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May 2, 2023 1
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
S. Sankaran
May 2, 2023 2
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Specification for CS Welding Electrodes
AWS A - 5.1
IS - 814
May 2, 2023 3
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Classification as per AWS A-5.1 E X X X X - X
Suffix indicates Toughness, Hydrogen, Coating moisture
Type of coating, type of current, Nature of arc,
penetration characteristicWelding psosition
Tensile strength of weldmetal in kpsiDenotes Electrode
May 2, 2023 4
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
IS – 814E B X X X X H J
Metal recovery 120%Hydrogen control < 15ml / 100gm
Welding currentWelding Position
%E and Impact at specified tempUTS and YS
Coating type – basicCovered electrode
May 2, 2023 5
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Attributes of a welding electrode which can be defined for the purpose of a specification are
Dimension Electrode length Wire diameter Limits for coating eccentricity
Packing Types Marking & Identification
Properties of weld metal Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties Soundness of weld metal
May 2, 2023 6
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing
Mis-useA specification for a product defines those attributes which can be quantified and readily measured.
In the case of Welding Electrodes, many of the attributes quantified are those of the WELDMETAL derived from the electrode rather than the ELECTRODE itself. ( How the weld metal is derived from the electrode can cause variations in the properties )
May 2, 2023 7
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
So, preparation of a Standard Test Weld is a part of the specification for Welding Electrodes
The defined attributes are measured on the Standard Test Weld which may not be representative of the weld in any particular application
May 2, 2023 8
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Specification for welding electrodes must be viewed as a way of classifying the types of electrodes, rather than as a way of defining the performance
Performance of the electrode wrt a WPS is measured in a Procedure Qualification Test
May 2, 2023 9
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Packing of Electrodes
Cardboard cartonPlastic cartonsVacuum sealed in Al foilHermetically sealed cans
May 2, 2023 10
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
May 2, 2023 11
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Electrode Identification
Colour coding – Tip and/or grip endName Printing – Brand Name and/or Spec
May 2, 2023 12
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Recommended Storage for Electrodes
Below 50% relative humidityBetween 20 to 40 degree C
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Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Shelf life of Electrodes
Depends onType of packingStorage condition
May 2, 2023 14
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Conditioning of Electrodes before use
Baking – at 150 to 300 deg C depending on type of electrode
Holding – above 100 deg C till use
May 2, 2023 15
Welding ElectrodesProper Use & Preventing Mis-use
Wastage of Electrodes
Tip damage Coating damage Stub loss
