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Wildlife
Wildlife
• Best viewing is early morning/late evening at large open areas and balds such as cades cove/cataloochee.
Review Biology-6 Kingdoms/Diversity
• 1) Eubacteria, Archaebacteria
• 3) Fungi
• 4) Protista
• 5) Plantae
• 6) Animalia-Invertebrates and
• Vertebrates
fish,amphibians,mammals,birds,reptiles-5 types of vertebrates
• A) 65* Mammals-most common are deer, squirrel, chipmunk, woodchuck, raccoon, opossum, fox, skunk, bat, cottontail, mouse, rat, shrew, mole. Reclusive ones are coyote, bobcat, Black bear, beaver, weasel, mink, cougar
Mammals
• Extirpated-no longer here-Bison, gray wolf, elk*, red wolf*, fisher (otter*) *reintroduced
• Exotic-European Wild Boar
Elk, Deer, Black Bear, Coyote, Bobcat
Cougar, Bison, Gray wolf, Red fox, Gray fox
Beaver, Opossum, cottontail, skunk, otter
Boar, bat, raccoon, woodchuck, gray, squirrel
Chipmunk, rat, mouse, mole
39 species of reptiles
• Snakes-2 venomous- northern Copperhead common below 3,000ft
• Timber Rattler up to 6,000ft. Pit vipers (hemotoxin)
Copperhead
Timber rattler
Common snakes
• Black rat, garter, common water snake
Turtles
• Most common-eastern box turtle, common snapping turtle.
• Lizards-skinks (especially 5 lined)
Box turtle, skink, horned, green anole
Amphibians
• 27 species of newt/salamander
• Jordan’s salamander only found in GSMNP
• Hellbender over 5ft
Jordan’s, eastern spotted
Hellbender
Toads and frogs
• 13 species-ex. Eastern spadefoot, American bullfrog, S. leopard frog
Leopard, bullfrog
Birds Vireo.acnatsci.org
• 230 species, 110 breed in the park (others seasonal)
• Viewing times (early morning) places- sugarlands, cades cove, oconaluftee
Common birds
• Red eye vireo, juncos, Y. throated vireo, blue headed vireo, blue jay, crow, barn swallow, Carolina chickadee, tufted titmouse, nuthatch, Carolina wren, winter wren, kinglet, dove, chimney swift, cardinal.
Red eye and Y. throated vireo
Common birds
• Flycatcher, phoebe, gnatcatcher, thrushes, starling (exotic), warbler, tanager, towhee, sparrow (exotic), indigo buntings, E. bluebird, larks, red-w blackbirds, wild turkeys.
Titmouse, chickadee, warbler, tanager, bunting, pewee,
(flycatcher)
B. Throated vireo, gnatcatcher
Bird Classification
• By feet: 1) Perching, grasping, holding-songbirds, woodpeckers.
• 2) Predators, Killing, Talon-Eagle, hawk, kestrel. 3) Scratching, running-turkey, chicken. 4) Wading-heron, egret, stork. 5) Swimming, paddle, webbed-duck, goose.
Classification
• Bills and beaks can also be used to classify birds.
Seasonal and specialty birds
• Summer e. kingbirds, barn swallows, Y. warblers, indigo buntings
• Autumn-golden eagles, pileated woodpecker
• Night-barred owl.
W. turkey, barred owl, P. woodpecker, kestrel, catbird, B.
heron