Characteristics of IALSA-Affiliated Longitudinal Studies of Aging and Summary of Available

Variables

Scott HoferAndrea Piccinin

Project Title: Integrative Analysis of Longitudinal Studies of AgingFunding Organization: NIA-NIH, USA

2

Characteristics of IALSA-Affiliated Longitudinal Studies of Aging

Study Title Start Yrn

(T1)Age(T1)

Followup (yrs)

Occ Interval

Curr # Occ Type Sample

Australian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ALSA) 1992 2087 65-103 11 2, 6, 3 4 Stratified sample of community dwelling and those in residential careBaltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) 1958 1400+ 20+ 52 Varies Varies Volunteer, snowballBonn Longitudinal Study of Aging (BOLSA) 1965 221 62-72 19 Varies 8 Community volunteer sampleBronx Aging Study (BAS) 1980 488 75-85 15 1 16 Volunteer sampleCaerphilly Cohort Study of Older Men (CCS) 1979 2512 45-59 25 4-5 6 Electoral register plus GP lists, male onlyCanadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) 1991 10263 65+ 10 5 3 Representative (community and institutions)

Canberra Longitudinal Study (CLS) 1991 897 70-93 14 3.5 5 Community sample (electoral role), institutional care, oversampling of very old

Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) 1989 5888 65+ 10 1 10 Non-institutionalized Medicare eligible sample; minorities oversampledEinstein Aging Study (EAS) 1993 1978 70-101 18 1 19 Systematic, representative. Ethnically diverse.English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA)* 2002 12100 49+ 8 2 5 Representative.Aging in Women and Men (GENDER) 1995 498 69-81 8 4 3 Opposite sex twins in Sweden born between 1916 and 1925Gerontologic and Geriatric Population Studies in Gothenburg, Sweden (H-70) 1971 1000 70 29 2-5 12 Representative sample: Gothenberg; sequential design

Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and AHEAD* 1992 12600 50-60 16 2 9 National sample, minorities oversampled

Healthy Older Person Edinburgh Study (HOPE) 1990 603 70+ 4 4 4 Medical registryInterdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE) 1993 1390 45, 65 12 4 4 Former East and West Germany

Long Beach Longitudinal Study (LBLS) 1978 509 55-87 21 2, 14 4 Recruited from Health Maintenance OrganizationLongitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) 1991 3107 55-85 12 3 5 Urban and rural municipal registriesLongitudinal Study of Cognitive Change in Normal, Healthy Old Age (LSCC)

19821985

20502193 49-96 14 1-6 4 Community volunteer sample; sequential design

Midlife in the U.S. (MIDUS)* 1995 7000+ 25-74 9 9 2 Representative, noninstitutionalizedNational Survey of Health and Development (NSHD; 1946 British Birth Cohort Study) 1946 5362 60 60 Varies 39 Nationally representative sample UK

Nordic Research on Aging Study (NORA) 1989 1204 75 5 5 2 Representative city samplesNormative Aging Study (NAS) 1963 2280 21-81 42 5 13 Male veteransOrigins of Variance in the Old-Old: Octogenarian Twins (OCTO-Twin) 1990 702 80+ 8 2 5 Swedish Twin Registry

Oregon Brain Aging Study (OBAS) andDementia Prevention Study (DPS)

1989+2000

258214

55-10785-94

0-180-6.5

6 & 12 mo

1-33 (16.5)1-13

Community volunteers

Seattle Longitudinal Study (SLS)* 1956 5000+Cumul 22-70 42 7 7 Health Maintenance Organization; sequential design

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Characteristics of IALSA-Affiliated Longitudinal Studies of Aging (continued)

Study Title Start Yrn

(T1)Age(T1)

Followup (yrs)

Occ Interval

Curr # Occ Type Sample

Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)* 2004 45000 50+ 6 2 4 Representative

Swedish Adoption Twin Study of Aging (SATSA) 1984 1500 40-84 12 3 5 Swedish Twin Registry

Swiss Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study on the Oldest-Old" (SWILSO-O)

19941999

340377 80-85 10

512 or 18 months

95

Stratified (age/sex), initially community-dwelling in a urban and a rural setting; sequential design

University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study (UNCAHS)

(1964) 19861992

(7007)49891154

(17-25)40-48

(40)2014

1.5-

127

- Students – data on file- Joined study- spouses

Victoria Longitudinal Study (VLS)198619932002

484530570

55-8555-8555-85

1590

33--

641

Community volunteers; sequential design

Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS)* 1957 10,317 18 48 7-17 5 Random sample high school graduatesNote. Public use data sets are indicated by *

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Summary of Available Variables in IALSA-Affiliated Studies

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: General HealthHeight

self-report (details to be obtained)BAS, CLS, HRS, LBLS, NAS, NORA, NSHD, SWILSO-O, UNCAHS

observation by stadiometer CCS, NORA

measured by assessorALSA, CCS, GENDER, H-70, NORA, NSHD, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, VLS

- to nearest 0.1cm ALSA - to nearest 0.5cm NORAsitting height NORAmeasured by demi-span and shoe size HOPE

Weight

self-report (details to be obtained)BAS, CLS, HRS, LBLS, NAS, NORA, NSHD, SWILSO-O, UNCAHS

observation by scales CCS, H-70, OBAS, OCTO-Twin - by digital scales HOPE, VLSmeasured by assessor ALSA, SATSA - to nearest .01kg NSHDwaist circumference ALSA, EAS, NORA, OCTO-Twin, UNCAHShip circumference ALSA, NORA, OCTO-Twin, UNCAHSarm circumference ALSAcalf/thigh circumference ALSA, NORAskin-fold thickness ALSABMI BAS, EAS

Self-Report Health (overall)3-point scale (bad, reasonable, good) OCTO-Twin, SATSA4-point scale (excellent, good, fair, poor) CLS, HOPE, NSHD5-point scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, poor) ALSA, HRS, LSCC, NORA7-point scale GENDER

details to be obtainedBAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, H-70, ILSE, LASA, NAS, OBAS, SLS, SWILSO-O, UNCAHS, VLS, WLS

Self-Report Health (relative to own age)3-point scale (better, same, worse) CLS, GENDER, OCTO-Twin, SATSA

details to be obtainedALSA, BAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, NAS, OBAS, SWILSO-O, UNCAHS, VLS, WLS

3

Self-Report Health (relative to past)3-point scale ALSA, GENDER - relative to 2 yrs ago HRS, OCTO-Twin5-point scale; in last 12 months NSHDrelative to 6 months ago; scale not specified CHSrelative to 10 yrs ago; scale not specified LASAdetails to be obtained BOLSA, EAS, LBLS, NAS, OBAS, SWILSO-O, WLS

Conditions / Events

self-report (details to be obtained)

ALSA, BAS, CCS, CHS, CLS, EAS, GENDER, HOPE, HRS, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, NAS, NORA, NSHD, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, SWILSO-O, UNCAHS, VLS, WLS

medical records reviewedCCS, BAS, CHS, EAS, H-70, HOPE, ILSE, NAS, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, SATSA (on subset), SLS, UNCAHS

physical exam BOLSA, HOPE, NORA (on subset), OBAS

Number / Type Prescribed Medicationsname, dosage, frequency, compliance - interviewer sees container ALSA, GENDER, VLS - self-report NAS, NSHD, OCTO-TwinATC index code for classification OCTO-Twin, VLSBNF index code for classification NSHDmedical records H-70, HOPEgeneral medication use (yes/no) HRS, NORA

Taking medications related to specific conditions (diabetes, blood pressure, heart problems, lung condition, stroke, arthritis, psychiatric problems) HRSself-report (details to be obtained) LBLS, SWILSO-O

details to be obtainedBAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, ILSE, LASA, LSCC, OBAS, SATSA, SLS, UNCAHS

Number / State of Teethself-report (details to be obtained) ALSA. LBLSdental exam H-70, NAS, SATSAdental records OCTO-Twincount number of teeth HOPE, NORA - if zero, age when last tooth lost HOPEhave lost all of natural/permanent teeth (yes/no) HRStrouble with teeth NSHDtrouble with gums/mouth NSHD, UNCAHSvisit dentist? SWILSO-O, UNCAHSdetails to be obtained

4

Parents Longevitymother/father still alive (yes/no) HRS, NSHDage of mother/father now or at time of death HRS, NSHD, - time of death only NAS, SATSA, UNCAHScause of death for mother/father NAS, UNCAHSphysical / cognitive health of parents OCTO-Twin

details to be obtainedBAS, BOLSA, CHS, CLS, EAS, GENDER, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, OBAS

Age and Cause of Deathage and cause of death (participant) BAS, CLS, EAS, NSHD - age of death only BOLSA, H-70age and cause of death (siblings) BAS, EASdeath notification CCSNational Death Index CLS, HRS, LBLSpublic / national health registers H-70, HOPE, NSHD, SATSAdeath certificate UNCAHSobituaries / contact with family VLS

details to be obtainedALSA, GENDER, ILSE, LASA, LSCC, NAS, NORA, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SLS

Somatic (fatigue)self-report fatigue (details to be obtained) EAS, GENDER, H-70, SWILSO-Osevere fatigue or exhaustion (yes/no) HRSdetails to be obtained NORA, OBAS, WLS

Somatic (pain)self-report pain (details to be obtained) EAS, H-70, NAS, SWILSO-O3 questions re: frequency, level, interference CLSneurological exam - below waist measures only EAS5 questions re: interfering with work/activity (yes/no responses) HRS2 questions re: level of pain (3-point scale: mild, moderate, severe) HRStype of pain (e.g., back, neck, shoulder, migraine, sciatica) OCTO-Twin, SATSA, VLSage of onset VLSdetails to be obtained BOLSA, GENDER, ILSE, LASA, NORA, OBAS

5

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: SensoryAuditory Acuity

audiometric test ALSA, H-70, NSHD, SATSA, VLS, NORAqualitative assessment by interviewer BAS, EASself-report wears hearing aid (yes/no) GENDER, HRS, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, NORA - how often (4-point scale; almost always, often, sometimes, almost never) HRSself-report rate hearing - 3 point scale SWILSO-O - 6 levels GENDER, OCTO-Twin - 5-point scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, poor) HRSself-report hearing impairments NSHD, CLSself-report ear operations NSHDself-report (details to be obtained) H-70details to be obtained BOLSA, CCS, CHS, ILSE, LASA, NAS, OBAS

Visual AcuitySnellen Chart (near & distant) ALSA, BAS, EAS, VLS - at 3 meters CLSLogMAR visual test ALSA, NSHDother vision test NAS - small, med, lg text; 2 attempts GENDER, OCTO-Twinself-report use of vision aid - wears eyeglasses GENDER, HRS, OCTO-Twin - contact lenses HRSself-report rate eyesight GENDER - 5-point scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, poor) HRS - 6 level OCTO-Twin - 3-point scale SWILSO-Oself-report impairment CLSdetails to be obtained BOLSA, CHS, ILSE, LASA, OBAS, WLS

Sensationneurological exam OBAS - vibration BAS, EAS - wrists, knees, ankles SATSA - temperature BAS, EAS - sensory disability / impairment EAS, SATSAvibrameter (lowest vibration threshold: 100 Hz; back of left hand; second PIP joint; hallux of left foot) NORArecognition of common odours CCSBrief Smell Identification Task (SIT) (12 items) VLSself-report (smell, taste, touch -- 4 levels) GENDERself-report (details to be obtained) LBLS, OCTO-Twindetails to be obtained ALSA, WLS

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Cardiovascular / Pulmonary

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Heart Disease / Heart Attackquestions: have (heart insufficiency, angina, thrombosis)? impact daily life? OCTO-Twin, GENDERmedical records / exam GENDER, H-70, HOPE, NAS, NSHD, UNCAHS, H-70modified cumulative illness rating scale OBASself-rated (3-point scale) SWILSO-O9 questions re: heart trouble/attack, BP (yes/no) HRS# of attacks requiring hospitalization CLShave had a heart attack / diagnosis SATSA, BOLSA, OCTO-Twin, UNCAHSdetails to be obtained ALSA, BAS, CCS CHS, EAS, ILSE, LBLS, SLS, VLS

Hypertension / Blood Pressurequestions: med to low BP? last taken? ALSAquestions: suffer from high BP? medication for it? CLS, HRS, SATSABP measurement - 2 measure a few min. apart CLS, NAS (each arm)

- seated onlyEAS (right arm 2x), LBLS (3x, 45-60 delay between readings), NAS, NSHD (2x, 5 min rest), VLS (8x)

- seated & standing

BAS (4x seated, 2x standing), CHS (2x each, also supine, 5 min quiet sit prior), GENDER (2x each), NORA, OCTO-Twin

- seated @ 3, 4, & 5 min; standing @ 45 & 90 sec ALSA

details to be obtainedBOLSA, CCS, H-70, HOPE, HRS, ILSE, LASA, LSCC, OBAS, SATSA, SLS

Respiratory Disease (Pulmonary Function)lung auscultation BASFEV & FVC (micro medical spirometer) CLS, H-70, HOPE, NORA, NSHDpeak flow measure EAS, GENDER, HRS, OCTO-Twin, VLSphysical exam H-7018 yes/no questions re: breathing/coughing NORA5 questions re: respiratory disease SATSAdetails to be obtained BOLSA, CCS, CHS, LASA, LBLS, NAS, WLS

Cholesteroltriglycerides, lipid levels (HDL, LDL) ALSA, NSHD, UNCAHSrange of serum analysis (total chol., Apo A-1) SATSAdetails to be obtained BAS, CCS, CHS, EAS, H-70, NAS, NORA, OBAS

ECGEKG & Holter monitors BAS12-lead procedure NSHDdetails to be obtained CCS, CHS, H-70, NAS, NORA

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Neurological / NeuropsychologicalMotor Control / Speed

7

tapping test ALSA, VLSPurdue Pegboard BASfinger agnosia GENDER, OCTO-Twindetails to be obtained NORA, OBAS

Gaitneurological exam BAS, EASmeasured/observed by assessor ALSA, H-70, LBLSmeasures from gait mat EASindoor/outdoor ratings GENDEROregon Gait and Balance Inventory; Tinetti Gait Scale; Timed walk OBAS7 tasks as performance measure OCTO-Twintime to walk 3 meters & walk 10 steps heel to toe SATSA20' timed walk VLSdetails to be obtained CCS, NORA

Balancemeasured/observed by assessor ALSA, LBLS, OCTO-Twinself-report of falls ALSA, H-70neurological exam (retropulsion) EASmedical exam H-70semi-tandem stand; side-by-side stand; full-tandem stand HRS, SATSAstand on one foot (eyes open/closed; arms folded; up to 30 sec) NSHDOregon Gait & Balance Inventory; Tinetti Gait Scale OBAS360o turn (timed & # of steps) VLSdetails to be obtained CCS, GENDER, NORA

Other Neurological / Neuropsychologicaldraw on paper & tell/set time on large clock H-70, OCTO-TwinCranial Nerves & Motor Reflexes BAS, EASHachinski Score (full scale) BAS, EASUnified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) EAS, OBASMRI volumetrics OBASHayling Sentence Completion Test VLSBrixton Test VLSdetails to be obtained EAS

8

NeuropathologyBraak Stage BAS, EASSenile Plaques (counts of -- in region: temporal, parietal, hippocampal, parahippocampal) BAS, EASfibrillary tangles BAS, EASpathology diagnosis (primary, secondary, tertiary) BAS, EAS

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Cerebrovascular / DementiaCerebrovascular Disease / Stroke

diagnosis of stroke / medical recordsBOLSA, CLS, GENDER, H-70, HOPE, HRS, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, SLS, UNCAHS

self-report ALSA, LBLS, LSCC, SATSA - severity & laterality VLSneurological exam BAS, EASTIA (how many; mo/yr) CLSquestion: impact daily life GENDER, OCTO-Twin

questions re: effects of stroke (e.g., weakness in arms/legs, difficulty speaking/swallowing, vision, medications) HRSmedical exam (Framingham stroke risk profile) NASHachinski Scale OBASdetails to be obtained CCS, CHS, LASA

Dementia DiagnosisDSM-III BAS, OCTO-TwinDSM-IV EAS, OBASCIE diagnostic algorithm CLSClinical Dementia Rating EAS, OBASmedical records H-70, HOPENNDCS_ADRDA criteria OBASdetails to be obtained CCS, NAS, SATSA

Dementia Related QuestionnairesThe Informant Questionnaire of Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (26 questions) ALSAinformant based -- CERAD, IQ code, Dementia questionnaire EASpotential risk factors examined H-70Neurobehavioural Cognitive Status Exam (NBCSE) OBASquestions re: Alzheimer's in the family VLSdetails to be obtained CCS, SATSA

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Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Skeletal / Musculoskeletal15 questions re: arthritis (e.g., type, medication, activity, limitation) HRSsingle question re: broken fractured hip HRSpersistent/troublesome back pain or problems HRSdetails to be obtained ALSA

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Systemic IllnessDiabetes

self-report of treatment (diet, oral, insulin) ALSA, HRS, UNCAHSdiagnosis / medical records BOLSA, H-70, HOPE, HRS, NAS, OCTO-Twin, SATSAnon-fasting blood samples NSHDquestion: impact daily life? OCTO-Twindate of onset UNCAHS, VLStype UNCAHS, VLS

details to be obtainedBAS, CCS, CHS, CLS, EAS, GENDER, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, OBAS, WLS

Cancer

diagnosis / medical recordsALSA, BOLSA, CLS, H-70, HOPE, HRS, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, UNCAHS

type ALSA, HRS, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, UNCAHS, VLSdate of onset ALSA, HRS, UNCAHS, VLShospitalized ALSAtreatment (receiving / type) HRS, UNCAHSsiblings have cancer OCTO-Twin

details to be obtainedBAS, CCS, EAS, GENDER, ILSE, LBLS, LSCC, NAS, OBAS, SLS, WLS

Other Systemic Illnesskidney function HRSgastrointestinal / nutritional HRS

Other Bio-AssayDNA extraction EAS, OBAS, NSHD ApoE (details to be obtained) ALSA, CCS, EAS, LASA, LSCC, OBAS, SATSA, SLS - buccal swab / saliva sample CLS, VLS - blood sample HRSCOMT, BDNF EAS, VLSLRRK2, IL-6, AdipoQ, CETP EAS

blood draw (details to be obtained)BAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, GENDER, H-70, HRS, ILSE, LASA, NAS, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, SLS

- venepuncture; finger prick ALSA, - non-fasting NORA - lipid levels, HbA1c, red cell folate, plasma folate, plasma B12, plasma ferritin NSHDsaliva sample (details to be obtained) HRSpost-mortem tissue & diagnosis OBAS

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Health Behaviours10

Drug Usecannabis, barbiturates, LSD, amphetamines, heroin, cocaine NSHDATC codes OCTO-Twinsleeping pills SWILSO-Oprescription and non-prescription medications VLSdetails to be obtained ALSA, BAS, EAS, H-70, ILSE, LBLS, OBAS

Alcohol ConsumptionMichigan Alcohol Screening Test (MAST) CLS

type, how often, how muchGENDER, HRS, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, UNCAHS, VLS

CAGE assessment tool HRS, NSHD, UNCAHS

details to be obtainedALSA, BAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, NAS, NORA, OBAS, SWILSO-O, WLS

Tobacco Usecurrently use, ever used, age stopped/started, type, frequency

CLS, GENDER, HRS, NORA, NSHD, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, UNCAHS, VLS

details to be obtainedALSA, BAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, NAS, OBAS, SWILSO-O, WLS

Diethow often during the last 3 months did you eat/drink... (e.g., meets, breads, dairy, fruit, etc.) HRSWillet Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) NAS, UNCAHS25 questions (details to be obtained) NORA5-day diet diaries NSHDDiet Habit Survey OBAStimes/meals per day; detailed food habits info SATSAdetails to be obtained CCS, CHS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, SLS

Exerciseexercise & activity level ALSA - 7-point scale SATSA - 5-point scale SWILSO-Oactivities questionnaire BAS, EASphysical activity (5-point scale) CLSwalking (5 levels) GENDER, OCTO-Twinfrequency, intensity, type, range of activities HRS, ILSE, NSHD, UNCAHSperformance measures (e.g., strength, coordination, flexibility, endurance) ILSEPhysical Activity Scale for the Elderly LBLSActivities Lifestyle Questionnaire VLSdetails to be obtained CCS, CHS, H-70, LSCC, NORA, OBAS, SLS, WLS

Sleep

11

hours per night LBLS6 questions re: falling asleep, waking, medications, feeling rested HRSdetails to be obtained ALSA

Biomedical & Physical Functioning: Functional AutonomyActivities of Daily Living (ADL) / Instrumental ADL (IADL)

Lawton-Brody Questionnaire BAS, EAS

dependence level for I/ADLs (e.g., transport, walking, out of bed/chair, dressing, showering, foot care, toileting) CLS, HRS, NSHDTownsend 9-point scale (also current driver or not) HOPEstairs, toenails, transport LASAOARS methodology adaptation OBAS14 questions re: I/ADLs (e.g., go out of walking distance, prepare meals, do housework) SATSAself-report (3-point scale) SWILSO-O

details to be obtainedALSA, CCS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, NORA, LSCC, OCTO-Twin, VLS

Hobbiesactivities questionnaire BAS, EASfrequency/type HRS, SATSA - 5 point scale CLSreading, x-word, puzzles, educational meetings GENDERLife Complexity Scale LBLS22 questions re: lifelong/current (6-level response) NORAconstructive, musical, creative, artistic activities NSHDActivities Lifestyle Questionnaire VLSdetails to be obtained CCS, H-70, ILSE, LSCC, NAS, OBAS, SWILSO-O

Home Helpaides; meals-on-wheels BAS, EASprofessional care in last 12 months HRSfamily/friend; duration of care SATSAdetails to be obtained GENDER, H-70, ILSE, NORA, OCTO-Twin,

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Mobility / Strengthdynamometer - dominant hand ALSA - 2 measures in dominant hand HOPE - 2 measures each hand CLS, HRS, SATSA, VLS - 3 measures each hand NSHD, OCTO-Twin - maximum effect; 75 & 50% of max EASvigorimeter H-70arm flexion (details to be obtained) BAS, CHS, EAS, NORA, OBAS - raise glass GENDER - arms above shoulder level HRSknee extension (details to be obtained) BAS, EAS, NORA, OBAS - stand from chair w/arms folder (6x) GENDER - patellar reflex SATSAdetails to be obtained CHS, GENDER, ILSE, LBLS, NAS

Cognitive Functioning: Crystallized KnowledgeComprehension

HAWIE (German version of WAIS) BOLSAWAIS-R OBAS6 stories presented one at a time VLS

InformationWAIS BAS - Swedish version (part 1 & 2) OCTO-Twin - Swedish version (Forms A & B) 20sec/question SATSA - German version (HAWIE) BOLSAWAIS III EASfact recall (40 items) VLSdetails to be obtained ILSE

SimilaritiesWAIS BASWAIS-R OBAS - apple-banana, boat-car, egg-seed ALSA, CLS - orange-banana, table-chair, eye-ear, egg-seed, air-water, fly-tree, praise-punishment HRSWAIS III EASGemeinsamkeiten Finden (Similarities) BOLSAHeim AH41 CCS, LSCCanalogies (27 items) SATSAdetails to be obtained ILSE, WLS

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SynonymsWAIS GENDER, OCTO-Twin - choose synonym from 5 choices H-70 - A & B forms, 15 items each, 3.5 min/form SATSA - German version (HAWIE) BOLSASRA PMA verbal meaning, 4-choice synonym test, speeded SLS

VocabularyWAIS BASWAIS-R NAS, OBAS - item subset only ALSA - 3 items only (repair, terminate, compassion) CLS

- 5 items (repair/conceal, fabric/enormous, domestic/perimeter, remorse/compassion, plagiarize/audacious) HRSWAIS: Mill Hill (35 words; Mill Hill parallel forms at alternate occasions) LSCCGroningen Intelligence Test (20 items: select synonym from 5 alternatives) LASAFactor-Referenced Cognitive Tests (Advanced Vocabulary I & II; 18 items each, 4 choices) LBLSEducational Testing Service (54 items: match the word which has a similar meaning) VLSNART ALSA, CCS, CLS, HOPE, NSHD

Cognitive Functioning: Fluid Reasoning and Executive FunctionArithmetic

HAWIE BOLSANumeracy (15 items) HRSSRA PMA Number (whether simple sums of 4 numbers correct) SLS

WAIS Block DesignWAIS BAS, GENDER, OCTO-Twin, H-70WAIS-R OBASWAIS III EASHAWIE BOLSA, ILSE

SeriesSTAMAT Word & Letter Series (30 items each test) LBLSSRA PMA Reasoning SLS

Letter Series (ETS 2: 15 questions); Letter Series (ETS 3: 20 questions); Stem Completion (implicit memory: complete the 3-letter prefix) VLS

Matrices14

Ravens BAS - coloured progressive matrices BOLSA - abbreviated by 1/3 LASA - standard progressive matrices HOPE - 5-minute limit NORAHeim AH41 CCSfigure logic H-70, SATSA - identify 1 figure from 5 that are different OCTO-Twinfigure rotation GENDERCattell Culture Fair Test, AH41 LSCCWAIS III Matrix Reasoning OBAS

RotationSTAMAT (Figure/Object Rotation: 20 items each test) LBLSVMI/Paper-folding NAS

card rotation (Forms A & B: 14 items each; report if each of 4 items is a rotated image of a target design) SATSA

SRA PMA Spatial Orientation (which of 6 drawings represents model; 20 items; 5-min time limit) SLSComprehensive Ability Battery-Spatial Rotation (CAB-S) (72 items; timed at 4.5 minutes) VLS

General Aptitude Test BatteryHenmon-Nelson Test WLSdetails to be obtained NAS

Other Fluid ReasoningTest of Cognitive Abilities (35 items) LBLSobject assembly BAS, BOLSApicture arrangement BOLSApicture completion BOLSA, ILSE, OBAS

StroopStroop (Golden, 1978) EASStroop - 3 cards -- each item on the card is coloured blue, red, yellow, or green -- subject names colours as quickly as possible VLS

details to be obtained OBAS

Trails Tasksubject must connect the numbered dots as quickly as possible without lifting their pencil from the page VLSTrails A & B EAS

Cognitive Functioning: SpeedFigure Identification

15

Figure Classification (match item among 5 choices) H-70Figure Comparison (3 30-second subsets: 3-, 6-, & 9-element items) LBLSPSIF Perceptual Speed Test OCTO-Twin, GENDER

Dureman-Salde Battery (Forms A & B: 30 items each; 2 minutes per form; decide which of 5 figures is identical to a target figure) SATSA

Substitution Coding TasksWAIS DSS ALSA, BAS, NORA - 2 parts; 90 seconds each part VLSWAIS III DSS EASWAIS-R Digit Symbol OBASHAWIE DSS BOLSASymbol Digit Modalities Test (Symbol-Letter Modalities: using letters instead of numbers) CLSAlphabet Coding LASA, LSCCWMS-III Letter-Number Sequencing OBASSymbol Digit (reversed order 45-seconds x 2) OCTO-Twin

Symbol Digit (10 groups of 10 items; 45-seconds per group; verbally report the digits that correspond with symbols) SATSAdetails to be obtained CHS, ILSE

Reaction TimeSimple Visual RT EAS, NORA - 20 Trials CLS, NORAChoice Visual RT BOLSA, EAS - 4 choices CCS - 20 Trials CLSChoice Auditory RT BOLSA, NORA - 20 trials CLSSimple Auditory RT NORA - 20 Trials CLSSimple & Choice (Auditory/Visual not specified) OBASSemantic Verification (50 sentences; plausible vs. Implausible); Lexical Decision (60 words; plausible vs. Implausible); Simple RT (50 items); Choice RT (6 blocks of trials; 2 practice & 10 test trials/block) VLS

Number Copy TaskFigure Copy Task BASRBANS (complex figure copy subset, clock drawing) EASNumber Tracking VLS

Identical PicturesNES-2 Pattern Comparison NAS

16

ETS (2 parts; timed at 90 seconds each) VLS5-choice; 50 items; 1.5 minutes SLS

Number ComparisonNumber Comparison SLSETS (2 parts; 90 seconds each) VLS3 30-second subsets; 3-, 6-, & 9-element items; also letter comparison LBLS

Finding As, Is, and OsCrossing off test OBASFinding As SLSCross-out SWILSO-Ogrid of 600 letters (30 columns, 20 rows); in 1 minute, cross out Ps & Ws NSHDdetails to be obtained LSCC

Cognitive Functioning: MemoryWord List Free Recall

CERAD NAS, OBAS - 3 presentations GENDERSelective Reminding Test - short form: 10 animals, 10 clothing H-70 - 6 trials: 12 unrelated words; reminded of those not recalled in immediately preceding trial EASWAIS-R - 20 word list HRS - 10 word list HRSHAWIE ILSE15 word test (abbreviated -- 3 trials) LASAimmediate recall of 10 items LBLSCumulative Verbal Learning (15 3-syllable nouns presented 4 times in random order) LSCCfree recall (30 3-syllable nouns presented verbally once) LSCC15 words: immediate recall, short delay, later in interview NSHD10 words; 2 seconds each SATSA20 words studied for 3.5 min; then 3.5 min to recall SLSin 2 minutes, study 6 categories of 5 words; 2 lists/wave, 6 lists are rotated VLSfactory, toothbrush, history, policeman ALSA

Delayed Word List Free RecallCERAD OBAS, NAS - 5 min delay GENDER

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WAIS-R (10 items) HRS, LBLSHAWIE ILSErecall - 5 min delay SATSA - 1 hour delay SLSdetails to be obtained H-70, LSCC, NSHD

Incidental MemoryBNT Immediate Recall ALSABrayne & Huppert (food stuffs recalled) CCSWAIS Similarities (words recalled) HRSAlphabet Code Recall LSCC

RecognitionCAMCOG (face & object recognition & recall) CCSCMHR: word recognition (12 targets in 24 trials); face recognition (10 targets in 15 trials) CLSThurstone Picture Memory GENDER, H-70, OCTO-Twin - 28 drawings of common items (truck, table); each item shown for 5 seconds SATSA

rare word definition recognition (20 concrete, high-frequency nouns studied for 3 minutes, recalled after 20 minutes; defining 9 unfamiliar words from context of text) LBLSCERAD Word List OBASWMS-III Face Recognition OBASBenton Facial Recognition Test: short version (stimulus & multiple choice pictures) VLS

Rey Auditory Verbal Learning (15 nouns read aloud for 5 trials -- recall as many as possible in each trial; second list of 15 nouns is read only once -- recall as many as possible) VLS

Category Cued Recall Testfactory, toothbrush, history, policeman ALSAcued recall of 32 items LBLSfree & cued EASVLS version VLSdetails to be obtained BAS

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Everyday MemoryRivermead Behavioural Test CCSask respondent to remind interviewer of task to complete in 5 minutes HRS4 items LASADid participant remember instructions to seal envelope & write initials on back without prompting? NSHDMemory-in-Reality (naming, recall, recognition) H-70, OCTO-Twin, SATSA

Prose RecallWMS-R Logical Memory Test EAS - form 1 NORA - form 1 & 2 OBAS - 2 forms scored immediate recall & after 20-min delay HOPESwedish Test/Story H-70Rivermead Behavioural Test CCSessay (prose) - 227-word essay w/104 idea units LBLSessay (text) - two 210-word essays w/93 idea units LBLSsyntax memory (4 easy/4 hard sentence recall) LBLSrecall name and address NSHDSwedish Story and gist OCTO-Twin

story recall (4 minutes to read the story; 10 minutes to recall as much as possible; 2 stories per wave; 6 stories are rotated) VLS

WAIS Digit Span Forward / Backward

WAIS Digit Span Backward BAS, H-70, ILSE, NAS, NORA, OCTO-TwinWAIS-R OBASWAIS III EASHAWIE BOLSACVB Scales Digit Span (9 forward; 8 backward -- given 2 different strings of digits for each length span) SATSA

Other Working Memory

Reading Span (subject is asked to answer questions about simple sentences that are orally presented while simultaneously trying to remember the final word of each sentence VLS

Computation Span (subject is asked to solve mathematical problems that are orally presented while simultaneously trying to remember the final number in each of the problems VLSSentence span (8 sets of subject-verb-object sentences in 2- or 3-sentence sets) LBLS

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Coin TestBrief Test OCTO-Twindetails to be obtained H-70, SATSA

Cognitive Functioning: Mental Status ExamsMental Status Exams

Folstein (MMSE) CHS, H-70, LASA, NAS, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, VLS, SATSA - WORLD backwards HOPE - serial 7s, WORLD backwards, suburb (alt. Town), West street, Kensington ALSA - day, date, month, year, season, country, town, state, location of residence, floor of building, WORLD backwards, apple/table/penny (imm & del), name pencil & watch, "no ifs, ands, or buts", 3-stage command, close eyes, write sentence, copy designs CLSCAMCOG (includes all MMSE items) CCSBlessed Orientation Memory Concentration Test OBAS, BAS, EASTICS: month, day, year, day of week, count back from 20, cut paper with scissors, cactus, vice & president's names, serial 7s LBLS, HRS

Cognitive Functioning: FluencyVerbal Fluency (Category)

Fruits (in 2 minutes) SWILSO-OAnimals (in 30 seconds) CLSAnimal, vegetable, fruit (1 min trials) EAS, OBASAnimals, vegetable, fruit, flowers, names (60s trials) BASOpposites (4 words; asked to write opposites of each) VLSControlled association (4 words; asked to write opposites of each) VLS

Figures of speech (asked to think of words or phrases which could be used in making figures of speech which compare one object with another) VLSdetails to be obtained NASuse of common objects: bottle, paperclip (include error breaks & perseverations) ALSA

FAS60 second time limit EASSRA PMA word fluency (for 5 minutes) - letter F only LBLS - letter S only SLSK/S NORAdetails to be obtained ALSA

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Boston Naming TestBoston Naming Test 60 point OBASCERAD (15 items) NAS, OBASBNT 30 point OBAS15 items EASdetails to be obtained ALSA

Cognitive Functioning: Self-rated Cognition and Memory

CERAD questionnaire EASMOS cognitive functioning measure (6 items) NASMetamemory in Adulthood (MIA) -- 108 items VLSdifficulties in thinking and reasoning, finding words, know what objects are used for CLS

remembering recent events, where belongings are kept, conversations, appointments, names of objects, memory changes from earlier life CLSMemory functioning questionnaire (65 items & 4 factors) LBLS10 metamemory questions HRSRate memory - excellent - poor UNCAHS - 4-point scale SWILSO-O - 5-point scale (excellent, very good, good, fair, poor) HRS - 7-point scale GENDER3 questions SATSAMemory Scales: change & commitment VLSMemory Strategy Scales: external, internal, effort, time, recruitment VLSMETA 1-9, A-C NORA

details to be obtainedALSA, BAS, H-70, ILSE, LASA, NSHD, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SLS

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Psychosocial: Mental HealthPsychiatric Diagnosis

single question re: diagnosis of emotional, nervous, or psychiatric problems HRS

Self-EsteemRosenberg UNCAHS - self-completed, 10-item interview ALSA - separate variables for positive & negative items HOPEMIA Self-efficacy (self-report) VLSAssessing Self-esteem in the Elderly CCSdetails to be obtained BOLSA, LASA, LSCC

Mood / Depression

CES-DALSA, GENDER, LASA, NAS, NORA, OCTO-Twin, SATSA, UNCAHS

- 8 items (re: last 7 days; yes/no) HRS - 10 items OBAS - 20 items (re: last 7 days) VLSGoldberg Depression Scale (9 items; yes/no) CLSGeneral Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (28 items) CCS, NSHDHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) CCSPositive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) CCSGeriatric Depression Scale (GDS) LSCC, OBAS - 30 items; 2-alternative forced choice LBLSNACC UDS Geriatric Depression Scale OBASPatient Health Questionnaire (PHQ - 9 items) EAS, UNCAHSComposite International Diagnostic Scale (CIDI) - 11 items HRSZung Self-rating Depression Scale BAS, ILSEBeck Depression Scale LSCCCornell Depression Scale OBASOars Mental Health Scale SATSAWang's Depressive Symptoms Scale (13 items) SWILSO-OPrimary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) UNCAHSStructured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID) ILSEMeta-motion scale (4 items) LASAPresent State Examination (PSE) NSHDPsychiatric Symptom Frequency (PSF) NSHDpost-natal depression NSHDinterview rated mood ILSEdetails to be obtained BOLSA, CHS, H-70, WLS

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Anxiety / AgitationHospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) CCS - 7-item scale LASAGoldberg Anxiety Scale (9 items; yes/no) CLSBeck Anxiety Scale EASStructured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID) ILSEBrief Symptom Inventory NASPresent State Examination (PSE) NSHDNeuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) & NPI-Q OBASSpielberger WLSState Trait Personality Inventory (STPI) - state anxiety subscale with 5-point format SATSAas an illness; to depression; medication & PTSD UNCAHSTester rated, single item GENDER

Psychosocial: Personality

Eysenck Personality ScalesEysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) OCTO-Twin - form A NAS - 9 items neurotic; 9 items extroverted SATSAEPI-Q NASMaudsley Personality Inventory (short version) NSHDdetails to be obtained CLS, GENDER, H-70, LSCC, WLS

NEO Personality ScalesNEO Personality Scales -71 items VLS - NEO-PI-R LBLS - NEO-PI; PI-R UNCAHS - IPIP version of the NEO EAS - agreeableness (10 items); conscientiousness (10 items); openness (25 items) SATSATransparent Bipolar Inventory CLSdetails to be obtained ILSE, SLS, WLS

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DispositionJenkins Activity Scale NASCook-Medly Hostility Scale SATSA, UNCAHSFramingham Type A Scale CCS - 10 items SATSABortner Scale (6 items) SATSARiegel Questionnaire on Rigidity BOLSAparanoid hostility (10 items) SATSAcynicism (9 items) SATSAlack of assertiveness (10 items) SATSAemotionality, fear, anger, active, sociable (4 items each category) SATSAoptimism/pessimism (4 positive & 4 negative items) SATSAdetails to be obtained SLS

Other PersonalityGeneral Self-efficacy Scale CCSGoldberg 5-factor NAS16PF NASMMPI NAS, UNCAHS,Karolinska Scales of Personality (10 items impulsivity; 10 items sensation seeker) SATSAlist of 12 descriptive words (participant rates self on 10 point scale as to how well the words describe their personality: very inaccurate to very accurate) HRSself-perceptions of stability and change UNCAHSdetails to be obtained GENDER, LASA, NORA

Psychosocial: Interpersonal FunctioningSocial (including family) Networks

EPESE ALSAISSI - short form CLSquantity OCTO-TwinLife complexity scale LBLSHendersen's Interview Schedule for Social Interaction SATSAMOOS Family Environment Scales - Childhood & Current: 40 items each (5 on 8 scales; 5-point rating) SATSAInterpersonal Support Evaluation (ISEL) UNCAHScohabitation, status of spouse (age, health, employment), siblings, children, significant others HOPE

17 questions re: social relationships (e.g., can you open up to family/friends, do they make demands of you, do they help) HRSquestions re: range of social activities & time spent with family & friends NSHD

details to be obtainedBAS, BOLSA, CHS, EAS, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LSCC, NORA, SLS, SWILSO-O, WLS

Social Support / Informal Help24

Close Persons Questionnaire CCSISSI - short form CLSsingle question re: family/friend contact during previous week HOPE

single question re: count on family/friends to help/support (response is 5-point scale --- strongly disagree to strongly agree) HRS

single question re: who helps care for your diabetes? (response offers 5 choices: spouse, other family, friends, paid helper, nobody) HRSsocial survey, health & social survey NAS

questions asked re: friends, neighbours who can be called upon to help & details of people who provide participant with emotional support NSHDVLS-Activities Lifestyle Questionnaire VLS

details to be obtainedALSA, BAS, CHS, EAS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, NORA, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SWILSO-O, UNCAHS

Lonelinesscurrent & past feelings of loneliness (4 levels) GENDER, OCTO-Twin5-point loneliness scale HOPEAble to discuss problems (yes/no) HOPE

4 questions re: feelings about companionship; each response coded with 3-point scale (hardly ever, some of the time, often) HRS11 items re: loneliness LASAsingle question re: loneliness SATSA - response on 4-point scale SWILSO-Odetails to be obtained BAS, EAS, H-70, NORA,

Psychosocial: Personal ControlGeneral Locus of Control

Attitudes & Views ALSABehaviour Scale - locus of control CLSsurvey GENDER5 questions/statements (responses include yes/no; 3-point scale; 4-point scale) HRSRotter Version OCTO-Twinluck, responsibility, life direction (4 items for each category) SATSAPearlin Self Mastery Scale SWILSO-Odetails to be obtained H-70, ILSE, LSCC

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Health Locus of ControlHealth Locus of Control Scales ALSAsurvey GENDER

single question re: control of health (response is 10-point scale --- "no control at all" to "very much control") HRSWallston & Wallston MHLC - Form A OCTO-Twin

Memory / Cognitive ControlWMS-III Mental Control OBASMIA -- Memory Control Scale VLSdetails to be obtained LSCC

Psychosocial: Life Satisfaction

Satisfaction ScalesSatisfaction with Life Scale CCS, UNCAHSCMHR (20 items rated on 4-point scale) CLS5 questions re: life satisfaction (responses include yes/no; different scales) HRSpersonal questionnaire LBLSNeugarten/Liang version NAS3 4-level items NORALSI-Z OCTO-Twinlife satisfaction score; 13 items rated on 5-point scale SATSAsingle question; 4-point scale SWILSO-Omarital satisfaction LBLSdetails to be obtained BOLSA, GENDER, NSHD, SLS

MoralePhiladelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale ALSA1 item on self-esteem scale LASABradburn Affect Balance Scale (12 items, well-being) VLSdetails to be obtained ILSE, NAS

Self-rated Emotional HealthGlobal Well-being (2 items) LASAsingle questions (response rated on 5-point scale) HRSdetails to be obtained GENDER, NAS

Quality of Life15 questions re: quality of life (responses rated on a variety of scales) HRSdetails to be obtained ALSA, CHS, EAS

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Psychosocial: Stress / Life Events

Life EventsEPESE ALSADaily Inventory of Stressful Events EASTennant & Andrews (adapted) LASA

summary of 3 events from past 10 years; autobiographical paragraph; write about person/event of significant impact LBLSElders Life Stress Inventory (ELSI) NASquestioned about multiple events (e.g., divorce, illness, death, burglary, work/family crisis) NSHDSocial Readjustment Rating Scale (modified version) SATSAsingle open-end question SWILSO-Ojob strain at work / home UNCAHSdetails to be obtained BAS, CHS, ILSE, LSCC

Perceived StressReye's Scale BASPANAS EASsurvey (when working & now) GENDER

perception of local nuisances (e.g., vandalism, litter, fumes, assault, burglaries, youth gathering threateningly) HOPEhealth, social, financial, occupational domains ILSEhumour as coping strategy (5 items) LASAsingle item (4-level) NORAdetails to be obtained BOLSA, LSCC, NAS

Illness / Disability Relative to Jobsurvey GENDERsingle question (yes/no) HRSphysical health section of PDS (instrumental/functional health) VLSdetails to be obtained NSHD

Life Complexity

distance (measured in miles - objective) (estimated by participant - self-perceived) to nearest GP, surgery, Dentist, Post Office, public phone, sports facility park, grocer, laundry, public house, bank. HOPE40 items on physical & social environment; participation in various activities LBLS

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Demographics

education (details to be obtained)

ALSA, BAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, NAS, NORA, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SLS, VLS, WLS

- years CLS, HOPE, HRS, UNCAHS - highest level complete CLS, HRS, NSHD, SATSA - degree(s) received HRS, SATSA, SWILSO-O - vocational training HRS, SATSA - age at leaving school NSHD

occupation (details to be obtained)ALSA, BAS, BOLSA, CHS, EAS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LSCC, NAS, OBAS, SLS, SWILSO-O, VLS, WLS

- main lifetime respondent / spouse CLS, NSHD, SATSA - standard occupation classification; major/minor HOPE - type / responsibilities HRS, SATSA - retirement age NORA - SEI classification; SCB OCTO-Twin - census codes UNCAHS - employment status (employed, unemployed, retired) CCS, HRS, LBLS, UNCAHS

income (details to be obtained)BAS, BOLSA, CHS, EAS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, NAS, NORA, NSHD, SWILSO-O, WLS

- current ALSA, OCTO-Twin - assets (e.g., real estate, stocks, cds) HRS - not wages (e.g., pension, unemployment) HRS - spouse HRS - is it sufficient to meet needs NSHD, UNCAHS - family of origin OCTO-Twin

socio-economic status (details to be obtained)ALSA, BAS, BOLSA, EAS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LSCC, NAS, NSHD, OBAS, SLS, SWILSO-O

- accommodation/dwelling type HOPE, SATSA - social class / classification CCS, OCTO-Twin - property (e.g., land, auto) HOPE, HRS, SATSA - job status CLS, NSHD, SATSA, VLS

living arrangement (details to be obtained)

ALSA, BAS, BOLSA, CCS, CHS, EAS, GENDER, H-70, ILSE, LASA, LBLS, LSCC, NAS, NORA, OBAS, OCTO-Twin, SLS, SWILSO-O, VLS, WLS

- marital status CLS, HRS, NSHD, SATSA - dwelling type CLS - dwelling amenities (e.g., phone, heating) HOPE - dwelling conditions (e.g., cold, noise) HOPE - children / others live with respondent HRS, NSHD

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