. The problem with using fall arrest equipmentis the clear height required to operate.
A fall arrest lanyard clipped at foot level requires up to6.75m to operate safely.
Sho# a)sor)in! lan*ar$srequiring their ultimate length
to operate. %f a fall is interrupted by hitting the lowersurface during the shock absorbing process! the force stillleft in the system! between &' and k*! is directedstraight in to the spine with potentially fatal effects.
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
5/18/2018 Use of Harness
5/23MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
RESTRAINT LIFELINE GUIDANCE
Restraint vs. Fall Arrest
S%e#ial #onsi$erationshould also be givenwhere a lanyard is to be used in a situationwhere it could pass over an edge during a fall!
There are no legal requirements for lanyards tobe tested passing over an edge+ they aredesigned to fall into free space.,s a result! thema-ority of lanyards! particularly flat webbing!are not capable of withstanding the increasedforces created by the acute angle as thelanyard passes over the edge.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
RESTRAINT LIFELINE GUIDANCE
S&s%ension Tra&'a
S&s%ension tra&'a ( This is the resulting medical conditionfollowing harness suspension. uring suspension blood cannotbe effectively pumped from the legs! resulting in pooling,whichreduces the amount of blood in circulation. The brain detectslower o/ygen levels and increases the heart and breathing rate!pumping more blood into the legs. 0/ygen levels reduce further
and so the brain causes the body to faint e/pecting it to fall over!hence restoring the blood supply to the brain. Pro)le' (the body is suspended in a harness. ,s a result the
brain has no further supply of o/ygen and this person is at risk ofimminent death. This can occur within &' minutes of a fall andbears no relation to a persons level of fitness.
TIP (1y encouraging a person to move their legs duringsuspension! circulation is maintained and risk of suspensiontrauma is dramatically reduced.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
RESTRAINT LIFELINE GUIDANCE
E++e#tive Res#&e , First Ai$
Res#&e %rovision an$ 'etho$ state'ents (Whenusing fall arrest equipment on site! the contractor hasto provide a suitable method statement detailingrescue provision.
-&i# e++e#tive res#&eis essential to reduce theeffects of suspension trauma. 2ven if the victimsurvives suspension! the build up of to/ins in the bloodcan cause instant heart failure on release or kidneyfailure a few days later.
TIP (By sitting a person upright for at least 3 minutesduring rescue allows the to/ic blood to slowly release.3aying them down for as little as ' seconds can killthem.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
RESTRAINT GUIDANCE
T*%es o+ Restraint
/ 'ain t*%esof horizontal restraint sites$
Fi0e$ len!th restraint (, lanyard of a specific length
preventing access beyond the fall hazard.
R&nnin! line restraint (, horizontal lifeline used with
personal ad-ustable restraint 4 ensuring the anchorageremains directly behind the operative preventing
pendulum.
A$1&sta)le restraint (, line with mechanical ad-ustment
allowing the operative to personally ad-ust theirequipment 4 for packages where edge e/posure is not a
constant distance from the anchorage.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
"ARNESS
Corre#t a$1&st'ent (a loosely worn harness offers noprotection. ,ll harnesses are designed to dissipate fall arrestforces into the largest muscle group! the thigh muscles. %f wornloosely! the harness straps will ride up and transfer this harmfulforce into the base of the spine causing rectal bleeding andspinal damage. 2qually! there is a very high possibility that theoperative will fall out of the side of a loose harness during a fall.The ideal tension in a harness is 5! finger tight.i.e. when youcan get fingers between their body and the harness straps.
Le! Stra% Sli$ers (always ensure that at least one of theplastic sliders on the leg straps is slid up to the leg buckle. This
prevents the leg strap slipping through the buckle during a fall.Without it the operative can either fall out of the harness or!given enough free fall! incur spinal damage.
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
5/18/2018 Use of Harness
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
LAN3ARDS
Restraint Lan*ar$s (the lanyard must be correctly ad-usted or ofthe correct length to ensure the operative cannot reach the fallhazard.
Fall Arrest Lan*ar$s4 An#hora!e (capable of holding min. & ton. "all arrest lanyards
should ideally be anchored above the operatives head. They are
designed to fall into free space and should not pass over an edge. "ei!ht #learan#e (there must be sufficient height to allow the fall
arrest equipment to operate. , shock absorbing lanyard willprovide no protection if this height clearance is not available."#anyard length$%eight clearance from anchorage level&
"A'ove head( !$5 m. )houlder( !$5.75 m. *oot( !$6.75 m.&
We))in! Da'a!e ( any minor cuts or abrasion to the selvedgeknitted edge could result in failure of the webbing during a fall. %fwelding or grinding! the operative must use a steel lanyard. Theyare not sub-ect to 67 degradation or surface burns.
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
5/18/2018 Use of Harness
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
When &sin! inertia reels the t5o 'ost#o''on areas o+ 'is&se are4
Ina%%ro%riate An#hora!e (Where the userhas incorrectly anchored the inertia reel as
shown at the following pictures. In#orre#t Metho$olo!* ( When operatives are
unaware how to use the equipment correctlythrough lack of training. The equipment is
positioned in such a way that it is providing *0protection.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
An#hora!e (capable of holding minimum & ton.%nertia reels should be anchored above the operativeshead or directly behind the operative. ,lways useproprietary slingsto connect to the structurepreventing! karabiner -ump! lock and roll out.
Metho$olo!* (if used at foot level! appropriaterigging and methodology is crucial to eliminate theeffects of pendulum. 6sing & inertia reel provides safeaccess directly in front of the anchorage! workingdiagonally from the anchorage allows the operative to
pendulum and hit the lower floor. %nertia reels willprovide protection on up to leading edges whenappropriately rigged.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
E0a'%les o+ )a$ %ra#ti#e &sin! inertia reels
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
E0a'%le o+ )a$ %ra#ti#e &sin! inertia reels
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
Goo$ %ra#ti#e &sin! 6 inertia reels7
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
Goo$ %ra#ti#e &sin! 6 inertia reels7
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
Goo$ %ra#ti#e &sin! 8 inertia reel7
MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
5/18/2018 Use of Harness
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
INERTIA REELS GUIDANCE
Resonan#e 9 Rat#hetin! +-use an inertia reelon a life line or attached to a harness via a shockabsorbing lanyard. uring a fall! vibration caused bythe shock absorber tearing open will travel through thesystem and into the pawl springs. When this vibrationreaches the resonant frequency of the springs it couldcause the braking mechanism to fail! resulting in theuser hitting the lower floor. /onnecting to a hori0ontallifeline 1ill have the same affect.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
ANC"2RAGE GUIDANCE
An#hora!e (0ne of the biggest problems in providing
fall protection is the provision of suitable! adequate
anchorage. "all arrest equipment requires a temporary
anchorage rated to & ton whilst the anchorage for
restraint equipment can be as little as the weight of theuser! typically &''kg. 2f there is a 4 chance of a fall,
then a fall arrest anchorage must 'e provided.
User #o'+ort (estraint greatly reduces the load
(pull) applied to the operatives body compared tousing an inertia reel (block).
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
ANC"2RAGE GUIDANCE
Kara)iners4 ensure that karabiners arescrewed up and never attach them directly toreinforcement or structural steel. ,lways use
proprietary slingsto connect to the structurepreventing! karabiner -ump! lock and roll out.
Slin!s4 slings must be proprietary! dynamicslings to 2*89:b and rated to a minimum of
tons allowing for the reduction in strength dueto choking etc.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
ANC"2RAGE GUIDANCE
The *o.& mistake is ;0**2;T0 0?%*@ the connector.
This generally involves putting the connector in
bending across its minor a/is or gate. ,ll connectorsare designed and tested to be loaded in tension + on astraight pull $ load .
, typical ara)inerwill take :k* in tension but onlyk* in bending across the gate. 0n average! Ak* will
be generated through the karabiner in a fall.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
ANC"2RAGE GUIDANCE
E0a'%les o+ )a$ #onne#tor 'is&se , $&rin! a +all:B the lanyard tightens
around the anchorage!
and puts the connector in
bending across its gate.
This will cause directionalload failure.
B the scaffold hook will be
loaded across its gatecausing directional load
failure.
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MAERSK INSPIRERMAERSK INSPIRER
S&%ervisors Site 2)servation G&i$an#e
ANC"2RAGE GUIDANCE
IMP2RTANT4 3ifting slings are not designed or
tested to be used as fall arrest slings. , lifting
sling is designed and tested for a static load. The
law is very clear! ,33 fall arrest slings must be
tested to 2*89:b. (