What were the causes and effects of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation?

What were the causes and effects of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation?

Sneaker WarsSuppose you wanted to start a new sneaker company, to compete with Nike? What would you do?Suppose you were Nike? How would you respond to this challenge? Suppose you were Foot Locker or Modells? How would you try to turn this to your advantage?

Causes of the ReformationIndulgences / Church Corruption

Causes of the ReformationIndulgences / Church CorruptionThe Commercial Revolution and Humanist Beliefs - the idea that God wants you to be great on earth as well as heaven.

Religious affiliation, Germany. 1648

Hanseatic League cities: the commercial center of northern Europe

Causes of the ReformationIndulgences / Church CorruptionHumanism and the Commercial RevolutionOnly faith matters; no one judges you on your deedsIndividual should speak directly to God not through a priest

Causes of the ReformationIndulgences / Church CorruptionHumanism and the Commercial RevolutionIncreased Literacy and the Printing PressPeople can read Luthers critiquesPeople can read the Bible for themselvesLuther translates the Bible from Latin to German

Causes of the ReformationIndulgences / Church CorruptionHumanism and the Commercial RevolutionIncreased Literacy and the Printing PressIncreasing Power of Kings and Princes - willingness to challenge the Popes authority

Holy Roman Emperor Charles Vs empire

Germanic States on eve of the Reformation

Germanic Princes vs. the Holy Roman Emperor: a struggle for power

Why would German princes support and shelter Luther?Shows independence from Holy Roman EmperorEliminate payments to the PopeConfiscate wealth of Catholic Church monasteries, etc.Eliminate rival authority bishops and archbishops

Why did German peasantry think this was an excuse to revolt against the nobility?

If the Popes authority can be called into question, why not the feudal lords?Bible seems to support them in many places the meek shall inherit the earthWhat do peasants want? LAND.

Why does Luther condemn the revolt and back authority?Needs support of princesLuther: Nothing that happens on this earth truly matters - accept your suffering hereGodly rulers must be obeyed in all things and even ungodly ones should never be actively resisted since tyranny is not to be resisted but endured. Nothing can be more poisonous than a man in rebellion.

Case Study: How did the English Reformation increase the power of the State?Why did Henry need a new wife? Looking for a male heirWhy didnt he just get divorced?Why didnt he get an Annulment from the Pope?

Charles V was the nephew of Henrys wife, CatherineRome

Henry VIIIs Limited ReformationDivorces Catherine; marries Anne Boleyn, then 4 others - gets his male heirAnglicanism = Catholicism without the Pope Anglican Archbishop appointed by the KingConfiscates Church lands gives some to his supporters - why?No more $$$ to Pope, Rome

How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation? Rebranding

Try to find new starsBetter training and schooling of priestsMake a better productMoral reform end indulgences, crack down on bad priests More advertisingSociety of Jesus Jesuits; missionaries, evangelicals to spread the Catholic faith Price warsHoly Inquisition, Wars of Religion, Thirty Years War, censorship Dont give up on best brand if it is still the biggest in marketKeeps all basic ideas of Catholicism including good works, Popes authorityConcessions to big retailers to carry only your brand Allows kings of France and Spain to make major church appointments, end payments to Rome

How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation? Rebranding

Try to find new starsBetter training and schooling of priestsMake a better productMoral reform end indulgences, crack down on bad priests More advertisingSociety of Jesus Jesuits; missionaries, evangelicals to spread the Catholic faith Price warsHoly Inquisition, Wars of Religion, Thirty Years War, censorship Dont give up on best brand if it is still the biggest in marketKeeps all basic ideas of Catholicism including good works, Popes authority - one faith, one answerConcessions to big retailers to carry only your brand Pope allows kings of France and Spain to make major church appointments, end $$$ to Rome

Effects of the ReformationsKings grow more powerful each king or prince chooses the religion of his stateMost absolutist kings align w/ Catholicism in return for support of the ChurchNorth - Protestant vs. South- Catholicism split of Europe

Religious affiliation in Europe, 1600