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PACIFIC COAST STEELHEAD MEETING AMILEE WILSON WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF FISH & WILDLIFE MARCH 2004. Washington State Steelhead Stock Status Review. NOAA Determination of Washington State Steelhead Status by ESU. Not Warranted for listing Puget Sound (Coastal Steelhead) - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Washington State SteelheadWashington State SteelheadStock Status ReviewStock Status Review
PACIFIC COAST STEELHEAD MEETING
AMILEE WILSON
WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT
OF FISH & WILDLIFE
MARCH 2004
NOAA Determination of Washington State Steelhead Status by ESU
Not Warranted for listing– Puget Sound (Coastal Steelhead)– Olympic Peninsula (Coastal Steelhead)– Southwest Washington (Coastal Steelhead)
Threatened– L. Columbia River Sys. (Coastal Steelhead)– M. Columbia River Sys. (Inland Steelhead)– Snake River Basin (Inland Steelhead)
Endangered– U. Columbia River Sys. (Inland Steelhead)
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
MiddleColumbia River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
Which is it: SASSI or SaSI?
SASSI (1992) SaSI (2002) All anadromous
species including Chinook, Chum, Coho, Pink, Sockeye, and Steelhead.
Salmon and Steelhead Stock Inventory
Inclusion of Bull Trout/Dolly Varden (1997) and Cutthroat Trout (2000) stock inventories.
Salmonid Stock Inventory
Salmonid Stock Breakdown for Washington State
Washington State SaSI Regions
South Coast12%
North Coast19%
Hood Canal8%
Strait of Juan de Fuca10%
Snake River2%Mid-Columbia
4%
Upper Columbia 2%
Lower Columbia18%
North Puget Sound16%
South Puget Sound9%
Summary of 2002 SaSI Stock Ratings
1992: 137 stocks– Healthy: 36 = 26%
– Depressed: 42 = 31%
– Critical: 1 = 1%
– Unknown: 58 = 42%
2002: 137 stocks– Healthy: 28 = 20%
– Depressed: 41 = 30%
– Critical: 1 = 1%
– Unknown: 66 = 48%
– Not Rated: 1 = 1%
Note: The first three WA State SaSI ratings are only conceptually compatible with color-coded NOAA Fisheries ratings.
Summary of 2002 SaSI Stock Ratings
Status of Washington Steelhead Stocks for 1992
HealthyDepressedCriticalUnknown
Status of Washington Steelhead Stocks for 2002
HealthyDepressedCriticalUnknown
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
Middle Columbia River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
Puget Sound ESU – Not Warranted
Skagit River System (Puget Sound ESU)
• Production in the mainstem & tributaries appears to be very poor at present
• 1992 - Healthy; 2002 – Depressed or Unknown
Skagit System Winter Steelhead
02000400060008000
100001200014000
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
Snohomish River System (Puget Sound ESU)
• Strong system recovery from early eighties to consistently meet EG of 6500 until the year 1999
• Majority of stocks: 1992 - Healthy; 2002 - Depressed
Snohomish System Winter Steelhead
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
Stillaguamish/Deer Creek (Puget Sound ESU)
Deer Creek Summer Steelhead
010203040506070
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
Year
Num
ber
of
Juve
nile
s/10
0m2
• 2002 status reflects improved overwintering habitat and increased parr-to-smolt survival and adult returns following the flooding in 1995
• 1992 – Critical; 2002 - Depressed
Green River (Puget Sound ESU)
Green River Winter Steelhead
0500
10001500200025003000
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Escapements have generally varied within a range of 25%
above or below the escapement goal of 2,000 spawners.
• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 - Healthy
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
Middle Columbia River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
Olympic Peninsula ESU – Not Warranted
Quillayute River (Olympic Peninsula ESU)
Quillayute System Winter Steelhead
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Historical bright spot for wild winter steelhead and seems to be maintaining good habitat
• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 - Healthy
Queets River (Olympic Peninsula ESU)
Queets System Winter Steelhead
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
1000019
79
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• No agreed to Esc. Goal
• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 - Healthy
Quinault River (Olympic Peninsula ESU)
Quinault Winter Steelhead
0500
10001500200025003000
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• A wild stock with natural production• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 - Healthy
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
Middle Columbia River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
SW Washington ESU – Not Warranted
Humptulips River (SW Washington ESU)
Humptulips Winter Steelhead
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
500019
79
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Sustained a long decline, but seems to be stabilizing• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 – Depressed
Chehalis River (SW Washington ESU)
Chehalis Winter Steelhead
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Escapements have been high and relatively stable from 2000 to 2003
• 1992 – Healthy; 2002 – Healthy
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
Middle Columbia River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not WarrantedThreatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
L. Columbia River ESU - Threatened
Toutle River (Lower Columbia River ESU)
South Fork Toutle Winter Steelhead
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Chronically low escapements from 1994 to 2001• 1992 - Healthy; 2002 – Depressed
Lewis River (Lower Columbia River ESU)
East Fork Lewis Winter Steelhead
050
100150200250300
1986
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Chronically low escapements; new escapement index established in 1997 but its relationship to the previous escapement index is currently unknown
• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
Kalama River – (Lower Columbia River ESU)
• Escapements in 1998 through 2001 have been only 14% to 33% of the goal
• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
Kalama Summer Steelhead
0
500
1000
1500
2000
250019
86
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Year
Tot
al E
scap
emen
t
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
MiddleColumbia
River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
M. Columbia River ESU - Threatened
Touchet River (Mid Columbia ESU)
Touchet Summer Steelhead
0200400600800
10001200
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Data gaps hurt status determination• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
Yakima River (Mid Columbia River ESU)
Yakima Summer Steelhead
0500
100015002000250030003500
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Unexpected up turn in wild escapement• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
U. Columbia River ESU - Endangered
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
Middle Columbia River
SnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
Counts from Priest Rapids Dam represent all fish returning to the Upper Columbia River ESU
No SaSI Stock – (Upper Columbia ESU)
Priest Rapids Dam Returns
05000
100001500020000250003000035000
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
Year
Ad
ult
coun
ts
WildTotal Runsize
Methow/Okanogan Summer Steelhead (Upper Columbia ESU)
• Counts from the Wells Dam• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
Methow/Okanogan Summer Steelhead
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
LowerColumbia
River
OlympicPeninsula
SouthwestWashington
Middle Columbia RiverSnakeRiver
UpperColumbiaRiver
Not Warranted
Threatened
Endangered
Washington State Steelhead ESUs
PugetSound
Snake River Basin ESU - Threatened
Tucannon River (Snake River Basin ESU)
Tucannon Summer Steelhead
0
100
200
300
400
50019
86
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Possible up-ward trend despite data gaps• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
Asotin Creek (Snake River Basin ESU)
Asotin Creek Summer Steelhead
0100200300400500600700
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Year
Wild
Esc
apem
ent
• Data gaps hurt status determination• 1992 – Depressed; 2002 – Depressed
Conclusions
Increase and maintain the number of Healthy stocks– How should we manage the 41 Depressed stocks?
Multitude of “Unknown” stocks– Fisheries lost– Harvest no longer a source of data – 2 year steelhead moratorium– Weather conditions make it impossible to survey most
summer steelhead populations
