Wireless Networks Evolution From 1g to 4g

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WIRELESS

NETWORKS:EVOLUTION FROM 1G TO

4GBy

Mr. Sanjay N MakwanaExam No. 5010

Under the guidance ofProf. K.R.Parmar


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OUTLINE

1. Cellular System Concept 2. First Generation Analog Wireless Cellular System 3. 2G Digital Wireless System 4. 2.5G Wireless Mobile Technology

5. Third Generation System 6. ITU IMT-2000 Family of 3G 7. UTRA FDD 8. UTRA TDD

9. CDMA-2000-MC 10. UWC-136 11. UMTS Architecture 12. Core Issues 13. 4G Wireless Technology 14. Conclusion


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CELLULAR SYSTEM CONCEPT


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First Generation Analog Wireless

Cellular System

Transmit only analog voice information Use FDMA Access Technology which uses 30 KHz channels

of spectrum each carrying one Telephone ckt.

Types of Analog Cellular System :

1. AMPS (Advance Mobile Phone Service) :-First introduced in U.S.- 30 KHz radio channel,824MHz to 849 MHz Uplink freq.

and 869 to 894 MHz downlink, Provide 832 channels

2. TACS (Totol Access Communication System):- First Introduced in U.K. in 1985,Use 25 KHz radio channel- 890 to 915 MHz uplink and 869 to 894 MHz downlink freq.


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3. NMT ( Nordic Mobile Telephone) :

- Developed by telecommunicationadministrations of Nordic countries

- NMT-450 use lower frequency(450 MHz)and high Transmitting power

- NMT-900 use higher frequency and lowtransmitting power- Radio channel is of 25 KHz

4. NAMPS ( Narrowband AMPS ) :- Introduced by Motorola in 1991- Use 10 KHz BW for radio channel


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5. JMCS ( Japanese mobile Cellular System ) :

- First Launched by Japan in 197- MCS-L1 operate in 800 MHz band, Channel BW 25

KHz-MCS-L2 operate in 800 MHz band and channel BW is

12.5 KHz

6. CNET- First started in Germany in 1985- operate at 450 MHz and channel BW is 20 KHz

7. MATS-E

- Combined many of the features used in differentcellular system

- Used in France and Kuwait


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2G Digital Wireless System

It use digital radio signals

1G and 2G both use digital signaling toconnect radio tower to rest of telephonesystem

Main 2G technologies are TDMA,CDMAand GSM

GSM utilizes wider band(200 KHz) carrierfrequencies and each support 8 time slots


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Advantages :

1. Due to digital error checking, sound quality isincreased

2. Allowed digital data services like SMS and

email3. Digital system emit less power so more cells

could be placed in same amount of space

Disadvantages :

1. Weaker digital signal will not reach a celltower in less populous area

2. Under worse condition digital has occasionaldro out


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2.5G Wireless Mobile Technology

It enable high speed data transfer over upgradedexisting 2G network by sending data as packets atvery fast speed

2.5G use two technology

1. GPRS ( General Packet Radio Service ):

- It is packet linked technology that enable high-speed wireless internet

- Implemented by adding new packet data nodesand upgrading existing node to provide routing pathfor packet data between mobile and gateway node


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2. EDGE ( Enhanced Data rates for GSMEvolution ):

- Uses same TDMA frame structure and 200

KHz carrier bandwidth as todays GSM networksusing high level modulation

- Quaternary- OffsetQAM has beenproposed because It provide higher data ratesand good spectral efficiency


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Third Generation System

ITU has defined the demands for thirdgeneration mobile network with IMT-2000standard. System that fulfils IMT-2000 standard

is UMTS 3G networks are wide area cellular telephone

network evolved to incorporate high speedinternet access

3G uses 0.5 MHz channel carrier width to deliverhigher data rates and increased capacity


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3G cellular services known as UMTS or IMT-2000 has following main characteristics

- A single family of compatible standard that

can be used worldwide- Support for both packet-switched and circuit

switched data transmission

- Data rates up to 2 Mbps ( In stationarymode)

- High spectrum efficiency


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Services and Speed


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ITU IMT-2000 family of 3G


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UTRA FDD


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UTRA TDD


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CDMA-2000-MC


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UWC-136


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UMTS Architecture


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Core issues

Expensive input fee for service licenses

Expense of 3G phones

Lack of buy-in by 2G mobile users for new3G service

Lack of coverage because it is still a newservice

Lack of member state support forfinancially troubled operators


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4G Wireless Technology

This technology is expected to be available by 2010 4G being developed with following objectives

- Speeds up to 50 times higher than 3G- To accomplish multi-service capacity integrating all

the mobile technologies that exist- This network must be available to users ant time,

anywhere- Low bit cost is essential where high volume of data

are transmitted

To be able to use 4G mobile networks, mobile terminalmust be able to choose from available wireless networksthe one to use with specific service

Terminal mobility is key factor to the success of 4Gnetwork


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CONCLUSION

The explosive growth of mobile wirelessusage and ever increasing need for high-speed data services accelerated the need

for the deployment of 3G technologies


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References

Mischa Schwartz, Mobile Wireless CommunicationCambridge Press Publication

Dr. Ingwolfgang Granzow, Lecture on 3rd GenerationMobile communication System(year 2000)

Josue Valencia, Paper on3G Wireless Technologies

(year 2000) Ben Patterson, Paper on 3G Cell Phone Services

(year 2008) http://en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1G

http://en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2G http://en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3G http://en,wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=4G
http://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=4Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=4Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=3Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2Ghttp://en%2Cwikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1G


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Thanks

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Wireless Networks Evolution From 1g to 4g