Whole House Water System Planning Guide 2012

Whole House Water System Planning Guide

TableofContents

Section PageCompany Profile 1

ProjectManagement &TechnicalServices 2

ResidentialTestimonials 3

ServicePlansandLifetimeWarranties 4

WhatDoesYourWaterCost? 5

HowFastYourWell PaysforItself 6

HowMuchWaterDoesMySprinklerSystemUse? 7

Project ScopeofWorkItems&TimeLine 8

Well &PumpSystemBallParkPrices 9

Bedrock Artesianvs.ShallowWells 10

HowArtesianWellsWork 11

RecoveryRateinArtesianWells 12

PoBox158*Tewksbury,MA01876*Tel:9786406900*Fax:9786406901*www.WellWaterConnection.com

Casing, DriveShoeandGroundwater 13

TheProcessandTime Line 14

WholeHouseWaterSystems 15

IronRemovalFilters 16

SubmersiblePumpSystems 17

SubmersiblePumpCurve 18

ConstantPressureSystems 19

SitePreparation 20

Hydrofracturing& Zonefracturing 21

CommonWaterProblems 22

WaterSofteners 23

SedimentFilters 24

DisguiseYourWell 25

ArtificialRocks 26

TechnicalServices 2728

ExpertAdviceKeytoSuccessfullyDrillingAWell 29

CompanyProfile

Duringthattime,Ilistenedtomanyquestions,concernsandcomplaintsfromhomeowners,propertyowners,propertymanagers,landscapersandirrigationcontractorsaboutthelimitedinformationandservicesprovidedbymostwelldrillingcompanies.

Aftersixsuccessfulyearswiththatcompany,Ibegantosearchforacompanythatcouldprovidealltypesofwaterwells(notjustartesian),butalsothepumps,filtrationsystemsandtheplanning,permitting,designandmaintenanceservicesthatIknewbynowwerenecessaryforqualitywellinstallationsandthekeytolongtermsatisfiedcustomers.Iquicklylearnedthatthattypeofcompanydidnotyetexist.

ThankyouforyourinterestinWellWaterConnection,Inc. andforallowingmetointroducemyselfandmycompanytoyou.AfterreceivingacivilengineeringdegreefromtheUniversityofMassachusettsin1990,IworkedontheCentralArteryProjectforStone&WebstersGeotechnicalEngineeringDivisioninBoston.ThereIsupervisedgeotechnicalsiteinvestigationsanddrillingoperations,monitoredwellinstallationsandperformedbedrockandsoiltesting,bothinthefieldandinthelaboratory.AsthegeotechnicalworkontheBigDigwascompleted,Iwaslaidoff,soin1995,Istartedworkingforasmalllocalartesianwaterwelldrillingcompany.Overthenextsixyearsasthesalesmanagerandthengeneralmanagerofthatcompany,Ibecamedirectlyresponsibleforsales,design,coordinationandsupervisionoftheinstallationofover600residentialandcommercialartesianwellandpumpsystems.

In2002,IstartedWellWaterConnection,Inc.,atrulyfullservice,waterwelldesignandprojectmanagementcompanythatprovideswellmanaged,customdesignedirrigationwells,pumpingsystems,filtrationandrelatedservicesthatdovetailseamlesslywithourcustomersirrigationsystemsandlandscapeplans.Weareacompanywhosecapabilitiesandmenuofservicesisnotlimitedbyourdrillersexperienceorbythetypeofequipmentweown.Withacivilengineeringdegreeandgeotechnicalengineeringbackground,andprofessionalaffiliationswithcompetent,highlyknowledgeable,fullylicensedandinsuredwaterwelldrillersandrelatedprofessionals,weareabletohandlelargeprojectswhilestillprovidingpersonaloneononeattentiontothesmallestdetails.Werealizetheimportanceofgoodcommunicationwithourcustomers,whethertheyarebigorsmall,andmeetingthetechnicalconcernsandpracticalexpectationsoftheotherengineers,designersandcontractorsworkingontheproject.

In2011,wemovedourofficetoanewfacility,openedourWaterFiltrationDivisionandhiredadditionalserviceandadministrativestaff.Inaddition,wemadeanarrangementwithalocalretailstore,QualityPump&Supply,toofferprofessionalgradewaterpumpandfiltrationproductsatadiscountedpriceforourcustomers.Aswecontinuetogrowanddevelop,westrivetoprovideourcustomerswiththebestservice,butknowthedecisiontohireacontractorcanbechallenging.AtWellWaterConnection,Inc., oneofourgoalsistoprovideourcustomerswithenoughinformationtomakewellinformeddecisions.Pleasedonothesitatetocontactourofficeifyouhaveanyquestions,needmoreinformation,references,orwouldlikeafree,noobligationwrittenestimateforyourwaterwellrelatedproject.

Weareproudtoofferyouourexpertiseandeagerforyoutoexperienceourlevelofservice.Thankyouagainforallowingmetointroducemycompanytoyou.Welookforwardtoworkingwithyou.

JohnLarsenOwner

POBox158*Tewksbury,MA01876*Tel:9786406900*Fax:9786406901*www.WellWaterConnection.com

1

ProjectManagement&TechnicalServices

OurProjectManagementDivision willassistyouintheimplementationofyourgroundwaterwellproject...

CostEstimatingEstimateProcurementSiteStudyandSelectionPermittingWaterWellDesignEstimateAnalysis&ComparisonsSpecificationsDesignWaterAnalysisPumpSystemDesign

FeasibilityAnalysisSiteAssessmentInvestigationServicesFiltrationDesignFractureTraceAnalysisSystemEvaluationPumpTestAnalysisVLFGeophysicalSurveys

while our Technical Services Division utilizes our own pumpwhileourTechnicalServicesDivision utilizesourownpumpinstallationandserviceequipment,experiencedcrewandnetworkoffullyqualifiedandlicensedwaterwellandrelatedprofessionalsto

getthejobdoneright,ontimeandwithinbudget.ArtesianWellsPointWellsGravelWellsGeothermalSystemsBoosterPumpSystemsPumpSystemDiagnosticsPumpRemoval&InstallationsWaterSampling&TestingZoneFracturingConstantPressureSystemsFiltrationSystemsHydrofracturing

SitePrepandPreservationTrenchingTestWorkDownHoleVideoInspectionsPumpRepair&MaintenanceLocatingExistingWellsStainRemovalServicesStainPreventionSystemsPumpTestingDebrisRemovalandContainmentWholeHouseWaterSystems


2

ResidentialTestimonials

"John is always courteous and professional and cares about customer satisfaction. A pleasure to do businesswith." Jim Barry, Tewksbury, MA

"We recently installed an irrigation well at our home in Randolph. After considering several companies, I selectedWell Water Connection primarily because I was confident, after talking with John Larsen, that he and his companywere competent, responsible and honest. John, Nancy and Mike thoroughly justified my confidence. The work wasperformed when and as promised and they were always responsive and pleasant to deal with. While actual wellproduction is, of course, not predictable, we got a well with about three times the production that our contractcalled for, on time, at a fair price and within budget. I couldn't have asked for more.

Laurence Johnson, Randolph, MA

"John has been nothing but the best for us." Chet and Joy MacAskill, Saugus, MA

WWC provided a complete turnkey solution coordinated the drilling, plumbing, electrical, and landscaping; alsothe town permit in advance and the water dept certification upon completion. John also kept my neighborsinformed about the project, and kept their disruption to a minimum. The Foxboro Water Dept was pleased, myneighbors were pleased, and I was pleased (because he even came in under budget!)."

Arthur Barrett, Foxboro, MA

"John, great job and support. Give Henry some treats!" Ralph Poirier, Reading, MA

"John and Nancy were thorough, responsive and professional during all stages of our well project. John workedy g p p f g g f p jwith us to customize our project over a period of time in a way that allowed us to move through the planning andinstallation stages comfortably and with confidence. We ended up with a terrific product for a fair price.

Lou DiFronzo, N. Reading, MA

"John has taken care of us since day one and doing a great job and going out of his way to take care of us.Thanx John!" Chris Dowd, Weymouth,MA

We were building a house and were looking to install a well and John was recommended to us by one of ourneighbors. I had already contacted a couple of other companies, but after meeting with John it was obvious hewas the person we could trust. He took the time to provide us with all the answers to our questions so we couldmake an intelligent decision. He coordinated the entire installation from permits to the drilling, electrical, andplumbing. It has been two years and the system has worked great!!! I cannot say enough about our experiencewith Well Water Connection and we recommend them very highly." Bob Bernard, Braintree, MA

"Great job we have been very happy!" Bob and Betty Joyce, Franklin, MA

"Three years ago I had a well drilled in my yard. The workings of the well were above ground, visible and ugly. LastFall I saw a sign for Well Water Connection on the front lawn of a house. I called and got intouch with John fromWell Water Connection to see if there was anything that could be done with my well. John took a look at my welland came up with a plan that eliminated the unsightly well top. He redesigned the well head and now it is out ofsight. John also set me up with a system that eliminates the staining of iron heavy water. Great service is whatWell Water Connection is all about. I highly recommend them." Joe Salvucci, Tewksbury, MA

"I am satisfied with all your services, sales representative, installation team and office and service staff.Mario Delvecchio, Braintree, MA


3

ServicePlansandLifetimeWarranties

A properly designed and installed Water Well System consists of several separate systemseach made up of many different components, or parts. Each part is crucial

and must work properly and in unison so that the entire systemprovides a clean, reliable and consistent source of water.

ShallowWellJetPumpSystem&TankSystem

ArtesianWellSubmersiblePumpSystem&

MechanicalConstantPressureSystem

ArtesianWellSubmersiblePumpSystem,TankSystem&WaterTreatmentSystem

ArtesianWellSubmersiblePumpSystem,VFDDriveSystem,TankSystem&WaterFiltrationSystem

THE PROBLEM:Every Water Well System is made up of parts from different manufacturers.

Even if installed by a professional, most manufacturers will only warranty their parts for up to one year from the date of installation.

The manufacturer will not cover the labor costs that it will take to fix or replace that part. This could cost hundreds or even thousands of dollars

in repairs and replacement parts if you have a problem, even within the first few years!


Well Water Connection, Inc. offersAnnual Service Plans and Lifetime Warranties

that include Parts AND Labor!

THE SOLUTION:THE SOLUTION:

4

WhatDoesYourWaterCost?


5

HowFastYourWellPaysforItself

Letssayyounowpayacombinedwaterandsewerchargeofonly1.4centsforeachgallonofwateryouuseonyourlawn(AverageCombinedAnnualWaterandSewerChargesforMWRACommunitiesin2010).Youalsohaveatypicalautomaticsprinklersystem thatrunstwiceaday onehoureachtime.Ifthesprinklersystemsprays10gallonsofwatereveryminuteitson,(or10gallonsperminute=$.14perminute)inonehouritwillspray600gallons(or10gallonsperminutex60minutes=600gallons=$8.40perhour).Ifyourunyoursprinklersystem2hoursadaythats1200gallonsor$17perday.Duringanaveragesummer,ifyouuseyoursprinklerfor90daysyouwillspray108,000gallonsofwaterontoyourlawn.At1.4centspergallonyouwillspend$1,500.00towateryourlawn.

Now,letssayyouinstalledawaterwellandhadithookeduptoyoursprinklersystem.Insteadofpaying$1,500.00peryeartowateryourlawn,youdontpayanything. Thatsright.Thegroundwaterisfree,andbecauseitwillbeusedonyourlawntherewillbenosewerchargeeither!

Thewellispayingforitself!Insteadofpayingthewaterandsewerdepartmentforwateringyourlawn,youremakingpaymentsonawellthatincreasesthevalueofyourhomeandsupplieswaterforyearstocome.

CALCULATE YOUR ANNUAL SAVINGS - EXAMPLE

Step1: CalculateyourCOSTPERGALLON. FindcurrentCombinedAnnualWaterandSewerChargeonyourlatestwaterbill.

Step2:CalculateyourTOTALWATERUSE. Seelastyearswaterbill(s)oraddupalloutsidewaterusesincludingirrigationsystem,pool,washingcars,etc.

Step3:CalculateyourANNUALSAVINGS bymultiplyingyourTotalWaterUsebyyourCostPerGallon.Thefollowingsimpleformulacanbeusedifyouhaveanautomaticsprinklersystem.Theconstant54isbasedonjust90daysofsummerwatering(60minsperhourx90daysdividedby100pennies=54).

ANNUALSAVINGS=$1,500.00

54 CostPerGallon(inpennies)

X X Flowingallonsperminute

X Usageinhoursperday

54 1.4X X 10 X 2


6

HowMuchWaterDoesMySprinkler

SystemUse?

ZONE # # HEADSPer ZONE (A)

GALLONSPer HEADPer MINUTE (B)

MINUTESPer CYCLE (C)

CYCLEPer DAY (D)

GALLONSPer DAY(AxB)x(CxD)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1313

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Total # Gallons Used Per Day (E)

WATER&SEWERCOSTINPENNIESPERGALLON? $____________(F)

ESTIMATEDDAYSPERMONTHRUNSPRINKLERSYSTEM? ____________(G)

ESTIMATEDMONTHSPERYEARRUNSPRINKLERSYSTEM ____________(H)

COSTSAVINGSPERYEAR=ExFxGxH_____________________=$________________


7

WProjectScopeofWorkItems&TimeLine

Items /TasksToDo Time Who

SiteSurvey/FeasibilityAnalysis/SystemDesign 114days WellWaterConnection, Inc.(WWC)

Generate&SubmitProposal 17days WWC

Proposal Acceptance 13days Client(C)

PlotPlan/CertifiedEngineeringPlan 121days WWC/C/SurveyororEngineer

Permit Procurement 145days WWC/C/ BoardofHealth(BOH)

PreMarkSite /Dig SafeNotification&Approval 35days WWC

GeophysicalInvestigation&DataReport 545 days WWC

TestHole SoilSampling&PreliminaryWaterTest 114days WWC

SitePreparation 13 days WWC/Landscape Contractor(LC)

WellDrilling /Installation 13days WWC

WellDevelopment&Testing 13days WWC

Hydrofracturing/Zonefracturing/PumpTesting/WaterTest 27days WWC

PreliminaryPump/FiltrationSystemDesign 1 14days WWC


DebrisRemoval/TrenchingforElectrical/Water/OffsetLine 13days WWC/LC

Installation ofPad/Pump HouseforPumpSystem 15days WWC

Pump/FiltrationSystem Installation 13days WWC

ElectricalConduitinstalledintrench 12days WWC/LC

Permitting/WiringofPumpSystem/ElectricalInspection 15days WWC/Electrician(EC)

BackfillingofElectrical/WaterTrench 12days WWC /LC

Run/TestPumpingSystem &Controls/WaterTests 114days WWC

ConnectPumpSystemToIrrigationSystem 12 days WWC/IrrigationContractor(IC)

DebrisRemoval/Cleanup/FinalLandscaping 12 days WWC /LC

FinalWaterTesting/Inspections/ ApprovalofSystemforUse 121 days WWC/EC /BOH

Notes: Variablesaffectingthedesign,scopeofworkandtimelineoftheprojectinclude:offsetdistancestopowersource(s),voltageandphaseavailable,operatingpressureoftheirrigationsystem,depthtowater,typeandnumberofwell(s)(point,gravelorbedrock/artesian)andpumpsystem(s)(shallowwell,convertibleorverticaljet,submersibleorselfprimingcentrifugal),operatingcontrols(pumpstartrelay,tank/pressureswitch,constantpressurecontrols(mechanical,VFD).Withlargercommercialwellprojects,apreliminarygeophysicalsitesurveyand/ortestwell(s)ishighlyrecommendedtodeterminesoiltype,waterlevels,depthtobedrock,etcpriortothedesignandinstallationofanywell(s).

Pleasecontactourofficetodiscussyourparticularprojectneeds.8

Well&

Pum

pSystem

BallPa

rkPrices

Dep

th&

GPM

10GPM

15GPM

20GPM

25GPM

30GPM

35GPM

40GPM

50GPM

204

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$3,000

$6

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150

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200

300

$6000$12000

$6000

$12

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$7000

$14

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$8000

$16

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$18

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$10000

$20

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POBox

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ellW

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Notes:

Variables

affectin

gthede

sign

(and

cost)

ofthe

project

will

includ

e:offsetd

istances

topow

erso

urce(s),volta

geand

phaseavailable,

ope

ratin

gpressure

ofthe

irrigatio

nsystem

,dep

thto

water,typeof

pum

psystem

(shallow

well,convertib

leorvertical

jet,

subm

ersibleor

selfprim

ingcentrifugal),

op

eratingcontrols

(pum

pstartrelay,tank/pressure

switch,

con

stantp

ressurecontrols

(mechanical,VF

D).

With

larger

commercial

wellprojects,

aprelim

inary

geop

hysicalsite

survey

and

/ortestw

ell(s)ish

ighlyrecommen

dedto

determinesoiltype

,water

levels,dep

thto

bed

rock,etcpriortothede

sign

and

installatio

nof

any

well(s).

The

figuresa

bove

represen

tthe

price

rangeforo

ne(1

)successfulw

ell(po

int,

gravelorb

edrock/artesian)

&pum

psystem

and

are

forb

udgetin

gpu

rposes

on

ly.Th

eseprices

may

not

includ

eadditio

nalcosts

that

may

bene

cessarysuch

as:

permitting,

design/en

gine

eringfees,site

prep

aration,

tren

chingand/or

backfilling,

electricalw

ork,

pum

ppads

and

/orp

umpho

usings,w

ater

treatm

entand

/orfiltratio

n,water

samplingandtesting,

drilling

deb

risrem

oval/re

land

scaping/site

restoration,

plumbing

and

/ortying

into

anexistin

girrigatio

nsystem

.

200

300

$6,000

$12,000

$6,000

$12,000

$7,000

$14,000

$8,000

$16,000

$9,000

$18,000

$10,000

$20,000

$11,000

$22,000

$12,000

$24,000

300

400

$6

,000

$12,000

$7,000

$1

4,00

0$8

,000

$1

6,00

0$9

,000

$1

8,00

0$1

0,00

0$

20,000

$11,00

0$

22,000

$12,00

0$

24,000

$13,00

0$

26,000

400

500

$7

,000

$14,000

$8,000

$1

6,00

0$9

,000

$1

8,00

0$1

0,00

0$

20,000

$11,00

0$

22,000

$12,00

0$

24,000

$13,00

0$

26,000

$14,00

0$

28,000

500

600

$8

,000

$16,000

$9,000

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0$

20,000

$11,00

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22,000

$12,00

0$

24,000

$13,00

0$

26,000

$14,00

0$

28,000

$15,00

0$

30,000

Please

con

tact

our

officeto

discuss

you

rparticularp

roject

needs.

9

BedrockArtesianvs.

ShallowWells

ShallowWellsrelyonwaterthattravelsthroughspacesinloosesandsandgravels.Becausetheyarenotverydeep,theymaybefittedwitheithersurfacemountedorsubmersiblepumpsandmotors.Installationmethodsincludedrivingawellpoint,washanddrivemethods,orbyauger.Withthistypeofwell,thedepthtothewatertableandthetypeofsoilencounteredwilldeterminehowmuchwater,ifany,canbepumpedfromtheground.

ArtesianWells aregenerallydeeperandfittedwithsubmersiblepumpsandmotors.Withthistypeofwell,adrillingrigisusedtoboreaholethroughthesoilandrocksandintosolidbedrockthatexistsbeneathyourproperty.Steelcasinganddriveshoearetheninstalledintothesurfaceofthebedrocktoprovideawatertightsealandpreventsoil,rocksanddirtywaterfromenteringtheborehole.Drillingintothebedrockresumeswithoutcasinguntiltheboreholeintersectswithfracturesthatexistnaturallyinthebedrock.Thisfactordetermineshowmuchwater,ifany,canbepumpedfromtheground.


10

HowArtesianWellsWork

Wouldwebeabletodrawupanywaterthroughthestrawfromtherocks?Obviously,therockwithnocracksinitwouldhavenowaterinit,right?Intheotherbucket,therockwiththefracturesrunningthroughitwouldcontainwater,butonlyinitscracks.Butbecausethestrawsealsoffcracksasitpassesthrougheachone,nowaterwouldbeabletoflowintothestrawfromacrack.Anywaterthatmovesthroughthesecrackswillflowaroundthestraw,notintoit.Ifwewereableforcedthestrawdowndeeperthroughthemiddletonearthebottomofthissamerock,nowatercouldbedrawnfromtherock.Thatisunlessthetipoftheinsertedendofthestrawsomehowendeduponacrackandthechancesofthat are remote So how do we get water from the rocks? The solid rock because it has no cracks will

Tounderstandhowbedrockwellswork,imagineyouhave2 5gallonbucketsand2largerocks.Ineachbucket,youplaceoneoftherocks.Onerockissolid,withnocracksorfracturesinit.Theotherrockhasseveralfracturesrunningthroughit.Eachbucketisthenfilledtothetopwithwater.Imagineifwedrilledasmallholeacoupleinchesintothetopofeachrock.Imaginewetheninsertastrawthroughthewater,intoeachbouldertothebottomofeachholewedrilled,andcreatedawatertightsealbetweentheinsideoftherockandtheoutsideofthestraw.

thatareremote.Sohowdowegetwaterfromtherocks?Thesolidrock,becauseithasnocrackswillneverallowwatertoflowfreelythroughit.Theotherrock,howeverhasplentyofcracksandthereforeallowswatertoflowthroughit.Wejustneedtogetatit.

Nowimagineifweleftthestrawinplacejustacoupleinchesinthefracturedrock.Thenwetookaslightlynarrower,butmuchlongerdrillbitandinserteditinsidethestrawdowntotherockbelow.Thenwestarteddrilling.Becausetherockishard,theholedrilledthroughitwillstayopenasthedrillbittravelsthrough.Asthedrillbiteventuallypassessmallcracksinthefracturedrock,waterwouldbegintoflowintothedrilledhole.Ifwepulledoutthedrillbitandwatched,whatwouldhappen?Wewouldseewaterflowingfromthecracksthatwereintersectedbythedrillbit.Theflowingwaterwouldbegintofillupthedrilledhole.

Thewaterlevelinthedrilledholewouldcontinuetorise,pastthebottomtipofthestrawanduptothesamelevelasthewaterinthebucket.Thisoccursbecausethewaterinthesubmergedrockisunderhydrostatic pressure.Hydrostaticpressure(psi)iscreatedbytheweightofthewaterabovethefractureandistheforcethatpushesthewaterthroughthefractureintothedrilledholeanduptothesamelevelasthewatersurroundingtherock.Anyonewhohasbeenmorethanafewfeetbelowthesurfaceofwaterhasfeltit.


11

RecoveryRateinArtesianWells

Recoveryrateisameasurementingallonsperminute(gpm)ofhowquicklythewellrefillsitselfafterbeingpumpeddownfromitsnormal(static)level.Awaytoseeitistoplaceoneendofaclearstrawintoaglassofwaterwhileholdingafingertipfirmlyontotheotherendsothatnoaircanescape.Nowpushthestrawdeeperintotheglass.Asyoudothisyoumayfeelaslightincreaseinpressureonyourfingertip.Asyoucontinuetopushthestrawdeepertothebottomoftheglass,aslongasyoukeepyourfingertipfirmlyontheotherend,thepressureagainstyourfingertipwillincreaseaswatertriestorushupthestraw,butishelddownbytheairbeingcompressedinsidethestraw.Assoonasyoutakeyourfingertipofftheendandtheairpressureisreleased,youwillseethewaterflowupthestraw.

Intuitively,weknowthatitwillstopwhenitreachesthesamelevel(staticlevel)asthewaterontheoutsideofthestraw.However,ifyouwatchedcarefully,youwillnoticethatthelevelofthewaterinthestrawdoesnotriseatthesamerate.

Youcanseethewaterrushupthestrawquicklyasyoufirstremoveyourfinger,thenslowdownasthewaterrisesinsidethestrawandapproachesthelevelofthewaterinsidetheglass.Theflowratevisiblydecreasesasthestrawfillsupwithwater.Thisisduetotheincreasingweightofthewaterinsidethestrawasitrises.Asmorewaterflowsin,theweightofthewaterinsidethestrawincreasesandispushingdownonthewaterthatsflowinginto thestraw.Thisiswhytherateofflowslowsdownasthestrawfillsupwithwater.Whenthewaterlevelinthestrawreachesthesamelevelasthewateroutsidethestraw(stateofequilibrium)thewaterstopsflowing.Thistypeofwaterflow,toaleverhigherthanitsoriginalsourceiscalledartesian.Sincetheflowofwaterfrommostbedrockwellsbehavesinpreciselythissamemanner,thetermartesianwell hasbecomesynonymouswithbedrockwells.


12

Casing,DriveShoeandGroundwater

Casingisthe6diametersteelpipethatyouveprobablyseenstickingoutofthegroundinsomefrontyards.Thecasingisnormallyconnectedtothedriveshoe. Thedriveshoehasasharp,bevelededgethatisthreadedand/orweldedontothebottomofthecasing.Thecasing,withdriveshoeattached,isusuallylowereddownbycable,throughtheopenboreholetothebedrockbelow.

Duringtheinitialdrillingprocess,ahole,largerthantheoutsidediameterofthecasing,isopenedupandextendstothebedrockbelow.Thefirst10feetorsoofthebedrockisthenusuallyboredouttocreateasockethole.Thissocketholewillfitthecasinganddriveshoe.Thecasingisthenlowereddownthroughtheloosesoil,intothebedrockbelow.Thepurposeofthecasingandthedriveshoeistoholdbacktheloosesoilsandrocksandpreventthewellfromcavingin.Italsosealsoffanygroundwater thatmayexistbetweenthesurfaceandthetopofthebedrock.Thecasinganddriveshoe,whenproperlyinstalled,willsealoutanyshallowgroundwaterthatmayexist.Thisexplainswhyabedrockorartesianwellrightnearapondmightbeseveralhundredfeetdeep.Evenwhenthegroundwaterisrighttherebelowthesurface,thecasingusedinbedrockwellssealsoffthewatersoitslikeitsnoteventhere.

20Lengthsof6diaSteelCasing DriveShoesonendofCasing


13

TheProcessandTimeLine

Artesianwellsdrawwaterfromdeepfracturesdowninthebedrock.

Unlike pointwellswhichcanbeinstalledusinglight,portableequipment,artesian(orbedrock)wellsareinstalledusinglargedrillingrigs.Oncesetup,

theserigsboreaholedowntothesolidbedrockthatexistsbeneathyourproperty.20lengthsofsteelcasingandadriveshoeareinstalledintheopenholetokeeploosesoilandrocksfromcavinginthewell.Drillingcontinuesintosolidbedrockuntilenoughwaterisfound.Ifaninsufficientflowrateof

waterismeasured,thewellmayneedtobehydrofractured.

Beforedrillingbegins,wellfirstwanttodeterminethebestlocationforthewellandplacementofanyotherrelatedcomponents

Afterthedrilling,thepumpingsystemisinstalledinsidethewell,andanyadditionalcomponentssuchasatanksystemorsedimentfilterarealsoinstalled.

An18deeptrenchmaybeneededinordertorunelectricity.

Afteritspoweredup,thecompletedsystemcanbedisguisedandanyexcessdrillingdebrisdiscardedorusedonsiteinlandscaping.

TheArtesianWellprocess(permitting,drilling,pumpinstallation,etc)cantakeseveralweeksdependingonseasonalweatherconditionsandotherfactors.


14

WholeHouseWaterSystems

MechanicalValveConstantPressureSystem(CPS)inbasementwithportforpossible

future whole house use

WholeHouseWaterSystemsarecustomdesigned,builtandinstalledbyustomeetyourparticularneeds.

WholeHouseVariableDriveConstantPressureSystemwithstainlesssteeltankcomponentsand NEMA 4 controller mounted on board

WholeHouseWellcasingandcap(wellhead)18abovegrade(Sudbury,MA)

futurewholehouseuse(NorthReading,MA)

TraditionalWholeHouseSystemwithlargestoragetankinbasement

(Hingham,MA)

WholeHouseWaterSystemsareavailableinallsizesandconfigurations.

andNEMA4controllermountedonboard(Tewksbury,MA)


15

IronRemovalFilters

TypesofIronInWater

FerrousIron Ironthatyoucantseeinwater,butyoucantasteitandsmellit.Thistypeofironisinsolutioninthewater.Althoughitcantbeseenwhilewet,whenitdriesitwillhaveastainingeffectoutsidethehomeonirrigatedlandscapesandinsideonhouseholdfixtures,likesinksandtoiletsandonlaundry.

FerricIron Ironthatyoucanseeinwater.Thismaycomeintheformofjustcloudiness,oritmaycomeinawaythatmakesthewaterhaveareddishtint.Thistypeofironisinsuspensioninwater,andcancausestucksprinklervalvesandcloggedsprinklerheads.

HowtoRemoveFerricIroninWater

MechanicalFiltration Byrunningwaterthroughasand,and/orsedimentfilter,mosttimesyoucancatchandtrapthefloatingironthatisinsuspension.Nochemicalreactiontakesplaceforremovalinthiscase.Thefilterphysicallytrapstheiron,andgetsridofitbyperiodicallybackwashingp y y p , g y p y gfiltermediaand/orreplacingthefiltercartridge.

HowtoRemoveFerrousIroninWater

1. Oxidation Oxidationistheprocessofaddingoxygentothewaterinordertotransformtheironmoleculesinthewaterfromtheferrousiron(clearwaterironthatyoucantsee)intotheferricform(theformyoucanseeinsuspension),sothatthefiltercanthenmechanicallytrapit.

2. IonExchange Thisprocesstakesanyferrousironmoleculesthatexistinsolutioninthewater,andexchangesthemwithsoftsodiumionsinawatersoftener.Thesoftenerregenerateswhensaltwaterbrineisbroughtintocontactwiththeresininthemineraltank.Theexchangeprocessisthenreversed,withtheironmolecules,releasingthemselvesoffoftheresinbeads.Thisprocessisanactualchemicalreactionthatgoesbackandforth,exchangingonewayduringnormalrunningservice,andbacktheotherwayduringregeneration.


16

SubmersiblePumpSystems

SubmersiblePumpSystemsmaybeoperatedtanklessorpressurized. Atanklesssystemutilizesapumpstartrelay,floatswitchorothercontroldevicewiredtoyourirrigationsystem,toturnonandoffyourpump.Apressurizedsystemutilizesapressurizedtankandswitchthatturnsthepumponandoffbasedonthepressureinthesystem.

36ProfessionalGradesubmersiblepumpsandmotors Pressureregulatingvalves Singleordoublejacketedelectriccable Poly,PVCorgalvanizeddroppipe Torquearrestors,cableguides,pitlessadapter Watertightandvented48wellcapsandseals Bleedback/winterizingvalvesandhosebibs Flowinducerandpumpintakesedimentscreens Optionalfive(5)yearorLifetimeWarranties AnnualServiceContracts&PreventativeMaintenancePlans

Submersiblepump&motorsizeneededtorunaverageresidentialsprinklersystemat1012gallonsperminute(gpm)&4060psiatvariouswellrecoverydepths

Well Depth 10 gpm Recovery Depth HP Pump System50 5 45 1/3 hp 1/2 hp

100 50 80 1/2 hp 3/4 hp200 100 180 3/4 hp 1 hp300 200 280 1 hp 1 1/2 hp400 300 380 1 1/2 hp 500 400 480 1 1/2 hp 2 hp

Thefinalpumpdesign(make,model,motorsize&rating)recommendedwillbebasedonmanyvariables,includingbutnotlimitedtothedepthandyieldofthewell,distancetothepowersource,

theexistingorproposedirrigationdesignandpersonalpreferencesyoumayhave.


17

SubmersiblePumpCurve


18

ConstantPressureSystems

ConstantPressureSystems(CPS)arecustomdesigned,builtandinstalledbyustomeetyourparticularneeds.Withtheuseofpressureregulatingvalvesor3phasevariablespeedmotorsanddrives,ConstantPressureSystemsprovideconsistentpressurewhilechangingflow

rates.PumpingSystemsandControlsareprotectedbyeliminatingtheon/offcyclingandotherconditionscommonwithtraditionallargetankwatersystems.ConstantPressureSystemshavetheaddedbenefitofsmallertanks,allowing

themtobeinstalledvirtuallyanywhereandeasilyhidden.

ConstantPressureSystemsareavailableinallsizesandconfigurations.


ConstantPressureSystemforsprinklersystem

mountedinsidegarage.(Wayland,MA)

ConstantPressureSystemmountedtowell,forhosestogarden,sprinklersandpool.

(Franklin,MA)

ConstantPressureSystemincludingfilterandelectricalcomponentsmountedinshed.

(Wilmington,MA)

ConstantPressureSystemonsideofhousewithelectricalcomponentsandsediment

filter.(Milton,MA)

ConstantPressureSystemsprovidebetterthantownwaterlikepressureforhomesprinklersystems,gardens,washingcars,

fillingpoolsandanyotherwaterneeds.

ConstantPressureSystemmountedinbasementofhomewithadditionalport

forfutureexpansion.(NorthReading,MA)

VariableDriveConstantPressureSystemwithstainlesssteeltank

componentsandNEMA4controller.Mountedonboard.

(Tewksbury,MA)

TanklessConstantPressureSystemforirrigationonly(withnospigots)(Sharon,MA)

ConstantPressureSystemandcontrolsmountedoutsideonpressuretreatedlumber.(Dedham,MA)

19

SitePreparation

Trimbranchesfromtreesforaccesstodrillsite

Delivery,useandremovalofplywoodforuseonsensitiveareas

Deliveryanduseofhaybalestohelpdivertorcontain

drillingmud

Becauseartesianandgravelwellinstallationsrequiretheuseoflargeheavydrillingequipment,someofthesitepreparationservicesshownbelowareimportantto

considerwhenplanningyourwaterwellinstallation.Utilizingtheseservices(whenapplicable)cansaveyoutimeandmoneyonyourcompletedwellproject.

Delivery,useandremovalofmudtracksforuseonsensitiveareas

Useoftarpstopreventmudsplatteronnewbluestonepatio

Useofequipmenttoleveloffgroundtoallowaccessandsafe

setupofdrillingrig

Removaloftreesorshrubsforaccesstodrillsite

Provideblockingtosupportweightofheavydrilling

equipment

Removaloffenceforaccesswithequipmentand/orallowforremovalofdrillingdebris


20

Hydrofracturing&Zonefracturing

Hydrofracturing andZonefracturing arespecializedandhighlyeffectiveproceduresusedtoincreasewaterproductionfromlowyieldbedrockwells.Atrainedcrewinstallsoneortwoinflatablepacker(s)downthewellthroughthesteelcasingandintothebedrockbelow.Thewellisthenpressurizedandflushedwithtremendouswaterpressure.Thisprocesscleansoutpluggedfracturesinthebedrockandusuallyresultsinasubstantial

increaseintheamountofwaterthatflowsintothewell.Uponcompletionoftheprocess,apumptest isnecessarytoflushoutthewellanddeterminethenewflowrate.

Duringhydrofracturing,asingleinflatablepackerisloweredintoanArtesianwell

(Wilmington,MA)

Apumptestisperformedafterwardstodeterminethenewflowrate

(NorthReading,MA)

Duringzonefracturingtwoinflatablepackersareused(Dover,MA)

Tankloadsofwaterneededforthehydrofracturing andzonefracturing processes

(Dover,MA)


21

CommonWaterProblems

Probable Cause General Effect Probable Remedy

Hardness(Calcium&Magnesium)

Scaleinpipesandwaterheaters;causessoapcurdonfixtures, tile,dishesandlaundry;lowsudsingcharacteristics

Removalbyionexchangesoftener.

Iron/Manganese Causesdiscoloredwater;red,brown, orangeorblackstainsonfixtures,appliancesandlaundry;darkscaleinpipesandwaterheaters.

Lowlevel(2ppm)removalbyionexchangesoftenerwhenhardnessisalsopresent;bestremovedbyoxidizingironfilter;aerationand/orchlorinationfollowedbyfiltrationinsome cases.

Iron/Manganese/Sulfur(Bacteria)

Samegeneral effectsasaboveplusslimydepositsthatforminpumps,pipes,softenersandtoilettanks.

Lowlevelremovalpossiblebyoxidizingironfilter;bestremovedbychlorinationfollowedbyfiltration.

HydrogenSulfideGas

Foul rotteneggodor;corrosiontoplumbing;tarnishessilverandstainsfixturesandlaundry;ruinsthetasteoffoodsandbeverages.

Bestremoved byaeration,scrubbingandfiltration;alsoremovedbyoxidizingfiltersorchlorinationfollowedbyfiltration.

Turbidity Suspendmatterinwater; examplesincludemud,clay, Removalbybackwashingsediment


siltandsand;canruinseats,sealsandmovingpartsinappliances.

filters;extrafinetreatmentutilizingsedimentcartridgeelements.

AcidWater(lowpH)

Corrosivewaterattackspipingandothermetals,redand/orgreenstainingoffixturesandlaundry.

Bestcorrectedbyneutralizingfiltersorsodaashfeeding.

Taste/Odor/Color(organic matter)

Makeswaterunpalatable;cancause staining. Dependingonthenatureofcontaminant,aerationfollowedbyfiltration;carbonfiltration;chlorinationfollowedbyfiltration.

Tannins/HumicAcid

Canimpartanicedteacolortowater;causeslightstaining;canaffectthetaste offoodsandbeverages.

Removalbyspecialionexchangeoroxidizingagentsandfiltration.

ColiformBacteria Cancause seriousdiseaseandintestinaldisorders. Chlorinationandfiltrationismostwidelypracticed;iodination,ozonationandultraviolettreatmentareusedtoalesserdegree.

OrganicHalides(e.g.Herbicides&Pesticides)

Cancauseseriousdiseaseand/orpoisoning. Mostarereadilyremovedbyabsorptionwithcarbonfilters;somecanalsoberemovedbyhydrolysis andoxidation.

Nitrates/Chlorides&Sulphates

Cancausehealthrelatedproblemsifquantitiesarehigh.

Removalbyspecialionexchange,deionizationprocessorreverseosmosis.

Sodium Salts Impartsan alkalineorsodatastetowater. Removalbydeionizationprocessorreverseosmosis;distillationcanbeused.

22

WaterSofteners

CausesofHardWater

Hardwaterisusuallydefinedaswaterthatcontainsahighconcentrationofcalciumandmagnesiumions.Measurementsofhardnessaregivenintermsofthecalciumcarbonateequivalent,thatisanexpressionoftheconcentrationofhardnessionsinwaterintermsoftheirequivalentvalueofcalciumcarbonate.Waterisconsideredtobehardifithasahardnessof100mg/Lormoreascalciumcarbonate.

AdvantagesofSoftWater

BathtubRings ScalinginPipes


1. Softwaterwashingmakesclothescleaner,lastlongerandfeelsofter.Hairandskinwillbelessdry,feelsmootherandhavemoreluster.Dishesandglasswarewillrinsesparklingcleanandclear.

2. Havingsoftwatersavesyoumoney.Whenyourwaterissoft,youuse1/2to2/3lesssoapandfewercleaningproducts.Yourbudgetwillautomaticallyreflectthesavings.

3. Yourplumbingwilllastlonger.Hardwatercancauseabuildupofscalefrommineraldeposits.Overtime,pipescanclog,waterflowcandiminish,andwaterpressurecanbereduced.Thisdoesnthappenwithsoftwater.Softwaterislowinmineralcontentandthereforedoesntleavestainsanddepositsinandonthepipesandfixtures.

WaterSofteningSystems

4. Yourhotwaterheaterwilllastlonger.Scaleandlimebuildupcreatedbymineralswillnottakeplaceifyourwaterissoft.Thisaddslifetoyourhotwaterheater.Also,ifyoudonthavedepositsinyourhotwaterheater,itwillcostapproximately20%lesstoheatthewaterthatyourfamilydoesuse.Attheendoftheyear,thesesavingscanreallyaddup.

5. Mostwaterusingapplianceswillremainstainandstreakfree,lastlonger.Whetheritsyourcoffeepot,yourhumidifier,oryourhottub,softwaterinhibitsabuildupofmineralsandaddslifetotheseproducts.

23

SedimentFilters

SedimentFiltersareanimportantpartofanywell.Forirrigationonlywells,theyhelpprotectthepumpand

irrigationsystem.Forwholehousewatersystems,filtershelpprotectthepump,theheatingsystemand

thehouseholdappliances.

ClearViewsedimentfilterwithManualflushvalvefor

irrigationwell(Wayland,MA)

ClearViewsedimentfilterincludingAutomaticflushvalve

forirrigationwell(Canton,MA)

PumpScreeninstalledoversubmersiblepumptolimitintakeofsedimentfromirrigationwell

(Wilmington,MA)

Submersiblepumpsandseparatorforsedimentisolationandremoval

frompumpintake(Hingham,MA)

1micronbagfilterforremovaloffinesandandsiltfrom

irrigationwell(Hopkinton,MA)

CartridgeFiltertoremovesedimentfromwellinwholehousewater

system(Stoughton,MA)


24

DisguiseYourWell

WellheadCutBelowGradeandinstalledinjumboirrigationboxwithcover

Wilmington,MA

WishingWellcustombuiltonsitefor

condominiumassociationActon,MA

ScreencustombuiltonsiteforhomeownertohideConstantPressureSystem

Concord,MA

WellheadcoveredwithArtificialRockandfinished

withlandscapingHingham,MA

5hp50gpmPumpingSysteminstalledininsulatedenclosure

Belmont,MA

Well,Tank&Electricalcomponentshiddenunder

ArtificialRockWayland,MA

Well,Pump,SedimentFilter&IronStainPreventionSystemunderArtificialRock

Braintree,MA

Four(4)PointWellSystemsenclosedininsulatedenclosures

Belmont,MA

PointWellandpumpsystemhidden

underArtificialRockTewksbury,MA

PointWellinstalledinlargeirrigationboxwithcoverN.Reading,MA


25

ArtificialRocks

Useofanartificialrockisasimpleandeffectivewaytoblendyourwaterwellsystemandotherneededcomponentsintoyourcurrentlandscape.Thisincludeswellheads,

pumpand/orpressuretanksystems,electricalcomponents,filtrationand/orironstainpreventionsystems

POBox158*Tewksbury,MA01876*Tel:9786406900*Fax:9786406901*www.WellWaterConnection.com26

TechnicalServicesPage1

ArtesianWells GravelWells PointWells GeothermalWells

BoosterPumpSystems PumpSystemDiagnostics

WaterSamplingandTesting

Zonefracturing ConstantPressureSystems

FiltrationSystems Hydrofracturing

PumpRemovalandInstallations


27

TechnicalServicesPage2

SitePrep&Preservation

Trenching TestWork DownHoleVideoInspections

PumpRepairandMaintenance

LocatingExistingWells StainRemovalServices

PumpTesting DebrisRemovalandContainment

WholeHouseWaterSystems

StainPreventionSystems

SedimentFilters


28

ExpertAdviceKeytoSuccessfullyDrilling

aWaterWell

Thetotalcostdependsonthetypeofwell(s),thesystemdesign,andofcoursetheresultsofthedrilling.Manybudgetshavebeenblownonwelldrillingprojectsbecausecarefulattentionwasnotpaidtotheseandotherissues.

Propertymanagersandcommunityassociationsknowhowimportantitistohavegoodcommunicationandcoordinationbetweencontractorsonanyproject.Withwaterwellsitisevenmorecritical.Awelldrillingprojectinvolvesawelldriller,apumpinstaller,anirrigationcontractor,alandscaper,anelectricianandaplumber.Therearealsomanyinherentunknownswithwellswhichleadtoagreaterfinancialriskandthereforeadireneedforpreciseprojectmanagement.Withoutanexperiencedprojectmanager,someonewhoknowstheprocessofwelldrillingandtheimportantstepsthatneedtobetaken,havingawellinstalledcanbeachallengingandfrustratingexperienceformany.

Manycommunityassociationsthatdrilledwellsyearsagoarestilldealingwithissuesthatwerenotproperlyaddressedwhenthewellswereinstalled.Beforethedrillingcanbegintherearemanyissuesthatneedtobediscussedandquestionsthatneedtobeasked.Forexample,theprojected(andactual)costsforacompletedwellsystemtoprovidewaterforacondominium'sirrigationneeds(includingplumbing,electricaltieinsandrelandscaping)couldvaryfromaslittleas$5,000tomorethan$50,000forthesameproject.

Whichtypeofwelldoyouneed?Therealquestionisnotwhichtypeisneeded,butratherwhichtypeisfeasiblebasedonthe geologicalconditions of the site on which the well is to be installed There are two types of wells Shallow wells (dug well gravel well point well)

Therearemanyinherentunknownswithwellsthatleadtoagreaterfinancialriskandthereforeadireneedforpreciseprojectmanagement

conditionsofthesiteonwhichthewellistobeinstalled.Therearetwotypesofwells.Shallowwells,(dugwell,gravel well,pointwell),extractgroundwaterfromcoarsesandsandgravellayersjustbelowthegroundsurface.Artesianwells,(bedrockwells,drilledwells),extractgroundwaterfromnaturallyoccurringfracturesinthebedrockthatexisthundredsoffeetbelowthegroundsurface.

UndertherightconditionsashallowwellmayproducebetterresultswithmuchlessinitialcostanddownsideriskthananartesianwellUnfortunately,themajorityofwelldrillingcontractorsdonotinstallthistypeofwellandtheyareoftenoverlooked.Avisualsiteinspectionbyatrainedeyeorsomesoiltestingmaybeallittakestodetermineifashallowwellisfeasible.Ifashallowwellisruledout,anartesianwellmaythenbeconsidered.Artesianwellsaregenerallyfeasibleprovidingthedrillrigcansafelyaccesstheproperty.

Itisduringthedesignphasethatmanyimportantquestionsneedtobeasked.Itisalsowherecommunicationwiththeirrigationcontractor/designerisabsolutelyessential.Answerstothefollowingquestionsandmorewillbethebasisofthepreliminarydesignofthewellandpumpsystem,andthebasisfortheestimatesfromthevariouscontractors.Later,afterthedrillingbegins,otherissueswillmakeitnecessarytoreviewandpossiblyalterthedesign.Alsonotethatachangerequiredbyonecontractormayhavearippleeffectandcauseunexpectedchangeselsewhereintheprojectsdesignandultimatecost.Thisneedstobeconsideredbeforemakinganyfinaldecisions.

Questionsinclude,butarenotlimitedto,whatisthepressureandgallonsperminuteonthecurrentsystem?Ifthereisno irrigationsystem,isoneplanned?Howmuchwaterisneededperday?Howmuchperweek?Howmanyhoursperdayareavailableforwatering?Willatankbepartofthedesign?Willatankserveitsintendedpurposewithoutcompromisingthelifeofthepump.Willitrequirewinterizing?Whatisthewarrantyonthepumpsystem?Willtherebeanyotherusesforthewell?Isthereapool?Willthere bespigotsforassociationmembersforwashingcars,etc?Isthereanypossibilityoffutureexpansionofirrigationsystem?Whowillhandlethepermitting,watertesting,andanyfiltrationthatmayberequired?Shouldtheaddedcostofafiltrationsystemneedtobeconsidered?Whatmeasurescanbetakenduringthedesignandinstallationofthewelltominimizetheneedforone?Whataretheelectricalrequirements?Whatplumbingisneeded?Howmuchmesscanbeexpectedfromthedrillingprocessandhowcanitbemanaged?

Goodprojectplanning,communicationandmanagementcansavecommunityassociations,propertymanagersandcontractorsvaluabletime,frustrationandusuallyalotofmoneyovertheentireproject.Itwilluncoverpotentialproblemsthataremucheasiertoaddressbeforetheworkbegins.Aneffectiveprojectmanagershouldworkdirectlywiththepropertymanagersandcontractorstostreamlinetheprocess,assurethateachcontractorisgettingtheinformationthathe/sheneedsandassuretheyaredoingthebestfortheassociation.Thispersoncanaddressimportantissues,bringclaritytothewholemysterysurroundingwellsandbestusethewaterthatisavailable.Thiswillhelpthewholeprocessrunmuchsmootherwithfewerunexpectedproblemsandwillenablecommunityassociationstotakefulladvantageofthebenefitsofwaterwells.


29

WaterWellDesign

Afullservice,projectmanagementfirm

providingcustomdesignedirrigationwells,pumps,filtrationsystemsand

relatedservices

9786406900www.WellWaterConnection.com

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LocalReferencesAvailableFreeEstimatesFriendly,HelpfulStaff

PumpRepairService StainRemoval&Filtration PumpDesign&Installation ProjectManagement Evaluations/Troubleshooting

Theremovalandreuseofpagesofthisworkisstrictlyprohibited.

POBox158,Tewksbury,MA01876

Documents

Whole House Water System Planning Guide 2012