Vocabulary of Work 3

8/2/2019 Vocabulary of Work 3

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Vocabulary of work

A Report on Unemployment

ILO warns of a generation scarred by

a worsening global youth employmentcrisis

by Mary Adorjan for prep-year students (Etvs University, Hungary) 1


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ILO warns of a generation scarred by a

worsening global youth employment crisis

The following slides show the text we readduring class + some help with new words.

The article was adapted from the report on the

website below http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htm

The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary was

used for some explanations. Model sentences arein green.

Maria Adorjan (Etvs University, Hungary) 2
http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/press-and-media-centre/news/WCMS_165465/lang--en/index.htm


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a scarred generation

The International LabourOrganization (ILO) haswarned of a scarredgeneration of youngworkers facing adangerous mix of highunemployment, increasedinactivity and precariouswork in developedcountries, as well aspersistently high workingpoverty in the developingworld.

a scar is a mark left onthe skin after somedamage (Will theoperation leave a scar?)

a scar is also a permanentfeeling of sadness after abad experience

a scarred generation = adamaged generation



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precarious work

persistently high The International Labour

Organization (ILO) haswarned of a scarredgeneration of youngworkers facing adangerous mix of highunemployment, increasedinactivity and precariouswork in developedcountries, as well aspersistently high workingpoverty in the developingworld.

precarious = not safe, notcertain, not sure

The school is in afinancially precarious

position. = Maybe it willbe closed.

persistently= continuing

for a long period of time,it cannot be stopped



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developed countries

working poverty

The International LabourOrganization (ILO) haswarned of a scarredgeneration of young

workers facing a dangerousmix of highunemployment, increasedinactivity and precarious

work in developedcountries, as well aspersistently high workingpoverty in the developingworld.

developed countries (e.g. US)have many industries and acomplicated economic system

Opposite: developingcountries

poverty = noun, poor =adjective

working poverty (also calledin-work poverty) = you have ajob but you are still very poor,maybe because your wagesare very low, or you are theonly person who has a job inyour family, etc.



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7/20

trend, recession, social hazards

The Global EmploymentTrends for Youth: 2011Update says the bad luck ofthe generation entering thelabour market in the years of

the Great Recession brings notonly current discomfort fromunemployment, under-employment and the stress ofsocial hazards associated withjoblessness and prolonged

inactivity, but also possiblelonger term consequences interms of lower future wagesand distrust of the politicaland economic system.

trend = a tendency, adirection towards a situation(a growing trend towardsusing cars instead of bicycles)

entering the labour market =

getting a job for the first time Great Recession = economic

crisis since 2008

current = happening now

hazard = danger

social hazards = dangeroussituations in a country (e.g.unemployment, rising crimerate)

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prolonged, consequences, distrust

The Global Employment Trendsfor Youth: 2011 Update says thebad luck of the generationentering the labour market in theyears of the Great Recession

brings not only currentdiscomfort from unemployment,under-employment and the stressof social hazards associated withjoblessness and prolongedinactivity, but also possible longer

term consequences in terms oflower future wages and distrustof the political and economicsystem.

prolonged = for a long time

consequences = results ofsomething that has happened

(This decision could have seriousconsequences for the economy.)

distrust = a feeling that youcannot trust someone orsomething

!term means time or period(longer term consequences)

but in terms of is a connective

showing what aspect of a subjectyou are talking about. (The job isgreat in terms of salary, but it hasits disadvantages.)

http://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=globalhttp://www.ilo.org/empelm/pubs/WCMS_165455/lang--en/index.htm?ssSourceSiteId=global


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Please summarize what you have read

The Global EmploymentTrends for Youth: 2011Update says the bad luck ofthe generation entering thelabour market in the years of

the Great Recession brings notonly current discomfort fromunemployment, under-employment and the stress ofsocial hazards associated withjoblessness and prolonged

inactivity, but also possiblelonger term consequences interms of lower future wagesand distrust of the politicaland economic system.

The Great Recessioncauses short-term andlong-term problems , suchas

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10/20

collective frustration, contributing

factor, protest movements The report notes that this

collective frustration amongyouth has been a contributingfactor to protest movementsaround the world this year, as itbecomes increasingly difficult for

young people to find anythingother than part-time andtemporary work. The report addsthat in the Middle East and NorthAfrica, for example, over the past20 years approximately one infour youth have beenunemployed despite progressmade in the education of girlsand boys.

frustration = feeling annoyed andimpatient

collective = shared by everybody

collectivefrustration = all theyoung people are angry

contributingfactor = one of thecauses

protestmovement = people go outto the streets to show they areagainst something or someone

temporary = for a short time

approximately = about, circa

youth = young person

despite = connective, meansalthough, in spite of (see grammarbook!)



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12/20

update, cite, prospects, hiding out

The update cites difficult trends in

Ireland, where the youth

unemployment rate (which had risen

from 9 per cent in 2007 to 27.5 per

cent in 2010) could have been more

than 19.3 percentage points higher ifthose who were either hiding out

in the education system, or waiting at

home for prospects to improve, were

included in the analysis.

update = new report

cite = mention

prospects = good chances for thefuture

This is the most difficult part of thetext:

1. the unemployment rate has gonehigher

2. from 9 % (2007) to 27.5% (2010):this is what statistics show

3. but in reality the number is higher27.5+19.3%

4. this 19.3% of youth are at home orat university, they are not lookingfor a job, so statistics cannot seethem



13/20


The update cites difficulttrends in Ireland, where theyouth unemployment rate(which had risen from 9 percent in 2007 to 27.5 per

cent in 2010) could havebeen more than 19.3percentage points higher ifthose who were eitherhiding out in the

education system, orwaiting at home forprospects to improve, wereincluded in the analysis.

Unemployment has risen inIreland .

A lot of people are notshown in statistics as jobseekers because they



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reflect, frustration, struggle,

innovative, intervention, mismatch These new statistics reflect the

frustration and anger thatmillions of youth around theworld are feeling, said JosManuel Salazar-Xirinachs,Executive Director of the ILO

Employment Sector.Governments are struggling tofind innovative solutions throughlabour market interventions suchas addressing skills mismatches,job search support,entrepreneurship training,subsidies to hiring, etc.

reflect = show

struggle = fight for

innovative = introducing newideas

interventions = interrupting a

situation to help it skills mismatch =

1. Employees are looking forworkers with special skills butthey cannot find such people.

2. People who are looking for jobs

are unskilled or have differentskills that employers arelooking for, therefore will get nojobs.



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entrepreneurship, subsidy

These new statistics reflectthe frustration and anger thatmillions of youth around theworld are feeling, said JosManuel Salazar-Xirinachs,

Executive Director of the ILOEmployment Sector.Governments are strugglingto find innovative solutionsthrough labour marketinterventions such as

addressing skills mismatches,job search support,entrepreneurship training,subsidies to hiring, etc.

entrepreneur = businessman

entrepreneurship = business

subsidy = money paid by agovernment to the business toreduce cost and keep prices

low hire = here it means hiring

workers, or to employworkers, the governments payto businesses (or reduce taxes)to employ more workers



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These new statistics reflectthe frustration and anger thatmillions of youth around theworld are feeling, said JosManuel Salazar-Xirinachs,

Executive Director of the ILOEmployment Sector.Governments are strugglingto find innovative solutionsthrough labour marketinterventions such as

addressing skills mismatches,job search support,entrepreneurship training,subsidies to hiring, etc.

Governments try to solve thesituation in several ways, suchas



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measures, restructure

These measures can make a

difference, but ultimately

more measures will be

necessary. The financial

system should be repaired,banks should be

restructured to re-launch

credit to small and medium

sized enterprises.

measure = official action

ultimately = in the end

restructure = change,organize differently

re-launch = start again (re- means again)

credit = loan from the bank

smalland medium-sizedenterprises (=SMEs) = small

companies enterprise = business,

company



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These measures canmake a difference, butultimately moremeasures will be

necessary. The financialsystem should berepaired, banks shouldbe restructured to re-

launch credit to smalland medium sizedenterprises.

Government measuresare important but notenough to solve theproblem of youthunemployment. Also



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Skills mismatch -- your opinion

This man got his degreebut he is unable to findwork. Why is it so?

What would you advisehim to do?

.

There is a high demand for

professionals/ skilledworkers in other fields.Which are these?



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You have reached the end!

Good luck for the final exam!


Documents

Vocabulary of Work 3