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lJ Burlington Books
Web Activi tiebs
ks es/vie!Vpoints2 wwtv.burl111gton oo .
VIEWPOINTS
INCLUDES:
• Unit-by-unit practice material with
extra reading practice
• Vocabulary Builder
• Exam Practice section
• Appendices
• Student learning record
• Translation exercises
• Word lists: · irregular verbs
· ph rasa I verbs
· prepositions
For Bachillerato
W 0 R K B
Elizabeth Grant Kevin Payne
0 0 K
INCLUDES: • Unit-by-unit practice material with
extra reading practice
• Vocabulary Builder
• Exam Practice section
• Appendices
• Student learning record
• Translation exercises
• Word lists: · irregular verbs
· phrasal verbs
· prepositions
POINT For Bachillerato
W 0 R K B
"Elizabeth Grant Kevin Payne
0 0 K
\ f [" _ \/\TP OINTS for Bachillerato 2 Workbook by Elizabeth Grant a n d Kev i n Payne
B u r l ington Books P. O . Box 54411 3721 Li massol Cyprus
B u r l i n gton Books i s a n i mpr i n t of Danos Books Ltd .
Materia l C u rr icula r para Bach i l l e rato, curso seg undo, area de lenguas extra njeras: i n g les, reg istrado en todas las Comun idades Aut6nomas que t ienen competenc ias en mater ia ed ucativa y que asf lo requ ie re n .
Acknowledgements:
The publisher gratefully acknowledges the following for providing photographs:
Associated Press: page 53 (Michelin Man); Corel: page18 (recycling bin); Digital Vision: page 1 0; Everett Collection, Inc.: page 7 (Jamie Oliver); © Getty Images I PhotoDisc: pages 7 (table setting), 28 (computer mouse); © Image Bank I Getty Images: pages 9, 53 (Mr Peanut); © Matt Harding: page 26; © M.C. Escher Company: cover and page 1; © Shutterstock: pages 4, 8 (guitar player, stack of magazines), 12 (microphone, cameras, stars), 13, 16 (leaves), 17, 20 (notebook computer,
smokestacks), 21 (CD, recycling symbol), 24 (computer keyboards), 28 (stressed man with computer), 29, 32 (paints, man holding nose), 36 (elephant, monkey), 40 (family, father and son on beach), 42, 44 (men in factory, businessmen, frames), 45, 48 (bar codes, shopping bag, young shoppers), 49, 52 (bar code, sale tag, woman), 65 (town street, Times Square)
This series is compatible with the recommendations, guidelines and objectives of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.
All rights reserved by the publisher. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means- electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise- without permission in writing from the publisher.
ISBN 978-9963-47-976-4 Copyright© 2010 Burlington Books
10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
CONTENTS
. ...... .. .. . .... . ... . Grammar Review 4
..... ... · · ·-�· - -· ..
Fame 8
Going Green 16
) Online World 24 )
Sense It 32
l Families 40
A Good Buy 48
1 - ------�--------------------·---------;..,------�-................ -,.., . ..__, __ . ..,." ..... � .. -.... -�-"---�------· .,....,_,...,....,_, ___ .., __ ,_,.__,...,. ... _,� ---·--· -- -------- -..--..... ._.._..._,_ . ....., ............ � - .. ,.-� ...... ..
Vocabulary Builder
Exam Practice
Appendices t ng
r-rt- .. ··1s�,J.-.t· in\1 [:: ,,re:. t-ci· <:PS -� c .1 . a _ .1 '--.J' 1. _ _. __.r �- ... � .......
Prepositions
57
71
79 80 82 84 86 87
4
Grammar Review
Present Simple and Present Continuous
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . I ' m a n g ry with W i l l i a m . I a m not talking I don't talk to h i m .
2. Listen ! My s ister is sing i ng I s ings i n t h e shower.
3. Th is cheese tastes I is tast i n g stra nge .
4. Are you thi n k i ng I Do you thi n k An n is pretty?
5. La u ra is wa l k i n g I walks to school every day.
2. Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Sim ple or Present Continuous.
1. The sun . . . . . . . . . . . . (set) in the west
2. P lease don 't d i stu rb me . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . ..
(study) .
3. I stil l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not know) the answer.
4. .. ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you a lways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go) to the c i nema on Fr iday n i g hts ?
5. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) a p i cn i c next S u nday.
6. How m uch . . . . . . th is pa rce l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (we igh ) ?
3 . Com plete t h e school newsletter page with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Sim ple or Present Contin uous.
COMING SOON .. .
* Don't forget ! Our school1· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (participate) in the annual Community Action Day
on 23rd September. S ign up now to volunteer !
* Mark your calendar: The Film Club
2· ... . .. .... . ..... ..... . ....... . ... . .. . . . . . .... .... . . ... (meet) every Monday at
8 pm. Next week, they 3· .................................................... .. (show) Up in the Air. It-+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
(star) George C looney.
* 5- .. ....... ...... . .... .... . ..... ....... .. .. you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( want) to
learn how to cook? Next Friday afternoon , the chef
from Angie's Restaurant 6· .................................................... .. (offer) a free basic cookery lesson to all
in terested students. Contact Mona i n the
office for details .
P�st Simp�e, a.11d P�s.t Conti:n�9U.�--
4. Write sentences using the words below. Use the Past Simple or Past Contin uous.
1 . you r b rother I watch TV I when I you I get home I�
2. you I f i n i sh I the I E ng l i sh homework I yesterday I?
3. I I not eat sush i I when I I I i n J apan I l a st yea r I.
4. l a st yea r I Sus ie I work I i n a shop I wh i l e I study I
5. Complete the e-mail with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Sim ple or Past Continuous.
Dear Rob,
You're lucky that you missed the 80s tribute bands
concert last night.lt 1· .... ................................................ (begin)
badly. The organisers 2· ....................... .. .............. (refuse)
to open the doors to the arena early, even though it 3· ...... . . . ... . .. .... .. ..... . . .......... . .. (snow) heavily. Then, when
they finally 4· ...................................................... (let) people in,
nearly everyone s . . ... ...... . ... ....... . ............ . ... . .... .. ....... . (go) to the
coffee kiosks to buy a hot drink, but guess what?
The espresso machines 6 .................................................... .. (not work). Things 7· ............. .......................... ........... (not get)
better during the concert. All of the bands 8. .. ......................... .... (sound) terrible because there
was something wrong with the sound system. And
while the last band 9· ....... ... ....... . . .. . . ..... .............. . .. ... . . . ... (play), the
lights suddenly 10· .................................................. ... (go out).
;'Too bad I spent so much money on a ticket!
See you on Friday,
Gin a·
I?
I?
?. e s ent Perfect Simple and ;: s t Perf�ct Si�ple
= �ewrite the sentences using the words in :>rackets. Use the Present Perfect Sim ple or ;last Perfect Sim ple. Do not change the original 11eaning of the sentences.
= ·-erry doesn't know how to r ide a b i cycl e . (never)
::: dn't know Dan u nt i l t h ree yea rs ago . (for)
_ ::--1e f i n i shed her work . Then she went to the = ·-ema . (after)
'llet Rob's new g i r l fr iend for the f i rst t ime l ast � ;Jht . (before)
d dn't see An ne at the school p i cn i c . She l eft :::efore I arr ived. (by the t i me)
-Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Simple or Past Sim ple.
:JJring the past decade, the i ncreasing presence of
� - bile phones L ..... ................................ (lead) to a rise
- public discussion related to their use . In recent years,
-- :Jrchers c . .............................. . . .............. ...... ( do) studies on
:- .:1r possible health effects. And lately, many places
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (make) i t i l legal to hold a phone
. nile driving. But for many people, the biggest problem
; mobi les i s rude behaviour - including loud, personal
_ m ersations, and the use of phones in cinemas and
;:,taurants . Some people are starting to fight thi s .
D 1ring a play i n New York i n September 2009. the
:-<J) \two stars, Daniel Craig and Hugh Jackman,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( shout) at a man i n the audience
. hen his mobil e phone not only 5· ................................................. .
nng) several times, but he 6· .......................... ..................... .
1ot s i lence) i t . And Amy A lkon, an American writer,
nee 7 ...................................................... ( cal l ) a man to complain
:nat hex " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " ( forced) her to l i sten
•. 1 his loud conversation earl ier that day i n a cafe. How
. . . . . . . . . . . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( get) h i s
""hone number? He said i t loudly during his phone cal l ,
_nd Ms Alkon simply 10· ........ ............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wri te) i t
jl)\\'n .
tr G ra m m a r Review
Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple
8. Com plete the sentences with a t ime expression below.
in 2004 ° already e yE•sterday • just never • ther1 • yet
1 . A: Londo n 's one of my favou r i te c i t ies . What do you th i n k of i t?
B: I don't know. I 've . .. .... ............... ...... . .... been there .
2. A : Do y o u want t o borrow th i s book?
B: No, tha n ks . I 've ... . . .. . .. read it twi ce .
3. A: Are you havi ng a d r iv i ng l esson later today?
B: No, I had one ..
4. A: Have you a l ready been to the l i b rary?
B: No. I met J ane for b reakfast, and . . .... . . we went to the shopp i n g centre .
5. A: How long have you had you r dog?
B: We got h im . . ... . . . .. . . . . . . . ... ..... .. ... . . . . , when he was a puppy.
6. A: Is L i sa com i n g to v is i t th i s weekend ?
B: I 'm not su re . S h e hasn 't dec ided
7. A: Someone de l ivered th i s pa rce l for you a few m i n utes ago . H u rry u p- open i t !
B : Wa it a m i n ute . I 've . . . . .. .. . . .. . . .. . ... wa l ked t h rough the door. I want a cup of coffee fi rst !
9. Com plete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Sim ple or Past Sim ple .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hear) of the Kl i ngon
language? It is a language featured in many of the Star Trek fi lms. Marc Okrand, an American l inguist, ,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( invent) Kl ingon i11 tl1e early
1 980s. The complex language was an i mmediate hit w ith
Star Trek fans. S ince then, they ' ... .. ....... . . . . .. .. .. ..
(buy) over a quarter of a mi l l ion copies of the Kl ingon
dictionary that Okrand 4· ........ ........ .. . . . . . . ( write) .
In addition , they 5 ............ . . . .... ..................... . ... ........ (establ i sh)
Kl ingon study groups, websites and fan clubs. They also 6·
........ ........... (publ i sh) books and rel eased COs
on the language. People who are fluent in Kl ingon can
final ly read a Kl ingon translation of the Shakespeare play
Hamlet, a project that 7 . ... ..... . (begin)
several years ago. They probably�- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
(greet) that news by saying, buy' ngop. That's Kl ingon
for "'That 's great news ! "
' 5
Future Simple, be going to and Present Continuous with Future Meaning
1 0. Complete the d ia logues with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Future S imple, Present Cont inuous or be going to. There may be more than one possible answer.
A: 1 · · · · · · · · · · · • · · · · • · · ·· · · · .... ... . ... you .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . (see) B i l l ton i g ht?
B: No . I 2 . . . . exa m .
. (study) for m y h i story
A: Do you know what B i l l 3 . .. . . . . . . . (do)?
B: I 'm not su re , but he 4 ....... ... . p robab ly . . . .. . . .. .. . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. . (pl ay) compute r ga mes with h i s b rother.
- ··-A: Whos .. . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . (br i n g) food to the
p icn ic on Satu rday?
B: Dav id 6 · .... . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . ... .. . .... . . . . . . . . (ma ke) enough sandwiches for eve ryon e . And he
. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a lso . .. . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . . . (stop) on the way to buy l a rge bags of cr isps.
A: OK. So I 8 . ... .. . .. ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (br i ng ) f i zzy d ri n ks .
B: Good . Do you th in k we 9 (need) a nyth i n g e lse?
A: I don 't t h i n k so .
11. Write a logical continuation with the words in brackets. Use the Future S imple or be going to.
1 . Those a re beaut if u l earr ings. (M u m I love I them)
2. I ca n 't wa i t to move to New York ! (I I move I there I i n a few months)
3. We have got p lenty of t ime. (we I not be I l ate)
4. Re lax . (you I pass I the I d riv i ng test I tomorrow)
5. Be ca refu l ! (you I sp i l l I the coffee)
Future Perfect Simple and Future Continuous
1 2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use the Future Cont inuous or Future Perfect.
buy • r1ot prdctise • play • score • go
not see • move • not run 1 . By th i s t ime tomorrow n i g ht, John
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in his 1 OOth game for ou r tea m, but he hopes that at th i s t ime next yea r, he ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . goa l s for M anchester C ity .
2. l rea l ly m iss Sue . I know I . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . to v is i t her i n th ree months ' t 1me, but by then , we . .. . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .... . . . . . . . each other for s ix months .
3. I ..... . . . . . . .... . . ... .. . . . . beca use I the n .
. . . i n t h e race on S u nday . . . . .. . .. . .. ... . . . .. . . . enough by
4. By the end of the week , he
Satu rday, he . . . . new f lat .
. . . . . .. fu rn i tu re , and on . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . i nto h i s
1 3. Complete the d ia logues with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use a future tense. There may be more than one possible answer.
1 . A: Why does E m ma want to learn French ?
B: Sf\e . . . . . ... . . .......... (visit) her boyfriend 's fam i ly i n France i n the summer.
2. A: \'m sorry, but there's no more milk.
B: I n that case, I . . . ... . (have) tea i nstead of coffee .
3. A: What t ime do you wa nt to meet tomorrow morn i ng ?
B : After ten . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) breakfast by then .
4. A: Do you have p l ans for ton i g ht?
B: Yes . I . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . (go) to a basketba l l game with my dad .
5. A: I s that the Go lden Gate Br idge?
B: Yes, and i n a moment , we . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . (d r ive) over i t .
6. A: I 'm l ook i n g forward to seeing La u ra ton i g ht .
B: O h , I forgot to te l l you . She . . . . .. . . ... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not come) .
- Complete the sentences with a suitable word or time expression below.
vv long • by then � while t» never �he future • always ® when three in the morning
. 'Je ' re br i n g i n g Sam at ten o'c lock ton i g ht . , a l l the guests wi l l have
:: cclved for h i s su rpr ise pa rty. -
.'. hy was you r dog bark i ng ... . . . ............ .. . . ?
= -.e . . ..... .. ........... ....... ...... goes to the yoga c lass :)n Tuesdays beca use she l i kes the teacher.
- S1e's a n exce l lent w indsu rfer. I th i n k she' l l w in 3 lot of cham p ionsh ips ..... ...... ...... . . . . .. . ................ . .
. ....... . . . . . . ... . .... ........... . .. ... . . .. h ave you known R ita ? = D1d you cry .... . . .. . .. ............ ........... . .. . . . . .. .......... the f i l m ended?
- .� a n i s was ta l k i n g on the phone ..... . . . . . ...... ...................... ..... she was cutt i ng vegetab les .
ve .. . . . . . .... . . . ..... .. . . . .. . ............ .... .. . l et anyone read my _ou rna l . it's p r ivate .
· 5. Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences. Make any necessary changes.
I s th 1s you r first t i me in San Franc isco? (before)
- When d i d you move i nto th i s f lat? (how long)
• 1 watched a f i l m d u ri ng the f l i g ht . (wh i le)
Those a re my sung l asses. (be long)
_ What i s that de l i c ious sme l l ? (sme l ls)
..., He fi n i shed the report on Th u rsday n i g ht a n d ha nded i t i n on Fr iday. (the n i g ht before)
� Gra m ma r Review
16. Com plete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
When Jamie Ol iver 1 ................ . (catch ) the public's attention in 1 999 w ith his first
telev is ion series The Naked Che.t: he was only 23
years o ld . By that t ime, despite his young age,
he 2 . ....... . . .......... . . . . . .... . . . . ....... ........ .. . . . . . (already I have )
ten years of cooking experience . S ince the series
. (end) in 200 1, Ohver 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (bui ld) an i mpre�sive
business empire that 5 .... ( employ) over 2 ,000 people and inc ludes a cook ware
brand and several restaurants. And, of course. Oliver
... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (already I wri te) ten cookery
books, and 7 ... ... ....... ....... . ....... . . . . ... .. . . . ........ . . . . . . ... (probably I wri te) more i n the coming years . But more i mportantly,
Ol iver 8· . . . . .. . ...... ... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . ...... . . . . .... . . . . (use) h i s fame and
fortune to help others and to encourage healthy eating.
In 2002, he 9 ....... . . . . ..... .. . .... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (establ i sh ) the
Fifteen Foundation, which trains and employs young
people in restaurant work . Among the foundation's
'·graduates" are former drug addicts and youth who
10 ............. .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be ) once in trouble with
the law. Ol iver's 2005 television series about the poor
qual i ty of Bri tain\ school lunch programme eventual l y
1 1 . . . . . . ................... ....... ... . . . . . ...... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. (1ead) t o the government
providing m i l l ions of pounds to improve it and his 2008
series Jamie s Ministry qf Food used a reali ty-sho\V format
to show how to prepare healthy meals easil y and cheaply.
M i llions of fans 12 ... . . . .... .. . . . . . . . . ... . . .. . .... . ........ . .... ....... . . . . (wait) to see
what he'l l do next - but with h i s h istory, there·� little doubt
that it w i l l be both entertain ing and educational .
8
VOCABULARY
1 . Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to the underl ined words.
1. We had such a lav ish l u nch that I was afterwards . a . h u ng ry b . very fu l l
2. C ol i n was a spo i l t ch i l d but, su rp r i s i ng ly, he g rew u p to be a ve ry . . . . . .. man . a . cons iderate b. se lf-centred
3. Pr i nce C ha r les often ma kes controve rsia l statements that a . p l ease everyone b . ma ke some peop le ang ry
4. They' re ask i ng a n outrageous pr ice for t h is f lat . it's . . a . very reasonab le b . fa r too h i g h
5. That po l i t i c i an i s notor ious for a. h i s many love affa i rs b . i mprovi ng the economy
6. She used to be q u i te wea lthy, but she's lost a lot of . .. . . .. . . recent ly. a . money b . we i g ht
2. Com plete the puzzle using the clues below.
Across ..
2. There a re so ma ny peop le here! How wi l l we f i nd Jen ny i n th i s . . .. . ... . ?
4. If I were a n . . . .. . .. . , I wou ld buy a n enormous house .
5. I hope you r . . . . . . . . . w i th Joh n ny Depp ends soon ! I ' m t i red of hea r i ng a bout h i m !
8 . My s i ster met Bono, a n d got h is . . . . . . . . . on a C D box.
9. I don't ca re a bout the latest fash ion . .. . . . . . . . I wea r what I l i ke .
1 0. My father's a sc ient ist , a n d h i s . . .. . . . . . i s Al bert E i nstei n .
Down t 1 . There was a lot of ... . . . . . . before the u n ivers i ty
entrance exams .
2. J a ke is part of the f i lm . . . . .. . . . . He 's a n ass ista nt e lectr i c ia n .
3. The actor C h r i st i an Ba le got some bad . . when a tape was re leased of h im shout i ng a t someone on a f i lm set.
6. Robert a n d h i s . . . . . . . . f i nal ly dec ided on a date for the i r wed d i n g .
7 . . . . . . . . . often p r i nt l i es and rumou rs about ce lebr i t ies .
• : : .... (True) or F (Fa lse) for each sentence. : : · :et the fa lse sentences.
- :::>odyg ua rd is a persona l tra i ne r i n a gym.
- --o le mode l i s someone we adm i re .
r 2 n you fool someone/ you tr ick them.
- =::"'s of someone worsh i p that person .
- passer-by i s someone who sel l s t h i ngs a t ��'eet markets .
."/hen we gossip/ we ta l k a bout ourse lves .
- :::omplete the passage with the words and :'"'rases below.
� L .. pursue • willing • ernerge<:; • instant • in the
r t scouts
GORGEOUS GEORGE __ C.ooney has been 1
, ..... , .. But he didn ' t c l imb 2· ... . .. .. for years as
.. . . . . . . . . . . to the
- .. 1-.: t . h e was anything but a n 3 . . .... .... .. . . ..... .. ...... .... .. star.
_- ... � moved to Los Angeles to begi n his acting career,
. .... . . . . . weren't i nterested in him. B ut he had a lot
. . . .. . . ... . . . . and wa:-, 6· ................. .... ..... ........ . . to take smal l
. :ck\ i�ion shows . Success final ly came i n 1 994,
_. ''a:-, cast i n a new televi sion hospi tal drama. ER. � ::-:r that, Clooney began making fi lms and became
. _ ·:1cn. he·� had to cope with the problems fame can
; - ,md that includes dea l ing with paparazzi , who
........... him whenever he �- ............ ... ................... m . · . Clooney rare ly te l l s reporters about his private l ife.
hi-. typical e legance, C looney balances his public and
_ :e li\'es better than most Hollywood stars.
., U n it 1
5. Complete the sentences with a suitable collocation. Use the correct form of the verbs take,
go or catch and the words and phrases below.
:)j \.:'i.ith l::.illrld "' ror t.Jrd!1led ·��< eye wild ... by surpnse
1 . When we ca n .. the waite(s .... ................ . . I l efs ask for the b i l l .
2. Most o f us .. ..... ..... .. . . ..... ..... .... . good hea l th ................. unt i l we become i l l .
3. After I wa l ked u p the h i l l / I had to stop to .................. ....... ........ my ........... .. .......... .. . . . . .. . . . .
4. Why a re they l ettmg the 1 r ch i l d ren ........ ? Theire d i sturbing
everyone .
5 . Jack/s dog i s . . . . ... and soon won /t be ab l e to see .
6. I never expected to w i n the contest . lt rea l ly ................... .... .. ... ...... me ............... .................. ... .
6. Complete the sentences by add ing a suitable suffix to the words in brackets to form nouns and adjectives. Make any necessary changes.
1 . Tom is i n the . . ... .................. . . . .... . . . . (enterta i n ) i ndustry/ and l ives i n a .......................... ........ (l uxury) home .
2. That .. . . . (perform) often attends char i ty events for good ...... ... .... ......... ........... (pu b l i c).
3. She ca res a lot about her . .. . (appea r)/ and on ly wears .... .. ........... .... (fash ion ) c lothes .
4. I n most p l aces/ . . . . . . ....... (pol i t ics) cam pa i g ns a re ve ry . . .. . . .. . ... . . . ..... . (expense) .
5 . There's a spec i a l sa les ... . .. . . . .. ........... ...... (promote) th i s week . If you buy two C Ds by the same ... .. ....... .. . ............. . . .. .. (mus ic)/ you get a th i rd one free.
6. We had a ............................ . . . . (de l i g ht) t ime yesterday at the . .. .. . ...... . . ..... ..... (perform) .
7 . Complete the sentences. Make them true for you .
1 . If I cou l d go a b road tomorrow/ I would go to
2. I was overwhelmed when
3. My fr i ends and I someti mes goss i p about
4. One of my ro l e models i s
5 . I have to catch my breath when I ..
· 9
1 0
GRAMMAR
1 . Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Cont inuous or Past Perfect Cont inuous.
1 . I 'm su rpr ised that Les ley doesn't know any French. How long . . . . . . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . ....... . . . . . . . she . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ( l ive) in Pa r i s?
2. We ... .. .. . . .. . . . ... . . .. .
3. She .. . . ... .. . .... . .. . . . ... .
. .. .. . . .. . . . . ... . . . . . (s l eep) for a n hou r when we were woken by a loud no i se .
. . . . .. (pe rform) on stage for yea rs before she a ppea red i n f i l ms .
4. The ba nd . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . .. (record) the i r new C D for the past two months.
5. · • · · ······• · · ·· · · · ···· · · they . .. . . . . . .. .... . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... (a rg ue)? They look u pset.
2. Complete the d ia logue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past S imple or a perfect tense (Sim ple or Cont inuous).
Reporter: Congratulations on your Best Actress award! How t. ................................... . you ................. . . . . ................... . . . ......... (feel) when your name was announced?
Actress: I was shocked! In fact, I 2· ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . ... . . . .. .. . . ... . . .... . . .. . .. .. . . . . (want) to win
this award since I was a child, and I still don't believe I won!
Reporter: 3· .. ... .. .... .. . ...... .. .. .. . . .. . ..... you .............. ............ . . . ......................... (enjoy) the ceremony?
Actress: It was one of the best experiences of my life! And that includes talking with some of the fans who 4· .. . . .. ... . .... .. . . .. . . . .. . .. . ...... . .... . . . .. .. . . . . .. ... . .. (wait) all day to watch everyone, including me, on the red carpet.
Reporter: Now, what 5· . . . . .. . . . . . . ... you .......................................... ....... (work) on for the past few months?
Actress: Nothing! I 6 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . ... .... (relax) for these last few months! But lately,
I 7· . . . . . .. . . . . . . .... . . ..... . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . ... . . ... . . . . . . .. . . (consider) a part in a romantic comedy. In recent years,
I 8· .. . . . . . .. . .......... .. . .......... . ............ (do) mostly serious, dramatic roles, and I'd like to try
something different.
Reporter: We all look forward to seeing your next film!
3. Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . Is t h i s you r f i rst v i s i t to a f i l m set? (eve r)
2. Madonna beg a n perform i n g i n 1977. (s i nce)
3. They haven't re leased a new CD for three yea rs. (ago)
4. I f i n ished most of my homework. Then I went out. (after)
5. When d i d he sta rt to p lay for Manchester C i ty� (how long )
4 . Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use gerunds or i nfin itives. One verb is used more than once .
• vvatch • "' a eh ieve lil be 7. Don't forget .............. .................... the You Tube clip I sent you.
2. Sa l ly is eager . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .... her stud ies at the Roya l Academy of D ra mat ic Arts.
3. On her way to school , Jess ica stopped ...... ..... . . . . . . .. . . .. . .... . . . . . .. . a bott le of water.
4. Be l i eve it or not , .. . . .. . . . . . . . . ... . ... .. . .. . . . . ... . wea lthy doesn't solve a l l of l i fe's p rob lems.
5 . ....... .... . . . .. .... . . . .... . . . .. . . fame i s a n i m porta nt goa l for some peop le.
6. I stopped . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . ....... . . . . . . . . . bottled water i n order to save money.
;?
-:: ..,..,plete the passage with the correct
· : ....... of the verbs in brackets. Use gerunds :" "'finitives. There may be more than one -:: ""ect answer.
orking for the mm � _ '. !Jfe�tyles and work that often takes them
::t"lme. many celebrities rely on large staffs
. . . . . . (take) respons ibil ity for a great
· :.:ir l ives. A lthough it may be excit ing
. . . . (meet) famous people. i t ' s not always
. . . . . . . . . . . . (work) for them. Some stars are
- ·'for 4· . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . (be) spoi l t . which makes
_ ·:-cmely demanding bosses. In addi tion,
. . . . . . (work) for a celebrity often means
- ) long hours and includes 6· .. _ \\ ith them - leav ing very l i tt le free time for
. - De-..pite al l this, being a personal assi stant to a
- _ GJI111) to thei r children can be interesting and
- r.J provides a way 7· .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (observe) the
_ :re of a celebrity.
=::;rite the sentences using the words in : · 3ckets . Use gerunds or infinitives. Do not :-3nge the original meaning of the sentences. --ere may be more than one correct answer.
_ - · J d n't t h i n k of tha n k i n g us for a l l ou r he l p . -: - .- �"'lber)
_ _ _,sed to s i ng i n a band, but she hasn't -:: :hat for yea rs . (stopped)
_ J�'t go stra i g ht home . I bou g ht mil k on the stopped)
_ � � i: th i n k that I 've ever m et you r parents . �--::"'lber)
::-.- sorry to i nform you that M r Sm ith d i ed last ::::<. (reg ret)
·-::: _, d n 't have eaten so m uch l ast n i g ht . :: :·::-:)
7. Correct the errors.
1 . I ' m t i red of th i s game . We' re p l aying since noon .
2. She was di rect i ng p lays for f ive years when she dec ided to di rect a f i l m
3. B e famous i s a l l she i s i nterested i n .
4. I d i d n 't forget writ i ng m y essay a n d h a nd i t i n o n t i m e .
5. She had never dream ed of w in Britain's Got
Talent.
8. Translate the sentences .
1 . Ta b loids have been pr i nt i n g a rt i c les a bout David and V ictor ia Beckha m for yea rs.
2. I reg ret say i ng those th i ngs to h i m .
3. We had been tryi ng to buy concert t i ckets for two hours when we lost the Internet connect ion .
4. Have you been do i n g yoga for a long t ime?
5 . They had been studyi ng for weeks, so they went wi ld when the exa ms were over.
9. Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 . J i m is a n i ncredib le g u i ta r i st ! How long . . . . . . . . . . . . . he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p lay) ?
2. I m iss you . I . ... . .... .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not see) you for a month !
3. M a ry wants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (jo i n ) the B l u r fa n c l u b .
4. D i d Steve suggest . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . (meet) for di n ner before the f i l m ?
5 . Witnesses sa id that photog raphers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (pursue) J u l i a Roberts for about f ive m i n utes before she shouted at them .
� U nit 1
1 1
12
READING
1 . look at the title of the text and the pictures. What do you th ink the text is about?
2. Now read the text and check your answer.
3. Find words in the text that mean:
1 . harmfu l (parag ra p h 2) . ........ .......... ..... .
2. not obv ious (parag ra p h 2)
3 p l an ned (parag ra p h 3) 4. necessa ry (pa ragraph 4)
4. Choose the correct answer.
1. When a ce lebr ity gets "i n k " , it means . . . . a . they 've got a p rob lem b . they receive on ly bad pub l i c i ty c. they have got a pub l ic i st d . they' re written a bout
2. The Wall Street Journal . . . .
a . pub l i shed the f i rst photo of Tom C ru ise 's wife b. den ied pub l i sh ing fa ke papa razzi p i ctu res c. orchestrated fa ke papa razzi photos d . reported on the phenomenon of fake
papa razzi photos
5. Write T (True) or F (False) for each sentence. F ind i nformation i n the text to support your answers.
......... 1. S u rpr i s i ng ly, new techno logy has had l itt l e effect on med 1a coverage of ce leb r ities.
. . .. . . . 2. A su bt le response to bad pub l i c i ty i s to i ssue a statement .
........ 3 . Fake pa pa razzi photos acco u nt for about 50% of pub l i shed ce lebrity photos .
6. Answer the question accord ing to the text.
Why do some sta rs h i re photog ra phers to "surprise" them in a private moment?
Public relation s (PR) is the busi ness of promoting a person, company, product or idea by generating media
and public interest. And personal publicists to the star
seem to have the easiest j ob in PR because "getting
ink'' (receiving media coverage ) for celebrities i�
seldom a problem. In fact not surprisingly, in thi s age
of tabloids, paparazzi, mobile-phone cameras anc
especially the I nternet, there ' s often too much "ink"
and it's not always positive or to the stars' liking.
That ' s why a big part of a celebrity publicist's j ob is tc help stars respond to false, damaging or embarrassing
articles and photos. This can be done directly, such a
by releasing a statement responding to the publishec
information. Or a more subtle approach can be take;
by gradually shifting attention to different, positi\::
aspects of the stars ' lives, s uch as their involvemer:
with charitable or social causes.
In addition, some stars and their publicists have foun
a way to try to control coverage and to beat the tabloi ·
at their own game: they hire their own photographer
or give paparazzi advance notice so they can "catch
a star in a supposedly private moment. The editor c an American gossip magazine recently estimated th ...
about half of the celebrity photos we see fall into th.
category. According to an article in the respecte _
business newspaper, The Wall Street Journal, exampk
of these carefully orchestrated fake paparazzi momer.
include photos of Gwyneth Paltrow leaving hospi _
with her first baby and the world's first gli mpse ofTL
Cruise with his wife, Katie Holmes .
Of course, m any celebrities claim not to care about
their public i mage or what the tabloids print. But fo:
those who do care, publicists are e ssential.
lf
' .t..l. -
:h
oi� he; :eh r 0 thu th� :te'-Jle �nt-. ita orr
r
:- :;ose the correct connector. There may be more than : - � co rrect answer.
: -==::; te I Despite thi s I In sp ite of the co ld weather, -:: J.r the actresses wore jackets .
- -=-·-= s exce l l ent pub l i c tra nsport i n New York, so you =- � need to h i re a ca r there . However I Furthermore I
: - :he one ha nd, you ' l l need a ca r i n Los Ange les .
::::rrect the run-on sentences below. Use a ful l stop and :: ::apita l letter or a connector.
�- .lJ ed a l l week, I d id n 't know a l l the answers i n the test.
-- s buyi ng f lowers for Sa l ly, it's her b i rthday today.
· Jke up late a n d left the house q u ick ly a n d I a r r ived at � =·· Jo l and I rea l i sed it was Satu rday.
Complete the for and against essay with the connectors below.
·� on the oth1:-r hand 'furthenT1ore
�av� Fu.nd�r tHe, Arts � ·. 5rite{irt, it lwrs CI[[WCI[ys burt custol11-t?lry for : :.': jOVentwte� to provide jivtPrrteiCI[L support ..:_ ,- the Cl[rts. 1· . . , some ;�,jple wortder whether it is time to ertd this custom.
... ............................ most people doVO:t bertefit dirutly ..:·_;m Cl[rts furtdir1!J, Cl[rtd 111-Vfrty rtever te{ke Cl[dvm-ttqge of :,tis kelp. 3· . ... . .. .. ......... . , _goverrtme� furtds ..::r the Cl[rts wtee{VLS Less mortey for esse�ie{L services,
.... schools, �Lth CC
\:�- � Progress Check Unit � 111'5! • • a •
�--·-·-·-·------·--[ 14
Voc.�b_ula�y _ . .
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1. A l a rge crew I crowd I passer-by has been gather i ng a l l morn i n g to g reet the team when the i r p l ane l ands .
2. The pres ident emerged I pursued I gossiped i n public for tne first time since tne scandal began .
3. Some rock g u ita r i sts i n the 60s a n d 70s were spoilt I lavish I notor ious for the i r d rug use .
4. I can 't bel i eve I ' m f i na l ly meet ing you ! You 've been my heiress I role model I fiancee for years !
5. My fr i ends a n d I enjoy debat i ng controvers i al I i nsta nt I wealthy i ssues .
2 . Complete the e-ma i l by form i ng col locations with the correct form of the verbs catch, take,
or go and the words below.
a broad @ everyone by su rpr ise • s ight of
wi ld • anyone's eye • a photo
Hey Sue,
You ' 11 never guess who I L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . last
week. Hugh Jackman ! He 2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when
he walked into the shop, but nobody
3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Everyone acted real ly calmly.
He looked at a few shirts, tried not to 4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , and then left. But before he
did, I managed to 5 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of him with
my mobile (I ' m sendi ng the picture with thi s e-mail ) .
Now aren ' t you sony that you 6 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for the summer? Write soon !
Love,
Lynda
3. Complete the sentences by adding a suitable suffix to the words in brackets.
1 . The c h i l d ren watched i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (amaze) as the mag ic i an performed h i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( imp ress) tr i cks .
2. Th i s s ummer, there a re free . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cu ltu re) events i n the park , i n c l ud i ng a modern dan ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (perform) .
3. The you n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (mus i c) appea red o n chat shows a s part o f a . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (pu b l i c) tou r to p romote h i s new C D .
Grammar
4. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Continuous or Past Perfect Continuous.
1. Li nda 's very t i red . She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( not get) enoug h s leep late ly.
2. You look g reat ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (work o ut)?
3. They . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (go out) for two yea rs when they dec ided to get marr ied .
5. Rewrite the sentences using the words i n brackets. Use gerunds o r i nf in itives. D o not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . I don 't t h i n k that I locked the door. ( remember)
2. At the top of the h i l l , we paused a n d adm i red the v iew. (stopped)
3. Don 't eat any more of the b i scu i ts ! (stop)
6. Complete the sentences. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . I read a l l afternoon . Then I fe l l as leep on the sofa .
After
2. When did you sta rt to fo l l ow a vegeta r i an d iet?
How long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
\!Yriti�g .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
7. Complete the passage with the connectors below.
for exa m p l e • moreover • desp ite
such as
Sall i e Larson l oves her job, I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . .. . . . . i ts
dangers . This Holl ywood stuntwoman has performed
hundreds of difficult stunts 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . running
through fire and jumping from a movi ng car.
3- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , she 's designed safety equipment.
4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , she created new seat belt and
helmet des igns that are w i dely used during stunts.
ogress Check �
cabul9:�Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . _ _ _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . _ _
' a tch I to 1 1 to form sentences.
- - � ..:acts emerged
: - = � :::g raphers p u rsued
- :: �� ed to foo l
- - - :: gossi ped
- - :: : vvere surrou n ded
1 1
a to m e a bout the i r other fr iends .
b . by a lot of peop le .
c . the actor i nto h i s hote l .
d . s lowly, after a l o n g i nvest igat ion .
e . me, but i t d i d n 't work .
• Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to he underl ined words.
: . e ry s u m mer, a sma l l crew performs on I D u i l d s a stage i n the pa rk .
Jon 't u nderstand you r i nfatuat ion with h i m . . ' . ny don't I do you l i ke h im so much?
- � at restau ra nt i s notor ious fo r i ts bad I g ood
=:: rv ice .
- -'l e pressu re from h i s parents ma kes Ron feel re l axed I nervous .
_ Complete the blog entry by add ing a su itable suffix to the words i n brackets.
- ��cessful sports stars appear in adverts for
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (expense) watches and 2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • .1 hion) des igner clothing, and are photographed at
_ . hh parties wi th famous 3· . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . (music)
--�d actors. There are often articles about their
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (luxury) homes and yachts, as well
_ about their occasionally 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (outrage)
"""ehaviour. It sometimes seems that they are more
_ part of the 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (entertain ) business
:.'1an the sports business. Let's start to appreci ate
-.ports stars again for their 7· .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (amaze)
;-erformances and not for the 8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (public )
:hey g ive to products or for w hat happens i n their
private l i ves .
Grammar
4 . Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . Don 't g ive the dog more t reats . (stop)
2. When d i d you sta rt to learn ka rate? (how long)
""' U nit 1
3. F i rst, I ' l l go to the bank . Then I ' l l go shopp ing . (after)
4. He l i stened to m us i c d u r i ng the f l i ght . (wh i l e)
5. Write a logical response with the words below. Use the correct form of the verbs.
1 . Here a re my keys !
I I l ook I for them I a l l day
2. i t took forever !
we I wa it I for I t h ree hours I when I we I f i n a l ly I see I the I doctor
3. I got to school l ate today.
by the t ime I I I wa l k i n I the teacher I hand out I the test
Writi�_g _ . . . 6. Complete the sentences with a su itable
connector below.
\Ill i n sp ite of � furtherrnore moreover Wll however "'
1 . A lot of peop le don 't l i ke h i m . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , I th i n k he 's very n ice .
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . she 's l ived here for ten yea rs , she 's never got used to the co l d .
3. I ' m n ot goi n g to rent that f lat . i t 's too sma l l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , there 's no v iew.
1 5
------ --·-- - - - .t
1 6
•
VOCABULARY
1 . Complete the captions \'Jith the words below.
debr i<:. • pol l ut ion • J a r'dfl l t • Vd�n
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . out?
2 Now that the ra i n has ended, it 's go ing to take a l ot of work to c lear a l l t h i s
3 What a shame that we ca n 't see m uch of the c i ty today because of the a i r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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4
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\ <;'..,l<l--��. ·.·. ' ,... _ _ _ =::e::�-.--...--... ........_ � Z,<_,fi'K8 G:�L CD !
Soon , th i s . .. . . . . . . . . . . . wi l l be covered . We ' re go i ng to b u i l d a c l ub on top of i t .
2. The fo l lowing sentences don't make sense. Make them log ica l by replacing the words and phrases in bold with the correct word or phrase in bold from a d ifferent sentence.
1 . i t i s ha rmfu l to b i rds and sea a n i ma l s to destroy
p l ast i c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Th is factory does n 't i nha b it dangerous su bsta nces beca use it was b u i l t with new " g reen " tech no logy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. G iant pandas cut down remote mounta i n a reas in C h i n a .
4 . I f we don 't ingest o u r spen d i n g , we won 't have any savi ngs l eft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Many sc ient ists a re now m a k i n g their way
to studyi ng the effects of c l imate change .
6 . My parents use u p d r iv i ng i n bad weather. I n fact, they never d r ive when i t 's snowin g .
7. Susa n a n d J i m a re st i l l devoted here . They got stuck i n traff ic , but shou ld be a rr iv i ng soon .
8 . Everyone fea rs that the h u rr icane wi l l em it
thousa nds of homes .
9 . I f we have to pay the DJ £400, we' l l avo i d most of the budget a n d won 't h ave a ny money for food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Complete the sentences with the words below.
h a l f\.Nay • fuel • ! ogg t n g • sh01 tcut
g re e n house effect • crops • banned be l l ies • voya9es • renewa b l e e n e rgy
env i ron menta l ly f n e n d !y $ l ack
1 . I had d r iven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to you r house when I rea l i sed that I h adn 't ta ken the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you had suggested .
2. The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i s c reat i ng c l i mate changes wh i ch wi l l affect the types of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that can be g rown i n reg ions of the world .
3. Severe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of food for a long per iod of t ime ca uses ch i l d ren 's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to become very l a rge .
4 . Experts ag ree that it i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to use
5. . . . . . i s . . forests here .
6 . Space . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in a l l the nat iona l
. . . . . . . req u i re a g reat dea l of
: : ....., o lete the passage with the words and : - · a ses below.
� em itted • ca rbon d iox !de "' cut dovvn
,1w n lTladf:: vvaves � harrn f u !
. _ _ · : � ears, many respected scientists have
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . by describ ing terrible
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scenarios of the future
_ 'n Earth. The only solution, they say, i s to
eo,
CO., · eo
eo
. . eo; eo, eo.
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on pollution . This would mean
. :1g the 4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of damaging
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . we produce. Most of us, of
_ - .: . don ' t even know the size of our own
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B ut a recent study of the
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . environmental i mpact of an
:-�.;c Bri t i sh c i ti zen provided some i nteresting
-:n.1tion . The study 8 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . carbon
1 Jc-produc ing act iv ities into 1 1 categories,
- _ ' .. Jing le isure, home-energy use and commuting.
-f!"ri:-.ingly, leisure activities accounted, on average,
:- .tbout one-fifth of the total carbon dioxide that i s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . by each person in B ritain. Think
- 1ut this the next time you w atch a football match in
nghtly lit stadium or go away on holiday !
5. Match I to 1 1 to form sentences.
· My computer i sn 't work i n g p roper ly. I hope it i sn 't go ing to
m i ssed the f i rst two lessons , b ut I th i n k I ' l l · There's so m uch to learn for th i s exa m . We need to
That 's a g reat i dea ! I ' l l -
When Lor i and I see sad f i l ms , we - I ' m not ta k i ng the bus home. Lee sa id he ' l l -
Most expe rts don 't expect the economy to
1 1 . . . . a . p ick m e u p .
. . . . b. brea k d own .
. . . c. brea k it down i nto sect ions .
. . . . . d . pick everyth i ng u p q u ick ly.
. . . . . . e . usua l ly brea k down at the e n d .
f . bri n g i t u p at t h e meeti n g .
. . . . . . g . pick u p u nt i l ear ly next yea r.
6. Choose the sentence that best fol lows the orig ina l .
1 . My g l asses va nished i nto thin a ir .
a . They were exactly where I had l eft the m . £0, b . 1 cou l d n 't f i nd them anywhere .
2 . Her persona l i ty brought a breath o f fresh air
to the off ice .
a . She ta l ks too m uch . b . She 's not l i ke everyone e lse .
3. The money we ra ised is a drop i n the ocea n .
a . lt was more than we expected . b . W e need t o ra i se a lot more .
4. With you r ed ucat ion , the sky's the l i m it .
a . You ca n ach ieve anyth i ng you want . b . There 's a l i m it to what you ' l l be ab le to
ach i eve .
5. Joh n 's very down to earth.
a . He 's very depressed . b . He 's easy to ta l k to .
6 . Th is p rob lem i s the t ip of the iceberg .
a . I don 't expect there to be a ny more d iff icu lt ies . b . I expect that we' l l soon face other prob lems
as we l l .
7 . Don 't m a ke a mou ntain o ut of a molehil l .
a . i t 's rea l ly not a p rob lem . b . You shou ld be more concerned .
8 . Po l l ut ion has wiped out ma ny spec ies .
a . They' re more da n gerous . b . They no longer exist .
7. Com plete the sentences. Make them true for you .
1 . One of the loca l ly g rown crops i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. I s hou ld cut down on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. I f I cou ld take a voyage a nywhere, I ' d l i ke to go
4 . I t h i n k it wou ld be easy for me to p ick up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. The last th i ng of m i n e that broke down was
6. My worst nightmare i s that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. I was brought up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U n it 2
17
1 8
GRAMMAR
1 . Choose the sentence that best fol lows the orig inal .
1 . You shou ld have been there ! a . lt was a fa ntast i c concert . b . I 'm su re you ' l l enjoy i t .
2. I m i g ht l eave my phone at home . a . Now I 'm sorry tha t I haven 't got it w i th me . b . I don 't th i n k I ' l l need i t .
3. They m i g ht have m i ssed t he tra i n . a . I f they h u rry, they' l l catch i t . b . I f they d id , they' l l be on the next one .
4 . We cou l d have he l ped them . a . I wonder why they d i d n 't ask us . b . I wonder if they' l l a sk us to he lp .
2 . Write a sentence to describe each picture with the words be(ow. Use a moda( or moda( perfect, affi rmative or negative. There may be more than one correct answer.
r .
tf M a rk I l eave I the keys i n the door
3
they I be I de l i g hted
we I get I here I so late
3. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the moda ls or moda l perfects and the verbs in brackets. Use the affirmative or negative.
1 . We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (need I br i ng) u mbre l l as with us . lt hasn 't ra i ned at a l l today !
2. I 'm go i ng to be l ate ! I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(shou ld I wake u p) a n hour a g o !
3. A l l these j ean s a re on sa le , s o I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (m igh t I buy) two pa i rs .
4 . Keith looked better w i th l onge r ha i r. He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (shou l d I cut) i t .
5 . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wou l d I take) the bus, but it l eft as I a rr ived .
6. Lucy's got a bad case of food poiso n i ng . The f i sh at the resta u rant . . ( must I be) off .
7 . Joe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cou l d I repa i r) my computer, so I ca l l ed a tec h n ic ia n .
4. Choose the correct answer.
Zero Rubbish
Some peop\e \ hav e to \augh I must \augh I must have laughed when Frank Schiavo decided, about
25 years ago, that he was going to try to reduce the
amount of rubbi sh he produced. B ut nobody 's laughing
these days. In fact, we now 2· have to give I had to give I must have given Schiavo credit for being one of the
first to adopt a "zero-rubbish" l i festyle.
The former environmental studies lecturer knew long
ago that one of the ways we 3· can't reduce I can reduce I could reduce our personal carbon footprint
is to cut down on our rubbish . That means foll owing
what some environmentali sts call "the three Rs":
Reduce, Recycle and Reuse. Reduce your purchases.
recycle anything possible and reuse food waste to
make compost. In addition, environmentali sts insist on
repairi ng or donating i tems that you -+ can 't recycle I shouldn't recycle I could have recycled.
Schiavo succeeded in reduci ng the amount of rubbish he
5 · should have thrown I would have thrown I must have thrown into the b in . After following a
zero-rubbish l ifestyle for 1 6 years, a typical month 's
worth of his rubbi s h 6· must fit I might fit I could fit i nto
a small paper bag.
bout
mg �ive
g
pri nt
on
h he
. into
- : �:e the sentences with the correct : " should or had better, affi rmative or
; : : . e. There may be more than one correct
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . wea r that co lou r more ofte n . � ; ·eat on you .
• - -= s havi ng a heart attack ! We . . . . . . . . ca l l a n a m b u l ance i mmed iate ly !
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . use a ny of my th i ngs wh i le
_ _ or I ' l l be very a n g ry.
: � at I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eat so m uch j u n k
� · te the sentences with the medals i n .: :: : ets. D o not change the orig ina l mean ing
: ... e sentences.
_ � _. � u got a pen for me to borrow? (can )
: : . :: :e r i n th i s rive r i s too po l l uted for us to � ustn 't)
: = � 3 ole that J eff d i d n 't rece ive the message . ; - : � ot)
- - -= ·:: s no need for J u l i e to he l p me cook for the _ :: -:_. (not h ave to)
:: : _J bt that story is rea l . (can 't)
-Complete the sentences. Make them true :::>r you.
• -= · : yea r, I m i ght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
. ' _. parents t h i n k I shou ld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ' _ . f r iends had bette r not . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- = ::op le my age ca n 't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
. . llen I was you nger, my pa rents shou ld have
- :... : weekends, I don 't have to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-_ast yea r, I shou ld have . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. Correct the errors.
1 . I don 't see Emma here . She m ust l eave .
2. I ' m not su re who's s i ng i ng that song . lt m igh t have been Madon na .
3. The pres ident shou ld has beg u n worry i ng about the env i ron ment yea rs ago .
4. Wou l d have Jane he l ped you ?
5. We 'd better to get petrol soon .
9. Translate the sentences.
1 . O u r cou ntry must cut down the a mo u nt of energy that we use .
2. Road safety shou ld be taught to you ng ch i l d ren to avo id road accidents .
3. You ' d bette r take t h e shortcut or you ' l l b e l ate .
4 . You shou l d n 't have brought up the subject of money.
5. Ce l i a may have broken down because of the bad news.
Grammar Review 1111�111�!Jm 1 0. Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words in brackets.
1 . O u r teacher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (work) i n the school for the past 20 yea rs .
2. We .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p lay) ten n (;<; for a n hou r before Ca ro l jo i ned u s .
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wi ndsu rf) i s a popu l a r sport i n Austra l i a .
4. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (shou ld I go) on ho l iday last month when the pr i ces were lower.
5. Th i s m i l k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (sme l l ) off .
(f• U nit 2
l 1 9 ---
20 -
READING
1 . Read the article quickly, ignoring d ifficult words. T hen answer the questions.
1 . What p rob lem does the writer descr ibe?
2. What a re some of the ca uses of the p rob lem?
2. Read the text again and choose the best answer accord ing to the text.
1. The i n format ion tech no logy i ndu stry . . . . a . p roduces a bout 2% l ess C 02 than a i r l i nes b . generates a s im i l a r a mount of g reen house
gas as a i r l 1 nes do c . em its 2% more carbon d iox ide than the
a 1 r l 1 n e i nd ustry d . creates m uch less g reen house gas than the
a 1 r l i n e i n d ustry
2. Accord i ng to Evan M i l l s , computer data centres . . . . a . a re a mong the most energy-sav i ng faci l i t ies b . consume a g reat dea l of energy c . don 't need a l ot of e lectr ic ity d . he l p Goog le conserve energy
3. Compared to an e l ectr ic kett le , a 1 5-m i n ute Goog le sea rch . . . . a . uses more energy b. creates a bout two-th i rds more C 02 c. p roduces fewer g rams of ca rbon d ioxide d . generates 1 0 g more C 02
3. Complete the sentences accord ing to the text.
1 . By us i ng e-ma i l , we ' re ab l e to save . . . . .
2. The average B raz i l i a n consu mes a bout the sa me amount of e l ectr i c ity i n a yea r as
3. Every day, more than 200 m i l l ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Find words in the text that mean :
1. th i ngs that a re bou g ht (pa rag ra p h 1) .......... ............... ...... .
2. the ca use of a prob lem (parag ra p h 3) . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ... . ..... .
3. create (parag ra p h 4)
• • � • _) J.J � :J jj .J ,� _j · B�d. Slop Refresh Home Sea<ch Fa,.,t.te. Media Hi�"l' Mail
The Environmental Costs of Being Online •r T here's no doubt that the I nternet has got env i ronmental
benefits . E-mai l s , for i nstance, save on paper. electricity
costs for processing ord inary letters and the fuel needed
to pick up and del iver them. Onl i ne purchases mean
fewer car trips to shops. A s we i ncreas ingly get more
news and mu�ic onl i ne, energy costs of producing
and transport ing newspapers. magazines and CDs are
being reduced. A nd video-conferenci ng brings together
people who. a few years ago. couldn't have met w ithout
trave l l i ng long d istances.
But onl i ne act ivi ty itse l f has defi nitely got a carbor
footpri nt. You might be surpri sed to learn that, accordinf
to a recent study, the i nformation technology i ndustr:
em its approx i matel y 2% of the world's C02 (carbor
d ioxide) . creating about the same amount of greenhow .. c: gases as the g lobal a i rl i ne i ndustry.
The cu lprit, of course, i s the electricity needed to run the
huge server computers of Google and other data centre,
which are. says researcher Evan M i l l s . "among the mo
energ y-intensive fac i l i t ies i magi nable".
B ut w hat does t h i s mean for the average computer user
Esti mates are that every 1 5 m inutes we spend onl in�
performing a Googl e search or v iew i ng web pages c�
generate up to I 0 g of C02• This i s about two-th i rds of tl�:<
amount created by boi l ing a cup of water in an e lectr. ,
kettle. A nd players of onl i ne v i rtual-rea l ity games c .... -
u se nearly the same amount of electricity i n one year �
a typical c i t izen in Brazi l uses over the same period.
With more than 200 m i l l ion Internet searches performe _
each day, bi l l i ons of web pages being v iewed and ne · onl i ne services such as Twitter gain ing i n popul arir.
many sc ient i sh bel ieve it's t i me to find ways to cut dO\\
the I nternet \ envi ron mental cost.
�----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------�--��
ITING
= �ad the letter of com pla int below. Replace the - formal language in brackets with formal words and
- � rases.
'- · :..uiso�--t Murmy
: -:.._· :de'v1i . :. .·. 5 oul--tds r<...uords
_,; J ur�--t 5 treet
:-- -:_.-. r { ALLiso �--t} 1 ·
1 1 Pickwick IZ.oC!f.d
Corshvrm Wiltshire
7th MC!f.y :2010
� ; ; writivt3 {to teLL you C!f.bout) 2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :, -_[. type of CD pC!f.ckqgiV13 used by New5oul--tds r<...uords.
-: be:gi�--t with, I { rurLLy do�t Like) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . thvrt your compC!f.�--ty uses
:- . ... ·tic wrC!f.ppivt3s. Producivt3 J�Le.W plC!f.stic wC!f.stes . ... . .-tC!f.ble 11.VfturC!f.l resources.
: u. al--td, I ob jut to the chemicC!f.LLy-treC!f.ted type of :· .'7 :-er o�--t which the ivt.Serted booklets Cif. re priJilted c ::.uruse it is uvt.SuitC!f.ble for ruydivt3.
·. �Cif. M-Y ruord compC!f.mes Cif. re pC!f.ckqgiV13 CDs i�--t =-�per o r plC!f.stic CC!f.Ses M-V'! de of 100% ruyded .'f �v( ruydC!f.ble M-V'!teriC!f.ls. I { rurLLy thil-1.k thvrt)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New5oul--tds to do the SC!f.WLe i�--t : r-der to reduce its CC!f.rbo�--t footpri'v11: .
.' .:=Cif.�t wC!f.it to hee!f.r from you.) 5· .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.'5 iM.Cerely,) 10· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . Rewrite the sentences using para l lel structures.
B uy ing m us ic o n l i ne is cheaper than to buy C Os .
-T i m 's scooter is newer than the one Rache l has .
� Sam has got b lond ha i r, b rown eyes a n d h i s legs a re l on g .
,,. U nit 2 Your Task
Write a letter of compla int to your local newspaper about the lack of sports faci l ities in your a rea . Write 1 00-1 50 words.
WRITING A LETTER OF COMPLAINT
1 . Decide what you want to say. Th ink about the fol lowing questions:
- What effect does the p rob lem have on the peop le i n you r com m u n i ty?
- Why does it bother you persona l ly? - What act ions shou ld be ta ken ?
2 . Th ink of a way t o convince the reader that this problem is important. Which of the fol lowing sentences could be used in your letter?
1 . I l i ke sport . 2. You ng peop le who pa rt ic i pate i n sport a re
l ess l i ke ly to be bored a n d get i nvo lved 1 n cr i me .
3. Pl ayi ng sport reg u la r ly i s part of a hea lthy l i festy le .
4 . Tea m sports ma ke you fee l part of you r com m u n ity.
5. Be ing a n ath lete ma kes you more popu l a r.
3. Organ ise your ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 1 a n d the p lan below t o hel p you .
PLAN
Open i n g : State the pu rpose of you r l etter. Body: G ive i nformat ion a n d deta i l s .
Closing : Request I Dema nd act ion .
4. Write a fi rst draft.
5. Use the checkl ist to check your work . Then write a f inal draft.
./ I foLLowed the plC!f.�--t for Cif. forM-V'!l letter .
./ I used forM-V'!l LC!f.Vl3UC!f.3e .
./ I checked my 3rC!f.mM-V'!r, spellivt3 Cif.M puM.CtuC!f.tio�--t.
See Writing Guide. Stuifent's Book page 141 ;; :: 2 1
�,�,ogress Check ���"''''WC . . •I\ll. · ,•.. c.-... J/l\1
1 . Replace each word or expression in bold with a su itable expression below. Make any necessary changes.
b re a k d own <® pick up • rnake waves
c ut d own $ va n ish i nto th i n a i r • b r i n g u p
1 . S h e learned photog raphy o n h e r own , without a ny forma l t ra i n i ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Many peop le cou l d eas i ly decrease the a mount o f water they u se . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . When the boy saw h i s i nj u red p u ppy, he beg a n
to cry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . I don 't want to ca use problems, so I won 't comp la i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . The suspect seemed to disa ppear wh i l e the po l i ce were chas i ng h im . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 . Why d i d you start to talk a bout my pa rty i n front of Don na? I asked you not to !
2. Complete the passage with the words and expressions below.
carbo n footpr i nt * be l l i es • amo u nt
a d ro p i n t h e oce a n Ill re n ewab l e e ne rgy
fuel • e n v i ro n m ental ly-fri e n d l y
People w h o work out a t Central G y m i n
Hong Kong are not only trimming fat from
their L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , they' re also a
source of 2· . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that helps
provi de power to the gym. Special ly-designed
exerc ise machines capture the electrical energy
produced by exerci sers, which then becomes
� - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to power the l i ghts above
the machines. Excess energy is stored in a battery.
Of course, the 4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of energy
that 's created by these 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . workouts i s only 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . compared
to the amount of electric i ty the gym uses. B ut
researchers hope that eventual ly, human-powered
energy wi l l be much more widely and effi ci ently
captured and used. So, what could be better
than i ncreasing your fitness while reducing your
7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?
Grammar
3 . Com plete the sentences with the correct form of a modal or modal perfect and the verbs in brackets. There may be more than one correct answer.
1 . I th i n k we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ask) Lyn ne for he l p . She knows a lot a bout com puters .
2. She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p repa re) so m uch food . Nobody was very h un g ry.
3 . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ca l l ) you sooner, b ut I was busy.
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( have) some water, p l ease?
5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( l i ke) to jo in us?
6 . Nobody . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p red i ct) h i s react ion . H e rea l ly su rpr ised u s .
4 . Write sentences with t h e words below. Use the correct form of should or had better.
1 . I don 't t h i n k E l l en l oo ks good with short h a i r. She I l et I her h a i r I g row I l ong I aga i n
2. You ' l l fa i l the cou rse u n l ess you f i n ish the p roject on t ime . We I work I on I i t I today
3. Davi d 's not fee l i ng we l l . He I go I out I ton i gh t
5. Rewrite the sentence below usi ng forma l language. There may be more than one correct answer.
I rea l ly th i n k you 've got to do someth i ng rea l ly fast to solve t h is p rob lem .
6. Rewrite the sentence usi ng para l le l structures.
Recycl i n g p last i c is better t han to put it i n l a ndf i l l s .
�ogress Check l:llj [.
-o cabulary_ . . . : Jmplete the passage with the words below.
on • trend " wea lthy o h a r rnfu l
• lav1sh • p u b l i city • the sky's the l i m it
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . actors, such as George Clooney
�(mardo DiCaprio, or rich businessmen like the
� � r-.. of Google, � . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when it comes to
; a car. There 's certainly no 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of
• : of " . . . . . . . . . . . . . vehicles, e ither. B ut recently.
_ .1.l made an i nterest ing choice of a new car when
t. e re among the first purchasers of the Tesla
, :er - a new electric sports car made by a small,
- - :ndent manufacturer. This battery-powered
_ . :: produces far less 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than an
- '1c1r: petrol-powered car, and has much less of a
. . . effect on the environment. With a price
-: ; over $ 1 00,000. i t ' s unl ikely that the Tesla will -
_ _ 1.e a widespread 7 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . However, i ts
- - � ·-rit: owners certainly create good x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . � lectric cars i n general .
... Write T (True) or F (Fa lse) for each sentence. Correct the fa lse sentences.
When you i ngest someth i ng , you th row it away.
2. When you emerge, you ca n 't be see n .
3 . W h e n you a re will i ng , you offer or ag ree to someth i n g .
4 . W h e n you i n ha b it a p l ace, you v is i t i t .
5 . When you pursue someth ing , you fo l l ow it .
o . When someth i n g i s a breath of fresh a ir,
i t 's good for the env i ron ment .
Grammar
3 . Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . I ' m su re that Sam is d i sappoi nted . (must)
2. I reg ret not b r i n g i n g my i Pod with me . (shou ld )
3 . Jeff p l a n ned to a rr ive ea rl ier, but there was a lot of traffi c . (wou ld )
4 . Th i s i s h is f i rst teach i ng job . (before)
5. When d i d you f i rst beg i n to study envi ron menta l sc i ence here? (how long)
6 . S i r, park i ng i s n 't a l lowed here . (had better)
4. Complete the sentences with a log ica l end ing . Pay attention to the words in bold.
1 . Dave l i kes to watch TV and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
2. There a re many ways to conserve water. For
i nsta nce, we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . I have to t idy my room every week . In a d d it ion ,
I have to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . Sa l ly especi a l l y l i kes B ri t i sh ban ds such as . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. F ly in g in a p l ane i s faster than . . . . . .
�· U n it 2
6 . The serv ice at th is resta u ra nt is temb le . H owever,
i I l ..
r .. ..
1 2 3 L
24
VOCABULARY
1 . Match I to 1 1 to form sentences.
1 . I ' m su re that Ben has read my e-ma i ls
2. J ake had a prob lem with the computer
th is morn i ng ,
3 . I know you ' re upset beca use
4 . He was re l i eved
5. He taught me how to keep my com puter safe
6. You have to enter a password
7 . Oh , no ! What a m I go ing to do?
Th i s message says
8. He f i na l l y tu rned off the telev is ion
1 1 . . . . . . . . . a . when you l o g o nto th i s website .
. . . . . . . . . b . you r job i ntervi ew d i d n 't turn out wel l .
. . . . . . . . . c . a n d he lped m e t idy u p the f lat .
. . . . . . . . . d . even though he 's den ied i t .
. . . . . . . . . e . that he had n 't acc identa l ly deleted
h is work .
. . . . . . . . . f . that a l l my fi les have been
permanent ly removed .
. . . . . . . . . g . but he restarted it and eve ryth i n g 's
f ine now.
. . . . . . . . . h . a nd prevent other peop le f rom
see ing what's on i t .
2 . Complete the captions with the verbs below.
expose • l a u nch • crawl • I E'an • crash
3 Oh, no ! P lease, p lease don 't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
now ! My report 's due in the morn i ng !
4 Our market research
shows that the t ime is
r ight to . . . . . . . . . . . . .
the new TOP phone .
5 \ I '\ Please don 't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on my ca r.
'
: - :) ete the d ia logue with the words and _ - ... :: s es below.
• ava i la b l e .wi user-fr ie 11 d ! y
• g oog i e ll' access ,'orkmg s ites • portab le
� a n : \1ay I help you ?
· ". ;: ... . please . I ' m l ooking for a new computer.
=- : to be lightweight and I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , · . _ _ _ ,e I want to be able to take it to cafes .
an : I think you should consider a netbook.
- - � · �1 1 ::- i f you're going t o u s e i t mainly t o go
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to 3 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . people or visit
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . , such as Face book. We ' ve got
:-: Jl mode l s 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that are all smaller,
� - .\ c igh and cost less than a typical laptop. --
_ _ · re also very 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - there's nothing
. -- p! icated to learn . Just turn it on and you can
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the I nternet wherever there ' s a
.,. -: , c .., '> COnnection.
· :- n : Do netbooks come with H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : · _;rJms, like the latest version of Office ?
� m a n : No . You have t o b u y those separately.
• � n : OK. A netbook sounds perfect. Let me see
-.. i � you ' ve got . . . .
- ::'loose the correct answer. Pay attention to the ... 'lderlined words.
- ::mp loyees use cars I com puters from the
: : ""' pany's f leet.
_ - � 2 Olympic ath letes entered the sta d i u m ,
: . e a ring I carrying poles with the f lags of the i r
: : .. ntr ies . - = : c safety, a fence was bu i lt over I aro u n d the
: ::;o l .
- - o u rgla r stole I delivered ten la ptops yeste rday.
�ad a sudden u rge to eat meat, so I
o rdered a ha m burger I beca me a vegetaria n .
= = ana keeps a l l her im porta nt pa pers I T-shirts
� a fo lder.
· . 1y mus ic f i l es a re organ i sed on my com puter I
n CD boxes . -
-1 1 s software comes with a tutor i a l that provides
a discou nt I instructions .
!"'' U nit 3
5. Complete each sentence with the adjectives below.
pre.sstnq � aff l uent ;} c lose- u p " oveq oyed
1 . Steve was pol ite, but he wasn 't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to see
me .
2. A lot of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h i g h-tech execut ives have
expens ive homes i n th i s ne ighbou rhood .
3 . We have severa l . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . top ics to d i scuss, but
the most u rgent i s the book fa i r.
4. I ca n see eve ry deta i l of the bee i n the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Complete the sentences with a su itable col location. Use the verbs and nouns below.
Verbs:
• �Jownload
� enter
*> forwar d
Nouns:
• your password
• an attachment • a song
• i nformation
• a rnobi le phone
1 . You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . when i ts battery is low .
2. You have to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in order to access
some websites .
3 . When you want to send a docu ment or photo to
someone, you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . it someti mes ta kes a long t i me to
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . onto a computer.
5. When you add someth ing to you r Facebook page,
you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and suitable prepositions.
1 . Sa l ly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . me . . . . . . . . . . . ( rem ind) you .
2. I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (app ly) f ive jobs last week .
3 . When d i d you fi rst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hea r) th i s ?
4 . He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (depend) h i s pa rents for money.
5. I 've . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (th i n k) the perfect present for her.
8. Complete the sentences. Make them true for you.
1 . My favou r ite social-network i n g s ite i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. I recently googled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. If I were affl uent, I wou ld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Someone once forwarded me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. I bought a n amaz ing device that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 5
2 6 1
GRAMMAR
1 . Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the passive.
1 . The phone .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (shou ld I
cha rge) for 1 2 hours before you use i t .
2 . Tickets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (se l l ) next week
3. S 1 nce the band put the 1 r latest song on l i ne,
1t . . . (down load) by
thousa nds of fa ns .
4 . Th i s photo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (must I take)
in the wi nter. Look at the snow !
5 . By the t ime we comp leted the su rvey, 1 t
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (a nswer) by 420 peop le .
2. Write a log ica l continuation with the words in brackets. Use the passive form of the verb.
1 . I 've j u st received an e-ma i l f rom Amazo n .
( m y package I del iver I next week)
2 . I d i d n 't eat anyth i ng at the pa rty.
(a l l the food I eat I by the t 1me I I a rrive)
3. The i nv itat ions a re fi n a l ly addressed .
(they I not I send out I yet)
4. You can check tomorrow's weather.
(forecasts I g ive I on several webs ites)
3. Com plete the sentences with the correct active or passive form of the verbs below. Use each verb on ly once .
l a u nch • cornp lete • cons ider pr0duu" • be l i eve
1 . By 1 1 . 30 yesterday, everyone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
the exa m .
2 . l t . once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that the
wor ld was f lat .
3 . J u n k food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to be u n hea lthy.
4. New p rod ucts . . . . . .. often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
with pub l i c i ty campa igns and free samples .
5 . The computer game she des ig ned .
now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . by a major games compa ny.
4. Rewrite the sentences i n Exercise 3 by complet ing the sentences below. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . The exa m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
2 . People
3. Experts .
4 . Compa n ies
5. A major games company . .
5. Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
B EC O M I N G FAM O U S ON YO UTU B E When Jawed Karim, one of YouTube's founder�.
t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (post) the fi rst v ideo there
on 23rd Apri l 2005, nobody 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (could I predict) that the website would become one
of the most popular on the Internet. Each minute,
at l east 20 hours of video 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (upload) to the s i te , which �- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(buy) by Google in 2006. The selection of videos
i nc ludes fi lms, television shows. homemade mu�ic
video-;, documentaries, as wel l as some short
fi lms that 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (consider) to be
orig inal and art istic by serious critics . In addition,
many You Tube "stars" 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (create) over the past few years . These are people
whose videos 7 . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (watch)
by mi ll ions of people. Among these stars are
Matt Harding, thanks to his v ideos of h imse lf
danci ng wi th people al l over the world, and
Ryan Higa, whose v ideo "How to Be a Ninj a" I 8. .. . . . . . . . . (view ) over 20 mi l lion
times so far. Another You Tube star i s Lauren Luke,
a young E ngl i shwoman w hose popular series of
videos about apply ing make-up l ed to her own
make-up l i ne that 9· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( launch) ' i n April 2009. It's thi s unpredi ctable variety of
v ideos that keep peopl e hooked on YouTube !
· = •.. � i te the sentences using two passive _ ::t u res.
- - -: . -� us ing computer a n i mat ion to make the
-= . , e-ma i l the concert tou r dates to
- -=- ' . Ji1e next week .
- � -.- �one sent me f lowers on my b i rthday.
- � = :: 'Ls bel ieve that I n ternet add i ct ion is a
; = :. ng prob l em .
: -:: = o e th i n k h i s v ideos a re very enterta i n i n g .
- - omp lete the e-mai l with the correct causative : orm of the verbs below. T here may be more : 1 a n one correct answer.
• msta l l • put on • made il!l de l iver
- _ o n , - - a n ks for the e-m a i l ! I 'm g la d you fi n a l ly
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a n I nternet con nect ion
;�-16[EJ,
·-......
I I i ! i
� b u sy th ese d ays - a n d n ot o n ly with studying. ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . my h a i r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the other j �: ;��:�;�da� I '� tak1 n g ��:
���::bike t: ��� . 1
, ' , 1 i l e that's bei ng done, l 4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a n extra l .::: � of keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to my flat, so you can ! - a ve a set when you v is it next week. j ! � , hen yo u c�me, we s
5hou ld i nvite friends over, rent j
:::: couple of f1 l m s a n d · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . b u rg ers a n d 1 : rt i ps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I i
J :ee you i n a few d ays!
� n gie
8. Correct the errors.
1 . The dec is ion has a l ready be made .
2 . At the moment, passwords a re been changed .
3 . The dates of the meeti ngs wi l l be sent everyone .
4 . Sorry, M rs R ivero . I 'm late beca use I 've checked
my teeth at the dent ist today.
5 . F ifty yea rs ago, th i s computer was cons idered to
was the fastest one in the wor ld .
9. Translate the sentences.
1 . A new p rod uct has j u st been l au nched for the
Span ish market.
2. Certa i n expens ive items ca n be bought on ly by
affl uent peop le .
3 . Nobody u nderstood why a l l those photos had
been de leted .
4 . These i mages shou l d n 't have been removed from
our website .
5 . USB f lash d rives a re sa id to be q u ite affordab le .
Grammar Review IIJD _ _: ' , , . .. . . . . . . . . . . . ... .
1 0. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 . We were met by fr iends who
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wa it) for us for an hour.
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (sk i ) is a popu l a r sport .
3 . We d i d n 't l i ke the resta u rant that G i na
recom mended . We . . . .
(shou ld I go) to a d ifferent p lace .
4 . The book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( review) i n seve ra l
newspapers last week .
5 . That g i r l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( l oo k) fa m i l ia r.
<r U n it 3
2 7
READING
1 . Read the fi rst sentence i n each paragraph in the text. In which paragraph do you th ink you wi l l find the fol lowing information?
1 . whether I nternet add i ct ion is cons idered an
off ic ia l d i so rde r . . . . . . . .
2. some s igns of I nternet add ict ion
3 . what needs to be cons idered when mak i ng
a d iag nos i s o f I nternet add ict ion . . . . . . . . .
4 . why Ben Alexander was in a treatment
centre . . . . . . . . .
5. how I nternet add i ct ion d iffers from some
other add i ct ions
2. Now read the entire text and check your answers.
3. Complete the sentences accord ing to the text.
1 . Menta l -hea lth profess iona l s f i rst began . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
2 . South Korea a n d the U n ited States a re among
4 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . Among the s igns of I nternet add i ct ion NOT
ment ioned is . . . .
a . spend i ng money o n l i ne
b . neg l ecti ng respons i b i l i t ies
c. depress ion
d . soci a l i s i ng o n l i ne o n ly
2 . The most i m portant facto r to cons ider when
mak i ng a d i ag nos is of I n ternet add ict ion is . . . .
a . the amount of t ime spent on l i ne
b . t he i m pact on l i ne or gam ing activ it ies has
on someone 's l i fe
c . a person 's favou r ite o n l i ne act iv i t ies
d . whether someone uses the I nternet at work
5 . Find words in the text that mean the opposite of:
1 . pay attent ion to (pa rag raph 1 )
2 . not enough (pa rag raph 2)
3. loses (pa rag raph 3)
4 . suffer i ng (parag raph 4)
I n t e r n e t A d d i c t i o n Do you neglect respon sibil ities whenever you have t�· =
urge to spend time onl ine? Do you feel depressed
you ' re away from a computer game for too long? Do ::.
l ie about the amount of time you spend online? Is ye �
virtual social l ife more important than your real SOl life? If so. they may be signs that you have an Inten .:
gaming or computer addiction - now commonly caL :
Internet addiction .
Since the mid- 1 990s. when the problem first begar
be widely discussed among mental-health professioP.
compari sons have been made between e xce�
computer use and addictions to gambling, drug -..
alcohol . There are differences, though. especial l .
Internet addiction doesn ' t usual ly invol ve losing me .
or pose an imminent threat to one ' s physical health.
Moreover, many experts say that an I nternet addi ...
diagnosis shouldn ' t be based mainly on the amour·
time devoted to the activity. Instead. they say, what ·
be examined is the negative effect the activity h"'
someone's l ife . Someone who stays home from s�.. or a j ob in order to remai n online, for instance. or gai ns emotional satisfaction only from their gami� = vi rtual social l i fe. shou ld be considered an addict .
Internet addiction is not yet accepted as a mental di ,
by the American Psychiatric Association or . :
professional organ isations elsewhere (though it ma:
gain official recognition in China) . Despite this . ...
range of treatments is already available for it, inc'
rehabilitation programmes in South Korea, Chir _
USA and other countries. Critics may point to � proof that addiction specialists are already benc: :
from creating a new group of patients to treat.
But that probably doesn' t matter to sufferers l ike 1 '-old Ben Alexander who. in September 2009. Web :· _ patient at ReSTART, a treatment centre in the C: -
didn't finish u niversity because of his i nabi l it::. .
the amount of time he spent playing the vide _
World of Warcraft. Hopefu lly. ReSTART wir -
Ben to regain control of his l ife .
ITING
- : :lse the correct connector.
: : : a t I Due to I In order to get a n i Phone at a
� '"' : , you have to show you r student I D .
:: ::: � . Jys l iv i ng here . Therefore, I D u e t o I Beca use
- · � J: su re that she wa nts to attend u n ivers ity
· -2 -e e l se .
= Yle of the n icest peop le I know. As a resu lt, I
: :: : :: J s e I For this reason, I ' d l i ke to i n trod uce
: - 1 o u r s i ster.
- : : apostrophes where necessary. - :: .: = �s fur i s wh ite, but i ts ta i l is b l ack .
:: __, hea r the peoples screams? Theyre so f r ig htened .
::: . J J r jacket . Its bea utifu l .
: _ � plete the opin ion essay with su itable connectors. - � �e may be more than one correct answer.
�o M�k Suj1� 0mi�? • ·· . • 1' ww re busi�s is be.i113 coYUiucte.d ovtli�-te-, from ::.• to booki113 tmvd tickets. While. wutM,y people.
- : · --· treYUf, I thi11k it twrs dis�dwrM,tqges for the - , .�:::.. r .
� : : --= :'l l , � credit or debit c�rd is usu�Lly 11e-ede.d
. . . . . wurke ovtli�-te- purctwrses. J . · . ... ,w L�ck these c�rds c��t t�ke �dvmttqge. of
·.� ::- d�Ls such �s Low-priced pl��-te- tickets.
.- t;te. �bility to priM,t bo�rdi113 p�sses or tickets ·. -. .c u preseM,te.d to coruume.rs �s �11.- �dv�M,tqge. -
.: · :.__· �Lso �11.- iJ.tC.011.-VemeJ.tC.e 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . it costs us - .' . ·.d ww �-te-y for the il1k �ytt;{ p�pe.r.
.- - · . o vtli�-te- orders �re ofteM, difficult to CM11!fe., .. _ .'.:tome.r service. is 11-at �Lw�ys r�dily �v�il�ble. .
. . . . . . . . . , some. people �re �-te-rvous �bout wurki113 .:. :-:.t.rctwrses.
· . . ->, l l , I do11.-'t thi11k ttwrt coruume.rs who do their ··.:..:s o vtli�-te- �re �Lw�ys tr�ted well . Coruume.rs
- ·7 �e.t comp�mes k11-0w whe11.- they do11.-'t Like this -- · -:: ·-vice �ppro�ch.
\ \ ' \ \ - - t
��� U n it 3
Your Task Write an opin ion essay about the fol lowing statement: Using a mobile phone in public
venues is impolite. Write 1 00-1 50 words.
W RITING AN OPINION ESSAY
1 . Make sure you understand the issue.
2. Decide if you agree or d isag ree with the statement.
3. Bra instorm ideas you can use to support your
opin ion. Look at the points below. Which
cou l d be u sed by someone who a g rees
with the statement a bove? W hich cou l d be
u sed by someone who d isagrees?
- ig nor i n g peop le when us i ng mob i le phones
- same as ta l k i ng face to face
- loud mob i le-phone r i ngtones
- l it screens d i stu rb
- acceptab le behaviour today
4. Decide which ideas to include in your essay. Th ink of facts, deta i ls and examples to support you r arguments.
5. Organise your ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 3 a n d the p l a n below to hel p you .
PLAN
Ope n i n g : Present the issue and you r op i n ion .
Body: Present reasons, facts a n d exa mp les t o support y o u r op i n i o n .
Clos i n g : Restate you r op i n ion a n d I or make suggestions .
6 . Write a fi rst d raft.
7. Use the checkl ist to check your work . T hen write a f inal d raft.
.I I followed the pl�11-for �11.- opimo11.- ess�y.
.I I used co�tors of c�use. �ytt;{ result �ytt;{ co�tors of purpose..
.I I checked my _gmmwurr, spe.Llii1!J �ytt;{ p uVI£.t�tio 11.-.
.I I checked ttwrt the verbs �ytt;{ subjects qgree..
See Writing Guide, Student•s Book page 1 42 29
30
Vo,c.abulary .
. . . . .
. _. . . . .
. 1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . Don 't crawl I lean on the wa l l ! The pa i nt is wet !
2 . Luck i ly, I d i d n 't lose my work when my com puter
crashed I resta rted .
3 . The po le I fence a round ou r garden is made of
wood .
4. The password I tutorial is easy to remember.
5 . I ' m sorry, but there's no availa ble I p ressing
a ppointment today.
6 . She g rew up i n a n affl uent I u pdated fam i ly, so
she never had to worry about money.
2. Complete the sentences with a su itable preposition. Pay attention to the words in bold .
1 . Some packaged foods seem to consist ma in ly
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . chemica l s .
2 . We' re goi ng to stay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a hotel r ight
on the beach !
3 . I l i ke C ha r les, but I wou l dn 't depend
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h i m for a nyth i ng i mportant .
4 . You forgot to rem i n d me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sue 's
b i rthday.
5 . Kate a pp l ied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . her provis iona l
d riv i ng l i cence yesterday.
3. Com plete the sentences with the words and phrases below.
turn out • f l eet • urge • deny • access de lete
1 . When some ex-smokers get the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
for a c iga rette, they chew g u m .
2 . Don 't worry. Everyth i ng wi l l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
perfect ly.
3 . You shou ld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t h i s sentence from
you r essay. it 's u n necessa ry.
4. I h ave no i dea why I can 't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the
I n ternet at the moment .
5 . D i d he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that he had been cheat i ng?
6 . They offer good pr ices on a l l the cru ise sh ips i n
t h e i r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grammar
4. Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive.
Urban legends - those scary or weird stories that
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (say) to be true but aren ' t
have been around for a long time. In the 1 800s in
England, for instance, rumours 2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( spread) of the existence of a man who
J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( refer) to as Spring-Heeled
Jack. He had a terrifying appearance and could jump
very high. S ince the mid- 1 930s, tales
4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (tel l ) of al l igators l iving in the
sewers under New York City. Nowadays , urban l egends
5 · . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (make) their way around the
world with the c l ick of a mouse. In recent years,
mil l ions of people 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( read) that
certain tight j eans can ki l l the wearer and that
poisonous spiders often 7· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( l ive)
in passenger j et bathrooms . Both of these stories are
false . But even if we know that urban legends are
untrue, many of us sti l l enjoy reading them. They 've
even become the subject of research for some folklore
special i sts who keep a close eye on the Internet to learn
which are "going v iral" - that is, which urban l egends
8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (read) by and forwarded to
mil l ions of people.
Wr � t-� � g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Complete the sentences with a su itable connector of cause, result or purpose. There m ay be more than one correct answer.
1 . A lot of cafes offer free wi re less I nternet access
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i t attracts customers .
2 . Meg can 't ea t suga r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , she has to
read food labe ls ca refu l ly.
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a com puti ng error, the J anua ry
e lectr ic ity b i l l s were i n correct .
6. Choose the correct answer.
1 . H i s friend 's I fr iends' jacket is very expensive.
2. lt's I Its goi ng to ra i n soo n .
# U n it 3
� gress Check Un1ts •
abulary
- - -plete the sentences with the words and - : .. essions below.
.. ., landfnis • emerged • devices J • d e l ete i� foo l
d m o u nta i n out of a moleh i l l
r ' iceberg "" sooa l - network ing s ites -= :::omb i nat ions of com puter keyboa rd keys
- = - :e used as q u ick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to
- _ ::: � . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . text .
_ - - ::: , .. -: unate ly, computer seams and hoaxes
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a lot of people,
_ � �1e seams we know about a re on ly the
-= :, facts a bout the bus inessma n 's cr imes have
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i n recent days, a n d
_ _ � s about h i s pr ivate l i fe have a l so been
e phones, computers and other e lectron ic
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shou l d n 't be d i sposed of
- � � k that those who say it 's dangerous to meet
: -= ::: a le through . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a re
-ornplete the passage with the verbs below. - ere may be more than one correct answer.
tc"fd <® post "" take Cl catch
things so fast online that we don ' t always stop to
· before we I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . an e-mail containing a
k.e to a friend or 2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . new messages or
- . �: .:--.. on our Facebook page . Next time, pause for a
...,.... .: nt . Is your friend studying so much that he I she
r;..1rdly 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . his I her breath? Then you
_ !Wt want to bother him I her with an unnecessary
- - - L. Did you -+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a photo o f someone that
_;1t embarrass them? Then perhaps i t 's better not to
- -· t on your Facebook page, as i t 's difficult to know - \\ i l l 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . sight of i t . Remember: think
- _: 1re 1 ou cl ick.
Grammar
3 . Complete the sentences so that they have a sim i la r mean ing to the orig ina l . Make any necessary changes .
1 . Have you watered the p lants?
Have the p la nts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . This i s the fi rst ti me I 've eaten Tha i food .
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. We got to the concert after it beg a n .
?
The concert . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs i n brackets.
I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . blog identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
( should I be) private? That 's the question many people ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . (ask) since Augtist 2009. A j ttdge
in New York 3 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( make ) Googl e
reveal the name o f a b logger who, in o n e o f her blog
entries, -+ . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( insult) model Liskula
Cohen. M any people 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (anger) by
this decision, which 6· . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . (consider) to
be a threat to free speech. "I 7 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( would I agree) with the j udge 's verdict, but the b logger
11· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not threaten) Cohen in any way,"
said one New York l awyer. But other peopl e celebrated
the j udge 's decision as a reminder that people
9· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( should not I allow) to write
whatever they want anonymously. What 's your opinion
on the matter?
Writi;ng . . . .. . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. Rewrite the run-on sentences below with
suitable connectors. Make any necessary changes. There may be more than one correct answer.
1 . I want to go on ho l i day th i s s u m mer, I need to
ea rn some money.
2 . We took u mbre l las, it d i d n 't ra i n .
3 . I was upset, I was a lso embarrassed .
3 2
VOCABULARY
1 . Complete the puzzle using the clues below.
Across ..
1 . stay in the same p lace
4. speak i n an extremely soft vo i ce
6 . look at i ntent ly for a per iod of t i me
7. cause someth ing to ha ppen
Down • 2 . move c loser
3. smel l bad
5 . keep someth i ng for the futu re
6. move one 's hand gent ly on someth i ng
4 w
J s
1 r
2. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below.
1,/\/e i rd ll)• a ! ! t l ·l e rag.e 1 . The exerc ise c lass was too . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
for me. I ' l l have to f i nd a n eas ier one .
2 . I don 't l i ke h i gh heels , even though they ' re
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . now.
3 . I n struct ions m ust be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. She sa id some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . th i ngs to
me l ast n ight . She 'd bette r apo log ise .
5 . That story is too . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to be t ru�
6 . The bakery i s fu l l of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ca kes
and b iscu its .
3. Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to the underl i ned words.
1 . Th i s pattern smells I loo ks great .
2 . Th is song I book has no rhyth m .
3 . Res i dents com p l a i n about the b a d I loud
odours from the factory.
4. My on ly pu rchase was a l a ptop I toothache
5 . There 's a new exh i b it I ' d l i ke to eat at I see.
6. I love the scent of lemons, a lthough I don 't I · :: to eat I smell them.
4. Make as many logical pa irs by combin ing t r eadjectives and nouns below.
Nouns: Adjectives: sk in
l1> rnate r ia l
smooth noise
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 .
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
8 . 9.
1 0 . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- - : ete the passage with the words and phrases below.
�· Cllll i - The Fifth Taste _ . ·'' be categorised into four categories: sweet, sal ty, sour and 1 · . • • • • • • But now, any
l i st must include a fifth taste - umami . This refers to the rich and 3· . . . • . . . . . . . . . . taste some
. ?.mnesan cheese, have.
· : r-;t identified in the early 1 900s by Japanese researchers who traced its source to seaweed, long
-_ l c '>c cooking to give extra -1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to food. U mami cookery i s 5 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . these days,
111.. :·. e n have heal th benefi ts . For instance, people can 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . umami to lower their salt
1 1 1 ,... �· •\ er, people who eat u mami-rich diets tend to eat fewer calories. The reason for this i s believed
_ -�.uni-poor food leaves people di ssati sfied, which wi l l 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . the desire to eat more.
-,. = .:o l l owing sentences don't make sense. Make them logical by replacing the phrasa l verbs in bold 11'' · '"I : he correct phrasa l verb in bold from a d ifferent sentence. Make any necessary changes.
· � at those old photos started up a lot of happy memor ies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
� = - Jol set off a website l ast yea r.
·· e started over as a pa i nter, but for the past 3 0 yea rs , he 's done ma i n ly scu l ptu re .
<e my d rawi n g i n a rt c lass, so I dec ided to set up .
= _ J no i se brought back the a l a rm . .
- � � o set Pa u l back to the pa rty ton i g ht . I th i n k he ' l l have fu n .
-= � :a rted out her f i rst bus i ness when she was 1 5 yea rs o ld . .
· -= - � "'e ten n i s sta r broke her a n k l e, i t brought he r a long , a n d she d i d n 't w in a match for over a yea r .
.: : e h each sentence in I with a log ical continuation in 1 1 . Pay attention to the underl i ned words.
1 1 � � ores everyth i n g I say.
-= :: '2 1y agree about pol i t ics .
··· oved ab road th ree yea t·s ago .
· � s to l ea rn not to treat people so rude ly.
- = - � a stup id i dea .
- :: ·a rely eat dessert .
. . . . . . . . a . B ut we keep i n touch with each other.
b . Where 's the i r com mon sense?
. . . . c . They don 't have m uch of a sweet tooth .
d . lt j u st goes i n one ear a n d out the other.
. . . . e . Someone shou ld give her a taste of her own
med ic i ne .
f . We s im ply don 't see eye to eye .
: : � p l ete the sentences. Make them true for you .
= = � - t purchase I m a d e was
, :: � 'l a bad mood beca use . . . .
� :::: es in o ne ear a n d out the other when a d u lts te l l teens . . . . . .
- _. op i n ion , a p leasant a roma i s
_ - : 2 saw a n exh i b it of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
• ,2 to start u p a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- < i t 's d isgust i ng when . . .
- :2 stared at someone who .
U n it 4
3 4
GRAMMAR
1 . Complete the sentences with the report ing verbs befow. There may be more than one correct answer.
clerw " 'd • <.cm p l a i rlPd • adv1 Pd • r;sked v\a rnc:.u • �ugqestE. d • r m ' nded refuc,cd • \Nondert>d
1 . Sharon . . . . . . . . me why I was in a bad mood .
2 . Dav1d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . me that the meet ing was 1 n
a n hour.
3. Ma rcy . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to vol u nteer beca use she
was too busy.
4 . C a rolyn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . whether the c ity bus tou r
was worth ta k i n g .
5 T h e boy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eat i ng a l l t h e b iscu its .
6 The secu r ity gua rd . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . u s not to lean
over the fence.
7 . She . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . that the f i l m was bor i n g .
8 . Steve . . . . . .
resta u ra nt .
. try ing t h e new Mex1 can
9. My dad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . me to p r i nt two copies of
my app l i cat ion .
2. Com plete the sentences in reported speech .
1 . " it 's f i ne . I ' l l let you borrow my ca mera for the
weekend . "
Sara agreed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . me borrow her
camera for the weekend .
2 . " I prom 1se that I won 't te l l a nyone . "
Ma rk prom ised that he . . . . . . .
a nyone .
3. " Where a re you go ing ? "
She wondered where I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. " I 've been wa i t i ng here for you for a n hou r ! "
Robert comp la i ned that he . . . . . . . . . . .
there for me for a n hour.
5 . " I may travel to London next weekend . "
M i ra n da ment 1oned that she
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to Lon don the fo l l owi n g
weeke n d .
6 . " I 've f i n a l ly m a d e a decis 1on . "
Jason to l d me that he .
7 . " You shou ld add more sa lt . "
Dan ny suggested . . . . . . . . . . more sa lt .
3. Complete the sentences in reported speech .
1 . He adm itted that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I 'm havi n g my d r iv i ng test today.
2 . He to ld me . . .
Who's been wea ri ng my c lothes? 0
3. Lucy demanded to know .
I ' l l he lp you when the p rog ram me's f i n ished .
4 . Joe sa i d he
5 . He sa id .
:; ewrite the sentences i n reported speech . -l'lere may be more than one correct answer.
. · 'l at t ime is i t? " L ib by asked her m u m .
: _ � � ou l d tel l Sa m how you feel , " m y best
-:-- - : :;jvised me .
_. ::: '"' h ave t ime to go to the superma rket - 'llY mothe r asked me .
_ : - � s t on the g rass, " the young woman
:: =: �hem .
• ::: - � have enough t ime to f i n i sh the work, "
: : - :: :: - :; comp la i ned .
- :: -_. 8'le has to write a n essay about the
he teacher exp l a i ned .
: : ..,..p lete the e-mai l with the correct form of - - e rbs in brackets.
: - :o Ben S m ithson at the hospita l tod ay.
- � : J r<ed pretty u p set. He told me that h e
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (v is it) h i s cou s in , who h a d
- - :ected cut o n her foot. I asked h i m h o w that
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ha p penL a nd h e exp l a i n ed
- :: - :: few d ays before, she 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
on bro ken g l a ss on the beach a n d
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not feel) i t . I a s ked h ow
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (co u l d I not feel ) it . He
� � : 3 · n ed that she was born with a ra re genet ic
: � :: -d er that made it i m poss ib le for her to feel pa in .
- � � so poi nted out that it 6 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- ::a n) that she d i d n't a l ways know when she was
- . _ red or i l l . I a s ked w hether there
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) a ny c u re for the d i sorder,
= - .::: Ben sa id that resea rchers 8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 3 ke) p rog ress in u n de rsta n d i ng it, but that he
: �J thought it 9· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) q u ite a
: - g t ime before a c u re was fo und.
eep yo u posted.
- - n ie
6 . Correct the errors.
1 . Bess to ld to me that she used to p lay the gu ita r .
2 . I asked my s i ster that if I cou l d borrow her coat .
3 . They wondered whether d i d I l i ked horror f i lms .
4. Sam suggested that we ate at a resta u ra nt .
5. The l ifegua rd warned us d i d n 't swim there .
7. Translate the sentences.
1 . T i m exp la i ned that that song a lways brought
back happy ch i l d hood memories .
2 . Some customers wanted to know where that
p leasa nt smel l came from .
3 . I to l d Ang i e not to bother me because I was i n a
bad mood .
4. M u m a dv ised Dad to approach h i s boss about a
ho l i day.
5. They warned me not to wa l k a lone at n i ght i n
that c ity.
Grammar Review lllill���t�� 8. Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets .
1 . " You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (shou ld I let) Dave
dr ive you r car l ast n ig ht, " my father sa i d .
2 . He comp la i ned that t h e resea rch h e
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (do) for t h e past yea r was
becom ing bor i n g .
3 . Jeffrey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( learn) t o sa i l s i nce
J u ne and is a bout to buy a boat .
4. Katie ca l led and sa i d that they
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not beg i n ) d i n ner unt i l we
got there . it 's n ice that they' re go ing to wa it for
us .
5. We . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (s it) i n the dark for an
hour by the t ime the e lectr ic ity came back o n .
e U n it 4
3 6
-
READING
1 . Scan the text and f ind the fol lowing information:
the yea r the tc u r a m i occu rred . .
2 . the 1 u rrber of cou t�tnes af,.ected
3 p laces r n dat�ge r of ea rthq uakes .
2. Read the text and choose the correct answer.
n r:::. e enha rt rv ent ronrd r n the a rt rc le . . . cl trade r,ogc, ne rVOU) h . + rd _.rom :he beach J U St after the tsu na rl r c was <..eer f lee i ng to tile beaL 'l d . left �'le heach rlO'nentc; before the tsu n a m r
2 So'TH r W rra l s a re very se'ls r t ve to subt le -.:nv ror vncnta l c 'la ngec; bcca Jse . . .
a . thr'ly see better tha n people b . of t�e i r <;t'nnq e lectrorrag ret i c senc;es ( trley r�on 't �' ea r or sme l l we l l o . some o f the r senses a re more highly
dPve loped trdn pro J le 's sensp-;
3 . Find words i n the text that mean :
Jrldt'rstand rq c,omethr ng aftt->r it 1as occur red (pardgraph 1 J
2 . d lfd (pa ragraph 2)
3 extre'Tle ly rp rvcus (pa rag ra ph 2 )
/� . a re2<, ( pa r ag rapr 5 )
4 . Answer the questions accord ing to the text.
W�1a t was pecu l r a r a bout th:: bats' behav rou r 'l
7 -low do sorr1e pets behave before a n E:a rt 1 q uake?
� W! ld � rldppens wher" a mon key a l e rts ts g roup �o danger?
4 Why a rE se e 'lt r sts r n , a p a n a n d C h i n a study i ng : n E' bd ,�v o,a of a n rna l s in ea rthqu a ke reg ions!
After many earthquake-;, there are report-; of · 'm iracul t
an i mal �urv i val and of behm i our that, i n h i nd-.,ight see
to predict the di -.,a..,ter.
ror example. the 2004 I ndian Ocean hunam i . whicl
trigTered by an enormou..., undersea earthquake. !, more than 200.000 people i n over ten countrie..., . HO\\ _
surpri-., i ngl) fev.. \\ i ld an i m a l s pen shed. because
managed to lll c.lke it to safety. Soon <lftcr the tsL · stori es c i rculated about wei rd ani mal behavi our th� ·
heen \\ i tnes-.,ed prior to i t. i nc l udin� nocturnal bat-. ·
1 11 the dayt i me. dog" act i n g nervou sly and an eL
tlce i ng a beach . ln J apan. Cal i forn i a and other cart:.
re_?ions. pet owners often c l ai m that thei r pets r .. .
extremely agi tated prior to an earthquake .
C Jn animals . i n fact pred1ct i m pendi ng natura l c.l!'� �ot re all) . I t i -., more accurate to say that because <'
-.en-,es. c-.,peci al ly heari ng and -.mel l . some ani n
detect ' ery subt le change-, i n thei r cm i ronme r than people can . Some may also be alerted tl'
through an abi li t) to detect electromagnetic elL _
the atmosphere .
I n addit ion. man) species are known
'-Ophi -.,ti cated communicati o n system'-. which ... -
oh-,en'Cd and reacted to b) othe1 species . When c
tor instance, -,cc-, a predator and expresses a clan =- .
t o l l '- -,oc ial group . other ani mal-, w i l l react tu re .... earchcr" believe that i t i.., reasonable to a�
-., i m ! l ar i n teract ions ex 1 st when there ·s danger fn ·
di .... askr'> as v.. e l l .
H m\e\ el , despi te an i m als' apparent "earl )
system'> . many scient i st... doubt that '-.tudyi ng
i mprO\ e our abi l i ty to predict earthquake.., and ·
But a few researchers. especia l ly i n China �
disa_?ree and regul arl y moni tor ani mal
i n earthquake 1ones . The) · re convi nced :
eventua l ly prm e mvaluable i n i mprov i n g m · predict earthquake'-. and perhaps other natw ....
In the meant ime. i t wou ldn ' t hurt to keep an � .
dog o r cat.
ITING
- :J d a su itable adverb of degree and a su itable adverb : ; •requency to each sentence below. Do not use the .:...: ,.,.., e adverb more than once.
. no is com m itted to bemg a vegeta r i an , eats meat
_ _ 10p i sn 't so busy, but today 1 t 's c rowded beca use - -� sa le
- � vrite the sentences by moving the adverb or := :� ·e rb ia l phrase.
- l ly read the f 1 rst chapter beca use I ' ve been busy
� :_ed the E i ffel Tower wa l k i ng a long the street .
_ '-an a l m ost buy anyth i ng o n l i ne
nea r ly pays £800 a month for rent .
- �ad the essay below and c i rcle adjectives that :: �scri be what the writer sees, hears and smel ls . Then : ,.cle adverbs that mod ify verbs and adjectives.
.J!..U) rt:��ti� Mz,uic.etl.r iJ1- New York ·nvtny S u�VTY ciftervwo �-t L0st S eptember, I WVTS
- � 1es SquVTre, i�-t New York City, fo r "13roVTdWVTY o �-t ·"' . . -. e1y", VT free outdoor eve�-tt feVTturiMj so113s VT�
:...· fro m over 2.0 music0Ls. I usuVTLLy do �-t't e�oy . ' -:.d eve�-tts, but this 0 11.-e WVTs re0LLy wo�erfuL!
� . . �1 vtds of people, LVT�hi113 VT� t0Lki113, fiLLed the --"' ' ':. . fu festive 0tmosphere WVTS e�11-eed by . : , t-WVTteri'Y VTrOmVTS of hot dOjS V'( � rOVTSte.d 11-UtS
- . . -:�rby c0rts. Suddemy, there WVTs VT burst of Loud - � from the o rchestm, VT� the show be_gVT�-t. It WVTS
:• ,·,:VTzi'Y two hours of dmmVTtic si113i113 VT� colourfuL : . . �1 es. Sometimes, the 0udie11-ee SVT'13 VTL0113 - they
: .<y sou�ed pretty 3ood. Evwrmous spe0kers VT� - _ : - c ree�-tJ meVT I'tt thVTt vwbody missed VT tki113.
- · '-1 the L0st so113, miLLio�-tS of smVTLL, co lourfuL pieces - . . -.fetti fioVTted dow�-t o n- the crowd, VT� we VTLL CVT�ht
� : B 1 our hVf�s. It WVTS VT VVLVT_9icVTL e�i113f
· ';_ ', el'tt is VTLwVTys held i�-t September, so if you're ever -:. r\t Yo rk the�-t, do�-t't miss it!
. ., U n it 4
Your Task Write a descr iption of a school event. Write 1 00-1 50 words.
DESCRIBE A S CHOOL EVENT
1 . Thi n k of a school event you'd l i ke to write about. The fol lowing a re some poss ibi l it ies:
- a sports day
- a pa rty
- a ce leb rat ion or event for a loca l , reg iona l or
rel 1g ious ho l 1day
- a mus ica l o r theatnca l performa nce
- a c lass v 1s 1 t to a museum o r h i stor i ca l s i te
2. Th ink of aspects of the event that you can describe. Consider th ings such as:
- atmosphere - weather
sounds
tastes
aud ience
pa rt ic i pa nts
3. Thi n k of the opin ion you would l ike to express about the event. Use positive and negative adjectives, and adverbs of frequency and degree.
4. Decide which ideas to i nc lude in your essay. Organ ise your ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 3 and the p lan below to he lp you .
PLAN
Open i n g : State what the event was a n d w h e n and where 1t took p lace . G 1ve a persona l op i n i on .
Body: Descr i be the evef(t 1 n deta 1 l .
Closing : S u m up t h e event a n d you r o p i n ion .
5. Write a fi rst d raft .
6. Use the checkl ist to check your work. Then write a final d raft.
.I I foLLowed the pLVT�-t fo r VT descriptio �-t of VT�-t evel'tt.
.I I used VT t·ick VVTriety of 0djectives VT� 0dverbs.
.I I checked my jrVTWI-mVTr, speLLi113 VT� p Ul'tC-tUVTtio 11-.
.I I used 0dverbs VT� 0dverbi0l phmses co rrectly.
3 7
Y9�.�p-�J�IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . __ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 . Com plete the sentences with the words below.
f i rm • rhyt h m • odo u r • m ood
patte rn • p u rc hase
1 . The shop is g iv ing a free watch with every
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of over £20 .
2 . Don 't speak to Sa l ly today. She 's i n a bad
3. She works for the l a rgest law .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in
the c ity.
4. The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on these sh i rts resembles
f lowers .
5. The d ru m mer i n a band keeps the . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 . C iga rette smoke a lways leaves beh i nd a strong
2 . Match each sentence in I with a log ical cont inuation in 1 1 . Pay attention to the u nderl ined words.
1 . You don 't have to wh isRer.
2 . I ' m sorry I was sta ri ng at you .
3 . You ' l l have t o sta rt over.
4. Someth ing st i n ks .
5. You shou ld take advantage of everyth i ng here .
6 . We sta rted UR the company a yea r ago .
7 . Don 't be afra id to stroke h i m .
8 . I was too nervous t o aRRroach h i m .
1 1 . . . . . . . . . a . B ut i t was excit i ng t o b e i n t h e same room
as someone so famous .
. . . . . . . . . b . The sme l l i s mak ing me i l l .
. . . . . . . . . c . He 's a fr iend ly cat.
. . . . . . . . . d. You look very fam i l i a r to me .
. . . . . . . . . e . So fa r, i t has n 't been successfu l .
. . . . . . . . . f . There 's a l ot t o d o i n th i s c ity.
. . . . . . . . . g . I forgot to push the " record " butto n .
. . . . . . . . . h . Nobody e lse ca n h e a r u s .
Grammar
3. Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1 . " Where have you been ? "
M y dad asked m e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . " You shou ld try the lasagne here . "
E m i ly suggested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . " Don 't let you r dog eat chocolate . "
The vet warned us . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . " Yo u ' re i nterrupti ng m e ! "
Susan com pla i ned that I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Rewrite the sentences using the words i n brackets. Do not change t h e orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . " Have you booked you r p lane t icket? " D iana
wa nted to know. (whether)
2 . " The meat shou ld be cooked for at least an
hour, " C h r ist i ne tol d me . (advised)
3 . " I ' m not go ing to s ing i n front of everyone, "
Andrew to ld me . ( refused)
4 . " E i leen won 't be here u nt i l l ater, " Sa m i nformec
US. (to ld )
Wr���-�g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Complete the sentences with a su itable adverb .
1 . I ' m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . certa i n that the tra i n l eaves a:
2 . 00 . I 've checked the t imetab le th ree t imes .
2 . He . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . goes a broa d . I don 't th i n k he 's
been out of the country for at least th ree yea rs
3 . I ' m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a n g ry with Lau ra . She read rr _. d i a ry and to l d everyone a bout i t .
4 . My mum .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eats sa l ad , but my dad
doesn 't l i ke vegetab les at a l l .
ogress Check J
abulary
• te T (True) or F (False) for each sentence. - � ,.ect the fa lse sentences.
en someth i ng is a ccurate/ ifs correct .
. · Pn a sou n d s deafening , it ca n /t be hea rd .
· . · en someth i ng 1s ban ned, 1 t 's not a l lowed .
. . h'n someth i ng goes in one ear a n d out
:ne other/ someone 1 s payi ng attent ion .
1en somethmg i s controvers i a l / i t causes
J d i sa g reement .
!Tlplete the passage with su itable words and :: rases below.
• b , t t I rH. • d--�voteL • dPv.ce
• f,J I t • f er • shortu t.
'"toration u-.cd to he a fanta�y. But now,
· technological and medical advances, several
tt ums arc 1 • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • . • • . • . . . to working on a
· ut \\ t l l make it a real ity. This proce-.s i nvolves
: �l�c trodes i nto the eyes. and using glasses
�J \\ Ith a miniature video camera and a small
. . cal led a v ideo processor. Whatever the
. . _,t.e�o," i s sent to the v ideo processor. The video
r then tran:-.mits those signals to the electrodes,
enJ them to the brain . This system i s currently
_ : �ed on nearly 40 patients in the U SA, Mexico
• wpe. Some of the people don ' t think
I Ight \veight. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . equipment i s
L. r v • . . . . . . . . . as i t requires a lot of
�o use i t properly. But n early al l of the
c�re already ahle to see th ings they coul dn ' t see
� . l il-..e ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l ights or a 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .: ut a person or object. Researchers are defi n itely
rJged by th is and estimate that wi th i n 20 years,
1 cures for b l i ndness w i l l be readi ly 7 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
U n it 4
it� Grammar
3. Com plete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 . Resea rche rs . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be l i eve) a cu re
for deafness .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . (fi nd ) soon .
2 . For a few months / I . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . ( not
u n de rsta nd) why G i l l wasn /t respondmg to my
e-ma i l s . lt t u rned out that I . . . . . . . . .
(send ) e-ma 1 ls to her o ld address.
3. Ever s i n ce they lowered the 1 r p r 1 ces/ the i r
sa les . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( mcrease) . I n
fact, o rders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . no longer
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (take) tor some of the l aptops
beca use they a re sold out
4. Rewrite the sentences using the words i n brackets. D o not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
it �ta rted ra i n i ng yesterday morn � n g and ifs sti l l
ra 1 n 1 ng . (s i nce)
2. 1 1 How m uch d i d you r phone cost? " Jeff asked .
( Ron)
3 . Eve ryone t h i n ks that the p lan IS I m pract ica l
(thought)
4. We made a m i sta ke by not b r 1 n g i n g a bott le of
water. ( shou ld )
5. 'Tve been cons ider i ng go ing to a rt col lege / "
Debb ie sa 1 d . ( ment ioned)
Writing
5. Complete the sentences with a su itable word or phrase.
1 . You have to buy a n ew Trave lcard .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
th i s one has exp1 red .
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . get p hys i ca l ly f 1 t/ John has sta rted
go � ng to a gym .
3 He /s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i nvo lved i n h is n ew p roJect , a n d
hasn 't got t 1 m e ·for a nyth i n g e l se .
39
40
amil . VOCABULARY
1 . The fol lowing sentences don't make sense. Make them logica l by replacing the words and phrases i n bold with the correct word or phrase in bold from a d ifferent sentence.
1 . My aunt i s self-centred . 1 / m so excited that she /s
go i ng to have a baby ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . Thank you fo r everyth i ng you /ve done for me .
1 /m very jealous . . . . . .
3 . My m u m /s on ly nephew is her tw1 n b rother.
4 . He /s a n o n ly chi ld / but he /s been dat i ng
someone fo r qu ite a wh i le .
5 . The g i r l was p reg n a nt beca use everyone was
pay i ng attent ion to the baby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 . 1 / m sing le. I don /t have b rothers o r s isters .
7 . You / re g rateful . You / re n ot i nte rested i n other
peop le ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8 . I love be i ng a n u nc le . I spoi l my s i bl i ng by buyi ng
h i m a lot o f toys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to the underl i ned words.
1 . We cheered when we saw our good I bad ma rks .
2 . Susan i s a widow. Her husband I brother was
k i l led in a ca r crash .
3 . The dec i s ion I goa l was made by the referee
4. Lefs take a b rea k and go back to work I relax
5. I l i ke a l l my re l at 1ves . 1 / m l ucky to h ave such
a nice fa m i ly I n i ce neighbou rs .
6 . Spouses a re i nv1ted to the pa rty at my m u m /s
off 1ce/ so my d a d I I wi l l go with her.
3. Complete the captions with the expressions below.
f g n h<Jck • tu n . n to CJt t o
P LV l-1 . • (�rounr:i • br�ak u p
2 1 dec ided to ..
Cou ld you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . me
. . . a basketba l l sta r?
t"Ya_ C1f:_'y-y ,:::_�0· . X:J:. v 1
. . . . . . t h i s t ime !
3 I don /t h ave to do 1t ! You ca n /t
me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . !
4 When do I
--�
--
. . . . . . . . . p lay?
.: :t m p lete the sentences with the correct form • - e words below.
,- aths prob l em 1 s
� \'YOrk i t out .
_ __,. e cu lt u res, it is t rad it ion a l for a
. . . . woman to wea r a go ld
_ . e r r i n g .
=- - = 'lOt a . . . . . . . . . . . t h i n g to do !
:: =� . I th i n k i t 's qu ite stu p 1 d .
:_ Joth chocolate a n d van i l l a ice crea m . - : have a . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
:; : :, the name of the off i ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ?
:� �e brother loves to
:: 'S with wooden b u i l d i n g b locks .
.. dogs often end up
:: ters .
:; very . . . . . man , and he te l l s
·- at 1 ng stor ies about h i s past .
::tch each sentence in I with a logical · : "t inuation i n 1 1 . Pay attention to the - � o e r l ined words.
: :: , doesn 't ta ke after he r m u m .
� - - . .:: a n d Dav id were ra ised 1 n sma l l v i l l ages .
1a s noth i ng to do w1th Sue or E m m a .
rdd to sett le fo r a one-room f la t .
r'odded i n a g reement .
d i d n 't f lee the a rea .
.;ou nd a nc ient pottery that had been
_ �d thousands of yea rs ago
- · . sm i led a n d faked i t .
1 1
They don 't even know about it
They cou l d n 't afford a nyth i ng b igger.
- was ve ry deep i n the g rou n d .
'lstead , they stayed t o h e l p after the
ea rthq ua ke .
- 'hat 's how I knew they approved
When they were 1 8 , they both l eft home .
B ut I knew they were n 't havlllg a good t i me .
�hey' re not at a l l a l i ke .
6 . Complete the e-mai l with the correct form of the words and phrases below.
brv'Lht.: l 1 · 1 t •. A11 • o r .-:1 ., <� p -I n • 9et a lonr� rn ;• r l- • co , ' ., l tl "' ov rLj • l; t�a k u p
® 1tfr1 St @:· ��J + .J To Shel ly@gma l lcom
Hi Shel ly,
i Th i s was s u p posed to be a n ice fa m i l y h o l iday in the
co u ntry, but t h i n g s a ren't going wel l so far. My s ister
· and her h usband, my 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bob,
• a ren't 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . , a nd their a rg u ments
a re mak ing everyo ne u n comforta ble. They u sed to
, have a strong 3 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , but for some
rea son, they've 4 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . rece ntly. I
don't t h i n k they wa nt to 5· , but
t hey'd better resolve their p roblems soon beca use
their a rg u ments a re affect ing their daug hter. I n fact,
th is morni ng, my 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . told me that ·
she d oesn't want to get ma rried. I sn't that sad ?
I hope that everyt h i n g is ca l mer b y Satu rday for my
g reat-gran dfather's 80th b i rthday pa rty. Some
. . . . . . . . who a re a ro u n d my age a re
com i ng too, so I hope it' l l be a fu n day.
And by the way, how a re my cats? I m iss them - a n d ,
I 'm so g lad you're looking after them!
· Love,
G i l l
7. Complete the sentences. Make them true for you .
1 . I wou ld feel sad i f I ever grew a part from
2. Peop le somet imes say I take after
3 . One of my favou r ite relatives i s
4 . I have inherited .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 . When someone tr ies to push me aro u n d , I
6 . When I ta ke a brea k from studyi ng , I l i ke to
7 . There 's a strong bond between me and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
I
\�� fi_IWYIMAR
42
1 . Complete the passage with the relative pronouns below. There may be more than one correct answer.
wher e • wh ich • 'dt<Jt • who • wnen • ,, "l O t�
Fami ly meah., a time 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . the whole
fami l y gets together. are disappearing i n many
homes. Between parent" 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . work long
hours and chi ldren J . . . _ . after-school
timetables are fil l ed w i th homework, fri ends. sport
and other activit ies . i t ' s often di tli cult for everyone
to sit down together at the same time. However, some experts say the effort �hould be made. To begin w ith, a 1 99A study found that fam i l y meals -+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . included l ively conversation promoted l anguage development in
young children . Furthermore, mealtimes can be a t ime for a fami ly to bond through �hared food and conversation.
This may partly explam the resul ts of two studies s _ . . . . . . . .. .. were conducted in the USA i n 2004 and invoh
more than 5 ,000 young people between the ages of 1 1 and 1 8 . B oth studie" found a connection between frequent t meals and higher marks, as well as lower rates of depression. alcohol and drug abuse. In fact , in homes n . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . two or fewer meals each \Veek were eaten as a famil y, young people were nearly twice as l ikel y to abuse drugs and
alcohol as thei r peers ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . frequently ate wi th their fami l ies .
2. Complete the sentences with a su itable re lative pronoun . Add commas where necessary. There may be more than one correct answer. In which sentences can you omit the relative pronoun?
The p l ay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I saw l ast n i ght was written by a teenager.
2 . Arno ld Schwarzenegger . . . . . . .. .. . . . . beca me famous as the sta r of the Term i nator f i lms
i s the governor of C a l ifor n i a .
3 . T h e week before exd ms i s a lways a t 1 m e . . . I spend hours i n the l i b ra ry.
4 I ' m read ing a bout Steve Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . was one of the fou nders of App le Computers.
5. Let's go to a n ice p lace . . . we can have coffee and dessert .
6 . E l l er . _ _ father i s a TV reporter i s studyi ng JOUrna l ism at u n ivers ity
7 . The sung l asses . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . I bought on sa le a re the best pa i r I 've ever had .
3. Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l meaning of the sentences.
1. Th 1s I S L inda . You wi l l be work 1 ng w1th her. (who)
2 . I took a message for my s i ster. She was i n the shower. (who)
3. He down loads the songs . He gets them free o n l i ne . (that)
4. I ' m look i ng forward to next week We ' l l be on ho l 1day the n . (when)
5 . The com pa ny was estab l i shed i n 1 99 5 . l t has been particu l a r ly successfu l s i nce 2004. (wh ich)
- o ne the sentences with defi n ing or non...
- - ng relative c lauses. Add commas where -:'= s s a ry. leave out the relative pronoun
''9' ·- :: ·e possible.
: - - � �omg to C h icago in December. lt w i l l be
- : ::: d then .
_ s a lways tak i ng photog ra phs . H e wants to
� -= = = �- e a profess iona l photog rapher one day.
- :: ·.=. s the b roch u re a bout the ho l iday resort .
-= - - g ht go to i t .
: � :: = .:ather i s J apa nese . Sue v i s i ts Japan every
- :: · =a r was a g ift from her pa rents . lt was
.. - = = I .
: : ., bine the sentences using both the formal :-: · ..Jcture and the informa l structure. Use : : ""re et punctuation.
: ::: e i nt roduced me to the man . She had been
- = • �g to h i m .
- : ·�a I : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.: ::: ''ll a l : . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- _ - - cane Katr i na was a natu ra l d i saster. I a m
• � 'l g a report a bout i t .
- - ::: ,ma l : . . . . .. . ..... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- - � etter has j ust been de l ivered . I have been
. :: : ng for i t .
- - J rma l : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Correct the errors.
1 . The band that i t f i rst sang th i s song was My
C hem ica l Romance .
2 . Ol ive o i l i s used i n m a n y countr ies , where i t has
been p roduced for ages there .
3 . i t 's ha rd t o f i nd a f r iend w h o you ca n rely on h i m .
4 . Ottawa , i n where I was born , i s i n C a nada .
5 . Ai d is be ing p rovi ded to fa m i l 1es whose the i r
homes were destroyed i n the f l ood .
7. Translate the sentences.
1 . The issue we a re d i scuss i ng has noth i ng to do
with you .
2 . You must b e g ratefu l to the people who have
a lways supported you .
3 . My cous i n J ane , who is an on ly ch i l d , has p lenty
of se lf-conf idence .
4 . I overhea rd the conversat ion wh ich my parents
were havi ng in the next room .
5 . J i mmy, whose pa rents d i ed i n a ca r acc ident, was
ra ised by h is re lat ives .
Grammar Review � " ' " ' ' .
8 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . We took a b reak after we has been study i n g I
had been studyin g I were studyi ng fo r hours .
2 . Steve den ied bei ng I to be I to have been
respons ib le for the error.
3 . I ' m so t i red . I should n 't have I could n 't have I
wou l d n 't have stayed up so late l ast n i ght .
4 . I 'm nervous about next week , when I that I
where I have th ree exams .
5 . Co l i n and Ter i have been eng aged I
were eng aged I are engaged s i nce Apr i l .
U n it 5
43
44
READING
1 . Read t h e opening sentence in t h e text. What can you infer from it?
a . The wr iter has f i n ished school .
b . The writer hasn 't f i n 1 shed school .
2. Read the rest of the text and choose the correct answer.
1 . The New York Times . . . .
a is owned by R upert M u rdoch
b . was owned by a d i fferent fa m i ly a centu ry
ago
c . i s a n i m portant part of M u rdoch 's company
d . has been run for over 1 00 yea rs by one
fa m i ly
2 . Joely R i cha rdson . . . .
a . is Va nessa Redg rave 's g randdaughter
b . be longs to a we l l -known actmg fam i ly i n
B r ita i n
c . i s part o f a fa mous Amer ica n act i ng fa m i ly
d . is S i r M i chae l Redg rave 's daug hte r
3. F ind words or expressions i n the text that mean the opposite of:
1 . u n l i ke ly, i mprobab le (pa rag raph 3) 2. m i nor (paragraph 3) 3. ach i eved a goa l (pa rag raph 5 )
4. F ind words or phrases i n the text that mean the same as:
1 . pa i r (paragraph 4)
2. i n her i ted, genet 1c (pa ragra ph 4)
3. determ i nat ion (pa rag raph 6)
5 . Complete the sentences accord ing to the text.
1 . D ud ley S i ng leton & Daughter is an examp le of
2 . J u l i a n and Sea n Lennon have not
When I think about how my l i fe wil l be after I •
schooL I can ' t he lp think i n g about how th ings mt,;
if I had a different fami ly . . . .
I f my parents were small-busines� owners . I could
to b e the · ·�on'' in one of tho�e companies with
l ike ' "Smith & Sons". Wherever I go, I'm notic i: =
on signc;; all over London. I ' ve even seen a "I Si ngl eton & Daughter" , for a n e�tate agent ' s firm
I f my parents were media tycoons . I m ight
realist ic c hance of run n i n g a ne\\ �paper or te l ::
station. T h e re'-.pected newspaper The NeH· Yor: -ha� been control led by generation� of the same
for more than a century. And some of the ch1!"'
R upert Murdoch - fou n der and head of a \\ ( �
media company - have held key position� ·
father 's bu�i ne�"C'- . Note to Mr Murdoch : i f : l to adopt a teenager, r m available !
If my parents were actors, I ' m sur e I could be �:
fil m star l ike many of the actors today. B e n
parents were a comedy duo for y ears : Kate E. mother i s actress Goldie Hawn : M ichael DougL
is actor Kirk Dougla�. Drew B arrym ore con
a long l i ne of American actors. and J oely Ri-.
is part of a di�t ingui shed B ritish act ing d: L i nc l udes her m u m . Vanessa Redgrave, and gra ... �
S i r Michael Redgrave. In these ca�e�. talent sec
i n the b lood !
I f m y parents were in the music busine-.s. I � _
a � inger l i ke Enrique I g les ias. the son of worL
s i nger Jul io I glesias . On the other h and, J ohn :_ sons. Jul ian and Sean. have released COs. but h_ far �hort of the �uccess of their B eatle father - ·
the y ' re inevi tably compared .
Obviously. fam i l y connection" can help . -
shoul d n ' t ignore the fact that �UCCCSS lTljlt r �
abil i ty. talent and. of course, some luck - no ,..,.
your fam i l y i s .
ITING
- : : e two correct answers for each question.
� :: s I Eventual ly I As t i me went on, Alan and I
. '1 1 th each other.
-: = .-om the sta rt I At fi rst, I d i d n 't l i ke E l l iot .
· · "e 's n ew f l at while I when I d u r i ng we were
. ;. n i shed t idy i ng u p by the t i me I before I � - '' ome.
- .. � l r y I All of a sudden I Suddenly, a door
: somewhere in the house .
: e t e the sentences with the correct form of the _ : '1 brackets. Make certa in that the verbs agree
e subject of the sentence.
, ' te kmd of nove l s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) mystenes .
.. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( need) to buy d i fferent th i ngs , so
-:: :: : after we shop .
"1 sma l l m i nor i ty of su rvey respondents
. . . . (g ive) d i shonest answers .
- -, oeans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (taste) good together.
� o l ete the narrative with su itable express ions : me and sequence. There may be more than one
_ - r '= ct answer.
· - = =�Ecr giFT . . -:3 vrs I C.Vfvt, rewt.e.wt.ber, wt.y pvrrevtis hvrve 3ive11, :• : ;oivt.tiVIj birthdvry presevt.ts - thiVIjs Like shirts,
, ... .:r trvrivters, ivt.Stevrd of roLlerbLvrdes vrM video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , whevt, I WilTS youVIjer,
.. � . ;ted, but it didvt,'t do vrvt,y 3ood. , I jVTVe up, vr M wt.y pvrrevt.ts'
: : �es of birthdvry 3ijts bec.vrme. vr fvrwt.ily joke.
, ty Lvrst Mo 11.dvry wt.a rvt,LV!j, Ovt, wt.y 17th birthdvry, .:.: ex.pec.tvrtiovt.S. 3 · . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
· ..::.:,- ivt.to the kitc.hevt,, wt.y pvrrevtis svrid, "Hvrppy - -1 .7'1! " " · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , wt.y muwt. hllfyt,v{ed
� ; resevti. Tke size VfM shvrpe of the box Wt.VTde me. • trvrLvters". "Tlwrvt,ks! (j revrt!" I svrid, fvrkiVIj Wt.O re
- � · :vrsm thl/fvt, I felt. "Try thewt. O vt,, " wt.y wt.uwt. :- :ted. s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Lifted up O vte shoe, �: � u{ sowt.e.thiVIj ivt.Side it. It wvrs Vfyt, iPho vte. I wvrs · : �Ked I c.ouLdv(t spevrk. My dvrd svr id, "I thivtk we
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3ot you some.thiVIj you wvrvti! "
• U n it 5
Your. Task Write a narrative about a friend. Write 1 00- 1 50 words.
WRITING A NARRATIVE
1 . Brainstorm the events i n your narrative. Try to i nc lude a problem or confl ict.
2. Decide whether or not the problem wi l l be resolved. If so, how? If not, how wi l l your story end?
3 . Organ ise your ideas. Use the model i n Exercise 3 and the p lan below to he lp you .
PL AN
Open i n g : Descr ibe the sett ing and i nt roduce the ma i n cha racters .
Body: Relate the events in the story, i nc l u d i ng a prob lem or conf l i ct .
Clos i n g : Te l l how the story ends .
4 . Write a fi rst draft.
5. Use the checkl ist to check your work . Then write a f ina l d raft.
� I foLLowed the pLvrvt, for vr l'l.Vfrrvrtive.
� I used vr vvrriety of expressiovt.S of time. VTM seque11.c.e .
./ I used c.orrec.t sub jut/ verb qgreewt.e.vti.
./ I c.hec.ked wt.y ji'"Vfwt.Wt.Vfr, speLLiVIj vrvt,d p u11.c.tuvrtio vt,.
See Writing Guid�. Student's B_ooiC pagct':144;8"f! · 45
! ! : I I <� �r�g,�ess Check
--------·, 46 !
_______ _j
Yo�abulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to
the underl i ned words.
1 . 1 was ra i sed in Montrea l , C anada . I l ived there
unt i l I was two I twenty.
2. We don 't usu a l ly get a long, but l ast n i g ht we
had a good t ime together I an a rg u ment.
3. Jane sett led for £ 5 per hou r, which was exact ly I
less tha n what she 'd a sked for.
4. Sylv i a ta kes after he r g rand mothe r i n many ways .
For exam p le , they' re both a rt i sts I
Sy lv ia b rings her g roceries every week.
5. H e i n her ited th is watch f rom h is boss I
g ra ndfather.
6 . She nodded and sa id , " Yo u ' re r ight I wron g . "
2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words and phrases below.
chee r • p u s h . . . a ro u n d • f lee
g row a pa rt • ta k e a break • turn . . . i nto
1 . 1 mi ssed American /do/ last n i ght . Wh ich s i nger
d i d the aud ience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for the most?
2. We'd been rehea rs i ng for fou r hours before we
f i na l ly . . . . . . . .
3 . Ned is a b u l ly, and he . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . people
4 . They bought a l a rge house and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i t
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a bed-a nd-brea kfast hote l .
5 . Luck i ly, they were a b le to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . from the
f i re and weren 't h u rt .
6 . We' re such good f r i ends . I hope we never
3 . Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1 . Sha ron is study ing t ime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (manage) .
2 . i t 's a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( i nterest) ser ies .
3 . The a i r l i ne passengers were . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(frust rate) by the long de lay.
4. Wou l d you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (prefer) a tab le i ns ide
or on the pat io?
5. My g randpa rents a re a happ i ly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(mar ry) cou p le .
Grammar
4. Complete the passage with a su itable relative pronoun .
Fam i l y hol idays, those times 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . teens and
parents spend long hours together, can be difficult .
I speak from experience, as a teen 2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . parents i ns ist on a two-week trip every year, preferabl:
one J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . keeps us al l very c lose to each
other. We' ve even been to i solated beach resorts
-+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . we' ve spent the entire holiday. I ' m not
opposed to fami l y hol idays, 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . have some
benefits - i ncluding parents 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pay for
everything ! I love my parents, but they ' re not people
with 7· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I want to spend 24 hours a day.
They ' ve final ly accepted that fact, 8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . hun
thei r feel ings, but i t had an effect. For the first time,
we ' re planning our holiday together. We' re making
sure to inc lude plenty of free time 9· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . we
can each spend separately.
5 . Combine the sentences with the words in brackets.
1 . J a n i ne d i d n 't change her op in ion on the matter.
We had a rg ued with her for a n hour. (whom)
2 . I 'm look i ng forwa rd to J u ne . I ' l l be f i n i shed witr
school then . (when)
3 . Steven l ives in Fu lton Street. My favou rite
resta u ra nt i s a l so there . (where)
VV:r..�ti.�.g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . » . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. Complete the sentences with a suitable connector or t ime expression.
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , M iche l l e d i d n 't speak French
we l l , but . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , she beca me f l uent .
2. I had j u st fa l l en as leep when the phone
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ran g . However, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 managed to answer i t , the ca l l e r had hung up .
tr· U n it 5
ogress Check L·n · ts :'! l )
btllary
- - ete the sentences with the correct form of • , ords in brackets.
- ;:- + 1 , s t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. eek:.end !
. . . (sense) 1 dea you 've
- :: --- -:s ra re ly g ive each other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - g 1fts .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (manage) of a sma l l shop .
= � ::J ed i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (amaze) as the
-:- -:: ::: �oke the wor ld record .
- � . = � . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( i nterest) i n o ld co i ns?
=- ::. :. ays receive . . . . . . (marve l ) serv 1ce at
-:: 3:a u rant .
p lete the passage with su itable words or - t;;;. "'essions below .
. · • emerge • 9 reen house effect o • trend • i nhabit • harmful
1 0 • see eye to eye • rem a i n • l dunch
_ � � -:ar, people in B ritain L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . learn
._., .: 1 r fel low citizens think about a w ide range of
_ _ �- - from pol i tics to environmental concerns, such
. . . - thanks to the British Social
- ..-:.: -., Report . S ince the first survey. which was done
.: -1 .1n 25 years ago, new attitudes have started to
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . about family-related subj ects, such
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and chil dren . For example, there
- :rung acceptance of the growing 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. • '1 -traditional" fami ly units. In fact. 66Ck of people
- :- � cd in 2006 said that they considered legal
......, ,,ge and l i ving together as virtual ly the same thing .
- � '-JL)Cc of respondents in that same survey appear
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on the 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ ,. �·or a law that applies to unmanied couples who
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . This law would mean that they
< -.hare the same financial obligations as manied
... ples who divorce. Despite these more l iberal
- �udes about family, i t seems that one thing continues
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the same since the survey's first
_ -tr : more women than men do household chores such as
..1�dry and c leaning .
Grammar
3 . Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences .
1 . " I ' m not go i ng to watch the DVD beca use I 've
a l ready seen the f i l m twice , " exp l a i ned Ca ra . (that)
2 . i t 's poss i b le that J ames' f l i ght was de layed by bad
weather. (m ig ht)
3 . I ca n 't wa it u nt i l th i s weekend . I ' m go ing to a U2
concert . (when)
4 . They' re not desi g n i ng a new webs ite for our
school u nt i l next yea r. (des igned)
5 . The doctor exa m ined Mark 's eyes yesterday. (had)
6 . I regret buyi ng th i s very expensive watch . (bought)
Writing
4. Correct the sentences .
1 . I enjoy swi m m ing , cook i ng and to p lay com puter
games .
2 . I wasn 't p leased with my mark i n the exam , I
d i d n 't fa i l .
3 . M a rta a l m ost speaks perfect Eng l i s h .
4 . E ach o f the resta u rants were expens ive .
. 47
48 :
d ..
VOCABULARY • • • • •
1 . Complete the d ia logues with the correct form of the words and phrases below.
sndp ...tp get nd o 1 • d l ru u • 1 1a -:; <)tL· ft • �n e lhand i'.>P • n a k C> eXCIJ)f .., On \a lP • OV('!IPr lCf'd -Yl> pt:�}/ thE" n i : ' , m a ke d l , eftort • b � lonq l nq"
Mark: I had no i dea that th i s shop was so expensive !
l can ' t 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . anything. not even the
things that are 2 · Rose: You ' re right . Everyth ing 's terri bly
. . . . . . . , but i t doesn ' t seem to matter
to al l of these customers who are -l. . the shop ' s 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . especial l y the sweaters.
1\Iark: I wonder if they ' ll regret buying them when
they have to 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at the end of the
month .
- ··-Mum: I want you to tidy up your room - today ! I ' m
tired o f <.;eeing s o many o f your 7 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on the floor and pi led on your chair.
Lucy: 1 know ! You keep x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . me
about i t ! But I don ' t have anywhere else to put some
of that 9 Mum: Stop trying to 1 0
r m sure you' ve got things you don 't wear or use any
more. I suggest that you 1 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to look
through your things and sec what you· re wil l ing to
1 2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . We can donate i t to the
chari ty shop, and then you ' l l have plenty of space.
Lucy: But . Mum !
2. Com plete the puzzle us ing the clues below.
Across • 3 . Th i s s h i rt 1 s too l a rge, so I ' d l 1 ke to . . . . it for a
sma l l e r s i ze .
4 . We don 't . . swi msu its at th i s t ime of yea r, bu :
the sports shop has them a l l yea r rou n d .
5 . What . . . . . . . . of shampoo do you use?
6 . There 's a h uge . . . . on gym membersh i ps th i s
month . We ca n save 40 % !
8 . If you wa nt to retu rn a n item, you m ust have
you r . . .
9 . I ' m sorry you were n 't sat i sfi ed w1th the p rodL, .::
S i r. I ' l l be happy to g ive you a fu l l
Down t 1 . Is renta l of the scuba-d 1v i ng . . . . . i nc l uded i n t · ::
p r ice of the l essons?
2 . These shoes a re a rea l . . . . . . . . a t on ly £20 .
6 . M 1che l l e has a l a rge a mo u nt of cred 1t-ca rd .
7 . . . . . . . . . . on dessert a n d ate a huge p 1ece of
chocolate ca ke .
' s
-Complete the sentences with the correct form o f do, make or pay.
speak with Edna about the p rob lem, but that
'"""' ght .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . more harm than good .
� took Joe qu ite a wh i l e to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . f riends
::: h i s new schoo l .
_ . ' .'e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a fortune for the concert t ickets,
=ut they were worth i t .
- -1ey were i n the ne ighbou rhood, so they
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . us a v is it .
- . 'Je order ou r g rocer ies o n l i ne now, so we don 't
�ave to go out to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the shopp i n g .
.: ' � 1 a ny of my fr iends now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the i r best
� o eat loca l ly-g rown food .
, s parents have refused to he lp h i m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
� s debts .
- Choose the correct answer. Pay attention to the nderl i ned words.
'Ve had a h uge bonfi re on the beach I i n o u r f lat yesterday.
-My ne ighbou r's a doctor, whose past ime i s
work i n g in a hosp ita l I pa i nt i ng la ndsca pes . -
Due to ou r cu l tu re of consu mer i sm, many of us
eat I spend more than we shou ld .
- Some sma l l shopkeepers lost customers when
the new s u perma rket I c i nema opened .
- One of the benefits of l iv i ng here i s
bei ng a b le to enjoy thi s i ncred i b le v iew I
hav ing n o v iew.
- I 've got too many gadgets . For i nstance, I don ' t
1eed th ree M P3 players I fry ing pans . -
The com pa ny recent ly i m p roved the
exerci se eq u i pment I worki ng con d it ions in
-h is sweatshop.
Ne were teas i ng Sa m , but he thought we were
j ok i ng I ser ious . -
r:.very d ay, thousands of com m uters I free newspa pers a re given out d u ri ng rush hour
n cit ies a l l over E u rope. -
lt took a long t ime to pick out a pa i r of
ea rr i ngs for Lau ra , but I eventua l ly
fou n d the perfect g ift for her I helped her get them o ut of her ea rs .
«' Un it 6
5. Complete the on l ine consumer column with the correct form of the words and phrases below.
stock u p on • shop a ro u n d \\\1 afford
o u t l et 1!\1 pr ice tag • come to 1!\1 m e rch a n d ise
g o out of b u s i n ess
SHOPPING WITH CYN /)�
For consumers who want
designer brands at prices they can
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , the best
places to go are 2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ends up there for
various reasons. Some items may have small
flaws, such as a m i ss ing button; others may
be from a previous season , or left over odd
sizes and colours ; others come from small
clothi ng companies that have fai led and
4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . To ful ly appreciate the
bargains you're l i kely to get in an outlet,
5 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and take a look at the
6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on things in trendy boutiques.
Then, make your way to the nearest outlet and
7· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . clothing. You' l l be
pleasantly surprised at how l ittle the final bi l l 8 .
6. Complete the sentences. Make them true for you .
1 . The g a dget I cou l d n 't do without i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . My favou r i te past i me i s
3 . The most recent barg a i n I got was . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . My pa rents somet i mes nag me . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . The last t ime I d i d someone a favou r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 . When someone pays me a com p l i ment, I feel
7. I once excha nged
8. When I wa nt to t reat myself to someth ing , I
s p l u rge on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9 . One of the benefits of l iv i ng where I do i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
l49 ___ _
50
1 . Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 . I f Dave . . . . (sm i le) , th i s wou ld
have been a better photo of a l l of us .
2 . it wou l d be more p leasant to shop here if the
sa les ass i stants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be ) a b i t
n i ce r.
3 . If you a rra nge the fu rn it u re d i fferent ly, the
room . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( look) b igger.
4. Ron can 't exchange the DVD un less he
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) the rece ipt .
5 . I wou l d n 't have been ab le to afford th i s coat i f
it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not be ) on sa le .
6 . C a l l me when you ..
at the stat ion .
. . . . (ar r ive)
7. You . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( not buy) the shoes if
they a re n 't comfortab le .
8 . Let 's ca l l Les ley. If she . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be)
at home now, we can pay her a v is i t .
9 . I wou l d have been ang ry i f I
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not rece ive) a fu l l refu n d .
1 0 . M a ry won 't be ab l e t o come t o t h e pa rty un less
someone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (g ive) her a l i ft .
2. Complete the sentences. Do not change the orig ina l mean ings. There may be more than one correct answer.
1 . Jody hated the fi l m , so she wa l ked out i n the
m idd l e .
If . . . .
2. You can 't use the pool without be ing a hotel
guest.
U n less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . I th i n k you shou ld buy those sung l asses .
If I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . Because I know everyone here , I ' m not too
nervous a bout spea k ing to the g roup .
If I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Complete the thought bubbles with a logica l continuation.
I wish 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
m ------
If on ly 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I wish we . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I wish 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
:om plete the passage with the correct form o' the verbs in brackets.
� � y WHI�� ��� ���ntem!T _ ::' ' ' or train t ickets during a fli ght to New
� or London, 2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (choose) to do so? Passengers
.::-me flights are already being offered thi s k ind
:.-board retail servi ce, and as soon as some
-: 1r technological problems with i n-fl ight sales
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (solve), theatre and theme _ . t ickets + . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (may offer)
'· e l l . If thi s 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (turn out)
:'e a profitable expetiment, there ' s little doubt - _: rhe trend will spread. Passengers i nterviewed
-_ _ ;:ntly at London's Heath row Airport expressed
�: ing opinions on the subj ect. Patricia Lowry, who
:._Juently v i s i ts her boyfriend in New York, said,
· : , i sh there 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) Internet
-- - e�s on all flights . I 7· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
_ ::' �l. ni tely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (use) i t , even i f I had
iJUY a few pounds for i t ." Robert Jones, a software
__ , igner, said, "I 8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (hate) it i f
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (have) to read and respond
- -.,·ork-related e-mail s while flyi ng . However, I
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not mind) being able to buy
_ -;ravelcard for the Underground on board." W hat' s
c� r opi nion? Is there something you wish you
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . (buy) on your last flight?
- · Rewrite the sentences with the words in brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
I d i d n 't b r i ng my wa l l et , so I ca n 't buy th i s . ( i f)
-i t 's too bad I don 't d r ive. (wish)
� We a ren 't go ing to the beach today beca use it 's
ra i n i ng . ( i f)
I hate be i ng so short ! (wish)
-I reg ret not study ing for the exa m . ( i f on ly)
::> . I won 't be ab l e to concentrate if Gwen doesn 't
tu rn down the m us ic . ( u n l ess)
6 . Correct the errors.
1 . She won 't buy that T-sh i rt u n l ess they gave her a
d i scount .
2 . If i t had n 't snowed last n i ght, the roads wou l d
haven 't been s l i ppery.
3 . We wish we wou ld go to the sa l e tomorrow .
4 . As soon as Sam wi l l a rr ive, we' l l go out
for d i n ner .
5 . If on ly we knew the truth yesterday.
7. Translate the fol lowing sentences.
1 . Please l et me know as soon as you m ake
a decis i o n .
2 . I f I were you , I wou l d pay back a l l m y debts .
3 . I wish I had n 't fo rgotten my belong i ngs
at the a i rport .
4 . We wou l d n 't have stocked u p on o l i ve o i l
if there hadn 't been a sa le .
5 . I f on ly we cou l d get r id of a l l these o l d boxes .
Grammar Review
8. Choose the correct answer.
1 . My b rother, who I whom I that none of you
have met, is f i na l ly com i ng to v is i t !
2 . They had worked I had been working I
worked for hours before they fi n a l ly took a
b rea k .
3 . Jess ica suggested that we went I going I
to go to the beach .
4 . My m uscles h u rt ! I wish I d i d n 't work out I
wou l d n 't have worked out I
had n 't worked o ut so m uch yeste rday.
5 . I ca n 't u nderstand J i m u n less he spea ks I will spea k I wou l d spea k s lowly.
!f· U n it 6
52
READING
1 . Read t h e text and decide w h o or what the words i n bold refer to.
1 . i t (pa rag raph 1 )
2 . them (pa rag raph 2)
3 . that (pa rag raph 3 )
4. them (pa rag raph 3)
2 . F ind words i n the text that mean the opposite of:
1 . in an obvious way (pa rag raph 1 )
2 . easy to forget (pa rag ra ph 2)
3. i n the same way (pa rag raph 2)
3. Choose the correct answer according to the text.
1 . Mob i l e phones a re ment ioned because . . . .
a . they ' re s imp le to advert ise
b . of the way they' re advert ised
c . adverts a re sent to some of them
d . they a l l advert ise p rod ucts
2. H u morous advert isements . . . .
a . a re l ess effective tha n adverts with sex
appeal
b . account for a pproxi mately one-th i rd of
adverts
c. don 't succeed in he lp i ng people
remember a p rod uct
d . a re the th i rd most successfu l type
4. Answer the q uestions accord ing to i nformation in the text.
1 . Why is sex appeal not a lways successfu l
i n a n a dvert?
2. What is the message in some
adverts for l uxu ry b ra nds?
3 . What i s brea kfast cerea l
a n examp le of?
WHAT ARE THEY SELLING YOU? There seems to be no escape from advertising
We're exposed to it through hoardings, on publi
transport, in newspapers, magazines , in th-=
c inema, on televis ion and radio, online, and eve
on some mobile phones. Although the aim �
advertising i s to sell a product, the message .
rarely as simple as, "Buy Thi s !" I nstead, adver
are usually designed to subtly influence _
consumer by selling something beyond t!-: product , such as an attitude, a personality. .
lifestyle or a feeling of belonging .
Think about adverts you ' ve seen recently. 1 1 -likely, many of them involve humour or :
appeal - two popular approaches. Surprising _
some advertising professionals say that hurL_
can be more effective than sex appeal, whic;_
perhaps why it 's estimated to have a role in ne�
a third of adverts. Apparently, humour qui-:
captures our attention and makes the pro:.
memorable. Conversely, adverts that rely on
appeal - with, for instance , provocative phor
good-looking men or women - often :
people's attention on the models rather than o:
product or brand name.
However, for luxury or designer brands, that :.
necessarily a disadvantage. In adverts for hig:::- 111 products like expensive cars and clothing
appeal is often paired with snob appeal. � types of adverts treat the brand as alrea.:
well-known, respected and desired, th::....
unnecessary to try to "sell" it to the tc: = :consumers. All that's necessary i s to reminc - •".
of the privileged lifestyle that the -
represents.
Among the other advertising approache ·
are celebrity spokespeople (George (_ selling coffee machines), self-improverr::
favourite in cosmetics adverts), nostalgi
used for everyday, "unexciting" product . _
breakfast cereals), and crowd appeal (ofte:-
to sell gadgets, by implying that "every ... -
buying and talking about them).
The next time an advertisement touche
emotions, makes you feel envious, or tem�
to buy a product, stop for a moment anc -
why !
- · : the text and summary below. Underl i ne the two - : cessary sentences i n the summary.
�-- FV'tces, Everywhere
· - � Hj1(o , PlV'tllli:ers PeV'IV!Uts, V'! populV'tr • : r�Vfrt- product, lwrs feV'ttured V'! clwrmcter
:�7 Mr PeV'IV!Ut 011- its p roduct lV'tbels V'!M .. . • verts. For Jll.W re tlwrrt- V'! cellliury, : rtiseW1-e-lllis for Tio Pepe lwrve feV'ttured
. ::tle of the product WeV'Iri� clothes, .. - those fo r Michelirt-, the Fre�-teh tyre, �p �- 3uidebook compV'!VJ.,y, lwrve used the _ ,te-Lirt- MV'trt- - Who looks V'!S if he's �de of tyres.
·-1t these, V'!M coullli:less other e>CV'tmples, lwrve iVJ., �MO rt- is tlwct they V'!Ll presellli: V'! product With disti�-tetly
- ... :.�rt- chV'tmcteristU.s. Al-td tlwrt, V'!CCOrdi� to sOW1-e- recell!i � _:t'ies, YVtV'IY be pV'Irt of the reV'IsO�-t for their success.
.: -� study by reseV'Irc.hers from the U�versity of -: --: rtto V'!M the U�versity of Chicqgo foul-td tlwrt people '?_:;a l-tvf Jll.Wst positively to pV'Ickqgi� or products which - � <. 1-uiYVtV'Irt-. The tel-tde�-tey to see V'! fV'tce iVJ., V'fVJ., object - ;::t rticulV'trly pro�Wu�-teed WheVJ., it co mes to CV'trs. IVJ.,
�uell!i study, 11U!rly O»e--third of the pV'trticipV'tlllis _ .. �eived the fro lllis of CV'trs V'!S fV'tces, V'! M eVeVJ., SV'!W them
� - ,wrvi� lwrppy, serious o r �ressive expressio �-U.
--· _for why We see �VJ., forms V'!M fV'tces iVJ., objects V'!M • • e. them MYVtV'IVJ., tmits, sOW1-e- reseV'Irc.hers thil'tk the reV'IsOVJ.,
_. tMt this evolved V'!S VfVJ., iWtpOrtV'tllli survivV'tl skill duri� -·.J11t.VfVJ., developW1-e-llli. This CV'tused the bmiVJ., to eVellli:l{V'(Lly
_ =-�W1-e- biolo3icV'!Lly pro3rV'tmmed to see 'jV'Ices" everywhere.
:�ry: 5 �th the MicheliVJ., MV'trt- V'! M V'! Tio Pepe bottle, dressed .. <.e V'! persOVJ.,, lwrve beeVJ., used iVJ., the compV't�es' V'tdverts
-=: r over 100 yeV'Irs. Recellli: reseV'Irch lwrs sho WVJ., : �t people reV'Ict Jll.Wst fV'!VOurV'tbly to products �.�t resemble V'! persOVJ.,. The study 0 11- how people ; :.rceived CV'trs WV'ts do »e- by reseV'Irchers from two ... .Uversities. The tel-tde�-tey to see fV'tces iVJ., objects �UfY lwrve developed b iolo3ic.V'!Lly becV'tuse bei� ..,ole to reco3�e V'!M ul-tderstV'!M fV'tciV'tl :.(pressio �-U WV'ts cruciV'tl fo r survivV'tl V'!S �1-t .•eveloped.
f!''" U n it 6
Your Task Summarise the text on page 52. Write 50-70
words.
WRITING A SUMMARY
1 . Read the orig ina l text careful ly and decide which facts to i nclude. Choose only the main ideas, leaving out less important detai ls, as wel l as exam ples.
2 . Write this information in one paragraph . Paraphrase rather than copy the i nformation. Shorten sentences or combine them in order to be more concise.
3. Your fi rst attem pt wi l l probably be too long . Look it over careful ly i n order to f ind:
a . points you can delete whi le sti l l preserving the ma in idea.
b. p laces where you can make your language more concise.
4. A reader of your summary should be able to get the main idea of what the a rticle i s about. See whether th is i s true about your summary. If not, have you included enough information? You may have to omit a m inor point and add a more important point.
5 . Make sure the sentences in your paragraph fol low each other smooth ly and make a logical whole.
./ I followed the steps for V'! sum�ry .
./ I i�-tc.Luded o my the �iVJ., ideV'Is.
./ I pV'trV'tphrV'tsed rV'tther tlwrVJ., copied.
./ My sum�ry fo rms V'! lo3icV'tl whole.
./ I simplified my selllie�-tees where possible.
./ I checked my 3rV'tm�r, spelli� V'!M p u�-tetl{V'(tio �-t-
See Writing Guide, Student's Book page 1 45': �, �------•.
5 3
�t:9gress Check 11111 ................ .... . .... . · .. ,'\\j,@" .............. .,�
1 . Complete the blog with the words a n d
p h rases below.
consu mer i s!T1 ijl a n
b i l l s
vVhich country do you t h i n k has the most
fashion-conscious tee n s : the U n i te d States , Can ada,
Austra l i a, Brazi l or B ri tai n ? Accordin g to a recent
survey, the ans wer is B ri tai n, w here tee n s ' favour i te
. . . . . . seems to be s hopping for clothes. In
response to the s urvey 's question o f w hat they wouJd
con tin ue to b uy even if they cou] d n ' t 2 · . . . . . . it , B ri tish teens, more than teens i n other countries. chose n e w c l othes . A n d they are 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to
prove that they m ean i t . Est i m ates are that B ri t i sh teen s
spen t over £ 1 30 m i l l i o n a w eek d uring t h e summer o f
2009 - a n d a good porti on o f that \vas on c lothi ng and
fash ion accessories . Furthermore, other reports h ave
shmvn tha t -+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . are i mp ortant to B ri ti s h
tee n s , as i s being the f irst t o buy the l atest styl e s . e v e n
i f t h e s e fas h i on items a r e 5 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S o m e tee n s 6. . . . . w i th earni ngs from part-tim e jobs, hut i n most cases, pare n ts e nd u p pay i ng as we l l . Pe rhaps
that ' s why our k ids never 7 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to spe n d
less ! 1 t h i nk i t ' s t ime rhat we stopped supp ortin g our
c h i ldren ' s dedica t i on to 8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '
2. Choose the correct a n swer.
1 . The g roce r ies were expensive t h i s week. They
s n a p pe d up I came to I c a r r i ed £85 1 2 . S o m e p eo p l e stock u p o n I s p l u rg e o n I
exch a n g e bott l e d wat e !- for a n e m e rg e n cy.
3 . Suza n ne 's b o u g h t a l ot of sports d e bts I g e a r I be l on g i n g s ove r t h e years .
4. Everyt h i n g i n t h e s h o p was o n sa l e I o ut of bou nd s I g o i n g o u t of b u s i n ess,
so I s p e n t less t h a n l t h o u g h t I wou l d .
5 . M y b rothe r i s so rn et i m es n a g g e d I p i cked out I teased beca use h e 's n ot g ood at footba l l .
6 . S o m e theatres g ive o ut I s h o p a r o u n d I g et r i d of cou po n s for c h e a p seats .
Grammar
3 . Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets .
1 . If I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not have) enough cash
for the f i l m ton ight , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( l end ) me some?
2 . I wish I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( l i ve) i n a b ig c ity.
L iv i ng i n the cou ntry is bor i n g .
3 . Jenny . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (be) t i red w h e n she
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (a r r ive) tomorrow morn i ng .
4 . I w i sh I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (not se l l ) my
moto rcycle for so l i ttl e money. I f on ly I
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (wa it) for a better offer !
4 . Rewrite t h e sentences with t h e words i n brackets. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences. There may be more than one: correct answer.
1 . i t 's a p i ty you can 't come to the bonf i re ! ( i f on _
2 . i t 's too bad I d i d n 't ta ke more photos of the
street markets . ( I wish)
3 . You won 't be ab le to l ive with i n you r budget :
you don 't become more pr i ce conscious . ( un iE��
4 . I d i d n 't meet my f r iends last n ight beca use I '. ' � too t i red to go out . ( i f)
5. Para p h rase the senten ce below. Use the
words provided, a nd m a ke a n y n ecessar)
cha nges.
S h o pa ho i i s m , a g rowi n g p ro b l e m a ro u n d tre affects m a i n ly wom e n , a p p roxi mate ly ten P E ' -
of w h o m a re cu r re n t l y est i mated to suffer .e r:, � con d it io n .
s h o pa h o l i sm
a p p roxi mate ly
o n the r i se �� affect i n g
t e n p e r cen t of women ::
r9gr�ess Check ·
• � ,,�,!ililll �"' ·'"
, -oca.9_�l�r.Y . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Complete the e-mai l with the correct form of the verbs below. Some verbs a re used more than once.
:::2tch !!< m a ke I'&\' pay !I) � h a rge 'ill take • g o
- A.nne,
forwa rd
-�membered to L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . my laptop, so I could
_ � i t with me to Rosie ' s Cafe, where I ' m s itting now.
finally going to 2· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . an effort to start
-:r ing my book report. I guess I ' m 3 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the
- -: : e for putt ing it off for so long.
J · re so lucky to be in New York ! It was so n ice of
�lr mum to -+. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you by surprise and offer
J the chance to 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . abroad with her on
- -=; business trip.
- :- c you 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a mill ion photos? And - have
·,u · · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sight of any good-looki ng guys?
. " 11 ' · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . my best to get by without you for
-e next four days . LOL. Have fun !
: r I ' m 9· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . an attachment that I think wi ll
, .1ke you laugh !
2 . Com plete the sentences with a suitable word or phrase below.
m a ke m istakes ., outrag e o u s @I d eafe n i n g
1\l set off • a pproach ��> wh isper
out of $' I'$ fence�
sta re turn out ��� � ca rry '*��� not h i n g to do w ith � sta rt over $ f ia n cee There 's a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a round th i s a rea beca use
it 's . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to the pub l i c .
!_ . So fa r, Jeff and h i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . haven 't to ld
anyone that they' re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
" The band 's rehearsa l was terr i b l e ton ight .
The s i nger kept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , so we had to
constant ly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Most bookshops don 't . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . her novels,
but they' re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o n l i n e .
� The sou p had a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a roma, but i t
wasn 't very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Grammar
3 . Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Imagine one day a year where nobody I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (buy) anything. Well , that ' s the aim of B uy Nothing Day,
which 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (create) in 1 99 1 by the arti st
Ted Dave. Dave 3· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( think) of the idea
when he -+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (realise) the amount of money
he 5 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (spend) that year on stuff l i ke cups
of coffee and desserts . That 6· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( s tart)
h im thinking about consumerism, and he eventual ly
7· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (promote) the idea of B uy Noth ing Day.
S ince i t was first launched, B uy Nothing Day
8· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (become) a g lobal "holiday", with
participants and a w ide range of activ i ties i n n umerous
countries . If you want to participate in the next Buy
Nothing Day, you 9· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( look i t up) onl ine to
get details of how i t 1 0· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (celebrate ) i n your
area.
4. Complete the sentences. Do not change the orig ina l mean ing of the sentences.
1 . I f I don 't have to work late, I ' l l meet you at s ix .
U n less I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . " I 've been hop i ng you wou ld ca l l ton ight ! "
Ja mes to l d me that . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. There 's Lady Gaga ! I 've been wa it i ng to see her.
There 's Lady Gaga , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.W:rJt � �-g" ' ' . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . , .. . . . , . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .
5. Com plete the sentences with a su itable word or phrase.
1 . My favou r i te types of books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sc ience
f ict ion and fantasy nove l s .
2 . I 'm buy ing two pa i rs of shoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
they' re on sa le !
3 . Ne i ther Gwen nor her s i ster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . meat .
They ' re both vegeta r i ans .
U n it 6
55
VOCABULARY
BUILDER
Fame
2 G o i n g G reen
3 O n l i ne World
4 Sense lt
5 F a m i l ies
6 A G ood Buy
58
60
62
64
66
68
/ s 7 '-------
ss j ---
1 . Translate the fol lowing words and expressions.
a utog raph
bodygua rd
crew
crowd
d rive
enterta i n ment
f iancee
he i ress
ido l
i nfatuat ion
passer-by
performan ce
performer
pol it ic ia n
popu l a rity
p ressu re
pub l ic ity
ro le model
tab lo ids
ta lent scout
trend
2 . Find the fol lowing .
emerge
fool
goss ip
p u rsue
worsh i p
controvers i a l
d isgracefu l
i m p ressive
i n stant
lav ish
l uxu r ious
m a rve l lous
notor ious
offens ive
outrageous
overwhel med
spo i lt
stra i ght
su rrou nded
wea lthy
wi l l i ng
1 . six words that have the same verb and noun form
catch :
a bus
a co ld
f i re
one 's breath
s ight of
someone's eye
take:
a photo
charge
for g ranted
one 's t ime
pr ide in
someone by su rpr ise
go :
ab road
ba l d
b l i nd
mad
m i ss i ng
wi ld
i n the spot l i ght
2 . at least five a dject ives that cou l d descr ibe the l ifesty le of m any celeb rit ies
3. fou r nouns that a re jobs o r profess ions
4. a co l l ocation that means " vis it another country "
-Translate the fol lowi ng sentences.
-he wea lthy he i ress needs a bodygua rd .
-ab lo ids a re fu l l of ce lebr ity gossi p .
- A. l a rge crowd pu rsued the young performer.
caught s ight of Ma rk 's f iancee yesterday.
- � i che l le has gone ab road . She 's stay ing at a l uxu rious hote l .
�� bulary Fxt n� icn - · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · - · · · · "" · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
SUFFIXES
� . Complete t h e sentences b y adding a suffix to t h e words in brackets. Make a n y necessary changes.
Many . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fame) people l ive in th is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (bea uty) a rea .
2 . The c lothes i n th i s shop a re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (fash ion) , but very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (expense) .
� If you need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ass ist), p lease ca l l a member of the staff .
Dave is a g reat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (s i ng ) . I d i d n 't know he was so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (mus ic) .
J . C la i re 's adv ice wasn 't very . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( use) .
6 . W i n n ing the ma rathon is a n a mazi ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (ach ieve) .
Have you seen the latest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (p roduct) of th i s p lay?
8. He cou l dn 't h i de h is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (cu r ious) a bout the new project .
5. Com plete the passage with the expressions below. There may be more than one correct answer.
They a re p ro b a b l y • I ' d say that • Th i s p i cture s h ows • Th is is a p i cture of
They seem to be • lt looks l i ke • lt cou l d be that • I i m a g i ne
You ca n te l l • I s u p pose • Per h a ps
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a g roup of peop le wa it ing i n a queue with bags and su itcases .
2 · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . they're at a stat io n . 3 · . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . they' re very bored .
4· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . they've been wa it i ng a long t ime . 5· . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . they' l l be very re l i eved
when the tra i n comes !
C U nit 1
,...-----· �
< 0 () ' > t:O c:: r l ;:t> � � t:O
l e
I � , m I � I I .. t__._ ___ .•
\
1 . Translate the fol lowi ng words and expressions.
a mount
be l ly
ca rbon d ioxide
crop
debris
fue l
lack
l andf i l l
l itter
logg i ng
n i ghtmare
pol l ut ion
shortcut
trash
voyage
2. F i n d t h e fol lowi ng.
avo id
ban
destroy
devote
em it
i ngest
i n ha bit
ha lfway
ha rmfu l
b rea k down
br i ng up
cut down
p ick u p
use u p
wipe out
1 . a noun that is pa rt of the body
2. at least fou r th i ngs that affect the env i ron ment negatively
3. two i d ioms that can be used to descr ibe people
3. Which of the fol lowing can you use up?
t ime I space I peop le I energy I food I friendsh ip
4 . Translate t h e fol lowing sentences.
1 . We shou ld try and use more env i ronmenta l ly-fri end ly p roducts .
2 . We wa nted to a rr ive ea r ly, so we took a shortcut .
a b reath of fresh a i r
a d rop i n t he ocea n
down to ea rth
make waves
ma ke a mounta i n out
of a mole h i l l
t h e sky 's t h e l i m it
the t ip of the iceberg
va n i sh i nto th in a i r
ca rbon footpr int
envi ron menta l ly-fr i end ly
g reenhouse effect
m a ke one 's way
renewab le energy
3 . She b roke down when she hea rd that a l l the crops had been destroyed in the f i re .
4. Stop mak ing a mou nta i n out of a mo leh i l l . it 's not so serious .
5 . He devotes a lot of h is t ime to i nform i ng people a bout the ha rmfu l effects of po l l ution .
ca_p_yJ�.� . .
J�.�-t.�.!l:�J.g.P.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
: :-ffi.ASAL VERB S
-Tra nslate the phrasal verbs i n bold.
pay you back when I get my sa l a ry.
m goi ng to pay h i m back for a l l the terr i b le th i ngs he sa id a bout me .
- : 's my t reat . I ' l l pay for i t .
- He ' l l pay for h i s m i stake .
They f i na l ly pa i d off what they owed us .
- A l l h i s ha rd work fi n a l ly pa i d off .
6 . Match the p h rasal verbs in I to their meanings i n 1 1 .
He a lways takes everyth i ng out on me.
2. She ta kes after her mother.
3 . She decided to ta ke u p sa lsa danc ing .
4. My dog ta kes to ch i ld ren very qu i ck ly.
5 . The new owners a re ta k i n g over the
company next month .
1 1 a . sta rt do ing a n act iv ity
b . ga i n contro l
. . . . . . . . . c . behave u n p leasant ly
.. . . . . . . . d . be s im i l a r to
. . . . . . . . . e . l i ke someone or someth ing
f.�P.:�t.�.QP.�t-�.�-p._g�_�g� . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Com plete t h e m i n i-d ia log ues with t h e expressions below. There m a y b e more than one correct answer.
Oh, com e o n • I see what you m e a n • You 've g ot a poi nt • You ' re r i g ht
Al l r i g ht t h e n • That's true, b ut • Not rea l ly
1 . A: I th i n k ca rs shou ld be ban ned from the c ity centre.
B: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . That won 't work .
2 . A: I be l ieve everyone shou ld on ly use env i ronmenta l ly-fr i end ly p roducts.
B: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . , but they ' re not a lways ava i l a b le everywhere.
3. A: I hea rd th is restau ra nt i s g reat.
B: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , let 's go.
4 . A: In my op in ion , this i s a waste of t ime .
B: . . . ... . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Let's do someth i ng e lse .
5 . A: Do you want to jo in us?
B: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 'm too t i red .
'1: U n it 2
I I < l o 1 n
I � I � � � I � l gg � � I � ' m I � I L_.
1 . Translate the fol lowing words and expressions.
b u rg l a r
close-u p
dev ice
fence
f i le
f leet
folder
password
pole
tutor ia l
u rge
access
crash
crawl
de lete
deny
expose
goog le
lau nch
lean
2. Find the fol lowing.
prevent
remove
resta rt
affl uent
ava i la b le
overjoyed
portab le
p ress i ng
u pdated
log onto
t idy u p
t u r n out
accuse of
apply for I to
a rr ive at I in
comp la i n about I of
consi st of
depend on
d ie of
hea r about I f ro m I of
i ns ist on
lean on
re ly on
rem ind about I of
sea rch for
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . stay at
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . th i n k about I of
charge a mob i l e phone I a l aptop
downloa d a song I a f i lm
enter you r age I password
forward an e-ma i l I a n attachment
post a message I i nformat ion
(to be) on l i ne
soc ia l -network ing s ite
user-friend ly
1 . at l east f ive words that have got the same form as a noun a n d a verb
2 . an adjective that can descr ibe a feel i ng
3 . at lea st f ive verbs re l ated to com puters
3. Translate the sentences.
1 . Many peop le use th i s soc ia l -network ing s i te because it i s user-fr iend ly.
2 . What do you th i n k a bout th i s c lose-up of h i m in the newspaper?
3. He accused me of de let i ng h is e-ma i l s .
4 . We tr ied to restart o u r computer after it crashed .
5. Log onto my s ite a nd read my u pdated b log .
-- RD BUILDING
- Complete the table. Use the d ictionary to he lp you .
:) U n Verb Adjective
access
- ava i la b le
expose
remove
- affl uent
prevent
_ Complete the sentences with a word from the chart. ·
The l abe l on the jacket is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . , but you have to buy it f i rst . -
Many celebrit ies l ive a l ife of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , but money doesn 't a lways buy happ i ness . -
Th is i nformat ion is not . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to everyone . You need the password .
- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of th i s d i sease is poss ib le with a hea lthy l ifesty le . -
The vi l lagers have had very l itt le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to city l ife.
6 . Com plete the interview questions with a su itable expression below. There may be more than one correct answer.
H ow l on g h ave you • H ow often d o you • Do you ever • I n you r o p i n ion, • H ave you ever
What types of • What I VVh ere I Who is you r favo u rite • H ow d o you usu a l ly • Do you th i n k
What wou l d you l i ke t o • What a re you r p l a ns for
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l ived i n th i s ne ighbou rhood?
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l ived i n a nother cou ntry?
3 . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shou ld Eng l i sh be com p u lso ry to l ea rn at schoo l ?
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p lace to go shopp i ng?
5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . get to schoo l ?
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . you ' re do ing enough to save the env i ronment?
7. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . see happen i n you r school th i s year?
8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . peop le do you l i ke to spend time with?
C" U n it 3
j 63
.---� �--��J
1 . Translate the fol lowing words and expressions.
exh ib i t
fi rm
f lavou r
mood
odou r
pattern
p u rchase
rhythm
scent
approach
rema in
sta re
sti n k
store
stroke
tr igger
wh isper
2 . Find the fol lowing.
accu rate
b i tter
br ight
deafen i ng
d i sg ust ing
fa i nt
nasty
pa le
p leasa nt
rough
savou ry
smooth
tasty
tough
we i rd
br ing back
br ing (someone) a long
1 . fou r a djectives that ca n be used to descr ibe food
. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . two nouns that a re sme l l s
3 . a ph rasa l verb that means " beg i n someth i ng aga i n "
4. an adject ive that means the opposite of " norma l "
5 . th ree adjectives with a negat ive connotation
6. an i d iom that you use when peop le a re in ag reement
set off
set (someone) back
set up
sta rt out
sta rt over
sta rt u p
have a sweet tooth
g ive (somebody) a taste
of h i s I her own med ic ine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
com mon sense
go in one ear and out
the other
keep i n touch
see eye to eye
a l l the rage
mouth-water i ng
ta ke advantage of
- ·ans late the fol lowing sentences.
,.., at recent pu rchases have you made?
:::o u l d n 't hea r what they were sayi ng beca use they were wh isper i n g .
· . l'iat i s you r favou r ite ice crea m f lavou r?
- � Jme smel l s can tr igger ch i l d hood memories .
- e sta rted out as an ass i sta nt i n the f i rm .
T o.c.��.Y.l.�.rY . . . . g.�_t.�-� � J .9. P: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
?.-USE FRIEND S
.! Read the sentences. Replace the words in bold with the correct translation from the l ist below.
sens i b le • d i rija • f ing i r • conferenc ia • expos ic i6n • tej i d o • atrae
The co lour ye l l ow doesn 't a p peal to everyone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
Th is fa bric has a smooth texture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
� We l i stened to a n i nterest i ng lecture a bout the senses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ·
The fi rm i s too b ig for one person to m a na ge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
� Be ca refu l what you say to her because she 's very sens it ive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
:). We tr ied to preten d that the food was tasty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 . There were many we i rd pa i nt i ngs at the exhib it io n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F.Y:P.:.�.t�.9..IJ..�t . . � �·�· g·�-�g. � . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. look at the photos and complete the sentences with a log ica l ending .
1 . The two p ictu res a re s im i l a r beca use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . They both show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 . However, i n some ways they a re very d ifferent because . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. I n P ictu re A, there a re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B ut i n P ictu re B , there a re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . Another d ifference between them i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6 . I prefer P ict u re A I B beca use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
«· Unit 4
---------·-.1
r· - ·
1 65 �-------···. ·
1 . Translate the fol lowing words and expressions.
fake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . f ight back
bond
brother- i n - law
cous in
g reat-grandfather
nephew
n iece
referee
re lat ive
s ib l i ng
spouse
widow
bury
cheer
f lee
i n herit
nod
overhea r
ra ise
engaged
g ratefu l
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . jea lous
p regnant
se lf-centred
s i ng le
b rea k up
2. F ind the fol lowing.
1 . a p h rasa l ve rb that mea ns " ad m i re "
2 . a t least f ive nouns that refer t o fam i ly members
get a long
g row a pa rt
l i ve u p to
look up to
push (someone) a round . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
take after . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
turn (someone) i nto
get to
noth i n g to do with
on ly ch i l d
sett le for
ta ke a b reak
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ' . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .
3 . a n a djective that descri bes a fee l i ng
4. a verb that descr i bes what you do when you a g ree with someone or someth i ng
3. Which of the fol lowing can you inherit?
money I friends I good looks I a house I persona l ity tra i ts
4. Translate the fol lowing sentences.
1 . My nephew is engaged to a lovely g i rl who i s an on ly ch i l d .
2 . I n the story, the pr i nce was tu rned i nto a frog .
3 . The bond between the s ib l i ngs was strong a lthough they g rew u p i n d ifferent c it ies .
4 . I wa nt to have noth i ng to do with h i m because he 's so self-centred .
5 . I overheard the referee comp la i n i n g that it wasn 't a fa i r game .
t al tt a Ex n 1
- _�\1ILY IDIOMS
· Read the sentences in I, paying attention to the id ioms in bold . Match each id iom to its meaning in 1 1 .
He 's a lways i n t rou b le . Tony i s the b lack sheep of the fa m i ly . -
My s i b l i ngs, parents a n d grandparents a l l have red h a i r. lt runs i n the fa m i ly .
_ Dave is d i shonest j u st l i ke h is father. The a pp le doesn 't fa l l fa r from the tree.
- Don 't te l l you r fr iends . P lease keep it a l l i n the fa m i ly .
We' re happy Tom i s stay i ng w i th us . He 's l i ke one of the fa m i ly .
Don 't abandon you r son . He 's you r f lesh and b lood .
1 1 . a . restr icted to peop le i n the fa m i ly
b . someth i n g that is com mon to fam i ly members
c. d ifferent from the rest of the fa m i ly
. . . . . d . you r i mmed iate re lat ives - ch i l d ren , s i b l i ngs, parents
e . l i ke a member of the fa m i ly
. . . . . f . g rows up to be s im i l a r to a parent
f l 1 "t . )f (
6. Read the expressions below. Which ones a re used to express agreement (A}? Which ones a re used to express d isagreement (D)?
. . . . . . . . . 1 . That's not the po i nt .
. . . . . . . . . 2 . That 's not the way I see it .
.. . . . . . . . 3 . That 's exact ly what I th i n k .
. . . . . . . . . 4 . You can 't be ser ious .
. . . . . . . . . 5 . I know what you mea n .
. . . . . . . . . 6 . How can you say that?
. . . . . . . . . 7. You 've got a po i nt .
......... 8 . You ' re r ight .
. . . . . . . . . 9 . That 's a good i dea .
. . . . . . . . . 1 0 . I ' m not su re a bout that .
7. Complete the sentences with a su itable expression from Exercise 6. There may be more than one correct answer.
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 .
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I never thought of it that way u nti l now.
lt seems wrong to me .
I need to th i n k a bout it a b i t more .
I feel exact ly the same way.
C' U n it 5
. ·-6sl . _____ 1
1 . Translate the fol lowing words and expressions.
ba rga in
be long ings
benefit
bonfi re
b rand
consumerism
debts
d i scount
gadget
gea r
merchand ise
out let
past ime
price tag
rece ipt
refund
shopkeeper
sweatshop
stuff
afford
ca rry
2. Find the fol lowing.
exchange
nag
sp l u rge
tease
m iserab le
overpriced
p rice consc ious
ready-made
do bus iness with
do more ha rm than good
do one 's best
do one 's duty
do someone a favo u r
do t h e shopp ing
make a dea l
make a l iv i ng
make a m i stake
make a statement
make a n effort
make an excuse
make fr iends
1 . a ph rasa l verb that means " to com pa re pr ices "
2 . at least five words that have the sa me form as a noun and a s a verb
3. an exp ression that means " not havi ng to pay a nyth i ng "
4. two adjectives that can be used to descr i be someone
pay a debt
pay a fortune
pay attent ion
pay someone a
comp l iment
pay someone a vis it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
pay the b i l l s
pay the pr ice
come to
g ive out
p ick out
shop a round
snap up
stock up on
free of charge
free t r ia l
get r id of
go out of bus iness
on sa le
out of bou nds
3. Which of the fol lowing does NOT form a col location with the word do?
wel l I homework I l a u n d ry I conversat ion I you r sha re
- Translate the fol lowing sentences.
The shop is go ing out of bus iness, so there a re lots of g reat barga i ns .
-I can 't afford a ny of th i s stuff beca use it 's so overpr iced .
Can you do me a favour a n d b uy some ready-made food on the way home?
- . She doesn 't m a ke fr iends eas i ly because she 's a lways m isera b le .
J . I excha nged the camp ing gear a n d rece ived a refu n d .
\(Q_�_9.J?.Y . . . . . . . . . . . Y . . _g_�.t�.P.: � J.Q. P.: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
COMPOUND ADJECTIVES
5 . Match I to 1 1 to form as many compound adjectives as you can. Use a d ictionary to help you . Some of the words in 1 1 can be used with more than one word in I .
1 1
1 ' over a . work i ng
2 . ready b . m i nded
3 . h a rd c . fa mous
4. pa rt d . consc ious
5 . wor ld e. centred
6 . self f . p riced
7 . open g . t ime
8 . p rice h . made
6. Complete the sentences with a su itable compound adjective from Exercise 5 .
1 . He's a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m i l l i ona i re . He got no he lp f rom a nyone .
2 . Th is i s a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . job . Perhaps we wi l l be a b le to offer you more hours i n the futu re .
3 . These c lothes a re . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I won 't spend that amount of money.
4. We didn 't have time to cook, so we bought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . food .
5 . He 's a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . man w h o never th i n ks a bout other people .
. f.Y.P.:.�t..�.Q-�_9.:.l.. . . �-�P.:g_y_9.:g� . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 . Complete the sentences with a suitable expression below.
You won 't be sorry. • Do you take cre d it cards? • They/re top q u a l i ty.
H ave you g ot a nyt h i n g chea per? • I 'm afra id we've r u n out of those.
1 . I 'd l i ke to pay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sha l l I look for a nother sty le?
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . That's why they ' re so expens ive .
4. These sh i rts a re too expensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
e U n it 6
�---------! I < l a I n i > I to l e:
l r I > I � � � I
I � l t= ! o l t'Tj I � I l----.1
!
!69 ________ _
L ________ - -
EXAM
PRACTICE
1 Th i n k Ecotou rism
j 2 Where Have Al l the Grandpa rents Gone?
3 Sport for Peace and More
4 Coober Pedy - Wh ite Man's Hole i n the G round
5 Presenting the Mocku mentary
6 The Chooky Dancers
----72 I ____ _j
1l Think Ecotourism
Tom was really excited - at least for a short time. Last n ight, his parents came home and announced that the family
was going on holiday to an i sland that is famous for its waves. Immediately, images of a luxurious hotel, with its
own private beach, came to Tom's mind. Sadly for him, this was not to be. Their accommodation was going to be in
a "homestay" - living together with a local family. Tom's parents explained to him that touri sm consumes massive
amounts of energy and i s a huge contributor to the destruction of our planet. For thi s reason, they will use transport
and services that use less energy, thereby reducing environmental damage. They assured him that this was the only
way to minimise their carbon footprint (the amount of carbon emissions each of us creates) . Tom and his family are
going to be ecotourists.
Ecotourism means travelling to isolated areas where tourists can enjoy the scenery, wildlife and local culture, while
at the same time improving the lives of the local people and helping conserve the environment. Tourists stay in
environmentally-friendly accommodation or l ive with the locals in a homestay. There, they can choose to unwind
and take in the local sites or go out into the fields to help harvest the crops. In this way, both the tourists and the
locals exchange something more significant than just money.
I nterestingly, ecotourism has now become so popular that it is not uncommon to see luxury ecotourism packages
advertised, promising all the luxuries of an expensive holiday with the added benefit of knowing that you are doing
your bit to save the planet. So, if you want to travel like Tom and his family, reduce your carbon footprint, and still
ensure that you are travelling both comfortably and responsibly, check out the destinations l isted on the International
Ecotourism Society website. And if that doesn't work for you, you can always ride your bike to the nearest national
park and simply pitch your tent there.
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . I f you stay in a " homestay " , you a lways . . . .
a . re lax and ta ke i n the loca l s ites
b. work in the f ie lds
c . stay i n the home of a l oca l fam i ly
2 . The I nternationa l Ecotou r ism Society website
has . . . .
a . a l i st of envi ron menta l ly-fr ien d ly travel
desti nat ions
b . i nformat ion a bout Tom and h i s fam i ly
c . l uxu ry ho l iday packages advert ised
2. Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa lse). F ind evidence in the text to justify your answers.
. . . . . . . . . 1 . Our p lanet i s be ing da maged by the tou ri st
i nd ustry.
. . . . . . . . . 2 . Loca l people benefit from ecotou r i sm .
. . . . . . . . . 3 . Ecoto u r i sm means stay ing i n s imp le
accom modat ion .
3. F ind words or expressions in the text that mear
1 . huge (parag raph 1 )
2 . re lax (pa rag ra ph 2 )
3 . u n usua l (paragraph 3)
4. exa m i ne (parag raph 3)
4. Complete the sentences us ing the information
g iven in the text.
1 . Tom m ust have been d i sappoi nted when . .
2. C a rbon footp r i nts a re the resu lt of . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Write a com position of about 1 00-1 50 words in your notebook. Choose ONE option .
1 . An o p i n ion essay: What is you r idea l ho l iday?
G ive reasons .
2 . A for and a g a i nst essay: The advantages and
d i sadva ntages of a n ecotou r ism ho l iday .
�·' Exam Practice
Where Have All the Grandparents Gone?
After their second freezing winter in Manchester, retired teacher Col in and his wife Angela made a life-changing
decision. They would say goodbye to the UK, their family and friends, and start a new life in the sun. After checking
out a few alternatives, a decis ion was made to move to a small village in the South of France. Colin explains, "Once
I ' d retired, I found it really expensive being at home all day. My heating bills soared and I felt trapped in the gloomy
English climate."
Colin and Angela are two Bri tish pensioners, out of more than three million, who have chosen somewhere else in
Europe to l ive, mainly i n Spain and the South of France. The ri sing cost of l iving and the bad cl imate in the UK are
the main reasons for their leaving. With the emergence of the European Union, all European pensioners could move
if they wanted to and still receive their pensions. However, it seems that thi s is a phenomenon typical of Bri tish
pensioners. Consequently, estate agents in Spain and France actively target them, selling them the dream of a "l ife in
the sun". There are some towns on the Costa del Sol in Spain where it is hard to find a Spanish speaker, and fish and
chip shops and golf courses are everywhere .
British retirees are generally received with enthusiasm since much of the local economy is dependent on the
newcomers' money. British pensioners, who are looking for an authentic French village or a l ivelier town under the
Spanish sun, can find one at a bargain price, while still receiving their British pensions. It seems that it is now up to
the British travel agents to target the grandchildren - "Holidays in France and Spain at unbelievable prices, with a
trip to visit Grandma and Grandpa thrown in , too !"
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . Co l i n a n d Ange la dec ided to leave the U K
beca use . . . .
a . Co l i n wa nted to teach i n a sma l l vi l l age i n
t h e South o f Fra nce
b . l i fe i n Eng l and was too expens ive and cold
c . they were reti red
2 . Th ree m i l l ion B r i t i sh pens ioners . . . .
a . l ive i n Spa i n and the South of F rance
b . left the U K because of the bad c l i mate
c. l ive e l sewhere in E u rope
2 . Complete these sentences using the information given in the text.
1 . Al l E u ropean pens ioners have the r ight to . . . . . . . .
2 . As th i s is a B r i t i sh phenomenon , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Find words or express ions in the text that mean the opposite of:
1 . decreased (pa rag raph 1 )
2 . b r ight (parag raph 1 )
3 . d isappea ra nce (pa rag raph 2 )
4 . Rewrite the sentence without chang ing its orig ina l mean ing .
The r i s i ng cost of l iv i ng and the bad c l i mate a re
the reasons for the i r leavi n g .
They left . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True) or F (False). F ind evidence in the text to justify your answers.
. . . . . . . . . 1 . B r it i sh pens ioners receive the i r pens ions
wh i l e l iv i ng outs ide of Eng l and .
. . . . . . . . . 2 . Hous ing i n Spa i n and i n the South of F ra nce
is more affordab le than i n the U K .
. . . . . . . . . 3 . B r it ish t ravel agents a re offer i ng ho l i days
to Spa i n with a free tr i p to v is i t the
grand parents .
6. Write a composition of about 1 00- 1 50 words in your notebook. Choose ONE option .
1 . A d i a log ue : Write a d ia logue between C o l i n
and Jack , a recent B ri t i sh reti ree w h o i s p lan n i ng
to move to the South of Fra nce .
2 . An i nterv iew: Write an i nterv iew between an
estate agent a nd a B r it ish pens ioner who wants
to buy a house i n the Costa de l So l .
I I I I I m I >< I > I � I � I � ' > I n
� n m
i I L-·---------: -·
l 74 ! ______ j
Sport for Peace and More
The scene was a familiar one - a basketball match . Like in any such event, the tension could be felt in the air.
Everyone took a deep breath as Ruba stood ready to shoot. She stood, aimed and effortlessly shot the ball into
the hoop. There was an enthusiastic cheer as the crowd expressed their joy. However, this was more than just
another match . This was the realisation of a young Iraqi girl ' s dream - to be just like everyone else and to have the
opportunity to play sport.
Sports lessons, tournaments and camps are a part of a child's normal everyday life in the developed world. Whether a
child chooses to participate or not, they have endless opportunities . Yet, in much of the developing world, where war
is too often the norm, sport is not always part of a child's reality.
Sport for Peace, run by UNESCO (the United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization),
understands that sport can be a method for change in areas of conflict and hardship. They assert on their website that:
"Sport is a powerful tool to strengthen social ties and networks, and to promote ideals of peace, fraternity, solidarity,
non-violence, tolerance and justice."
In El Salvador, where tensions have long existed with neighbouring Honduras, a Sport for Peace programme was
set up to encourage greater participation in physical education and sport, in order to put a stop to violence, drug use
and hatred. And in Mozambique, a country where talking about AIDS is taboo, a sports programme was also set up
to provide information about HIV and AIDS. The participants were provided with unique sporting opportunities and
educational sessions about AIDS prevention and treatment.
With numerous other such projects and organisations using sport to encourage cooperation, friendship and peace, it
goes without saying that sport can do more than simply produce a healthy body and mind.
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . The crowd was very enth us iast ic because . . . .
a . Ruba was the i r favou rite basketba l l p layer
b . Ruba was l i ke everyone e l se
c. Ruba 's part ic ipat ion was the rea l i sat ion of a
d ream
2 . C h i l d ren i n the developed wor ld . . . .
a . have many sport i ng opportu n it ies
b . have to go to ca m p
c . don 't l i ke t o be long t o a sports team
3 . The Sport for Peace p rog ramme i n E l Sa lvador . . . .
a . caused a war with Honduras
b . sent p layers to Hon d u ras
c . a i med to red uce v io lence and d rug use
2. Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa lse). F ind evidence in the text to justify your answers.
. . . . . . . . . 1 . A sports p rogra mme was estab l i shed i n
Moza m bique t o promote A I D S awareness .
. . . . . . . . . 2 . The write r be l i eves that sport doesn 't rea l ly
contr ibute to p romot ing peace .
3. Rewrite the sentences without changing their orig ina l mean ing .
1 . A Sport for Peace p rog ramme was set u p to
encou rage g reater pa rt ic ipat ion in physica l
ed ucat ion and sport .
G reater pa rt ic i pat ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . I n Moza mb iq ue, ta l k i ng a bout A IDS is taboo .
lt is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Find words in the text that mean:
1 . without d iff icu lty
(pa rag raph 1 )
2 . go on and on (pa rag raph 2)
3. to m ake stronger
(pa rag raph 3)
4 . esta b l i shed (pa rag raph 4)
5. Write a composition of about 1 00-1 50 words in your notebook. Choose ONE option.
1 . An o pi n io n essay: Do you ag ree that sport ea � br ing a bout change i n everybody's l ife 7 Exp la ...
the reasons for you r answer.
2 . An interv iew: I nterv iew R u ba a bout her
exper iences p lay i ng basketba l l a nd her t r ip to
the U SA .
C: Exam Practice
Coober Pedy - White Man's Hole in the Ground
After a gruelling 850 km drive from Adelaide, with virtually nothing to look at but the Australian desert, or the
"Outback" as the locals l ike to call it, you eventually reach Coober Pedy, the opal capital of the world.
Following the discovery of massive quantities of precious opal gemstones by Willie Hutchinson in 1 9 1 5 , fortune
seekers from all over the country came to this isolated area in search of the valuable, colourful stones that would
make them rich . Armed with little more than a pick and shovel, these early miners began tunnelling underground.
Word spread fast, and Coober Pedy, or "White Man's Hole in the Ground", as the local Aborigines called it, was
founded.
At first glance, the town looks almost deserted, with nothing but a few shacks, the occasional bush and a small
number of trees. Scattered over the landscape are tall pipes that operate as ventilation spouts, providing oxygen to the
people l iving and working underground.
With temperatures of over 40 degrees in summer and as low as 6 degrees in winter, the weather conditions can make
life above ground unbearable. As a result, the early settlers decided that they would stay underground 24 hours a day,
where temperatures remained comfortable all year. Over time, abandoned mines were converted into homes, known
as "dugouts", which is where most of the locals live to this day.
The opal capital of the world is not a pretty place, yet it is well worth a visit. So, if you want to experience life in an
underground town, and pick up a few opals while you are there, I strongly recommend a stay in Coober Pedy, in the
middle of the Australian nowhere.
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . The " Outback " refers to . . . .
a . Coober Pedy
b. the Austra l i an desert
c. the road from Ade la ide to C oober Pedy
2. Wi l l i e H utch i nson . . . .
a . was a n Aborig i ne
b . was d iscovered i n 1 9 1 5
c . u ncovered l a rge depos its of opa l s i n the a rea
3. Wh ich of the fo l lowi ng is essent ia l to the peop le
of Coober Pedy?
a. t rees
b. vent i lat ion spouts
c. shacks
2. Find words or expressions in the text that mean :
1 . exha usti ng (pa rag raph 1 )
2 . a sol i tary p lace (pa rag raph 2)
3 . a ba ndoned (paragraph 3)
4 . severe and physica l ly u ncomforta b le
(paragraph 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa lse). Find evidence in the text to justify your answers.
. . . . . . . . . 1 . " Wh ite M a n 's Ho le in the G rou nd " was
the name g iven to the town by W i l l ie
H utch in so n .
. . . . . . . . . 2 . T h e ta l l p i pes a re essentia l for l i fe
u nderg round .
4. Answer the question.
Why is the isolated town of Coober Pedy sti l l
attractive to v is itors?
5. Write a composition of about 1 00- 1 50 words in your notebook. Choose ONE option.
1 . A for and aga i nst essay: The adva ntages and
d i sadvantages of l ivi ng u n derground .
2 . A descr i pt ion : Descr ibe a town or c ity that you
have v is ited .
-1 ,--·--------- , I I
m ' >< > �
' '""' · � > ('j � � n m
I I L ____ , ___ L
)
:-76]
Presenting the Mockumentary
It was 8 pm on Sunday, 30th October 1 938 , and millions of Americans were sitting around their wirelesses l istening
to a radio show, when it appeared to be intenupted by a news broadcast. Listeners were told that "a huge flaming
object" had fallen from the sky onto a farm in New Jersey, and aliens from another planet were exiting what
appeared to be a spaceship. The nation panicked. The broadcast was so lifelike that it seemed to actually be happening.
In fact, the broadcast was a radio play, adapted from H .G. Wells' 1 898 novel, The War of the Worlds. The location
had been changed, but the story was still that of a Martian invasion of Earth. Orson Welles, the creator, was accused
of purposely causing nationwide panic. However, what he was really aiming to do was to produce a new style of
entertainment which would blur the line between reality and fiction . This genre would later become known as the
mockumentary.
Mockumentaries appear to be documentaries relating real-life events interspersed with interviews. Initially, the
audience may think that what they are witnessing is real, but the often outrageous content ultimately makes it clear
that it is , in fact, a fictional representation .
One of the best examples of this genre is the British TV series The Office, which portrays the daily running of a
paper company in an ordinary English town. At first glance, the manager, David Brent, is seemingly professional, but
the viewer soon realises that he's completely unprofessional, and his staff is unmotivated and ordinary. The scenarios
that arise in the workplace are both embanassing and hilarious .
The genius of this show, and other successful mockumentaries, is the combination of clever scriptwriting along with
improvisations by talented actors, and the use of seemingly hidden cameras that record events as they "unfold". This
is achieved through the use of satire, while pushing the traditional boundaries of film making. However, if the
audience misses the opening credits, they may mistakenly believe that they are watching the news, which could once
again result in panic.
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . Wirelesses ( l i ne 1 ) refer to . . . .
a . computers without w i res
b. h uge f lam i ng objects
c. rad ios
2. On Sunday, 30th October 1 938 , many people
thought they were l i sten i ng to . . . .
a . a mockumenta ry
b . a news broadcast
c. a weather forecast
3 . Many peop le pan icked beca use . . . .
a . they were convi nced a l iens had la nded
b . a l iens were about to l and
c . a l i ens had l anded
2 . Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa lse). F ind evidence in the text to justify your answers.
. . . . . . . . . 1 . The War of the Worlds was ori g i n a l ly a rad io
p lay.
. . . . . . . . . 2 . M ockumenta r ies appear to be
docu menta r ies, but a re in fact f ict iona l .
. . . . . . . . . 3 . The Office is not a good examp le of a
mock u mentary.
3. Complete the sentences using the information g iven in the text.
1 . An Eng l i sh paper company is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 . Un less the aud ience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Find words or expressions in the text that mean :
1 . rea l ist ic (parag raph 1 )
2 . make unclea r (pa rag ra ph 2)
3 . shock ing (pa rag raph 3 )
4. l i m its (paragraph 5)
5. Write a composition of about 1 00- 1 50 words in you r notebook. Choose ONE option.
1 . An o p i n ion essay: I n you r op i n ion , a re
mocku menta r ies a good form of enterta i n ment?
Exp l a i n why or why not.
2. A for a n d a g a i n st essay: What a re the
adva ntages and d isadvantages of watch i ng a
mocku menta ry?
fr Exam Practice
The Chooky Dancers
Ten young Aboriginal men, covered in white facial paint and dressed in traditional clothes, are on stage . The crowd
is quiet and respectful as they wait for the men to begin a traditional Aboriginal dance depicting a tale from the
"Dream time" - the Aboriginal story of creation. A techno version of the theme song from the 1 964 film Zorba the Greek begins to play, surprising the audience. They go wild, watching the dancers moving to the music. This
fusion of Aboriginal and Greek cultures is both innovative and hilarious. Unknown to everyone, this is the start
of something big for the Chooky Dancers of Elcho Island, located off the coast of Arnhem Land, in the Northern
Territory of Austral ia.
Dance, used for telling stories about Dreamtime, has always been an important aspect of Aboriginal culture . For
Aborigines, Dreamtime was when the world was created by massive creatures that looked like animals, plants and
insects . As the creatures roamed the world in search of food and water, they created the mountains, valleys and
plains. These mythical creatures then passed on their wisdom to the Aborigines, who protected their heritage and
traditional way of life through various ceremonies, songs and dances sti l l practised to this day.
For young people growing up in remote parts of Australia, such as Elcho Island, their heritage is very important.
However, they are not cut off from other cultures . Modern technologies, such as the Internet, with its ability to reach
the most remote places on the planet, have exposed the Aborigines to other cultures and vice versa. In 2007, the
world was introduced to the Chooky Dancers, who uploaded their version of Zorba the Greek onto YouTube . Their
success was in stantaneous - "These boy s came from nowhere, and after 1 2 months they are celebrit ies
themselves ," - explained their manager, Frank Dj irrimbilpilwuy.
The magic of the Chooky Dancers is their ability to combine traditional Aboriginal dance with music and dance
styles from other cultures. They are also very funny to watch. The Chooky Dancers' success has given young
Aboriginal teenagers throughout Australia a sense of pride and enthusiasm.
1 . Choose the correct answer.
1 . The aud ience is goi ng wi ld beca use . . . .
a . they love techno m us ic
b . they love the f i lm Zorba the Greek
c. the performance is both unexpected and
h u morous
2. The dancers . . . .
a . expected to become famous
b . d i d n 't know that they were about to become
famous
c . were famous i n G reece
2. Decide if the fol lowing sentences a re T (True) or F (Fa lse). Find evidence in the text to justify your answers.
. . . . . . . . . 1 . Abor ig i nes be l i eve that mass ive creatu res
created the " D reamti me " .
. . . . . . . . . 2 . Myth i ca l c reatu res gave the i r knowledge to
the Abor ig i nes .
. . . . . . . . . 3 . Peop le on E lcho I s la nd a re not exposed to
other cu l tu res .
3. Complete the sentence using the information g iven in the text.
By up load i ng the i r v ideo onto YouTube, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Answer the question.
Accord i ng to the writer, what i s the C hooky
Dancers ' g reatest success?
5. F ind words or expressions i n the text that mean:
1 . comb i nat ion (pa rag raph 1 )
2 . fu n ny (pa rag raph 1 )
3 . t rave l l ed (pa rag raph 2)
4 . i so lated (paragraph 3)
6. Write a composition of about 1 00- 1 50 words in your notebook. Choose ONE option .
1 . An i nforma l l etter : Write a letter to a fr iend
descri b i ng an u n usua l performance that you have
seen recent ly.
2 . An o p i n ion essay: Do you prefer l ive
performances or l i sten i ng to m us ic C Ds? Exp la i n
you r a nswer.
APPENDICE S
Student Learning Record
Translation Exercises
I rregular Verbs
Ph rasal Verbs
Prepositions
r-79---L _____ _
Ur1it 1
I can . . . .
use p ictu res a n d a tit le to p red ict content
use an appropr iate strategy to answer True I Fa l se questions
recogn ise and use com mon co l locat ions and suff ixes
use the Present and Past Perfect Cont i n uous tenses correctly
use gerunds and i nf in it ives correctly
ta l k about a p i ctu re
write a for a n d aga i nst essay, us ing con nectors of add ition , contrast
a nd exam p le
T nit J. I can . . . .
rea d a text for genera l i nformation
use an approp riate strategy to answer m u lt ip le-choice q uestions
recogn ise and use com mon ph rasa l verbs and i d ioms
use moda ls and moda l perfects correctly
u se the correct l anguage for reach i ng an ag reement
write a forma l l etter of comp l a i nt
lJnit 1 I can . . . .
i dentify the ma i n i dea of a pa rag raph
use a n appropr iate strategy to comp lete sentences
recogn i se a n d use com mon verbs and p repos it ions
use the pass ive tenses and the causative cor rectly
con d uct a persona l i nterview, ask ing a n d answeri ng questions
write an op in ion essay, us i ng con nectors of cause, resu lt a nd pu rpose
Need to
im prove
Need to
improve
Need to
i m prove
Good
at th i s
Good
at th i s
Good
at th i s
Very good
at th i s
Very good
at th i s
Very good
at th i s
Unit 4
I can . . . .
scan a text for specif ic i nformat ion
use a n a pp ropr iate strategy to answer open quest ions
recogn ise and use com mon ph rasa l verbs and i d ioms
u se reported speech correctly
compare and contrast p ictu res
write a descr ipt ion of an event, us i ng a djectives a n d adverbs
to add i nte rest
Unit 5
I can . . . .
make i nferences when read i ng a text
use a n appropri ate strategy to f i nd synonyms a n d a ntonyms
use the correct form of a word
recogn ise and use p h rasa l verbs a bout fam i ly
recogn ise and use both defi n i ng and non-defi n i ng c lauses
express agreement and d isag reement
write a na rrative, us i ng express ions of t ime a n d sequence
Unit 6
I can . . . .
use p ronoun references to u nde rstan d a text
recogn ise and use com mon col l ocat ions and p h ra sa l verbs
form con d it iona l sentences, t ime c lauses and wish c lauses correct ly
use the correct l anguage for shopp ing
write a s u m m a ry of a text us ing pa ra p h ras ing
Need to
improve
Need to
improve
Need to
i m prove
If Student Learn ing Record
Good
at th i s
Good
at th is
Good
at th i s
Very good
at th i s
Very good
at th i s
Very good
at th i s
�----_ i I > I �
I � I � j r; ' tT:1 1 (/)
l __ _
181-----_ '-----
·-------l 8 2 I
UNIT 1 1 . M is padres s iempre se han enorg u l lec ido de mi .
2 . (_ C uando te d i ste cuenta de que te habfan
enganado?
3 . N unca me ha i nteresad o coti l l ea r sobre famosos.
4. La impres ionante carre ra de A lmod6va r lo ha
convert ido en un icono cu ltu ra l para n uestro
pafs .
5. La po l i cfa l l evaba t re i nta m i nutos pers igu iendo a l
sospechoso cuando f i na l mente lo cog i6 .
6 . Par i s H i lton estaba d i sgustada porq ue un
per i6d ico sensaciona l i sta hab fa pub l icado que
l l evaba tomando d rogas desde que e ra una
ado lescente .
7 . L levamos q ueja ndonos de la escanda losa
conducta de nuestros n uevos vec i nos desde que
se muda ron .
8 . Cameron D iaz estaba a brumada po r e l n umero
de ad m i radores que l l evaban horas espera ndo
pa ra ver l a .
UNIT 2 1 . Debemos empezar a rec ic la r nuestra basu ra pa ra
sa lva r n u estro p l aneta .
2 . Debes hacer camb ios en tu v ida d i a r ia pa ra
red uci r tu h ue l l a de ca rbono .
3 . No deberfan constru i r e l nuevo vertedero cerea
de nuestro barr io .
4 . T im n unca l lega ta rde . Su coche ha deb ido de
averi a rse .
5. Deb ido a l efecto i nvernadero, la tem peratu ra de l
p l aneta puede sub i r m ucho .
6 . M a s va le q u e no tomes pa rte en l a p rotesta :
pod r fa volverse v io lenta .
7 . E l gob ierno deberfa haber gastado mas d i nero
en energ fas renovables .
8 . Sera mejo r que paremos l a exp lotaci6n foresta l
i l ega l porque esta destruyendo n uestros
bosques .
UNIT 3 1 . Las pag i nas web de redes soc ia les son ut i l izadas
por m i l lones de personas en todo e l m undo .
2 . Algu nos m6vi les v iejos t ienen que ca rga rse
todos Ios d fas .
3 . A Sand ra le entregaron su nuevo portat i l esta
manana .
4 . La mayorfa de l a s pag i nas de I n ternet son
cons i deradas bastante seg uras .
5. Los a rt fcu los de la W ik i ped ia pueden ser escritos
por cua lqu iera con acceso a I nternet .
6 . Me estan a rreg lando l a va l l a porq ue resu lt6
danada en la tormenta la semana pasada .
7 . A todos Ios usua r ios se l es va a envi a r u na n ueva
contrasena tan p ronto como sea pos ib le .
"' L C6mo puedo hacer q ue barren m is fotos de
Goog le?
UNIT 4 1 . A lgunos a l u m nos af i rma ron que hab ia s ido u n
examen bastante d ifici l .
2 . M e preg u ntaba c6mo u n a foto pod ia p rovoca r
u nas emoc iones tan fuertes .
3 . S u perd rug neg6 que se a provecha ra de c l ientes
i nocentes pa ra hacerles gasta r d i nero .
4 . Papa se quej6 de que no pod ia soporta r ese
ru ido ensordecedor.
5. Queria n saber cuanto t iempo habia estado
trabajando Sara h pa ra una com pa n ia fi nanc iera
en Lon d res .
6 . J usti n acced i6 a q uedarse despues de la f iesta
pa ra recoger.
7 . Le p reg u nta ron a l senor Andersen si ha ria a l g u n
sabor ra ro de he lado en e l futu ro .
8 . Tom me a dvi rti6 que no aca r ici a ra a su perro
porque podia morderme.
UNIT 5 1 . Los perros, que pueden i nc luso nota r el m iedo
en las personas, son u nos a n i m a les m uy
i nte l igentes .
2 . J i m my se ha conformado con u n t rabajo en
u n pequeno pueb lo de l que n u nca hab ia o ido
hab l a r.
3 . Sa l ly, que necesita tomarse u n descanso en e l
trabajo, esta buscando un a pa rtamento en l a
costa .
4. Mi pr ima Jason s iempre se l l eva b ien con la
gente con la que t ra baj a .
ft Translation Exercises
5. John , cuyos padres son verdadera mente
estrictos, n u nca cons igue hacer lo que q u iere .
6 . N unca olvi da re e l d ia en que m i ma r ido y yo nos
prometi mos.
7. Hoy l a mayoria de I as pareja s estan cr iando a u n
solo h ijo en Espa na , donde l a gente esta so ltera
hasta Ios tre i nta .
8 . Ma ry, que es bastante egocentr ica, romp i6 con
su novio la semana pasada .
UNIT 6 1 . Yo me ha ria a rt i sta si fuera pos i b le gana rse la
v ida con e l a rte .
2 . Tan pronto como haya un descuento en estas
chaq uetas, se agota ra n .
3 . Yo, en t u l uga r, no derrocha ria tanto d i nero e n
ropa de d i seno .
4 . Oja l a hub iera mos p restado mas atenc i6n a l a
exp l i caci6n .
5. Oja la pud ie ra permit i rme v iaj a r a las p r6x imas
o l i mp iadas .
6 . ( Me ha rias u n favor y me presta rias d i nero s i
qu is ie ra un cache n uevo?
7 . No habrian encontrado una ganga tan buena
s i no h ub iera n estado de t ienda en t ienda
com pa rando precios d u rante horas .
8 . A M i ke no le ha ra n un reem bo lso a no ser que
encuentre el rec ibo que le d ie ron .
r------_ I
I L __ _
IRREGULAR VERB S be /bi:/ was I were /wnz/wJ:/ been /bi:n/ se r, estar
beat /bi:t/ beat /bi:t/ beaten / 'bi:tn/ golpear
beco me/bi 'kAm/ became /bi 'kerm/ becom e /br'kAm/ llegar a ser
beg i n /b1 'gm/ began /bi 'gc.en/ begun /br'g,m / empezar
bend /bend/ bent /bent/ bent /bent/ doblar(se)
bet /bet/ bet /bet/ bet /bet/ apostar
b ite /ban/ bit /brt/ b itten / 'brtn/ morder
bleed /bli:d/ b led /bled/ b led / bled/ sangrar
blow /bt:>u/ b lew /blu:/ b lown /bl;:wn / soplar
break /brerk/ broke /brduk/ broken / 'brdukn/ romper
bri ng /bnu/ brought /bn:t/ brought /bn:t/ t raer
bu i ld /brld/ b u i lt /bilt/ bu i l t /bilt/ construir
burn /bJ:n/ burnt I burned /bJ:n t/bJ:nd/ burnt I burned /bJ:n t/bJ:nd/ que mar
burst /bJ:st/ burst /bJ:st/ burst /bJ:st/ reventa r, est a lla r
buy /bar/ bought /b::n/ bought /b::xt/ comprar
catch /kc.etf I caught / b:t/ caught / k::xt/ eager, atrapar
choose /tf u:z/ chose ltfduz/ chosen / ' tfduzn/ elegir
co m e /kAm/ came /kenn/ come / kAm/ venir
cost /knst/ cost /knst/ cost /knst/ cos tar
cut /kAt/ cut / kAt/ cut / kAt/ cortar
dea l / di:l/ dea lt I delt/ dealt I delt/ comerciar, tratar
d ig /dig/ dug /dAg/ dug /dAg/ cavar
do /du:/ d id /drd/ done /dAn/ hacer
draw /dn:/ drew / dru:/ drawn / dn:n/ dibujar
dream / dri:m/ dreamt I dreamed d reamt I d reamed sonar I dremt/ dri:md/ I dremt/ dri:md/
dr ink /dnuk/ dra n k I drc.euk/ drunk / drAuk/ bebe r
drive /drarv/ drove I drduv I driven /'drrvn/ conducir
eat /i:t/ ate /ert/ eaten / ' i:tn/ eo mer
fa l l /b:l/ fe l l /fell fa l len / 'f::>:ln/ caer(se)
feed /fi:d/ fed /fed/ fed /fed/ alimentar
fee l /fi:l/ fe lt /felt/ fe lt /felt/ sentir(se)
fig ht /fait/ fought / b:t/ fought /b:t/ luchar
f ind /farnd/ found /faund/ found /faund/ encontrar
fly /flar/ f lew / fl u:/ f lown /fldun/ volar
forget / fd 'get/ forgot /fd'gnt/ forgotten /fd 'gntn/ olvidar
forg ive /fd'grv/ forgave /fd'gerv/ forg iven /fd'grvn/ perdonar
freeze /fri:z/ froze I frduz/ frozen / 'frduzn/ congelar(se)
get /get/ got /gnt/ got / gnt/ conseguir; llegar
g ive /grv/ gave / gerv/ g iven /'grvn/ dar
go /gdu/ went /went/ gone / gnn/ i r
grow / grdu/ grew / gru:/ grown /grdun/ crecer; cultivar
hang /hc.eu/ h ung I hanged /hAu/hc.eud/ hung I hanged /hAu/hc.eud/ colgar
have /hc.ev/ had / hc.ed/ had /hc.ed/ ten er; haber
hear /hrd/ heard /lud/ heard /hJ:d/ ofr
h ide /haid/ h i d /hid/ h idden / 'hrdn/ esconder(se)
h it / h rt/ h i t /hrt/ h it /h it/ golpear, pegar
ho ld /hduld/ he ld /held/ he ld /held/ sujetar
h u rt /hJ:t/ h u rt /h J:t/ hurt /hJ:t/ herir, hacer dano
keep /ki:p/ kept /kept/ kept / kept/ guardar, mantener
know / ndu/ knew / nju:/ known / ndun/ saber, conocer
l ay /ler/ l a id / lerd/ l a i d /leid/ poner, extender
lead /li :d/ led /led/ l ed /led/ guiar, conducir
l earn /b:n/ lea rnt I lea rned /b:nt/b:nd/ lea rnt I l ea rned /b:nt/b:nd/ aprender
l eave /li:v I l eft /left/ l eft /left/ dejar; irse, salir
lend / lend/ l ent /lent/ lent /lent/ prestar
let / let/ l et / let/ l et /let/ permit i r, dejar
l i e /lai/ l ay /ler/ l a i n /!ern/ tumbarse, echarse ------,
84 i _________ j
e, I r regu la r Verbs
l i e /lai/ (reg u l a r verb) l ied /laid/ l i ed /laid/ mentir
l i ght /lait/ l it /lit/ I i t /lit/ encender
l ose /lu:z/ lost /lost/ lost /lost/ perder
make /meik/ made /meid/ made /merd/ hacer, fabricar
mean / mi:n/ meant /ment/ meant /ment/ significar, querer decir
meet /mi:t/ met /met/ met /met/ conocer a; reunirse con
pay /per/ pa id /perd/ paid /perd/ pagar
- ut /put/ put /put/ put /put/ poner
read /ri:d/ read /red/ read /red/ leer
r ide /rard/ rode /Pud/ r idden / 'ndn/ montar
r ing /n:u/ rang /rceu/ rung /rAu/ llamar (par telefono)
r ise /rarz/ rose /rduz/ r isen / ' nzn/ elevarse, alzarse
run /rAn/ ran /rcen/ run /r.m/ correr
say /sei/ sa i d /sed/ sa id /sed/ decir
see /si:/ saw /s:J:/ seen /si:n/ ver
se l l /sell so ld /sduld/ so ld /sduld/ vender
send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/ enviar
set /set/ set /set/ set /set/ colocar
sew /sdu/ sewed I sdud/ sewn /sdun/ cos er
shake /feik/ shook /fuk/ shaken / 'ferkn/ agitar
sh ine /Jam/ shone /fon/ shone /fon/ brillar
shoot I fu:t/ shot !fot/ shot !fot/ disparar
show !fdu/ showed I fdud/ shown /fdun/ mostrar
shut /fAt/ shut /fAt/ shut /fAt/ cerrar
s ing /siu/ sang /sceu/ sung /sAu/ can tar
s i nk /siuk/ san k /sceuk/ sunk /si\uk/ hundirse
s it /srt/ sat /scet/ sat /scet/ sentarse
s leep /sli:p/ s lept I slept/ s lept I slept/ dormir(se)
smel l I smell smelt I smel led smelt I smel led oler I smelt/ smeld/ I smelt/ smeld 1
speak /spi:k/ spoke /spduk/ spoken /'spdukn/ hablar
spe l l /spell spelt I spel led spelt I spe l led deletrear I spelt/ speld/ I spelt/ speld/
spend I spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/ gastar; pasar (tiempo)
spi l l /sprll sp i lt I sp i l led spi lt I spi l led derramar(se) I spilt/ spdd/ /sprlt/spild/
spo i l /sp:Jrll spo i lt I spo i l ed spoi lt I spo i l ed arruinar, estropear I sp:Jilt/ sp:Jild/ I sp:Jrlt/ sp:Jild/ r----------
spread I spred/ spread I spred/ spread /spred/ untar; difundir(se) I I spr ing /spnu/ spra ng /sprceu/ sprung /sprAu/ sal tar
stand /stcend/ stood I stud/ stood I stud/ estar de pie I stea l /sti:ll sto le /stdull sto len /'stduln/ robar I ! st ick I strk/ stuck I stAk/ stuck I stAk/ pegar
st ing /stru/ stu ng /stAU/ stung /stAU/ picar (un insecto) > swear /swed/ swore /sw:J:/ sworn /sw:J:n/ jurar � sweep /swi:p/ swept I swept/ swept /swept/ barrer � swim /swim/ swam /swcem/ swum /swAm/ nadar I � take / terk/ took / tuk/ taken / ' terkn/ coger, llevar I � teach / ti:tf/ taught / tJ:t/ taught /t=>:t/ ensenar j n tea r /ted/ tore /n/ torn /tJ:n/ romper, desgarrar I m te l l /tell to ld / tduld/ to ld /tduld/ decir, contar
I � th ink / 8ruk/ thought /8:J:t/ thought /8::n/ pensar
th row /8r;}u/ th rew I 8ru:/ th rown /8rdun/ arrojar, t irar
understand I i\nde'stcend/ understood I i\nde'stud/ understood I Ande'stud/ comprender, entender
wake up / 'werk Ap/ woke up / 'wduk "PI woken up / 'w;}ukn Ap/ despertar(se)
wear /wed/ wore /vo:/ worn /w:J:n/ llevar puesto, ponerse
win /wm/ won /wAn/ won /w"n/ ganar L ________
write I rait/ wrote I r;}ut/ written / 'rrtn/ escribir i-----------I 85 _I --------
\ I
--86l �-------J
I I IRA Al Vl:RI3 S
break down : estropearse, averiarse; echarse a llorar; descom ponerse
break up : separarse, romper
br ing . a long : traerse, traer consigo; l levarse, llevar cons1go
br ing back: traer a la memoria, recordar
br ing up : criar(se); plantear, sacar a colaci6n
ca l l back: volver a llamar
carry on : continuar
c lean up : limpiar, arreglar
come back: regresar, volver
come i n : entrar
come on : empezar ( - ! : j vamos ! , j Venga ! )
come rou nd : pasar, acercarse
come to: ascender a, sumar
cut down : reducir, recortar
dea l with : ocuparse I encargarse de
end up : terminar, acabar
feel l i ke : apetecer, tener ganas de
fig ht back: defenderse, contraatacar
fig u re out: comprender, explicarse
fi l l i n : rellenar (impreso o documento)
f ind out: descubrir, averiguar
fit i n : encajar, adaptarse; congeniar
get ahead : progresar, tener exito
get a long : llevarse bien
get back: volver, regresar
get by: arreglarselas
get off: bajar(se) I apearse de
get on : llevarse bien; subir(se), montar(se)
get over: reponerse, superar
get r id of: librarse I deshacerse de
get to: tener la oportunidad de
get together : reunir(se), juntar(se)
get up : levantarse; subir
g ive away: revelar; delatar
g ive back: devolver
g ive out: agotarse, acabarse; repartir, distribuir
g ive up : dejar, renunciar a
go away: irse, marcharse
go back: volver, regresar
go on : durar; continuar
go out: salir
g row apa rt : distanciarse
g row into: transformarse I convertirse en
grow out of: quedarse pequenola
grow up : criarse, crecer
hang around : juntarse I andar con; pasar el rata
hang on : esperar
hang out : pasar el rata
hang up : colgar (el telefono, un adorno)
ho ld on : esperar
let down : decepcionar, fallar, defraudar
l ive up to: estar a la altura de; viv ir de acuerdo con cumplir
'
look after: cuidar a I de
look a round : mirar alrededor
look for: buscar
, . r
look forward to: esperar con ansia, tener muchas ganas de, estar deseando
look out: tener cuidado
look up : buscar; ir a visitar; mejorar
look u p to: admirar I respetar a
make up : componer
miss out on : desaprovechar, desperdiciar, dejar pasar, perder
move away: irse, marcharse, mudarse
move i nto: trasladarse I mudarse a (un lugar especffico)
pass by: pasar
pay back: pagar (deuda), devolver (dinero); vengarse, hacer pagar caro
pay for: pagar; pagar par, ser castigadola
pay off: saldar, liquidar; valer I merecer la pena
pick out: elegir, escoger
pick up : aprender, adquirir; recoger; mejorar, reponerse
play back: volver a reproducir
push a round : intimidar
put off: aplazar, posponer
put on : representar; ponerse (ropa)
put u p with: aguantar, soportar
run away: escaparse, huir
run out (of) : quedarse sin
set back: retrasar
set off: provocar, desencadenar
set up : crear; fundar
shop around : ir de tienda en tienda comparando precios
snap up : no dejar escapar
stand for : significar
stand out: destacar, sobresalir
stand up : ponerse de pie, levantarse
sta rt out: empezar
sta rt over: volver a empezar
sta rt up : montar (un negocio)
stay away: alejarse; no acercarse
stock u p on : abastecer(se) de, comprar
take after: parecerse I salir a
take back: retractarse, retirar (lo dicho)
take on : enfrentarse a
take out: desquitarse
take over : adquirir, hacerse cargo de
take to: encarinarse con, eager carin a a
take up : empezar (actividad o hobby)
tang le up : enredar, enmaranar
tea r apart : hacer pedazos I trizas
th row out: tirar (a la basura)
t idy up : ordenar, recoger
try on : probarse (ropa)
turn a round : dar(se) la vuelta
turn down : bajar (el volumen); rechazar
turn i nto: covertir(se) en
turn off: apagar, desenchufar (un aparato)
turn on : encender (un aparato)
tu rn out: resultar, salir
use up : agotar, gastar
wipe out : exterminar
accuse of: acusar de
agree on : acordar, estar I ponerse de acuerdo (sabre)
app ly for: sol icitar, pedir
apply to: echar una solicitud, solicitar
argue about: discutir sabre I por
a rgue with : discutir con
a rrive at: llegar a
a rr ive i n : llegar a
beg i n with: empezar con I par
belong to: pertenecer a
care a bout: preocuparse I interesarse por
cl i m b up : subir I trepar (por)
comp la i n about : quej arse de, reclamar por
comp la in of: quejarse de
cons ist of: constar de, consistir en
depend on: depender de; contar con
d ie of: morir de
emerge from : salir de
enqu i re a bout: preguntar par, informarse de
f ight for: luchar par
goss ip about: cotillear I chismorrear sabre
hear a bout: enterarse de
hear from: saber I tener noticias de hear of: ofr hablar I saber de
i n s i st on: insistir en
i ntroduce to: dar a conocer; presentar
inv ite to: invitar a
lean on : apoyarse en
lea n out: asomarse
l i sten to: escuchar (a)
l og onto: entrar, abrir la sesi6n
part ic i pate i n : practicar (un deporte); participar I tomar parte en
poi nt at: senalar
point to: sen alar
prevent from : prevenir; evitar, impedir
protest aga i nst: protestar contra I sabre I acerca de
protrude from: (sobre)salir de
refer to: referirse I aludir a; denominar
re ly on : confiar en; depender de; contar con
rem ind a bout: recordar
rem ind of: recordar
rob of: robar, quitar
sea rch for: buscar
sme l l of: oler a
sta re at: mirar fijamente
stay at: quedarse en
ta l k a bout: habl ar de I sabre
ta l k to I with: hablar con
th i n k a bout: opinar (sabre), parecer; pensar en
th i n k of: pensar de I sabre
wa it for: esperar a
wa l k away: irse, marcharse
write about: escribir sabre
fl· Prepositions
ban on : prohibici6n de I sabre
des ire for: deseo I anhelo de
effect on: efecto en; influencia sabre
end of: final de
escape from : huida I evasion de
form of: forma de
group of: grupo de
i ncrease i n : a umento en I de
i nfatuation with : encaprichamiento con
need for: necesidad de
part of: parte de
p lenty of: muchola
reason for: raz6n para
sme l l of: olor a
so lut ion to: soluci6n a I de
dependent on : dependiente I que depende de
d ifferent from: diferente I distintola de
free from: sin, libre de
good at: buenola en I para
i nterested i n : interesadola en
i nvolved i n : metidola I involucradola en
jea lous of: (tener) envidia I celos de
overjoyed at: contentfsimola de, llenola de alegrfa par
pol ite to: educadola con
proud of: orgullosola de
sensit ive to: sensible a
s i m i la r to: similar I parecidola a
su itab le for: apropiadola I adecuadola para
unhappy with : descontentola con
8 7
P OI N T S
Also available in mu ltirom format on request
[3 Burlington Books
I S B N 9 7 8 - 9 9 6 3 - 4 7 - 9 7 6 - 4
ll l l ll l lll l ll l l l l l l l l l 9 7 8 9 9 6 3 4 7 9 7 6 4
