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Page 1: Video Watching What is global warming? Global Warming
Page 2: Video Watching What is global warming? Global Warming

Video Watching

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What is global warming?

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Global Warming

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Global warming is defined as the warming of the earth by greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere naturally or by mankind.

全球变暖指的是在一段时间中,地球大气和海洋温度上升的现象,主要是指人为因素造成的温度上升。主要原因很可能是由于温室气体排放过多。

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How Global Warming Works ?

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

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Burning of Fossil Fuels

Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oil

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water pollution

air pollution

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greenhouse

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What is the greenhouse made

and used for?

A greenhouse is made of glass

and is used for growing plants,

especially during cold weather.

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The sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield.

This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up.

Example of the Greenhouse Effect

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What’s the difference between “global warming” and

“climate change”?

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DifferenceGLOBAL WARMING

is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that

refers to long-term changes in climate, including average temperature and precipitation.

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What are the effects of global warming?

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Effects of Global WarmingIncreased

Temperature

Habitat Damage and

Species Affected

Changes in Water Supply

Rising Sea Level

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What’s the proof that global warming is taking place?

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Portage Glacier

1914 2004

• Alaska

Photos: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch – WorldViewOfGlobalWarming.org

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Colorado River• Arizona

June 2002 Dec 2003

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How is global warming measured?

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Ice Core DataIce Core Data

COCO22 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica

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CO2 Atmospheric Measurements

CO2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii

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Global Warming:Global Warming:

Shifting GearsShifting Gears

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2007

Goal: Reductions in CO2 Per Year

Bill

ion

s o

f M

etri

c T

on

s C

arb

on

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2007Reductions

in CO2

Per Year

Gig

ato

n C

arb

on

Produce electricity efficientlyUse electricity efficientlyVehicle efficiencySolar and Wind PowerBiofuelsCarbon capture and storage

Bill

ion

s o

f M

etri

c T

on

s C

arb

on

Our Goal

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What’s being done now to reduce our emissions?

Solar Power Wind Power Fuel-Efficiency

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What can you do to help What can you do to help solve the problem?solve the problem?

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Simple Things To Do

Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it.

Take shorter showers. Heating water

uses energy.

Keep rooms cool by closing the

blinds, shades, or curtains.

Turn off the lights when you leave a room.

Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

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Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs

IncandescentCompact

Fluorescent

500 lbs. of coal

What’s the difference?

•1,430 lbs. CO2 pollution avoided

•$30 saved

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Simple Things To Do

Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning

up the air conditioning. Or use a fan.

Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat.

Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your kitchen and furnace clean.

Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car.

Plant a tree Recycle

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New words:1.environmental (adj.) 环境的 environment (n.) 环境 environmental protection 环境保护

2.issue (n.) 问题,争议;发行,(书刊的)期、号 eg: There was no issue at all between us . 我们之间毫无争议。 avoid the issue 回避问题; The latest issue 最新期号 take issue with sb (about/on/ over sth) 向某人提出异议或与某人争论 issue sth [orders/ instructions ] ( to sb) 公布、发布、颁布 [ 命令 ]

3.define (v.) 解释,给…下定义 ; 使清楚 eg: Please listen while I define your duties. 请听我详细说明你的职责。 definition (n.) 定义; definite (adj) 明确的, definitely (ad.) 明显地

4.emit 散发,发出 emission (n.) 发出,射出 emission centre 发射中心

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5.lightly (ad) 满不在乎地,轻微地eg ; The decision was not made lightly . light (adj) 少量的,轻的 ; make light of 轻视 ; as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛

6.valid (adj.) 确凿的,有效的 valid period 有效期限 validly (adv.) 正当地 validate (v.) 使生效 validation (n) 批

7.disprove (v.) 证明… . 不能成立 ;反驳 disproval (n) 反证more:dis-- Root 不,毁,离,取消,分开或表示加强意义 eg: disadvantage , dislike , dismiss , disbelieve

8.dramatically (ad) 显著地 drama (n.) 剧本 dramatic,dramatical (adj) 戏剧的 dramatics (n) 戏剧表演艺术 dramatic monologue 戏剧独白

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Phrases and Expressions:1.for or against 支持或反对Eg: Are you for or against the plan?

2.base…on/upon 以… . 为根据Eg: The scientist based their conclusions on facts.

3 .act as 担当,扮演 这个人在宾馆当经理。Eg: The man acts as a manager in the hotel. act on 对…有效 act for 代理 act out 将…付诸行动

4.attribute to 把…归因于;认为…属于 他把他的成功归因于艰苦努力。Eg : He attributed his success to hard work .

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Unit3 Reading Text A

environmental

issue

define

emit

atmosphere

exist

viewpoint

significant

lightly

skeptic

phenomenon

valid

data

disprove

climate

argument

analysis

dramatically

shield

trap

coastline

widespread

outbreak

alarm

polar

disappear

predict

misrepresent

occur

skew

New Words

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Phrases & Expressions

for or against

base ...on / upon

act as

in danger of

attribute to

Proper Names

carbon dioxide

ice cap

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Structure & Main Idea

Part : Para. 1~2Ⅰ Part Ⅱ: Para. 3~10

Main idea: Global warming has been the subject of a lot of debates.

Main idea: There are two different viewpoints about global warming.

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 1~2

Global Warming1. Since global warming appeared during the last decade as a

serious environmental issue, it has been the subject of a lot of debates. Global warming is defined as the warming of the earth by greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere naturally or by mankind. But there are many questions about global warming, from its causes to its full effects.

2. Many people even question whether or not global warming exists. And if global warming does exist, people question why it exists. But there is one fact that no one has questioned— the surface temperature of the earth has increased 0.45-0.6 degrees Celsius in the past century.

ChineseChinese

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 3~4

3. Is the increased temperature something we need to worry about? Well, there are two different viewpoints. The believers in global warming think that the increased temperature proves that global warming exits and that it’s a significant problem that should not be taken lightly.

4. Skeptics of global warming believe that the increased temperature is a natural phenomenon, and that if global

warming does exist, it’s not something to be worried about. What makes this debate so interesting is that there are valid scientific data to prove either side.

ChineseChinese

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Unit3 Reading Text AIntensive Reading: Para. 5~6

5. Global warming has been proven and disproven using computer climate models. Believers in global warming use them to show that in the next century there will be a significant rise in the earth’s temperature, and an increase in the height of sea levels. Global warming skeptics suggest that the models are not entirely based on fact, and that they can not be trusted.

6. There are many arguments for and against the existence of global warming. According to the believers in global warming, surface analysis has shown that the temperature of the earth has increased dramatically over the past century because of the emission of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, act as a shield and trap heat inside the atmosphere.

Chinese

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 7~87. The fear is that the earth’s temperature will continue to

increase. An increase in the planet’s temperature may eventually cause the ice caps to melt and the sea levels to rise. The world’s coastlines will be washed away. There will also be widespread outbreaks of disease for both humans and wildlife. The idea that serious disasters like these could happen from global warming is cause for alarm.

8. Skeptics of global warming believe that global warming is not an environmental problem. They think that the recent increase in the earth’s temperature is no cause for alarm. And they believe that earth’s coastlines and polar ice caps are not in danger of disappearing.

Chinese

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 9~109. Skeptics believe that the climate models used to prove global

warming and to predict its effects are misrepresented. They point out that according to the models, the last century should have been much worse than it actually was.

10.Temperature increases occurred before the widespread emission of carbon dioxide in the middle of the 20th century. Temperature increases are also attributed to the fact that most

of the observations are taken in cities or airports where temperatures may be skewed higher.

Chinese

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 1~2

全球变暖现象出现十年以来,作为一个严肃的环境问题,它已成为众多争论的主题。全球变暖是指由于自然或人为原因向大气排放温室气体而导致地球变暖。但是关于全球变暖,从原因到所有的结果,还存在许多疑问。 许多人甚至怀疑是否存在全球变暖。如果确实存在,人们会问全球为什么会变暖呢?但是有这样一个事实,没人怀疑过——在过去的这个世纪,地表温度已上升了 0.45— 0.6 摄氏度。

译 文译 文译 文译 文

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 3~4

气温的上升是我们需要担忧的事吗?这个存在两种截然不同的观点。相信全球变暖的人认为,气温的上升证明存在全球变暖,这是一个关系重大而且不可轻视的问题。 怀疑全球变暖的人认为,气温上升是一种自然现象,即使存在全球变暖,也没有什么可担心的。使这场争论变得有趣的是,双方都拥有确凿的科学数据来证明各自的观点。

译 文译 文译 文译 文

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Unit3 Reading Text AIntensive Reading: Para. 5~6

电脑气候模式被用来证明全球变暖存在还是不存在。相信者运用气候模式来证明未来一个世纪,地球的温度将会骤升,海平面的高度也会上升。怀疑者提出这种气候模式不完全以事实为基础,不能相信。 是否存在全球变暖,赞同和反对的争论很多。根据赞同者的观点,地表表面分析显示在过去的一个世纪,由于温室气体的排放,地球的温度升高很快。温室气体,如二氧化碳,起到保护作用,使热量保存于大气中。

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Unit3 Reading Text AIntensive Reading: Para. 7~8

他们担心地球的温度将会持续升高。地球温度的升高最终可能导致极地冰盖融化,海平面上升,世界海岸线也将随之消失,人和野生动物还会大面积爆发疾病。这种因全球变暖可能会引发像上述所列的严重灾难的观点引起了恐慌。 怀疑者认为,全球变暖不是一个环境问题。他们认为最近地球温度的升高不是造成恐慌的原因。并且还认为地球的海岸线和极地冰盖不会有消失的危险。

译 文译 文译 文译 文

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Intensive Reading: Para. 9~10

他们以为,用来证明全球变暖和预测其后果的气候模式给人们带来假象,并指出,根据气候模式推测,上个世纪的气候会比其实际状况糟糕得多。 在 20 世纪中期二氧化碳大量排放之前,温度就已升高。温度升高还归结于这样一个事实:大部分的观察都在城市或机场进行,而在这些地方所测的温度可能偏高。

译 文译 文译 文译 文

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Unit3 Reading Text A

issue n. 问题,争议;发行,(书刊的)期、号支付 份内的费用;维持偿付能力

e.g. -Parliament will debate the nationalization issue next week. 议会将在下周辩论国有化议题。

- There was no issue at all between us.

- He bought the latest issue of the magazine.

1 、我们之间毫无争议。

2 、他买了最近的一期杂志。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Global warming is defined as the warming of the earth by greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere naturally or by mankind.

译文:全球变暖是指由于自然或人为原因向大气排放温室气体而导致地球变暖。解释: emitted into the atmosphere naturally or by mankind是动词的过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰greenhouse gases, 可改写为一个定语从句,即 which/that are emitted into the ...

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Unit3 Reading Text A

define v. ……解释,给 下定义;使明确 , 使清楚

e.g. – Definitions should not be more difficult to understand than the words they define. 词语的定义不应比所解释

的 词语更难理解 .

- A dictionary defines words.

- Please listen while I define your duties.

1 、 词典解释词义。

2 、请听我详细说明你的职责。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

atmosphere n. 大气层,空气;气氛

e.g. –The plants drink in moisture from the atmosphere. 植物从大气中吸取水分。

- The room has a stuffy atmosphere.

- There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country quite different from that of a big city.

1 、 这个房间空气闷热。

2 、在乡间有一种和平宁静的气氛,与大城市的气 氛截然不同。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Many people even question whether or not global warming exists.

译文:许多人甚至怀疑是否存在全球变暖。解释:本句中 whether or not 引导宾语从句,作谓语动词 question 的宾语。e.g. I still don’t know whether or not he’s planning to come. 我还不知道他是否要来。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

exist v. 存在;生存

e.g. –The Roman Empire existed for several centuries. 罗马帝国存在了几百年。

- No such person exists.

- No one exists in a vacuum.

1 、这样的人是没有的。

2 、没有一个人是生活在真空中的。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

But there is one fact that no one has questioned— the surface temperature of the earth has increased 0.45 - 0.6 degrees Celsius in the past century.

译文:但是有这样一个事实,没人怀疑过——在过去的这个世纪,地表温度已上升了 0.45— 0.6 摄氏度。解释: that no one has questioned 是定语从句,修饰先行词 one fact, that 在从句中做 q u e s t i o n 的宾语,可省略。破折号之后的部分是同位语从句,进一步补充说明 fact 的具体内容。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

viewpoint n. ( =point of view ) 观点,看法;角度

e.g. –I look at this problem from a different viewpoint. 我从不同的观点来看这个问题。

- The young men easily offer a fresh viewpoint.

- From viewpoint of a child, it is very interesting.

1 、年轻人容易提出新的观点。

2 、从孩子的角度看,这非常有趣。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

The believers in global warming think that the increased temperature proves that global warming exists, and that it’s a significant problem that should not be taken lightly.

译文:相信全球变暖的人认为,气温的上升证明存在全球变暖,这是一个关系重大而且不可轻视的问题。解释:本句谓语 think 带有两个由 that 引导的并列宾语从句: that the increased temperature... 和 that it’s a significant problem... 。两个宾语从句又各自带有 that 引导的从句 , 第一个从句中的 that global warming exists 做 proves 的宾语;在第二个宾语从句中, that should not be taken lightly 是由 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰problem, 并在定语从句中做主语 , 不可省略。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

significant a. 重要的,意义重大的,相当数量的, 值得注意的;e.g. –Few people realized the discovery was significant. 很少有人认识到这一发现的重要性。

- I think we can save a significant amount of time.

- A little man may be a very significant man.

1 、我认为我们能节省大量的时间。

2 、小人物有时可以起非常重要的作用。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

phenomenon n. 现象;奇迹,奇才(复数为 phenomena 或 phenomenons)

e.g. –Magnetism is a natural phenomenon. 磁力是一种自然现象。

- The employment problem tends to be a city phenomenon.

- Her new book is a publishing phenomenon.

1 、就业问题是城市的常见现象。

2 、她的新作是出版界的奇迹。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

What makes this debate so interesting is that there are valid

scientific data to prove either side.

译文:使这场争论变得有趣的是,双方都拥有确凿的科学数据来证明各自的观点。解释:本句的主语是由 what 引导的主语从句。从句作主语时 , 谓语动词常用单数形式。表语部分是由 that 引导的表语从句。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

disprove vt. 证明……不能成立;反驳

e.g. –In his latest book, he writes that the theory has been disproved. 他在最近写的书里说那种理论已证明不

确 .

- The charge is disproved.

- These figures disproved Smith’s argument.

1 、这项控告证明是错误的。

2 、这些数字反驳了史密斯的观点。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

climate n. 气候;具有某种气候之区域

e.g. –Britain has a temperate climate. 英国气候温和。

- The climate of Africa did not agree with her.

- A drier climate would be good for her health.

1 、非洲的气候对她不相宜。

2 、气候较干爽的地区会对她的健康有益。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

base ...on / upon …… ……把 建立在某种基础上,以 为 根据

e.g. –Base on Yunfu, orient to the world and aim at the future. “立足云浮 , 面向世界 ,走向未来”。

- The scientists based their conclusions on facts.

- I base my hopes on the news we had yesterday.

1 、 科学家把他们的结论建立在事实的基础上。

2 、我的希望是以我们昨天所得到的消息为根据。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

argument n. 理由,论据;争论,争执

e.g. –I accepted his argument that taxation should be increased. 我接受了他提出的应该增税的论点。

- This argument, however, does not hold water.

- The argument among the two parties was blown up by the press.

1 、但是 , 这种观点是站不住脚的。

2 、 双方的争论被新闻界夸大了。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

for or against 支持或反对

e.g. –Are you for or against the proposal? 你是赞成这个建议还是反对这个建议?

- Are you for or against the plan?

- Was public opinion for or against the proposal?

1 、你支持还是反对这项计划?

2 、舆论支持还是反对此项建议?

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Unit3 Reading Text A

analysis n. 分析 , 分解(复数为 analyses )

e.g. –I was very much pleased by your analysis of the situation. 我非常满意你对形势的分析。

- This is the expert analysis of market trends.

- Each chapter of the book is an analysis of a well- known painting.

1 、这是专家对市场趋势所作的分析。

2 、书的每一章就是一幅名画的分析介绍。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

act as 担当,扮演

e.g. –The dean of the school act as marshal of graduation ceremony. 学校的教务长担任毕业典礼的司仪。

- The man acts as a manager in the hotel.

- He acts as an old man in the play.

1 、这个人在宾馆当经理。

2 、他在剧中扮演老人。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

widespread a. 分布(或散布)广的;普通的,广泛的

e.g. –The forests are widespread in our country. 我们的国家森林分布很广。

- It is a widespread disease.

- The storm caused widespread damage.

1 、这是一种流行病。

2 、暴风雨造成了大面积的破坏。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

The idea that serious disasters like these could happen from global warming is cause for alarm.

译文:这种因全球变暖可能会引发像上述所列的严重灾难的观点引起了恐慌。解释: that 引导的从句作 idea 的同位语 , 对 idea 进行进一步的详细说明。e.g. We expressed the hope that they would come and visit China again. 我们表示希望他们再来访问中国。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

alarm n. 惊恐,忧虑;警钟,闹铃

e.g. –The news of the radiation leak caused widespread public alarm. 辐射泄露的消息引起了公众的普遍 恐慌。

- He didn’t take alarm at the news.

- They heard the fire alarm.

1 、他听到了消息并不吃惊。

2 、他们听到了火警警报。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

in danger of ……有 危险的,可能遭受的

e.g. –The house is now in danger of collapse. 这座房子有倒塌的危险。

- The bridge is in danger of collapse.

- He is in danger of losing his job.

1 、这座桥有倒塌的危险。

2 、他可能失业。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

disappear vi. 消失,失踪;灭绝,不存在

e.g. – The sun disappeared behind a cloud. 太阳消失在一 片云后面。

- The dog disappeared into the night.

- That species disappeared in the Ice Age.

1 、狗消失在夜色中。

2 、那种生物在冰期已灭绝了。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

predict v. 预言,预报

e.g. –The fortune-teller predicted that I would marry a doctor. 算命先生预言我会同一位医生结婚。

- He predicted a brilliant future for the child.

- The weather station predicts snow for tomorrow.

1 、他预言这孩子前程似锦。

2 、气象台预报明天下雪。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Temperature increases are also attributed to the fact that most of the observations are taken in cities or airports where temperatures may be skewed higher.

译文:温度升高还归结于这样一个事实:大部分的观察都在城市或机场进行,而在这些地方所测的温度可能偏高。解释: that 引导同位语从句。 where 引导定语从句,修饰 in cities or airports 。e.g. Do you know the city where the 28th Olympic Games will be held? 你知道第 28 届奥运会的主办城市吗?

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Unit3 Reading Text A

occur v. 出现,存在;发生

e.g. –Earthquakes occur frequently in this area. 这一地区经常发生地震。

- Fish occur in most waters.

- We hope this won’t occur again.

1 、大多数的江河湖海中都有鱼。

2 、我们希望别再发生这样的事。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

attribute to …… ……把 归因于;认为 属于

e.g. –He attributed his failure to bad luck. 他把他的失败归因于倒霉。

- He attributed his success to hard work.

- This comedy has been attributed to Shakespeare.

1 、他把他的成功归因于艰苦努力。

2 、这个喜剧据说为莎士比亚所作。

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Unit3 Reading Text A

Global warming has been proven and disproven using computer climate models. Believers_____ global warming use them to ______ that in the next century there will be a __________ rise in the earth’s temperature, and an increase in the height of sea levels. Global warming skeptics ________ that the models are not entirely _______ fact, and that they can not be ________.

in

Fill in the blanks without referring to the original text. Then check your answers against the original. After that, read the passage aloud until you can say it from memory.

show

significant

suggestbased on

trusted

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Unit3 Reading Text AUnderstanding the Text Choose the best answer according to the text.

1.What has always been the topic of lots of debates and arguments according to this text? ________ A. The serious environmental issue B. Global C. Greenhouse gases D. The causes and effects of global warming2. What is used to prove and disprove global warming? ________ A. Computer climate models B. Temperature increase C. Valid scientific data D. Surface analysis3. What is not the result if the earth’s temperature increases from the viewpoint of the believers in global warming? ________ A. The ice caps will melt and the sea levels are to rise. B. The coastlines of the world may be washed away. C. The serious disasters would break out widespread. D. There are no environmental problems.

B

A

D

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Unit3 Reading Text A

4. Which statement is not correct according to the skeptics? ________ A. The temperature increase will not cause alarm to human beings. B. The world’s coastlines and polar ice caps will not disappear. C. The climate models in the last century should have been much worse than it actually was. D. Global warming is a serious problem to be worried about.5. How long has global warming existed? ________ A. Over one century B. Over fifty years C. Over ten years D. Not mentioned in the text6. The passage is mainly about __________. A. global warming B. the arguments for and against global warming C. the causes of global warming D. the results of global warming

D

C

B

Understanding the Text Choose the best answer according to the text.

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Unit3 Reading Text AMake 6 to 8 questions based on the text for your partner or group members to answer.

1. What is global warming?

Global warming is defined as the warming of the earth by greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere naturally or by mankind.

2. Do all people share the same opinion that global warming exists?

No. Many people question if global warming exists really.

3. How many viewpoints are there about the increased temperature on the earth?

There are two different viewpoints as to this phenomenon— the believers’ and the skeptics’.

4. Why do some people believe in global warming?

The believers think that the increased temperature of the earth has proven that.

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Unit3 Reading Text AMake 6 to 8 questions based on the text for your partner or group members to answer.

5. Why don’t some people believe in global warming?

They think the increased temperature is a natural phenomenon, which can’t prove the existence of global warming.

6. What do the two sides—the believers and the skeptics—use to support their opinions about global warming?

Both sides use valid scientific data to support their arguments for and against the existence of global warming.

7. What’s the believers’ fear concerning global warming?

They worry about that the earth’s temperature will go on increasing, which would lead to a series of disastrous consequences.

8. According to the skeptics, what causes the temperature increase?

The widespread emission of carbon dioxide and the misrepresented observation, taken in cities or airports, cause the temperature increase.

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Unit3 Reading Text AUsing the Words1. Complete each of the following sentences with the correct form of the italicized word on the left of each sentence.

1. emit New regulations are aimed at reducing vehicle _________.2. global We export our goods all over the ________.3. predict The data can be used to make useful economic

___________.4. argument He ________ with Mary about the best place for a holiday.5. eventual She worked so hard that __________ she made herself ill.6. disaster The __________ fire caused many people homeless.7. environmental The children have a happy_____________ at school.8. prove Do you have any ________ that this is true?9. effect So far, there is no ________ treatment for this kind of

disease.10. observation They were ________ entering the bank.

emissions

eventuallyargued

globe

disastrous

proofeffective

observed

prediction(s)

environment

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Unit3 Reading Text AUsing the Words2. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

increase occur misrepresent continue validdisappear debate disprove alarm outbreak

1. We were much_________ by the fire in the forest.2. His employer ______________ his wages since last month.3. This offer is _________ for travel before the end of April.4. Sheila __________ to work after she had her baby.5. The thought of giving up never _________ to me.6. The new discovery _________ his theory.7. Meanwhile, philosophers ________ whether it’s right to clone a human.8. The superstar said that she had been grossly ________________ by the

press.9. There’s been an ____________ of food poisoning at the hotel.10. His fear ____________ when he saw his father coming.

alarmed has increased valid

continuedoccurred

disproveddebate

misrepresented

outbreakdisappeared

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Unit3 Reading Text ALearning the Expressions1. Complete each of the following sentences with one suitable word from the text.

1. Heavy rains have ________ away the bridge.2. I still don’t know whether ________ not he’s planning to come.3. One should always ________ his opinions on facts.4. Her teachers _________ her learning difficulties to emotional

problems.5. You speak Greek. Would you ________ as interpreter?6. The patient was out of ________.7. Finally, the mayor ___________ the medals to the winners.8. I’m a great ________ in regular exercise.9. ________ food as they gave us was scarcely fit to eat.10. Some people ________ in everlasting life after death.

washedor

baseattributed

actdanger

presentedbeliever

Suchbelieve

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Unit3 Reading Text ALearning the Expressions2. Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb.

1. You don’t have to worry ________ your weight.2. Were they ________ or against the proposal?3. Are you staying _________ the Christmas holidays?4. I didn’t go out because ________ the rain.5. There’s been a rise ________ the number of arrests for drug offences.6. Seventy percent of the workers can be defined ________ low-paid.7. She wiped ________ her tears and tried to smile.8. He predicted when war would break________.9. According ________ my watch, it is 10 o’clock.10. You may point ________ our shortcoming, no matter when.

about

ofin

overfor

out

outto

awayas

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Unit3 Reading Text APracticing the Sentence PatternsRewrite the following sentences after the models.

Model 1: Global warming is defined as the warming of the earth by greenhouse gases which are emitted into the atmosphere naturally.→ Global warming is defined as the warming of the earth by greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere naturally.

1. This is something which is unheard of in history.This is something unheard of in history.

2. Suddenly, there appeared a young woman who was dressed in green.Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.

3. They are problems left by history.

They are problems left over by history.

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Unit3 Reading Text APracticing the Sentence PatternsRewrite the following sentences after the models.

Model 2: The idea is cause for alarm. Serious disasters like these could happen from global warming.→ The idea that serious disasters like these could happen from global warming is cause for alarm.

4. Then arose the question. That is where we can find a qualified person

for the job.

Then arose the question where we can find a qualified person for the job.

5. Do you have any proof that he is a thief?

Do you have any proof? You can prove that he is a thief.

6. The thought came to him. He could get the machines needed.

The thought came to him that he could get the machines needed.

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Translation• 1. 哪支球队会最终赢得这场比赛现在还不得而知。

(which…is)• Which team will finally win the match is still

unknown.• 2. 委员会听取了所有赞成和反对提案的争论。 (for

and against)• The committee listened to all the arguments for and

against the plan.• 3. 在目前的形势下,要想预测未来的房价是不可能

的。 (predict)• In the current situation, it is impossible to predict

the housing price in the future.• 4. 这座旧房子随时都有倒塌的危险。 (in danger of)• The old house is in danger of collapse at any time.

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Translation• 5. Tom attributed all his success to his parents’ education

and support.• 汤姆将所有的成就归功于父母的教育和支持。• 6. The news that he won the Nobel Prize pleased

everybody, especially his families.• 他获得诺贝尔奖的消息大家都很高兴,特别是他的家人。• 7. He is much honored to act as the interpreter during the

108th China Import and Export Fair.• 他很荣幸在第 108 界中国进出口商品交易会间担任翻译。• 8. The evidence has now disproved the theory that man is

created by God.• 事实已经证明,人是由上帝创造的理论是错误的。

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Unit3 Reading Text AFilling in the Missing Words.Read the passage and then choose a suitable word from the brackets to fill in each blank.

Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she ________ (took, was taking) when she ran through a forest after two men. They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic________ (at, in) the edge of the forest ________ (for, with) her children. They tried to steal her handbag. In the struggle, the strap( 带子,皮带 ) broke and, with the bag intheir possession, both men started ________(running, run) through the trees. Mrs. Sterling got so angry ________ (that, as) she ran after them. She was soon ________ (in, out of) breath, but she continued to run. When she caught up ________ (for, with) them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the ________ (content, contents) of the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran _________ (off, away).“ The strap needs ________ (to mend, mending) ,”said Mrs. Sterling later, “but they did not steal anything.”

√√

√√

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Unit 3 Reading Text AMerry Learning Well I need to move. I need to wake up

I need to change. I need to shake upI need to speak out. Something is got to break upI've been asleep and I need to wake up now

I am not an island. I am not aloneI am my intentions trapped here in this flesh and bone

And I need to move. I need to wake upI need to change. I need to shake upI need to speak out. Something is got to break upI've been asleep and I need to wake up now

I need to wake upHave I been sleeping? I've been so still afraid of crumblingHave I been careless? Dismissing all the distant rumblingsTake me where I am supposed to be to comprehend the things that I can't see

'Cause I need to move. I need to wake upI need to change. I need to shake upI need to speak out. Something is got to break upI've been asleep and I need to wake up now

And as a child I danced like it was 1999. My dreams were wildBut the promise of this new world would be mineNow I am throwing off the carelessness of youthTo listen to an inconvenient truth