War Begins

-Election of 1860

-Secession of lower states

-Confederate States of America

-Firing on Ft. Sumter

-Virginia Secedes followed by Ark., NC, and Tenn.

-11 States Leave Union

War Begins

-Election of 1860

-Secession of lower states

-Confederate States of America

-Firing on Ft. Sumter

-Virginia Secedes followed by Ark., NC, and Tenn.

-11 States Leave Union

Modern War

-Uses both old and new methods of war

-Cavalry, Muzzle Rifles, Battlefield Formations

-Railroads, telegraph, drafts, submarines, armored ships, observation balloons

Strategy-Union

-Constrictor (Anaconda) Plan

developed by Winfield Scott

-divide the south through the Mississippi and control access to its ports

Strategy-Confederacy

-defensive battle

-European recognition

Advantages-Union

-most of the population

-large advantages in resources

-most of the transportation and industry

Advantages-Confederacy

-defending their homes

-strong sectional pride

-better military tradition and leadership

Government Powers

-both sides had to increase central government powers

-raise an army

-supply armies

-finance the war

-suppress any opposition

Raising Armies

-Northern Advantage

-volunteers at first

-drafts begin

-riots

-bounties paid

-substitution possible

-many volunteers

Supplying Armies

-Northern Advantage

-Industrial Capacity

-Transportation Capabilities

-Financial Centers

-Foraging the land

-Shortages

War Politics

-War to Preserve Union

-civil rights were restricted

-Emancipation Debated

Needed higher cause

-Emancipation Proclamation

Jan. 1, 1863

War Politics

-War to Preserve Union

-civil rights were restricted

-Emancipation Debated

Needed higher cause

-Emancipation Proclamation

Jan. 1, 1863

Others in the War

-African Americans

Segregated Forces

54th Massachusetts

-Women

Nursing

Clara Barton

Soldier’s Lives

-disillusionment of war

-filthy conditions

-poor food

-bad medical care

-prison camps

Andersonville