William Shakespeare

famous English writer

William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare (1564-1616)(1564-1616)

Shakespeare is the Shakespeare is the greatest of all playwrights greatest of all playwrights and poets of all times. The and poets of all times. The last half of the 16last half of the 16thth and the and the beginning of the 17beginning of the 17thth centuries are known as centuries are known as the golden age of English the golden age of English literature. Sometimes it is literature. Sometimes it is called “the age of called “the age of Shakespeare”.Shakespeare”.

(Video 1 Shakespeare's (Video 1 Shakespeare's biography)biography)

William Shakespeare was born in 1564, in Stratford-on-Avon. His actual date of birth remains unknown, but is traditionally observed on 23 April, Saint George's Day. At the age of 6 he was sent to

school, but had to leave it at the age of 13 and never went to school again. His father who couldn’t even write was a glove-maker. William helped him in his

trade. His mother, Mary Arden, was a farmer's daughter. At the age of 18, he married Anne

Hatheway, who was 8 years older than her husband and their marriage wasn’t happy. They had 3

children.

William Shakespeare's birthplace

When he was 21 he went to London. There he When he was 21 he went to London. There he became an actor and began to write plays too. He became an actor and began to write plays too. He

worked in the modern theatre “Globe”. 14 years later worked in the modern theatre “Globe”. 14 years later he became a part owner of the Globe theatre in he became a part owner of the Globe theatre in

London.London.

The Globe Theatre

The original Globe was opened The original Globe was opened in 1599, burned down in 1613 in 1599, burned down in 1613 and immediately rebuilt. It was and immediately rebuilt. It was a round building with the stage a round building with the stage in the centre, open to the sky. If in the centre, open to the sky. If it was raining, the actors got it was raining, the actors got wet; if the weather was too bad, wet; if the weather was too bad, there was no performance at there was no performance at all. It was closed in 1642.all. It was closed in 1642.

In 1997 after almost 400years In 1997 after almost 400years Shakespeare’s Globe was Shakespeare’s Globe was opened again for public. Every opened again for public. Every summer it offers now summer it offers now performance of plays by performance of plays by Shakespeare. Shakespeare.

True or false?

1. 1. W.Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564 and he W.Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564 and he died also this date, 1616died also this date, 1616

2. His father, John Shakespeare, couldn’t write.2. His father, John Shakespeare, couldn’t write.

3. His mother was a daughter of the farmer.3. His mother was a daughter of the farmer.

4. W.Shakespeare married when he was 18 years old.4. W.Shakespeare married when he was 18 years old.

5. W.Shakespeare had 2 children.5. W.Shakespeare had 2 children.

6. In the 166. In the 16thth century there were many theatres in Britain. century there were many theatres in Britain.

7. Nowadays Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre is opened all 7. Nowadays Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre is opened all year round.year round.

Shakespeare’s experience as an Shakespeare’s experience as an actor helped him greatly in the actor helped him greatly in the writing of his plays. His writing of his plays. His knowledge of stage and his knowledge of stage and his poetical genius made his plays poetical genius made his plays the most wonderful ones ever the most wonderful ones ever written.written.

Shakespeare wrote:Shakespeare wrote:

37 plays; 37 plays;

17 comedies, 17 comedies,

10 historical plays 10 historical plays

7 books of poems.7 books of poems.

2 long poems and 154 2 long poems and 154 sonnets. sonnets.

Most of Shakespeare’s Most of Shakespeare’s plays were not published in his plays were not published in his lifetime. So some of them may lifetime. So some of them may have been lost in the fire when have been lost in the fire when the “Globe” burned down in the “Globe” burned down in 1613.1613.

It is interesting to note that almost all plotsIt is interesting to note that almost all plots of Shakespeare’s plays were not original. of Shakespeare’s plays were not original.

He took them from the works of other authors. He took them from the works of other authors. At that time the audience was rather ignorant At that time the audience was rather ignorant

and the playwrights tried to attract it toand the playwrights tried to attract it to the world literature through their plays. Shakespeare the world literature through their plays. Shakespeare took his plots from history, old legends, novels and took his plots from history, old legends, novels and

poems; he also used Plutarch’s “ Historical Portraits”. poems; he also used Plutarch’s “ Historical Portraits”. The plot of “ Othello” and “ Twelfth Night” was taken from The plot of “ Othello” and “ Twelfth Night” was taken from Italian novels and those of “ Hamlet” and “ King Lear” - Italian novels and those of “ Hamlet” and “ King Lear” -

from early English authors. But every borrowed plot from early English authors. But every borrowed plot began to live a new life in his plays.began to live a new life in his plays.

Shakespeare also wrote 2 long poems and 154 Shakespeare also wrote 2 long poems and 154 sonnets. They show his extraordinary powers of sonnets. They show his extraordinary powers of

expression and his depth of emotional understanding. expression and his depth of emotional understanding.

Tragedies: Comadies:

'The Comedy of Errors', 'Hamlet', 'Prince of Denmark','The Comedy of Errors', 'Hamlet', 'Prince of Denmark','Othello', 'All's well that ends well', 'King Lear', 'Rome 'Othello', 'All's well that ends well', 'King Lear', 'Rome and Juliet', 'Julies Caesar', 'Much Ado about Nothing', and Juliet', 'Julies Caesar', 'Much Ado about Nothing',

'Twelfth Night', 'Macbeth''Twelfth Night', 'Macbeth'

Romeo and JulietRomeo and Juliet PPlaylay “Romeo and Juliet” “Romeo and Juliet” by William Shakespeare by William Shakespeare was was performed performed

about about 1594-95 and first published in 1597.1594-95 and first published in 1597. It is the first of It is the first of Shakespeare's great tragedies. "The plot of this story is known Shakespeare's great tragedies. "The plot of this story is known throughout the world. Romeo and Juliet" is a wonderful love story throughout the world. Romeo and Juliet" is a wonderful love story about two lovers, Romeo and Juliet. But their families are about two lovers, Romeo and Juliet. But their families are enemies, and death appears to be the only way out of their enemies, and death appears to be the only way out of their hopeless situation. They died, but they didn’t stop loving each hopeless situation. They died, but they didn’t stop loving each other. other. They stayed young forever. They stayed young forever. The tragedy is deeply sad and The tragedy is deeply sad and moving.moving.

Balley: S.S.Prokofiev “Romeo and Luliet”, 1935-1936.Balley: S.S.Prokofiev “Romeo and Luliet”, 1935-1936. The first performance was at the Mariinsky Theatre in The first performance was at the Mariinsky Theatre in

St.Petersburg.St.Petersburg.

Video 2

In 1996 In 1996 “ “ 20th Century Fox20th Century Fox”” producedproduced a new film: a new film: ““Romeo & JulietRomeo & Juliet”.”.

Film director: Baz Luhrmann.Film director: Baz Luhrmann.DramaDrama

Actors: Actors: Claire DanesClaire Danes, Leonardo DiCaprio (Video 3), Leonardo DiCaprio (Video 3)

Sayings And QuotationsSayings And Quotations““Something is rotten in the state of Something is rotten in the state of Denmark” Denmark”

““Cowards die many times before Cowards die many times before

their death”their death”

““The whirling of time” The whirling of time”

““Love is blind” Love is blind”

“ “Life is not all cakes and ale”Life is not all cakes and ale”

““Brevity is the soul of wit” Brevity is the soul of wit”

“ “All is well that ends well.” All is well that ends well.”

“ “ Sweets to the sweet” Sweets to the sweet”

“ “To be or not to be”To be or not to be”

““The beginning of the end.” The beginning of the end.”

““Не все в порядке в Датском Не все в порядке в Датском королевстве”королевстве”

““Быть или не быть”Быть или не быть”

““Прекрасное – прекрасной”Прекрасное – прекрасной”

“ “ Жизнь прожить - не поле перейти”Жизнь прожить - не поле перейти”

““Любовь слепа”Любовь слепа”

“ “Начало конца”Начало конца”

““Все хорошо, что хорошо кончается”Все хорошо, что хорошо кончается”

““Краткость - сестра таланта”Краткость - сестра таланта”

“ “Много шума из ничего”Много шума из ничего”

““Много шума из ничего”Много шума из ничего”

““Превратности судьбы”Превратности судьбы”

Трус умирает много раз до смерти”Трус умирает много раз до смерти”

Shakespearean Idioms. Shakespearean Idioms. What about the definition?What about the definition?

ФразеологизмФразеологизм - - устойчивое сочетание устойчивое сочетание слов, которое слов, которое характеризуется характеризуется постоянным лексическим постоянным лексическим составом, составом, грамматическим грамматическим строением и известным строением и известным носителям данного языка носителям данного языка значением (в значением (в большинстве случаев – большинстве случаев – переносно-образным), не переносно-образным), не выводимым из значения выводимым из значения составляющих его составляющих его компонентов.компонентов.

An idiomAn idiom is a set is a set expression, the expression, the meaning of which is meaning of which is different from the different from the literal meanings of its literal meanings of its components. Idioms components. Idioms present a great variety present a great variety of structures and of structures and combinations that are combinations that are mostly unchangeable mostly unchangeable and often not logical and often not logical and may not follow and may not follow basic rules of grammar.basic rules of grammar.

Shakespearean Idioms Shakespearean Idioms Match each idiom to the correct sentence!Match each idiom to the correct sentence!

cold comfort cold comfort = = a small piece of good news which doesn't make much difference to a small piece of good news which doesn't make much difference to a bad situation.a bad situation.

one fell swoopone fell swoop = something happens suddenly and quickly, or event with many = something happens suddenly and quickly, or event with many results, “all at once” results, “all at once”

green-eyed monstergreen-eyed monster = jealousy = jealousy

night owl night owl = a person who stays up and is active late into the night .= a person who stays up and is active late into the night .

mum's the wordmum's the word = keep this a secret; don't tell anybody = keep this a secret; don't tell anybody

1. My Mum's really cross with me because I broke the vase. I think it's best if I ___________ for a little while!

2. Gemmy is a ___________________! She's jealous of everyone!

3. I've been a real ___________ since I started university. It's normal for me to stay awake until 3 in the morning.

4. Unfortunately earthquake, tsunami and nuclear reactor damage hit the contry in ___________. They have many problems to cope with now.

5. She knows there are others worse off than her, but that's _________.

““Good friend, for Jesus’ sake, forbearGood friend, for Jesus’ sake, forbearTo dig the dust enclosed here;To dig the dust enclosed here;Blessed be he that spares these stones,Blessed be he that spares these stones,And cursed be he that moves my bones”.And cursed be he that moves my bones”.

Shakespeare spent most of his career in London as an actor, Shakespeare spent most of his career in London as an actor, playwriter and manager of the Globe Theatre. In 1611 he came playwriter and manager of the Globe Theatre. In 1611 he came back to Stratford and spent there the last years of his life, back to Stratford and spent there the last years of his life, there he died, on the same date as his birthday, the 23rd of there he died, on the same date as his birthday, the 23rd of April 1616. He was buried in April 1616. He was buried in Holy Trinity ChurchHoly Trinity Church of Stratford. of Stratford. His tomb has four lines that are said to have been written by His tomb has four lines that are said to have been written by him:him:

Sonnet VIIISonnet VIII Music to hear, why hear'st thou music sadly?Music to hear, why hear'st thou music sadly?

Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy:Sweets with sweets war not, joy delights in joy:Why lov'st thou that which thou receiv'st not gladly,Why lov'st thou that which thou receiv'st not gladly,Or else receiv'st with pleasure thine annoy?Or else receiv'st with pleasure thine annoy?

If the true concord of well-tuned sounds,If the true concord of well-tuned sounds,By unions married, do offend thine ear,By unions married, do offend thine ear,They do but sweetly chide thee, who confoundsThey do but sweetly chide thee, who confoundsIn singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.In singleness the parts that thou shouldst bear.

Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,Mark how one string, sweet husband to another,Strikes each in each by mutual ordering;Strikes each in each by mutual ordering;Resembling sire and child and happy mother,Resembling sire and child and happy mother,Who, all in one, one pleasing note do sing:Who, all in one, one pleasing note do sing:

Whose speechless song being many, seeming one,Whose speechless song being many, seeming one,Sings this to thee: 'Thou single wilt prove none.'Sings this to thee: 'Thou single wilt prove none.'

Ты - музыка, но звукам музыкальнымТы - музыка, но звукам музыкальнымТы внемлешь с непонятною тоской.Ты внемлешь с непонятною тоской.

Зачем же любишь то, что так печально,Зачем же любишь то, что так печально,Встречаешь муку радостью такой?Встречаешь муку радостью такой?

Где тайная причина этой муки?Где тайная причина этой муки?Не потому ли грустью ты объят,Не потому ли грустью ты объят,

Что стройно согласованные звукиЧто стройно согласованные звукиУпреком одиночеству звучат?Упреком одиночеству звучат?

Прислушайся, как дружественно струныПрислушайся, как дружественно струныВступают в строй и голос подают, -Вступают в строй и голос подают, -Как будто мать, отец и отрок юныйКак будто мать, отец и отрок юный

В счастливом единении поют.В счастливом единении поют.

Нам говорит согласье струн в концерте,Нам говорит согласье струн в концерте,Что одинокий путь подобен смерти.Что одинокий путь подобен смерти.

(Перевод С.Маршака)(Перевод С.Маршака)

Sonnet XC Sonnet XC

Then hate me when thou wilt, if ever, nowThen hate me when thou wilt, if ever, now

Now while the world is bent my deeds to cross,Now while the world is bent my deeds to cross,

Join with the spite of Fortune, make me bow,Join with the spite of Fortune, make me bow,

And do not drop in for an after-loss.And do not drop in for an after-loss.

Ah do not, when my heart has scaped this sorrow,Ah do not, when my heart has scaped this sorrow,

Come in the rearward of a conquered woe;Come in the rearward of a conquered woe;

Give not a windy night a rainy morrow,Give not a windy night a rainy morrow,

To linger out a purposed overthrow.To linger out a purposed overthrow.

If thou wilt leave me*, do not leave me last,If thou wilt leave me*, do not leave me last,

When other petty griefs have done their spite,When other petty griefs have done their spite,

But in the onset come; so shall I tasteBut in the onset come; so shall I taste

At first the very worst of Fortune's might;At first the very worst of Fortune's might;

And other strains of woe, which now seem woe,And other strains of woe, which now seem woe,

Compared with loss of thee, will not seem so.Compared with loss of thee, will not seem so.

Listen to the recording!

Alla Pugachyova sings Sonnet XCAlla Pugachyova sings Sonnet XC

””He was not of an age, but for all time.”He was not of an age, but for all time.” ( Ben Jonson - English poet)( Ben Jonson - English poet)

Список, использованных ресурсов:Список, использованных ресурсов:

http://festival.1september.ru/articles/subjects/10

http://www.stratford.ru/sonets.html

http://engshop.ru

Нестандартные уроки английского языка, 9 класс / сост. Ефанова З.А. -Корифей, 2006