Wired for Wireless with Twisted Pair Cabling

Bree Murphy, RCDD Applications Engineer

Oberon, Inc.

Effective ______________, BICSI recognizes Wired for Wireless Part 1 training for the following BICSI Continuing Education Credits (CECs).

RCDD RITP ESS NTS OSP WD Installer 2 Cu/Fiber

Technician Cert. Trainer

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

“Note: Recognition of BICSI CECs does not mean that BICSI endorses, accredits, approves, or sanctions a course in any way. CECs are assigned based upon represented course content only and are not the result of an in-depth evaluation of instructional quality.”

Agenda Part I Growth in the Mobile Data and WiFi Market TSB-162-A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points Planning the Wired Infrastructure for Wireless LAN

The BIG 6 concerns to consider! Part II Special Considerations for Different Verticals:

Hospitals Public Venues Schools Stadiums

Wired for Wireless

Global Mobile Traffic

• Grew 74% in 2015

• Will increase nearly eightfold by 2020.

• Per (CAGR) mobile data traffic will grow 53 percent each year for the next 4 years, reaching 30.6 Exabyte's per month by 2020.

• By 2020 there will be 11.6 billion mobile-connected devices, including M2M modules—exceeding the world’s projected population at that time (7.8 billion). Interesting?

Cisco VNI 2019 Forecast

Wired for Wireless

Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2016

IP Traffic by Access Technology

Wired for Wireless

Global Mobile Growth by Device type

Figures in parentheses refer to 2015, 2020 device share. Dominating traffic?

Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2016

Wired for Wireless Fundamentals:

TIA-TSB-162-A

Cabling Guidelines

for Wireless Access Points

TSB-162-A –Guidelines for Wireless Telecommunications Systems Bulletin TSB162-A Telecommunications Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points (APs) Provides guidelines - Topology - Design - Installation - Testing of cabling infrastructure All to support the WLAN

TSB-162-A Guidelines for Wireless “TSB-162-A states” that cabling (for wireless access points) should be installed and performance tested per existing 568-C.2 standards. “Determination of exact cell size and placement of the wireless access point (WAP) is outside the scope of the TSB (perform a site survey or simulation).”

TSB-162-A Pre-Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points

r=13m (42 ft)

Hmax=80 m (262 ft)

Patch=6m (20 ft)

TO

AP

TR

EQUIPMENT (switch)

Lmax=13 m (42 ft)

3,600 sq.ft. square cell

5,540 sq.ft. circular cell

TO

TO

TO

TO

X=18.3 m (60 ft)

Meeting room

Equipment in the Telecom Room

TSB-162-A Pre-Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points

TSB-162-A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points • Accepts an in-the-grid ceiling mount, with antenna un-obstructed by ceiling tiles • Accepts wall mount above or below suspended ceiling. • Recommends a TE in the ceiling panel for locked security. • Local power or PoE acceptable (end span or mid span) • Horizontal should be terminated at E.O., then patch to AP

• Provide at least one Cat 6A cable to each AP location.

TSB-162-A Cabling Guidelines for Wireless Access Points Continued… •Consider maintenance and security of the APs.

• The use of an enclosure is recommended in areas where physical security is a concern. - Metal housing or non metallic housing, lockable - Hinged door for easy removal during upgrades - Low visual profile for aesthetics - Should provide knockouts for cable installation - Suitable brackets for wall or ceiling

Planning the Wired Infrastructure

for Wireless LAN

Wired for Wireless

Challenge Statement: Provide a wired infrastructure for a wireless LAN which will last for at least 15 years. Here are the BIG 6!

Wired for Wireless Challenge Statement: provide a wired infrastructure for a wireless LAN which will last for 15 years. Here are the BIG 6! 1) The access points will be physically swapped out every 3-5 years 2) The access point’s throughput will increase by a factor of 10X every 5 years 3) The access point’s power requirement, supplied by Power over Ethernet (PoE), will increase 4) The access point (AP) density will increase, requiring additional cabling to new AP locations 5) The wireless LAN will provide additional services in the future which are not clearly defined at this moment, including VoWiFi, location based services, telemetry and others. 6) Network PHY and MAC standards evolving

Wired for Wireless

1) Why are access points going to be physically replaced every 3-5 years? Emerging wireless (IEEE 802.11__ __) standards

Improvements in signal processing technology (I.E MU-MIMO versus SU-MIMO- see next slide)

Improvements in throughput due to added unlicensed spectrum

Emerging capabilities and features in the access point

Single-User Multiple Input-Multiple Output (SU-MIMO) - 3 Spatial Streams (3SS) serve only 1 client at a time Multi-User Multiple Input-Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) User - 3 Spatial Streams (3SS) serve three 1 SS clients at a time

Cisco will ride the 802.11ac Wave2, Bill Rubino, Cisco Mobility blog

Wired for Wireless SU-MIMO vs MU-MIMO

1 Continued…

Wired for Wireless FCC Band allocations 5-6 GHz

IEEE 802.11ac (both Wave 1 and Wave 2) provides:

Over 500 MHz of bandwidth in the 5 GHz band - Choices Twenty-five 20 MHz channels Twelve 40 MHz channels Six 80 MHz channels Two 160 MHz channels (Wave 2 only)

FCC may make an additional 250 MHz of bandwidth in the future!

Courtesy of Peter Lane, Aruba Networks- Atmosphere 2015

1 Continued…

Wave 1 products have been in use in the market for about 2.5 years. Wave 2 builds upon Wave 1 with some very significant enhancements: ● Supports speeds to 2.34 Gbps (up from 1.3 Gbps) in the 5 GHz band ● Supports multiuser multiple input, multiple output (MU-MIMO) ● Offers the option of using 160-MHz-wide channels for greater performance ● Offers the option of using a fourth spatial stream for greater performance ● Can run in additional 5-GHz bands around the world

Wired for Wireless 1 Continued…

What’s the functional difference between 802.11ac Wave 1 and Wave 2?

Wired for Wireless IEEE 802.11ac

What cable category is required to support the following?

• IEEE 802.11ac (both Wave 1 and Wave 2) • IEEE 802.11a(x) • Other technologies

1 Continued…

Wired for Wireless Access Point Throughput

2) The access point’s throughput will increase by a factor of 10X every 7.5 years, based on history

1

10

100

1000

10000

802.11 1995 802.11b2000

802.11a2005

802.11n2010

802.11acWave 1

802.11acWave 2

802.11ax

1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Dat

a R

ate

(Mb/

s)

Technology and Year

PHY datarate

TCPThroughput

Wireless LANs - PoE's Killer App Power over Ethernet

3) WAP power is most often supplied by Power over Ethernet PoE is on the increase PoE IEEE 802.3af (802.3at Type 1) 2 Pairs 12.95W Exists today PoE+ IEEE 802.3at Type 2 2 pairs 25.5W Exists today PoE++ Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 3 4 pairs 49W 2016 Proposed IEEE 802.3bt Type 4 4 pairs 96W 2016 Non PoE standards based Cisco UPOE 4 pairs 60W exists today HDBaseT (www.hdbaset.org) 4 pairs 96W exists today

Wired for Wireless Access Point Density

4) The access point density will increase, requiring additional cabling to new AP locations in the future “High density” Wi-Fi design is capacity-oriented, NOT coverage oriented AP density in many hotels and residence halls is 1 AP for each room (Best practice) Continued….

Wired for Wireless Access Point Density

Per TIA 4966 Standard for Educational Facilities Use 1 AP for every 25 occupants of classroom or auditorium

4 Continued…

Wired for Wireless Access Point Density

How Will the access point be mounted to ensure optimum performance? Cabling and mounting the AP:

- Suspended ceiling - Plenum - Open ceiling - Hard ceiling - On the wall - In high density environment such as an auditorium or stadium outdoors

4 Continued…

Wired for Wireless Additional WiFi services

5) The wireless LAN will provide additional services in the future, which are not all clearly defined at this moment VoWiFi – Already in force Location based services- higher AP density, 1>2,000sq ft Telemetry Blue tooth low energy (BLE)

Cellular and small cell coverage (off loading)

How will this impact the cabling and installation?

Figures in parentheses refer to 2015, 2020 minutes of use share. Note: VoLTE and VoIP are mobile-specific; VoWiFi could be from any Wi-Fi connection. Circuit-switched mobile voice is excluded from the mix. Source: Cisco VNI Mobile, 2016

Wired for Wireless Additional WiFi services

Mobile Voice, Minutes of Use by Technology 5 Continued…

Wired for Wireless Standards Evolving

6) Network PHY and MAC standards evolving

1 Gb/s (CAT5e) and 10 Gb/s (CAT6A) standards

Link aggregation – more bandwidth, back up capabilities NBase-T- Industry effort to create 2.5 Gb/s and 5 Gb/s Ethernet over existing (CAT5e or CAT6) cable plant (802.3bz task force)

- Life of cable plant may be extended by new NBase-T standards

WiFi Applications

Special considerations for different verticals

- Hospitals

- Schools

- Hotspots

- Large public venues and stadiums

Part 2

WiFi in Hospitals

• TIA 1179 – Healthcare Infrastructure Standard

• Hospitals have policies and procedures to mitigate Airborne Infectious Disease. ICRA procedure simplification (don’t lift ceiling tiles)

HIPPA Compliance (secure the endpoints)

National Electric Code compliance (Plenum rated) • BICSI 004 Supplemental Information- Guide to Medical Grade Wireless Utility

Gap in the ceiling Gap in the ceiling

Problem - Airborne Infectious Disease moves through plenum space to patient area through these gaps

Gap in the ceiling Gap in the ceiling

Wired for Wireless WiFi in Hospitals

Access Points mounted in ceiling enclosures permit : APs to be installed without poking holes in ceiling tiles Access to the access point without lifting ceiling tile

Helps simplify ICRA protocols, and they are plenum rated

WiFi in Schools

• 45% of school districts lack sufficient Wi-Fi capacity to move to one-to-one student-to-device deployments which is increasingly necessary to achieve modern digital learning objectives.

• In 2015, the FCC rebooted E-rate funding for robust Wi-Fi networks inside libraries and schools capable of supporting individualized learning

• Increasing the certainty and predictability of funding for Wi-Fi by expanding the five-year budget approach to providing more equitable support for internal connections – known as category two – through funding year 2019

Wired for Wireless WiFi in Schools

Access Points can be recessed into the ceiling with recessed mounting kits to provide a secure, aesthetic, and professional installation.

WiFi Hotspots

• Globally, total public WiFi hotspots (including homespots) will grow sevenfold from 2015 to 2020, from 64.2 million in 2015 to 432.5 million by 2020

• Hotspots are installed to offer: – Public WiFi at private homes and offices – Cafés and restaurants, retail chains, hotels, – Airports, transportation stations, public venues, office buildings,

commercial spaces, etc. for customers and guests

• These installations must meet the physical security, access control, and aesthetics required for various venues

Physically protect the WAP and antenna

Wired for Wireless Hotspots

Mount access points in the preferred horizontal orientation - whether in the ceiling or on the wall - rather than flat on the wall. All leading AP manufacturers recommend this.

Wired for Wireless Hotspots

• Plan for high density WAP installations. A professional installation will provide the physical security, code compliance,

and aesthetics mandated by the environment

Wired for Wireless Recommendations

WiFi in Large Public Venues and Stadiums • Anticipate new or re-designed WiFi infrastructure in all such facilities over the next few years

• WiFi designs in such venues are extraordinarily challenging

• Special Considerations for • Access Point mounting and protection • Access Point Density • Cabling • Environmental protection

Wired for Wireless

• Access points and directive antennas may be mounted on the wall to provide zones of coverage

Wired for Wireless Large Public Venues

And finally, Access points may be mounted beneath the seats to create smaller cells of coverage

Wired for Wireless Stadiums

Wired for Wireless

Wired for Wireless Course Timing/Length of Course - Total 60 Minutes

Welcome/Review BICSI CECS for the course 30 seconds Oberon Experts (slide 3) 30 seconds Agenda Review (4) 1 minute Course material (5-43) See below - Forecast (5-7) 5 minutes - TSB-162 (8-14) 16 minutes - Planning for (15-30) 19 minutes Wireless LAN - Special Considerations (31-43) 15 minutes Enclosure finder (44) 1 minute Conclusion/Q&A 2 minutes