8/13/2019 Westward Movement and the Development of Plantation Slavery

1/3

November 14, 2013

WESTWARD MOVEMENT AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTATION

SLAVERY

Origins of growth of black belto From eastern seaboard to other parts (west Louisiana purchase)o Coastal vs. Miss. (Western movement)o Black belt = Louisiana Purchase; with movement of people came slaves

Slow process; slavery appeared to be on the decline especially inthe North where slavery was slowly being outlawed state by state.

However as Westward lands opened up and New England

merchants began bringing Africans although international slave

trade was outlawed

o Southern planters experimentation with cotton began surfacing andpaying off

Adventurous men began buying land and slaves in the newly land 1786 - Suppression of the slave trade; Jefferson and Franklin urged

the freeing of slaves Prohibited bringing new African slaves in

Virginia

1807 - last year that slaves brought from Africa/Islands to N.America legally though slaves still brought illegally

Southerners being elected the presidency and preservingtheslavery interests of the Southern states

o 1802 - Even while slavery was being outlawed in the North, Jeffersonprohibited Blacks from voting

Laws were also created to exclude Blacks from certain work =relegating Blacks to other lower-class lower paying jobs (nigger

work)

Society had to find new groups of people to do the work thatWhites wouldnt (Irish, German immigrants)

New wave of immigrants played great impact on upward mobilityof Blacks

o Land Lottery Similar to the lottery except no one paid for land because it was

free land

Some would just find a plot and work it to lay claim to ito 1793 - Invention of the Cotton Gin, Eli Whitney

8/13/2019 Westward Movement and the Development of Plantation Slavery

2/3

November 14, 2013

Some say that Blacks already invented the machine already in a lesssophisticated form, and Whitney was just the first person to be able

to patent what was already in use by his or other slaves

1792 - 13 thousand bails = cotton produced 1817 469 thousand bails 1840 over 2 million bail 1850 4 million bails

Birth of the cotton industry created high demand for slaves therebyincreasing the number of slaves

o War of 1812 Against Britain over Impression; kidnapping and forcing people o

work as marines (sailors in the British Navy)

Andrew Jackson introduced as a general Col. William Perry used abt 400 Blacks in his regiment Jackson used 500 Blacks in New Orleans; promised them $125 and

160 acres of land (enough to be completely self-sufficient)

End of the war helped expand the growing Cotton Kingdom Problem = Native Americans Jackson took it upon himself to move them out or run them out of

the land he and others wanted for the common man in the land

lottery Hailed as a champion of the common man

o Florida Tri-Racial Society

Whites, Indians, and Blacks both free and runaway Could be said to be Qua-Racial (Spanish Tampa) but at the

time Spanish counted as White (European)

Metal and guns traded to the Native Americans to supportfamily

Domestic slave tradeo Virginia, Maryland, N. Carolina, Kentucky had more

slave that they needed, breeding producing excess

amts.; addtl slaves could be sold to the further

Southern states

o Majority of Black people in Florida, Georgia,etc. camefrom the more northern Southern states previously

listed

1820 triracial; Seminole, Black, White

8/13/2019 Westward Movement and the Development of Plantation Slavery

3/3

November 14, 2013

1830 white majority 1840 Black majority 1850 Black population increases 1860 Black population double that of white

population Small land owners took advantage of

land lottery to sell to elite whites who

consolidated disparate land creating a

planter class in the Deep South leading

to the cotton kingdom

Peculiar Institutiono Slavery intensified due to Westward movement and

domestic slave trade

o 1830-1860- Virginia imported 300 thousand slaves dueto decline of tobacco & greed (selling slaves)

o Women baring a lot kids were set free (???)o T. Jefferson said that about every 2 yrs. A child

should be born; mother works a yr and then get

pregnant and have another child (rinse, repeat)

o S. Carolina children of slaves counted as animalsunder agricultural census (every 10yrs)

o Detail of agricultural lists livestock growth/declineand lists how many slaves were owned therefore agescan be gauged

o Taxes (Every year) include estate records; ways toacct for slaves and property.