West Virgina 4.7.11 #2 Kinesic Interview

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    KinesicKinesic InterviewingInterviewing

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    PrinciplesPrinciples

    Establish baseline; look for changesEstablish baseline; look for changes

    Changes must be in clusters, notChanges must be in clusters, notindividuallyindividually

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    Behaviors must be relatively consistentBehaviors must be relatively consistentwhen stimuli are repeated.when stimuli are repeated.

    3 to 5 after question3 to 5 after question

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    Interview StagesInterview Stages

    AngerAnger

    DepressionDepression

    DenialDenialBargainingBargaining

    Acceptance (confession)Acceptance (confession)

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    Which State?Which State?

    Behavioral cluesBehavioral clues

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    AngerAnger

    State of dominanceState of dominance tries to gain ortries to gain ormaintain control through aggressionmaintain control through aggression

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    AngerAnger

    TruthfulTruthful Late in interviewLate in interview

    DeceptiveDeceptive Beginning of interviewBeginning of interview

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    AngerAnger

    FocusedFocused

    Attacks interviewerAttacks interviewer

    Attacks agencyAttacks agencyAttacks victimAttacks victim

    Attacks witnessesAttacks witnesses

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    AngerAnger

    CovertCovert

    Inconvenienced but willing to helpInconvenienced but willing to helpAttacks case factsAttacks case facts

    More education than interviewerMore education than interviewer

    Change in form of addressChange in form of address(Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    DepressionDepression

    ComplainsComplains

    Physical ailmentsPhysical ailments

    Reputation ruinedReputation ruinedHopelessHopeless

    Drains offenderDrains offender

    Does not confessDoes not confess(Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    Depression and AcceptanceDepression and Acceptance

    Body slumpBody slump

    Drooping shouldersDrooping shoulders

    Chin in the chestChin in the chestCrying for first timeCrying for first time

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    DenialDenial

    More memory lapses than truthfulMore memory lapses than truthfulsubjectssubjects

    Memory lapses about things others wouldMemory lapses about things others wouldrememberremember

    HyperHyper--memorymemory

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    Denial FlagsDenial Flags

    Really, . . . I wouldnt do somethingReally, . . . I wouldnt do somethinglike that.like that.

    Honestly, I didnt do it.Honestly, I didnt do it. I didnt forge the signature, believeI didnt forge the signature, believe

    me.me.

    To tell you the truth I didnt know

    To tell you the truth I didnt knowhe was in there.he was in there.

    (Walters, 1996, p. 32)(Walters, 1996, p. 32)

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    ModifiersModifiers

    Ordinarily, I dont get involved inOrdinarily, I dont get involved inthings like that.things like that.

    Most of the time, I dont lose myMost of the time, I dont lose mytemper.temper.

    I dont usually make the depositI dont usually make the depositthat late.that late.

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    Guilt PhrasesGuilt Phrases -- OK, just remember,OK, just remember,Im the victim, not the suspect.Im the victim, not the suspect.

    (Clerk pretending to be robbed)(Clerk pretending to be robbed)

    Blocking statements Why would I riskBlocking statements Why would I risk

    embarrassing myself and my familyembarrassing myself and my familyby doing something like that?by doing something like that?

    (Walters, 1996, pp 34(Walters, 1996, pp 34--35)35)

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    Bridging phrases I had just startedBridging phrases I had just startedeating lunch and the next thing Ieating lunch and the next thing Iknew . . .knew . . .

    Vocabulary shiftingVocabulary shifting peoplepeoplebecome principalsbecome principals

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    Specific DenialSpecific Denial

    Q. Were you in the research labQ. Were you in the research labwhen the computer system wentwhen the computer system wentdown last night?down last night?

    A. No, I was not in the computerA. No, I was not in the computerroom when the computer wentroom when the computer wentdown.down.

    (Walters, 1996, p. 38)(Walters, 1996, p. 38)

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    BargainingBargaining

    ComplainingComplaining

    TransitionTransition

    RationalizingRationalizingNegotiatingNegotiating

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    ComplainingComplaining

    TruthfulTruthful After completion ofAfter completion ofcritical parts of interviewcritical parts of interview

    DeceptionDeception From beginning toFrom beginning tointerrupt interviewinterrupt interview

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    AcceptanceAcceptance

    Open to confessionOpen to confession

    Short period of timeShort period of time

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    IndicatorsIndicators

    BuyBuy--out statementsout statements pay back moneypay back money

    Fantasy/realityFantasy/reality

    Do you want me to lie to you and sayDo you want me to lie to you and sayI did it?I did it?

    Punishment statementsPunishment statements

    What would happen to someone whoWhat would happen to someone whodid this?did this?

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    Fantasy/RealityFantasy/Reality

    Dont say lie to meDont say lie to me

    Dont say dont lie to meDont say dont lie to me

    Why might someone do somethingWhy might someone do somethinglike that?like that? Mind of perpetratorMind of perpetrator

    Know about crimeKnow about crime overheardoverheard

    conversations?conversations? Was this the first time?Was this the first time?

    Not supposed to happen like that?Not supposed to happen like that?

    Victim point of viewVictim point of view

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    GoalGoal

    Keep him talkingKeep him talking

    Allow him to use third personAllow him to use third person

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    PunishmentPunishment

    I dont know but will be glad to talkI dont know but will be glad to talkto prosecutor and tell him your sideto prosecutor and tell him your sideof the story.of the story.

    (Walters, 1996, p. 52)(Walters, 1996, p. 52)

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    AcceptanceAcceptance

    Interviewer MustInterviewer Must

    1)1)Show subject he is in acceptanceShow subject he is in acceptance2)2)Provide a conducive atmosphereProvide a conducive atmosphere

    3)3)Avoid pressureAvoid pressure

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    KinesicKinesic InterviewingInterviewing

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    Process of InterviewProcess of Interview

    4 ways4 ways

    Use 3Use 3

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    ClustersClusters

    5 different types of behaviors5 different types of behaviors

    Multiple examples ofMultiple examples of

    Speech dysfunctionSpeech dysfunction

    Religious claimsReligious claimsEach = 1 typeEach = 1 type

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    Process of InterviewProcess of Interview

    1) Free narrative1) Free narrative no confrontationno confrontation

    Few notesFew notes keep scorekeep score

    Start 1 to 2 hours before eventStart 1 to 2 hours before eventRest afterwardsRest afterwards

    2) Reverse order with questions2) Reverse order with questionsWhat was going on in the houseWhat was going on in the house

    just before you smelled the fire?just before you smelled the fire?

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    Reverse Order withPromptsReverse Order withPrompts

    TruthfulTruthful More accurateMore accurate

    DeceptiveDeceptive ConfusedConfused

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    Process of InterviewProcess of Interview

    3) Split reversal3) Split reversal RandomRandom

    4) Written4) Written1 piece of paper at a time1 piece of paper at a time

    Hard surface noHard surface no paddingdfpaddingdf

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    All three statementsAll three statements

    Symptoms of stress at same placesSymptoms of stress at same places

    Concentrate on those placesConcentrate on those places

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    What to Code During NarrativeWhat to Code During Narrative

    AngerAnger

    Obscene languageObscene language

    AttacksAttacks DepressionDepression

    Mention of sleep problems,Mention of sleep problems,

    depression, etc.depression, etc.Ruined careerRuined career

    Family problemsFamily problems

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    What to Code During NarrativeWhat to Code During Narrative

    DenialDenial

    Memory failuresMemory failures

    Guilt phrasesGuilt phrasesModifiersModifiers

    BargainingBargainingMoral codeMoral code

    Substitute wordsSubstitute words

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    Top Lie DetectorsTop Lie Detectors

    Very fewVery few

    85% accuracy85% accuracy(Ekman, 2009)(Ekman, 2009)

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    Wont ParticipateWont Participate

    Tell him facts of caseTell him facts of case

    Divert himDivert him

    Repeat statement backRepeat statement backNew factsNew facts

    Corrects statementCorrects statement

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    Voice QualityVoice Quality

    Strength & depth of emotionStrength & depth of emotion

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)

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    Rate of speechRate of speech

    USUS

    5050 150 words per minute150 words per minute

    (Walters, 1996)(Walters, 1996)