WS1.5 Initial InstructionAMERICA

1.5 Research and Technology: give credit for both quoted and paraphrased information in a bibliography by using a consistent and sanctioned format and methodology for citations.

Writing Strategies

Documenting Sources

Footnotes and Other Citations

It is important to document sources used in a research report

You may quote directly or cite an idea found in a book, a magazine, a newspaper, online, or in an informational interview

While a Works Cited list shows the materials used for a report, only a parenthetical citation within the body of the report, or a footnote at the bottom of a page, is an appropriate indicator of where exactly the quotation or idea was found

Documenting Sources

Parenthetical Citation

Footnotes and Other Citations

Put the author’s last name and, if appropriate, the page number from the printed source in the parenthesis.

Put the last names of the authors and the page number if the document has more that one author.

Give the title and the page reference if no author is given.

Note that the citation in parenthesis comes before the period at the end of the citation or quote .

Parenthetical Citation

Parenthetical CitationModel

Footnotes and Other Citations

Eleanor Roosevelt was tireless in her work. A joke in Washington was that President Roosevelt prayed each night, “Dear God, please make Eleanor a little tired” (Goodwin 41).

Parenthetical Citation

Print Sources

Creating a Works Cited List

Any source that you have cited in your report needs to be listed alphabetically by the author’s last name.

If no author is given, use the editor’s name or the title of the work.

If the source listing wraps around to a second line, indent a half-inch.

Print Sources

Print Source Model - Book

Creating a Works Cited List

Author (last name first). Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication.

SampleArmbruster, Maxim. The Presidents of the

United States. New York: Horizon, 1969.

Print Source Model - Book

Print Source Model - Magazine

Creating a Works Cited List

Author (last name first). “Title of Article.” Title of Magazine. Date of Publication: Page Numbers.

SampleGoodwin, Doris Kearns. “The Home Front.”

New Yorker 15 Aug 1994: 38-61.

Print Source Model - Magazine

Print Source Model - Encyclopedia

Creating a Works Cited List

“Title of Entry.” Title of Encyclopedia. Edition. Date of Publication.

Sample“Roosevelt, (Anna) Eleanor.” Encyclopedia

Britannica: Micropaedia. 15th ed. 1992.

Print Source Model - Encyclopedia

Electronic Sources

Creating a Works Cited List

You also need to identify any CD-ROMs or Internet databases in the Works Cited list with print sources.

Electronic Sources

Internet Databases

Creating a Works Cited List

Entries include the same kind of information as for entries for print sources

Additionally, you need to include:the date you accessed the

informationthe electronic address of the

source Some of the information about the source

may be unavailable Include as much as you can

Internet Databases

Electronic Source Model – Internet Database

Creating a Works Cited List

Author (last name first). “Title of Webpage.” Title of Website. Year Website Published. Publisher. Date Accessed <URL Address of Site>.

SampleLynch, Tim. “DSN Trials Review.” Psi Phi:

Bradley’s Science Fiction Club. 1996. Bradley University. 8 Oct 1997 < http://www.bradley.edu/campusorg/psiphi/DS9/ep/503r.html>.

Electronic Source Model – Internet Database

CD-ROMs

Creating a Works Cited List

Entries include the:Publication Medium (CD-ROM)DistributorDate of Publication

Some of the information shown may not always be available

Include as much as you can

CD-ROMs

Electronic Source Model – CD-ROMs

Creating a Works Cited List

“Subject.” Title of Source. CD-ROM. Location: Publisher, Date Published.

Sample “Lincoln, Abraham.” Microsoft Encarta

Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. Redmond: Microsoft, 1998.

Electronic Source Model – CD-ROMs