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World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144

World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

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Page 1: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

World Geography

3202

Chapter Nine - page 144

Page 2: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow

- certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop soil and create profit

* Some basic ones are shared by all regardless of size, location or type of farm

- This includes: Inputs, Farm Processes, & Outputs

Soil is a Resource

Page 3: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

(Q #1 page 144)

Inputs: The items / things that go into the production of a good or service

ex. climate, topography, soil, labour, seeds, plants (seedlings), fertilizers

TERMS TO KNOW

Page 4: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Farm Processes: actions taken to produce a product

ex. preparation of the land, ploughing, seeding, weeding, harvesting

TERMS TO KNOW

Page 5: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Outputs: The products of production / what is produced from farms, industry, business

ex. hay, vegetables, grains, livestock, meat, milk, eggs

TERMS TO KNOW

Page 6: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Cash Crop: when a farm product is produced in order to be sold

Subsistence Farming: people farm to produce the food they need to survive. Any surplus left over may be sold

TERMS TO KNOW

Page 7: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Input, Process, Output?

a. vegetable stand

b. piece of cheese

c. irrigation spraying

d. animals

In Class Activity Q # 2 pg 144

Page 8: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

KEY input of farming is labour

Labour: provided by the people who do the work, allows soil and other components to produce food or another output

Family - Operated Farm: if at least half the labour is supplied by the farm operator and his/her family (considered normal)

Small Scale Farming

Page 10: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

#1: A Mixed-Vegetable Farm in Canada

CASE STUDY #1Questions 3a, 4b, 5, 6a,

Page 11: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

#2: Rice Farming in Bangladesh

CASE STUDY #2Class Discussion Questions 7b, 8a, 9Subsistence Farming

Commercial Farming: Farmers produce crops or raise animals primarily for sale to others

** Intensive Farming/Agriculture **- Write definition from Glossary

Page 12: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

CLASS ACTIVITY WORKSHEET 9.3

Page 13: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

#3: Shifting Cultivation in Borneo

Questions 11a, 11b, 11cSlash-and-Burn Cultivation: clearing land area of all undergrowth using machetes (13-20 days), farm there for short period and move on leaving land the land to return to forest

Page 14: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- dozens or hundreds of labourers are hired to perform the work required

- farming output supports more than just one family

- operations are always commercial

This type of farming can take many forms:

➀ Climate

➁ Culture

➂ Economic Factors

Large Scale Farming

Page 15: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

#4: Plantation Farming in Hawaii

CASE STUDY #4Questions 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b

Volcanic Soils: very well suited to many kinds of farming because they are porous and have a high chemical content (increases their productivity)

Page 16: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

#5: Wheat Farming in Ukraine

CASE STUDY #5Questions 14, 15a, 15b

Main obstacles to private farming:1. lack of private suppliers of seeds, fertilizers, and equipment2. difficulties in obtaining the capital needed to buy inputs3. shortages of spare parts and services to repair machinery4. lack of knowledge to manage all aspects of a farm

Page 17: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

#6: An Agribusiness in the Philippines

Questions 17a, 17b

Agribusiness: farming systems that are self-sufficient with several advantages1. Greater access to capital (access to the latest equipment and technology)2. Ability to export products worldwide3. Controlled costs of production and export4. Sell directly to the consumer with no intervening wholesale or retail involvement

Page 18: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- problems in providing an adequatequantity of food for their residents

- problems with development and food supply stem from

➀ Land ownership

➁ Level of agricultural output

➂ Degree of technological advancements

Farming Challenges in Less Developed Countries

Page 19: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- Without access to land people in less-developed countries will never become self-sustaining

- Most farmers work as labourers

- Wages are not adequate to support their families

- Most land is owned by wealthy landowners

Land Ownership

Page 20: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- Traditional agriculture is limited in its productivity

- New higher-yielding varieties of seeds and breeds of animals should be used

- This allows for more productivity which provides food for the expanding population

Agricultural Output

Page 21: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

New technologies must be used to allow small-scale farming processes such as planting and harvesting to be completed more efficiently

Degree of Technological Advancements

Page 22: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Land Reform: the redistribution of land controlled by the wealthy few to individual farmers for smallholding farming

(answer to question 20 page 160)

Define Green Revolution & Appropriate Technology

(answer to question 23 page 161)

TERMS TO KNOW

Page 23: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Land Reform in Brazil

CASE STUDY #7Questions 21a, 21b, 21c- page 160

Page 24: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

Research and prepare a photo essay (4 photos & 150 words) on one of the following topics as it applies to agriculture in a less-developed country

a) land reform

b) the green revolution

c) appropriate technology

d) subsistence farming

Due: Monday Morning

RESEARCH PROJECT

Page 25: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- High crop yield can be obtained through artificial means

- Technology has allowed us to:

➀ Make crops more disease and pest resistant

➁ Foster maturity in crops more quickly

➂ Grow crops in a diversity of climates and

➃ Grow crops in a diversity of soil types

Science & Technology

Page 26: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- began in Mexico in the 1950's

- drastically decreased India’s food shortage

- 1960 India faced massive starvation

- After Green Revolution in 1963: new weather resistant high-yield crops were planted and India’s grain production doubled in less than 10 years

- India was almost able to feed its population for 10 years

Green Revolution

Page 27: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

The Struggle for Appropriate Technology in Nigeria

Class Discussion - Question 24 pg 161

Page 28: World Geography 3202 Chapter Nine - page 144. - provides nutrients and food that plants need to grow - certain conditions are needed to grow crops, develop

- Since mid 20th century Agricultural Scientists have developed many new plants that have increased World Agricultural Output

- The future challenge in less-developed countries will be the quantity and quality of technology used to produce food

- If less-developed countries had the technologies of developed countries world food shortages would be eliminated

CONCLUSION