WHO and OIE Collaboration in Food Safety and Zoonoses and OIE... · OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia 15-17 October 2013 CAUSATIVE AGENT NUMBER PERCENT Salmonella 1 501 26.6 Bacterial

WHO and OIE

Collaboration in Food

Safety and Zoonoses

Dr. Hilde Kruse Programme Manager Food Safety

WHO/Europe

PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Common Goal

Current Situation

One Health Approach

Accomplishments

Key Principles

Plans for the Future

OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia

15-17 October 2013

COMMON GOAL

GOAL: HEALTH FOR ALL


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SHARED REALITY:

A TALL ORDER

WORLDWIDE SITUATION


15-17 October 2013

*American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). One health: A new professional imperative. One Health Initiative Task Force: Final Report.

60 Percent of the ~1, 461 Human Diseases Caused by

Zoonotic Pathogens

75 Percent of Emerging Infectious Disease

that are Zoonotic

CURRENT SITUATION: EU

> 320,000 reported Human Cases Foodborne Zoonoses per year in EU*


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*EFSA, Food-borne zoonotic diseases, http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/foodbornezoonoticdiseases.htm, Accessed 23/09/13

ENOUGH TO FILL 4 OLYMPIC STADIUMS


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REPORTED ZOONOSES: EU

EFSA , ECDC (2013), p. 11

CURRENT SITUATION


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Most Outbreaks Linked to Foodstuffs of Animal Origin*

*Source: EFSA , ECDC (2013), pp. 201, 204.

CURRENT SITUATION (EU)

5, 648

Outbreaks


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CAUSATIVE AGENT NUMBER PERCENT

Salmonella 1 501 26.6

Bacterial Toxins 730 12.9

Campylobacter 598 10.6

Viruses 525 9.3

Other Agents 113 2.0

E. coli, pathogenic 63 1.1

Other bacterial agents 47 0.8

Parasites 31 0.5

Yersinia 17 0.3

Unknown 2 023 35.8

EU TOTAL 5 648

69, 553

Human Cases

7, 125

Hospitalisations

Foodborne Disease Outbreaks 2011

Source: EFSA , ECDC (2013), pp. 195,198.

CURRENT SITUATION


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Contaminated Animal Feed Pet Foods (Melamine, Salmonella, Listeria) 15-30% Salmonella infections in pigs* Food Animals as Pathogen Reservoirs Contamination of Food for Human Consumption Contaminated food can be of animal and non-animal origin Widespread Effects Animal Illness (clinical or subclinical) Human Illness Antimicrobial Resistance

*Berends, B.R., et al. (1996). Identification and quanitification of risk factors in animal management and transport regarding Salmonella spp. in pigs. Int J Food Microbiol 30(1-2): 37-53. Hald, T., et al. (2012). Assessment of the human-health impact of Salmonella in animal feed. 1st Edition. National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark.

Foodborne Pathogens Affect Both Humans & Animals

SALMONELLA AMR


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World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. (2011). Tackling antibiotic resistance from a food safety perspective in Europe. p. 17.

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AMR


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Animal

FeedsMeat

Direct

Contact

EXTENDED

CARE

FACILITIES

HOSPITALIZED

HUMAN

Commercial

Abattoirs /

Processing

Plants

Rendering

FOOD

ANIMALS

SHEEP CATTLE

SWINE

POULTRY

VEALCALVES

Offal

COMPANION

ANIMALS

Vegetation,

Seed Crops, Fruit

Sewage

Drinking

water

Drinking

Water

Sea /

Lakes

SwimmingAQUACULTURE

Rivers and

Streams

EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY

OF OF

ANTIMICROBIAL ANTIMICROBIAL

RESISTANCERESISTANCE

Industrial &

Household

Antibacterial

Chemicals

OTHER

FARMED LIVESTOCK

COMMUNITY

- URBAN-RURAL

WILDLIFE

SOIL

Handling

Preparation

Consumption

after Linton AH (1977), modified by Irwin RJ

Dead

stock

Farm Effluents and

Manure Spreading

Antibiotic use in one ecological compartment,

such as food animal production, can have consequences for the resistance situation in another

ecological compartment, such as public health


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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AMR

TAKE-HOME MESSAGE


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Issues of Food Safety & Zoonoses, Animal & Human Health

TOO BIG for ANY ONE TO TACKLE

TEAM APPROACH

ONE HEALTH


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ONE HEALTH


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• Integrating Multiple Perspectives

• Combining Strengths & Resources

• Taking Joint Action

ONE HEALTH


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OIE – WHO COLLABORATION

FRUITS of LABOUR:

ACCOMPLISHMENTS

ACCOMPLISHMENTS Joint Expert Meetings & Workshops on AMR

FAO-OIE-WHO

2003, 2004, 2006, 2007

Collaboration on Critical Antimicrobials Lists

Joint Technical & Scientific Consultations FAO-OIE-WHO

2008, 2010

Avian Influenza

Zoonoses


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Joint Publications

Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans (WHO-OIE, 2001)

Brucellosis in Humans and Animals (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2006)

Guidelines ... Control of Trichinellosis (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2007)

Anthrax in Humans and Animals, 4th Edition (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2008)

Technical Update: Avian Influenza H5N1 (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2011)

ACCOMPLISHMENTS


15-17 October 2013

Joint FAO, OIE, and WHO Statement on Rabies Elimination

“Different sectors and disciplines need

to collaborate closely, and World Rabies

Day is an opportunity to establish or

strengthen these links”

“FAO, OIE and WHO are working together to raise global awareness and commitment

to step-up the fight against rabies”

Global Alliance for Rabies Control. (2013). World Rabies Day. http://rabiesalliance.org/world-rabies-day/. Accessed 3 October 2013.

ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Tripartite Concept Note

FAO-OIE-WHO, 2010

“Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global

activities to address health risks at the anima-human

ecosystems interfaces”


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ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Tripartite Concept Note

Framework for Inter-Organization Collaboration

Harmonization of

Normative work

Public Communication

Pathogen Detection

Risk Assessment & Management

Data Sharing & Research Development


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FAO-OIE-WHO. (2010). The FAO-OIE-WHO Collaboration: Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global activities to address health risks at the animal-human-ecosystems interfaces (A Tripartite Concept Note). April 2010.

ACCOMPLISHMENTS

GLEWS Global Early Warning & Response System for

Major Animal Diseases Including Zoonoses

www.glews.net

• Established in 2006

• Integrate Alert & Response Systems

• Coordinate Alert Verification

• February 2013: GLEWS+ OIE Regional Seminar

Belgrade, Serbia 15-17 October 2013

http://www.glews.net/ 30 September 2013

ACCOMPLISHMENTS


15-17 October 2013

http://www.glews.net/ 30 September 2013

GLEWS+


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ACCOMPLISHMENTS

INFOSAN The International Food Safety Authorities Network

FAO-WHO Initiative Global Network

181 Member States

Ea. State has Contact Point

National-International Communication

Aims Rapid Info Exchange During Food Safety Events

Promote Inter-Country Collaboration Help Countries Strengthen Capacity

http://www.who.int/foodsafety/fs_management/infosan/en/


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ACCOMPLISHMENTS

CODEX ALIMENTARIUS International Food Safety Standards

http://www.codexalimentarius.org/about-codex/en/

FAO-WHO Initiative

Standards, Guidelines, Codes of Practice Free, Public Information

International Food Trade Safety, Quality, Fairness

Codex Members Cover 99% of World Population

186 Codex Members 220 Codex Observers

Codex Trust Fund Assistance

Make a Wish! CODEX is 50!

ESSENTIAL

INGREDIENTS

ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS


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Trust



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Communication



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Conflict Resolution



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Mutual Benefits & Reciprocity:

Keeping the Common

Goal in Mind

NEXT ON THE

MENU

NEXT ON THE MENU


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Collaboration on All Levels: International-Regional-National-Local


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NEXT ON THE MENU

Health 2020: The European Strategy for Health & Well-Being


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“Expanding interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration between human, environmental and animal health enhances public health effectiveness.” “The aims of Health 2020 will be achieved through a combination of individual and collective efforts.”

Health 2020: The European Strategy for Health & Well-Being

NEXT ON THE MENU

WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2013). Health 2020: A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2013). Health 2020: A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century.

IDEAL: HEALTH FOR ALL


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Credits

CREDITS


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Alicia May Leahy MD/PhD Candidate Texas A&M Health Science Center Intern, Food Safety WHO Regional Office for Europe [email protected]

CREDITS


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Dr. Liz Mumford Food Safety and Zoonoses

WHO Head Quarters, Geneva

Bernadette Abela-Ridder Neglected Zoonotic Diseases WHO Head Quarters, Geneva

Gillian Mylrea Deputy Head

International Trade Department World Organisation for Animal Health

REFERENCES American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). One health: A new professional imperative. One Health Initiative Task Force: Final Report. Berends, B.R., et al. (1996). Identification and quanitification of risk factors in animal management and transport regarding Salmonella spp. in pigs. Int J Food Microbiol 30(1-2): 37-53. Cocchi, M., et al. (2010). Canine nephrotoxicosis induced by melamine-contaminated pet food in Italy. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 72(1): 103-107. EFSA ,(European Food Safety Authority), ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), (2013). The European Union summary on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-bourne outbreaks in 2011. EFSA Journal 11(4): 3129 , 250 pp. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (2012). Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2011. (EARS-Net). Stockholm: ECDC; 2012. Annual Report of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network . FAO. (2013). FAO, OIE and WHO unite for World Rabies Day to call for elimination of disease. 27 September. http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/198087/icode. Accessed 3 October 2013. FAO-OIE-WHO. (2010). The FAO-OIE-WHO Collaboration: Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global activities to address health risks at the animal-human-ecosystems interfaces (A Tripartite Concept Note). April 2010.

Food Standards Agency (2011). Foodborne diseases strategy 2010-2015: Objectives, vision and approach. Version 1-0. Global Alliance for Rabies Control. (2013). World Rabies Day. http://rabiesalliance.org/world-rabies-day/. Accessed 3 October 2013. Hald, T., et al. (2012). Assessment of the human-health impact of Salmonella in animal feed. 1st Edition. National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2011). Tackling antibiotic resistance from a food safety perspective in Europe. p. 17. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2013). Health 2020: A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century.

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15-17 October 2013

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WHO and OIE Collaboration in Food Safety and Zoonoses and OIE... · OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia 15-17 October 2013 CAUSATIVE AGENT NUMBER PERCENT Salmonella 1 501 26.6 Bacterial